JPS63231241A - Material tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exactly measure the penetration depth of a presser into a material piece by fixing a stationary element of a displacement detector for detecting the penetration depth of the presser to one of the presser and bringing a moving element to the other of the presser. CONSTITUTION:A contactor 71 moves in such a manner that a shaft sleeve 25 brings a pointed end 33 of the presser 32 into contact with the surface 1a of the material piece 1 then compresses a coil spring 41 to push and penetrate the end 33 into the material piece 1. A contact surface 72 of a contact part 71C moves accordingly to contact the material piece 1. A magnetic piece 81b which is the moving element of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the penetration depth of the presser moves the position of the air coil of an electromagnetic transformer 81a which is the stationary element from the position where the contact surface 72 does not contact the surface 1a to the direction opposite from the material piece 1 according to the movement of the end 33 so as to be pressed and penetrated into the material piece 1 after the contact of the contact surface 72 with the surface 1a. The output indicating the moving quantity at which the end 33 moves to be pushed and penetrated into the material piece 1 is, therefore, obtd. from the transformer 81a.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to the hardness, tensile strength, yield stress, elastic modulus, creep behavior, etc. of a material piece (hereinafter referred to as the hardness of a material piece for simplicity). ) is the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece when the pressing force of the indenter on the material piece takes a predetermined first value when the indenter is pushed into the material piece to make an indentation on the material piece; The pressing force of the indenter against the material piece when separating the indenter from the material piece after the indenter is pushed into the material piece to make an indentation on the material piece is a predetermined first value or another second value. This invention relates to a material testing machine that measures the amount of penetration of an indenter into a piece of material when taking a piece of material, or the amount of penetration of an indenter into a piece of material.

Prior Art Conventionally, when an indenter is pushed into a piece of material to make an impression on the piece of material, the amount of penetration of the indenter into the piece of material when the pressing force of the indenter on the piece of material takes a predetermined first value. and,
The pressing force of the indenter against the material piece when separating the indenter from the material piece after the indenter is pushed into the material piece and leaves an impression on the material piece is a predetermined first value or another second value.
As a material testing machine that measures using one or both of the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece when taking the value of
A material piece holding body that holds a material piece, an indenter that presses into the material piece held by the material piece holding body and makes an impression on the material piece, and an indenter that pushes the indenter into the material piece. an indenter pressing member that presses as shown in FIG. In this case, the indenter penetration amount detection means has a displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration amount having a stator and a movable element, and the displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration opening is fixed. The indenter is fixed to one of the indenter and the material piece holding body, and the movable element of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation intrusion has its free end in contact with the other of the indenter and the material piece holding body. A device having the following configuration has been proposed.

According to the material testing machine having such a configuration, even when an indentation is made on a piece of material with an indenter, and even when the indenter is separated from a piece of material after making an indentation on a piece of material with an indenter, the indenter pressing force is The pressing force of the indenter against the material piece can be measured by the indenter suppressing force detection output from the detection means, and the indenter penetration amount detection output from the displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration amount of the indenter penetration amount detection means, Since the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece can be measured, the hardness of the material piece, etc. can be measured.

However, in the case of conventional material testing machines, the stator of the displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration amount of the indenter penetration amount detection means is fixed to the material piece holding body that holds the material piece. Since the free end of the indenter mover is in contact, the indenter intrusion amount detection output from the displacement detector for detecting the indenter intrusion amount of the indenter intrusion amount detection means does not depend on the surface of the material piece holding body. The value obtained is influenced by the state of the material and how the material is held on the material-holding body.

Therefore, it is not possible to accurately measure the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece, which can be measured by the indentation amount detection output from the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation in the indenter penetration amount detection means. Can not.

Therefore, conventional material testing machines have the disadvantage that they cannot accurately measure the hardness of a piece of material.

-, the present invention aims to propose a new material testing machine that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

As in the case of conventional material testing machines, the material testing machine according to the present invention includes a material piece holding body that holds a material piece, and a material piece held by the material piece holding body. An indenter that makes an impression on a piece, an indenter pressing member that presses the indenter so that it presses into the material piece, and an indenter pressing force detection means that detects the indenter pressing force with which the indenter presses the material piece. , and an indenter penetration amount detection means for detecting the amount of indentation that the indenter has pushed into the material piece.

However, in the material testing machine according to the present invention, in the material testing machine having such a configuration, the indenter penetration amount detection means has a contactor that contacts the material piece from the surface, a stator, and a movable element. a displacement detector for detection, and a stator of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation penetration is fixed to either the indenter or the contactor, and a movable element of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation penetration. has a configuration in which the free end thereof is in contact with the other of the indenter and the contactor.

1 See 2 U As in the case of conventional material testing machines, the material testing machine according to the present invention includes a material piece holding body, an indenter, an indenter pressing member, an indenter pressing force detection means, and an indenter. and intrusion amount detection means. Further, the indenter penetration amount detection means has a contactor that contacts the material piece from the surface thereof, and a displacement detector for detecting an indenter penetration port, which has a stator and a movable element, and the displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration port The stator of the detector is fixed to either the indenter or the contact, and the movable element of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation has its free end in contact with the other of the indenter or the contact. An indenter penetration amount detection output representing the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece is obtained from the detection displacement detector.

Therefore, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, the hardness of a piece of material can be measured using the indenter pressing force detection output from the indenter pressing force detection means and the indenter penetration amount detection means, as in the case of conventional material testing machines. It can be measured using the indenter penetration amount detection output from the indenter penetration amount detection output.

However, in the case of the material testing machine according to the present invention, the indenter penetration amount detection means is not attached to the material piece holding body, but to the surface of the material piece held by the material piece holding body. Indentation (1) The stator of the displacement detector for detecting indentation is brought into contact via a contactor that fixes the stator, and the free end of the movable member is brought into contact via the contactor.

Therefore, the indenter intrusion amount detection output from the displacement detector for detecting the indenter intrusion port of the indenter intrusion amount detection means can be used to determine what kind of surface the material piece holding body has and what kind of surface is on the material piece holding body. so that a value that is independent of the conditions in which the piece of material is held can be obtained. Therefore, the amount of penetration of the indenter into the material piece, which can be measured by the indenter penetration amount detection output from the displacement detector for detecting the indenter penetration amount of the indenter penetration amount detection means, can be obtained as an accurate value.

Therefore, according to the material testing machine of the present invention, it is possible to measure the hardness of a piece of material more accurately than in the case of a conventional material testing machine.

Next, a first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A-C1, 2, and 3A-K.

1A-1C and FIG. 2 show a material testing machine according to the present invention, which has the configuration described below.

That is, it has a table-shaped material piece holding body 3 having a flat surface 3a on which a flat material piece 1 having a flat surface 1a is placed and held.

This piece-holding body 3 is attached to the free end of the support screw @4 integrally with it, with the flat surface 3a lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the support screw @4. The support screw shaft 4 is screwed from above the base body 2 into a head screw 5 provided in advance on the base body 2 from the upper surface thereof and extending in the vertical direction, and is fixed to the base body 2 by the head screw 6. ing.

Therefore, the material piece holding body 3 is held movably in the vertical direction with respect to the base body 2, with its surface 3a lying within a horizontal plane.

A support 11 is installed integrally with the base 2. At the free end of the column 11, a supporting arm 12 extending horizontally is provided integrally therewith. This support arm 12
An indenter pressing member 2, which will be described later, is integrally attached to the free end of the indenter.
A guide @ mantle 13 for guiding the guide 5 is provided.

One free end surface of the guide shaft 13 is closed by an end plate 14 having a shaft hole 15, but the other free end surface is open. The guide shaft 13 has its axis aligned with the axis of the support screw shaft 4, and the end plate 14 is connected to the material piece holding body 3.
It is provided at the free end of the support arm 12 so as to be located above the material piece holding body 3 while being located on the opposite side.

The guide shaft assembly 13 includes a screw shaft portion 17a having an outer diameter smaller than its inner diameter, and a disc-shaped shaft portion 17a having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the shaft hole 15 provided in the end plate 14 of the guide shaft assembly 13. The flange 17b has an outer diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the shaft hole 15 of the end plate 14 of the guide shaft assembly 13, and has a keyway 1 on the outer periphery from the free end surface.
The drive shaft 17 has a configuration in which a drive wheel mounting shaft portion 17G having a drive wheel mounting portion 8 and a shaft portion 17d having a smaller outer diameter than the drive wheel mounting portion 17C are integrally arranged in that order. Its shaft portion 17d and drive wheel mounting shaft portion 17c
from inside the guide shaft hole 13 into the shaft hole 15 provided in the end plate 14 of the guide shaft assembly 13 until it comes into contact with the flange 17E) 711 plate 14, and then insert it on the end plate 14. Then, the drive wheel 21 having the key 22 is placed on the drive wheel attachment shaft 17C with the key 22 guided into the key groove 18 of the drive wheel attachment shaft 17C. , shaft part 1
By screwing the main screw 23 to 7d, the screw shaft portion 17
A is provided in the guide shaft hole 13 so as to be able to rotate, although it does not substantially move in the axial direction, with the guide shaft a extending into the guide shaft hole 13 and aligned with the shaft thereof.

A drive shaft 17 rotatably extending into the guide shaft hole 13
includes an indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a which has a guide groove 26 extending in the axial direction on its outer peripheral surface and has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the above-mentioned guiding shaft assembly 13; It has an inner diameter larger than the sound part 25a and an outer diameter that is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the guide shaft fitting 13 described above, and communicates with the inside on the indenter guide shaft metal part 25a side and extends in the axial direction. The clear sound part 25b having the slit 27 is arranged integrally, and the indenter guide shaft metal part 2 of the clear sound part 25b
The indenter suppressing circular sound 25 has a configuration in which the side opposite to the side 5a is closed by an end plate portion 28 having a racer screw 29.
By screwing the screw shaft portion 17a of the drive shaft 17 into the main screw 29 and extending the screw shaft portion 17a into the clear sound portion 25b, the screw shaft portion 17a is guided from inside the guide shaft hole 13 to the guiding shaft. It is provided so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the material piece holding body 3 while extending outside the clean sound 13 toward the material piece holding body 3 side.

In this case, the indenter guiding axial sound part 30 of the indenter pressing axial element 25
is provided with an annular guide groove 26 from its outer circumferential surface, and an original plate-shaped spring receiving part having a larger outer diameter than the indenter guiding axial sound part 30 on the end plate part 28 side of the guide groove 26. 31 are integrally provided. The above-mentioned indenter pressing shaft element 25 has a pointed end 33 and the indenter pressing shaft element 25 has a pointed end 33.
The shaft part 32a has an outer diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a of No.
The indenter 32, which has a disk-shaped pressure receiving part 32b having an outer diameter larger than a, loosely inserts its shaft part 32a into the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a of the indenter pressing shaft element 25, and presses. The receiving part 32b is connected to the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a and the ring metal part 25b.
By being received by the step surface 30 between them, the tip 33 protrudes and extends outside the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a of the indenter pressing shaft element 25 toward the material piece holding body 3 side. It is provided so that it can move forward and backward with respect to 3.

In addition, in the indenter guiding shaft end portion 25b of the indenter pressing shaft element 25, there is provided a shaft facing parallel to the pressure receiving surface 34 of the indenter 32 so as to interrupt the inside of the indenter pressing shaft end portion 25b. A pressing part 35 is provided which has a flat pressing surface 36 that is flat.

Furthermore, a pressure receiving surface 34 of the pressure receiving portion 32b of the indenter 32,
A winding strip 41 is interposed between the indenter pressing shaft element 25 and the pressing surface 36 of the pressing portion 35 .

In addition, a switch mounting piece 47 is provided on the indenter pressing shaft sound part 25b of the indenter pressing shaft element 25 described above and integrally extends outward in the radial direction, and the switch mounting circumferential piece 47
A stop switch 48 having a movable contact 48a is attached on the top, and a switch receiving piece 49 for receiving the movable contact 48a of the stop switch 48 is attached to the above-mentioned guide Ia813.

In this case, when the indenter pressing shaft element 25 rises from a lowered state in which its end plate 28 is not in contact with the flange 17b of the drive shaft, and the end plate 28 comes into contact with the flange 17b. Then, the above-mentioned switch mounting piece 4 is installed so that the stop switch 48 is operated from off to on or vice versa.
7 is provided on the indenter pressing part 25b, and the above-mentioned switch receiving piece 49 is provided on the guiding part 13.

On the other hand, a motor 43 to which a drive wheel 44 is attached is attached to the above-mentioned pillar 11, and the drive wheel 44 and
The drive wheel 21 attached to the drive shaft 17 described above is
They are connected by a belt 45.

According to the above configuration, the motor 43 is driven, and therefore, when the drive shaft 17 is not rotated, the first
As shown in FIG. Step surface 30 between the indenter guide shaft sound part 25a and the shaft joint part 25b of the shaft joint 25
Then, in this state, insert the pointed end 33 from the end face of the indenter-pressing shaft fitting 25 on the side opposite to the clear-sounding part 25b side of the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a toward the material piece holding body 3 side. can be made to protrude at a sufficient distance.

In addition, in such a state, the surface 3a of the material piece holding body 3
On top, a piece of material 1 can be held.

Furthermore, if the motor 43 is driven in normal rotation from such a state, the drive shaft 17 is rotated in the normal direction via the drive wheel 44 - belt 45 - drive wheel 21, and accordingly, the shaft alignment for indenter pressing is adjusted. 25 is moved downwardly toward the material piece holding body 3 together with the indenter 32, and as shown in FIG. 1B, the tip 33 of the indenter 32 is held on the material piece holding body 3. It can be brought into contact with the surface 1a of the piece of material 1 that is being held.

Furthermore, if the motor 43 continues to rotate in the forward direction even after the tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1 as described above, the indenter 32 will rotate as shown in FIG. 1C. The pressing shaft 25 can be moved downwardly towards the piece of material 1 . In this case, the winding strip 41 is compressed. For this reason,
The indenter pressing axis 25 is such that the tip 33 of the indenter 32 is aligned with the material piece 1.
From the time when the indenter 32 comes into contact with the surface 1a of the winding strip 4,
1 so that the tip 33 of the indenter 32 can be forced into the piece of material 1 and make an indentation 51 in the piece of material 1.

Furthermore, after making the indentation 51 on the material piece 1 in this manner, the motor 43 is temporarily stopped, and then the motor 43 is driven in the reverse direction to reverse the drive shaft 17, and accordingly,
The indenter pressing axis 25 is moved upward along with the indenter 32, and the tip 33 of the indenter 32 is moved between the material piece 1 and the indentation 5.
Then, the end plate part 2B of the indenter pressing fQ sleeve 25 is brought into contact with the flange part 17b of the drive shaft 17, and at this time, the switch 48 can be activated. Further, if the stop switch 48 is activated in this way, a signal representing this can be obtained from the stop switch 48 as the stop signal 348, and the stop signal S48 can be used to control the motor. 43 can be stopped automatically.

As is clear from the above, the above-mentioned indenter pressing shaft assembly 25 constitutes an indenter pressing member that presses the indenter 32 so that it presses into the material piece 1, and the above-mentioned winding strip 41 constitutes an indenter pressing force transmitting member which is made of a resilient material and is inserted between the above-mentioned indenter pressing member and the indenter 32.

A displacement detector 61 for detecting an indenter pressing force is provided on the indenter pressing shaft assembly 25 as the indenter pressing member described above.

This displacement detector 61 for detecting indenter pressing force is, for example,
An air-core electromagnetic transformer 61a composed of a winding wire, a magnetic piece 61b movable in the axial direction within the air core, and a magnetic piece 61b extending integrally with the magnetic piece 61b in the axial direction and having a free end surface as an engaging surface 62. The electromagnetic transformer 61a is fixedly disposed within the shaft hole 37 previously provided in the pressing part 35 of the indenter pressing shaft 25, and the engaging surface of the engaging member 61c is 62 in contact with the pressure receiving surface 34 of the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32, the indenter pressing shaft alignment 25
It is set in.

The electromagnetic transformer 6 of the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter suppressing force
1a constitutes a stator of the displacement detector 61 for detecting indenter pressing force, and the magnetic piece 61b and the engagement element 61c constitute a movable element of the displacement detector 61 for detecting indenter pressing force.

Displacement detector 61 for detecting indenter pressing force having the above-described configuration
In this case, the magnetic piece 61b constituting the movable element moves until the indenter pressing shaft element 25 brings the tip 33 of the indenter 32 into contact with the surface 1a of the material piece 1, as described above, and then Then, the winding strip 41 is compressed, and the tip 33 of the indenter 32 is compressed.
As the indenter 32 is moved so as to be pushed into the material piece 1, the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32 changes the position in the air core of the electromagnetic transformer 61a constituting the stator, so that the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32 moves the position of the indenter pressing shaft element 25. The state where the tip 33 of the indenter 32 is supported by the step surface 30 between the shaft elements 25a and 25b.
From the reference position shown in FIG. 1A, where the indenter 3 is not in contact with the surface 1a of the material piece 1, as shown in FIG.
Move to the opposite side from the 2nd side. At this time, the winding strip 41, which is made of a resilient material and serves as an indenter pressing force transmission member, is compressed as described above.

Therefore, from the electromagnetic transformer 61a serving as the stator of the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force, it is possible to obtain an output representing the amount of compression of the winding spring 41, which is made of elastic material and serves as an indenter pressing force transmitting member. . Incidentally, the amount of compression of the winding strip 41 corresponds to the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the piece of material 1. Therefore, the indenter pressing force detection output S61 representing the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1 can be obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force.

As is clear from the above, the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force detects the indenter pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1 held on the material piece holding body 3. It constitutes force detection means.

Further, a contactor 71 is provided on the indenter pressing shaft element 25 as the pressing member described above.

This contactor 71 has an axle part 71 having an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the indenter guiding axle part 25a of the indenter pressing axle element 25.
a, and a thickness that extends inward in the radial direction from the upper inner surface of the shaft element part 71a by a length that is approximately equal to the depth of the guide groove 26 of the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a, and that is sufficiently smaller than the length of the guide groove 26. an annular engaging portion 72b having a diameter, and an annular engaging portion 72b extending inwardly and downwardly from the lower end of the shaft element portion 71a integrally therewith in a conical ring shape, and having a free end surface with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion 32a of the indenter 32; and a contact portion 71c having a contact surface 72 having It is provided on the indenter guiding axial sound part 25a.

In this case, between the upper end surface of the shaft element part 71a of the contactor 71 and the thin plate-shaped spring receiving part 31 provided on the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25a of the indenter pressing shaft element 25, the above-mentioned winding spring A winding strip 74 that is sufficiently weaker than 41 is inserted, and the indenter 32
In the above-mentioned first embodiment, the tip 33 of the
In the state shown in Figure A, the contact 71 is
The engaging portion 71b is connected to the guide groove 2 of the indenter guiding axial sound portion 25a.
6, and in this state, the contact surface 72 of the contact portion 71c is pressed against the contact surface 72 of the indenter 32 by the pressing portion 32b of the indenter pressing shaft element 25 and the shaft coupling portion 25a for guiding the indenter.
The tip 33 of the indenter 32 is placed on a plane slightly below the free end of the tip 33 when it is engaged with the stepped surface 30 between the indenters 32 and 6.

Further, in addition to the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force described above, a displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration having a similar configuration is provided.

This indenter penetration amount detecting degree detector 81 is, for example, similar to the above-mentioned indenter pressing force detecting displacement detector 61,
An air-core electromagnetic transformer 81a composed of a winding wire, a magnetic piece 81b movable in the axial direction within the air core, and a magnetic piece 81b extending integrally with the magnetic piece 81b in the axial direction and engaging the free end surface. The electromagnetic transformer 81a has a rod-shaped engaging element 81c having a surface 82, and the electromagnetic transformer 81a is integrally connected to the pressing receiving part 32b of the indenter 32 in the radial direction.
The engaging surface 82 of the engaging element 81c is fixedly disposed on the supporting piece 39 which is extended outward through the slit 27 of the indenter guiding shaft sound part 25b and provided in advance, and the engaging surface 82 of the engaging element 81c is
It is brought into contact with the upper surface 76 of a receiving piece 75 which is previously provided on the sound part 71a and extends outwardly in the width direction integrally with the sound part 71a.

This displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration. The electromagnetic transformer 81a constitutes a stator of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration, and the magnetic piece 81b and the engagement element 81c constitute the movable element of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration. .

In the case of the contactor 71 having the above-mentioned configuration, the contactor 71 has the indenter pressing axis 25 in the first position where the tip 33 of the indenter 32 does not contact the surface 18 of the material piece 1, as described above. When moving from the state shown in FIG. A to the surface 1a of the material piece 1, and then compressing the winding strip 41 and pushing the tip @i33 of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1, Along with the movement, the contact surface 7 of the contact portion 71C
2 moves towards the piece of material 1 so that it comes into contact with the piece of material 1. However, in this case, the contact portion 72 of the contact portion 71c of the contactor 71 starts from the time immediately before the tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1, as shown in FIG. The tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the surface 1a of the piece 1, and after the contact, as shown in FIG.
Even if it comes into contact with the surface 1a of the piece of material 1 and is then forced into the piece of material 1, it does not move substantially because the winding strip 74, which has only a weak force, is compressed. Therefore, the contact surface 72 of the contact portion 71c of the contactor 71 is connected to the surface 1 of the material piece 1.
After contacting the material piece 1, the surface 1a of the material piece 1 is brought into contact with the contact surface 72, as shown in FIGS.
Even if it is pressed through the winding thread 74, the winding thread 7
4 has only a weak force, the contact surface 7°2 of the contact portion 71C of the contactor 71 presses the surface 1a of the piece of material 1 with only a weak force, and therefore the contact surface of the contact portion 71C 72 is thereby kept at substantially the same height position as when it is not pressing against the surface 1a of the piece of material 1.

After the contact portion 72 of the contactor 71 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1, the tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the material piece 1.
When the indenter comes into contact with the surface 1a and then moves to push it into the material piece 1, it does not substantially move. The piece 81b moves the stator in response to the movement of the tip 33 of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 after the contact surface 72 of the contactor 71 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1. The position of the electromagnetic transformer 81a in the air core is changed from the position shown in FIG. When the surface 72 and the tip 33 of the indenter 32 come into contact with the surface of the material piece 1, the reference position shown in FIG. 1B is moved to the side opposite to the material piece 1 side shown in FIG. like,
Move to the side opposite to the material piece 1 side.

In this case, the magnetic piece 8 of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration
1b is within the air core of the electromagnetic transformer 81a, from the position where the contact portion 72 of the contactor 71 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1, the contact portion 72 of the contactor 71 and the tip 33 of the indenter 32 move toward the material piece 1. The amount of movement to the reference position shown in FIG. 1B when it comes into contact with the surface 1a is a predetermined fixed amount.

Therefore, from the electromagnetic transformer 81a as a stator of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration, an output representing the amount of movement of the tip 33 of the indenter 32 to be pushed into the material piece 1 can be obtained. Can be done. Incidentally, this amount of movement corresponds to the amount of indenter penetration by which the tip 33 of the indenter 32 presses into the material piece 1. Therefore, the indenter penetration detection output S81 representing the amount of penetration of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 can be obtained from the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indentation penetration.

As is clear from the above, the above-mentioned contactor 7
1 and the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indenter intrusion amount constitute an indenter intrusion amount detection means for detecting the intrusion amount of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, an indenter representing the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the piece of material 1 is obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force which constitutes the above-mentioned pressing force detection means. A pressing force detection output S61 and a displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration, which constitutes the above-mentioned indenter penetration amount detection means.
a processing circuit 91 to which is supplied an indenter penetration amount detection output S81 obtained from and representing the amount of penetration of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1'; and a display device that displays the processing output S91 from the processing circuit 91. 92, a motor drive circuit 93 that drives the motor 43 described above, a control circuit 94 that controls the processing circuit 91 and the motor drive circuit 93, and a start switch 95.

An example of the processing circuit 91 includes two first and second comparison circuits 101 and 102.

The first comparison circuit 101 receives an indenter pressing force detection output S61 obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force at one input terminal a, and a first pressing force setting circuit 103 at the other input terminal. receives a pressing force setting output 8103 representing the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1 as a first value V1, and receives an indenter pressing force detection output 86 from the output end C.
1 is obtained by the value V1 of the pressing force setting output 8103,
Outputs pulse P101.

Further, the second comparison circuit 102 receives the indenter pressing force detection output S61 at one input terminal a, and receives the indenter pressing force detection output S61 at the other input terminal a.
Receives a pressing force setting output 5104 representing the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1 as a second value V2 from the second pressing force setting circuit 104, and detects the indenter pressing force from the output terminal C. When the output 861 is obtained at the value of the pressing force setting output 5104, a pulse P102 is output.

Furthermore, the processing circuit 91 includes a latch circuit 105. This latch circuit 105 is connected to the displacement detector 8 for detecting the indenter penetration amount.
Receive the indenter penetration amount detection output 381 from 1 at the input terminal a,
By receiving the pulse P101 obtained from the output terminal C of the first comparator circuit 101 at the control terminal d, from the output terminal C,
An indenter penetration amount detection output 5105 having the contents of the indenter penetration amount detection output S81 at the time when the pulse P101 is obtained is output.

Further, the processing circuit 91 includes an arithmetic circuit 106. This arithmetic circuit 106 connects an input terminal a to an output terminal C of the latch circuit 105, and receives a control signal 894B from the control circuit 94.
The first pulse of the pulse P101 obtained from the first comparator circuit 101 (this is controlled by the pulse PIO
1A) is obtained, the indenter penetration amount detection output 5105 obtained from the latch circuit 105 (this is referred to as the indenter penetration amount detection output 5105A) and the first comparison circuit 10
When the next pulse (this is referred to as pulse P101B) after the pulse P101 obtained from 1 is obtained, the indenter penetration amount detection output 8105 obtained from the latch circuit 105 (this is referred to as the indenter penetration amount detection output 3105B) is A calculation is performed to calculate the difference, and the calculation output 8106 is output from the output terminal C.
As the processing output S91 of the processing circuit 91, the display 92
Output to.

The display 92 displays the processing output 89 obtained from the processing circuit 91.
Display the contents of 1.

The control circuit 94 receives a start signal 895 obtained from the start switch 95 when it is activated;
Upon receiving the stop signal 848 from the stop switch 4 described above and the pulse P102 obtained from the second comparison circuit 102 of the processing circuit 91, the motor drive circuit 93 is controlled as follows.

That is, now the start signal S59, the pulse P10
2 and the stop signal 848 are obtained in that order, the control signal 594A causes the motor drive circuit 93 to operate, and the resulting motor drive signal 893 causes the motor 43 to operate before the start signal 859 is obtained. The motor 43 is controlled to stop, and the motor 43 is controlled to rotate in the normal direction from the time when the start signal S59 is obtained until the time when the pulse P102 is obtained. The motor 43 is controlled to rotate in reverse from the time when a certain period of time has elapsed until the time when the stop signal S48 is obtained, and the motor 43 is controlled to stop after the time when the stop signal S48 is obtained.

Note that the control circuit 94 controls the arithmetic circuit 10 of the processing circuit 91 by the control signal 394B from the control circuit 94 as described above.
6 is then controlled so that the arithmetic output 8106 as the above-mentioned processing circuit S91 is obtained.

The above is the configuration of the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

According to the material testing machine according to the present invention having such a configuration, the following operations can be obtained with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3K.

That is, the start switch 9 shown in FIG.
5 is activated at time tQ.

When this happens, switch from the start switch 95 to the third
As shown in Figure A, at time 10, the starting signal 395
18 is supplied to the control circuit 94.

Therefore, the control circuit 94 receives the control signal 594 from the control circuit 94.
A controls the motor drive circuit 93 so that the motor 43 rotates in the forward direction according to the motor drive signal S93, and thus the motor 43, which was in a stopped state before time 10, is
However, as shown in FIG. 3B, normal rotation starts from time t0, and accordingly, the height H before time 1a is set to the reference value.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the indenter pressing @ mantle 25 that has been taken starts to descend at a constant speed from time 10, so that the height H of the indenter pressing shaft 25 remains constant from time t to. Takes a value that decreases with speed. In this case, indenter pressing shaft alignment 2
The height H of 5 represents the height of the upper surface of the end plate portion 28 of the indenter pressing @ sleeve 25, taken from the surface 3a of the material piece holding body 3, and its reference value ho is As shown in FIG.
This is the value when it is in contact with 7b.

Since the indenter pressing shaft assembly 25 descends as described above,
Accordingly, the indenter 32, which had set the height F before the time point to the reference value fO, changes from the time point 10 as shown in the third diagram.
The indenter 32 starts to descend at the same speed as the indenter pressing axis 25, and therefore, the height F of the indenter 32 takes a value that decreases from time 10 at the same speed as the indenter pressing axis 25. In this case, indenter 3
The height F of the indenter 32 is taken from the surface 3a of the material piece holding body 3 in the same way as the height H of the indenter pressing axis 25.
The reference value fQ represents the height of the free end of the tip 33 of the indenter 32, and the reference value fQ is such that the height H of the indenter pressing shaft alignment 25 takes the above-mentioned reference value ho, and the pressure receiving portion 32b of the indenter 32 This is the value when the shaft fitting 25 is in contact with the step receiving surface 30.

When the indenter 32 descends as described above, the tip of the indenter 32 @
i33 is the surface 1a of the material piece 1, as shown in FIG.
is contacted from time t3, which is after time 10. At the time t3 when the tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the surface 1a of the material piece 1, the height F of the indenter 32 takes the value f1. This value f1 represents the thickness of the material piece 1.

The indenter pressing shaft alignment 25 is such that the tip end 33 of the indenter 32 is at the time t3.
Even if it comes into contact with the surface 1a of the material piece 1, it continues to descend after the time t3 in the same way as before the time t3. Therefore, the indenter pressing axis 25 pushes the indenter 32 through the winding strip 41.
The tip 33 of the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 from time t3 by pressing toward the material piece 1. At this time,
Since the indenter pressing shaft 25 compresses the winding strip 41, even after time t3, as shown in FIG. 3C, it descends at the same speed as before time t3. As shown in Figure 3, it descends at a slower speed than before time t3.

The indenter pressing axis 25 and the indenter 32 are aligned in this manner from time to time.
The compression ff1G of the winding strip 41 is lowered from the third
As shown in FIG.
Takes a value that increases over time. Winding Article 41 in this case
The increasing speed of the compression fiG is determined by the decreasing speed of the height H of the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 shown in FIG. It corresponds to the difference in the rate of decrease of the value.

In this way, when the value of the compression amount G of the winding strip 41 increases from time t3, the pressure receiving surface 34 of the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32 becomes smaller with respect to the indenter pressing @ sleeve 25 from time t3. , at the same speed as the speed at which the compression amount G of the winding strip 41 increases,
Rise.

Therefore, the indenter 3 of the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force
At time t3, the magnetic piece 61b attached to the engager 61cm engaged with the pressure receiving surface 34 of the pressure receiving part 32b of No. 2
Therefore, in the air core of the electromagnetic transformer 61a, it rises from the reference position at the same speed as the value of the compression amount G of the winding strip 41 increases.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3F, the indenter suppressing force detection output S61 from the electromagnetic transformer 61a of the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force is, for example, a reference value V which is a zero value before time t3. , and the magnetic piece 6 increases over time from time t3.
It is obtained by taking a value that increases at a rate corresponding to the rate of rise of 1b, and therefore the rate of increase in compression ff1G of the winding strip 41.

On the other hand, if the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 and the indenter 32 start descending from the time point to, as described above in FIGS. However, as shown in FIG. 3G, from time point to, the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 and the indenter 32 start descending at the same speed.

In this case, the height K of the contact 71 is equal to the height K of the indenter pressing shaft valve 25.
Similarly to the height H of the indenter 32 and the height F of the indenter 32, it represents the height of the upper surface 76 of the receiving piece 75 provided on the contactor 71, for example, taken from the surface 3a of the material piece holding body 3, and its reference value kQ In this case, the engaging portion 71b of the contactor 71 is connected to the indenter guiding shaft end portion 25a1. of the indenter pressing shaft valve 25. : Lower end surface 3 of the provided guide groove 26
This is the value when it is in contact with 8.

If the contactor 71 descends from the time to as described above, and therefore the value of the height K of the contactor 71 decreases with time from the time to, the contact surface 72 will be on the surface 1a of the piece of material 1. , the tip 33 of the indenter 32 contacts the surface 1a of the piece of material 1 from time t2, which is earlier than time t3. The indenter pressing shaft valve 25 and the indenter 32 are connected to the contact surface 7 of the contactor 71.
2 contacts the surface 1a of the piece of material 1 from time t2, as described above in FIGS.
After time t2, it continues to descend as before time t2. Therefore, the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 presses the contact 71 toward the material piece 1 via the winding strip 74 from time t2.

However, the force of the winding strip 74 is sufficiently small that the contact 71 is not substantially pushed into the piece of material 1 and therefore
After time t2, the height K of the contactor 71 maintains the value 1 at time t2.

In this way, the height of the contactor 71 maintains a value of 1 after time t2, while the height F of the indenter 32 takes a value that decreases with time even after time t2, so from time t2, The magnetic piece 81b attached to the engaging element 81C that is engaged with the upper surface 76 of the receiving piece 75 provided on the contactor 71 of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration
Same as the speed at which the height F of the indenter 32 decreases from a position lower than the reference position in the air core of the electromagnetic transformer 81a provided on the support piece 39 extending outward in the radial direction from b. It passes through the reference position in the air core of the electromagnetic transformer 81a and rises above the reference position.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3H, the indenter pressing force detection output 881 from the electromagnetic transformer 81a of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indenter penetration amount reaches the reference value m, which is, for example, a zero value before time t2. It is obtained by taking a value m1' that is higher than that, and from time t2, taking a value that decreases with time at a speed corresponding to the rising speed of the magnetic piece 81b.

From the above, the value of the indenter pressing force detection output S61 obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force increases with time from time t3, as shown in FIG. It has become clear that the value of the indenter penetration amount detection output S81 obtained from the displacement detector 81 decreases with time from time t2, as shown in FIG. 3H, but the value of the indenter pressing force detection output S61 , d'3 at time t4, if it matches the value V1 of the pressing force setting signal 8103 obtained from the pressing force setting circuit 103 shown in FIG.
01, at time t4, a pulse P101A is obtained as the first pulse of the pulses P101, as shown in FIG.
5. Therefore, from the latch circuit 105 to which the indenter penetration amount detection output 881 obtained from the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indentation penetration amount is supplied, the indenter penetration amount detection output 5
105A is the indenter penetration amount detection output 8 at time t4.
As the first output of 105, the indenter penetration amount detection output S81
is obtained as the value m1 at time t4, which is obtained by the arithmetic circuit 106.
supplied to

Further, the value of the indenter pressing force detection output 861 obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force is at the time t6 after the time t4.
If the value V2 of the pressing force setting signal 5104 obtained from the pressing force setting circuit 104 shown in FIG. and it is the control circuit 9
4.

Therefore, the control circuit 94 uses the control signal $94A to cause the motor drive circuit 93 to stop the motor 43 from the time t6 using the drive signal S93, and then starts reversing the motor 43 from the time t7 after a certain period of time has passed from the time t6. Control to start.

Therefore, the motor 43 is activated at time t, as shown in FIG. 3B.
6 to time t7, and starts reversing from time t7, and in response to this, the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 is lowered from time t6 to that point, as shown in FIG. 3C. is stopped and this state is maintained until time t7, so that the height H of the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 maintains the value h1 at time t6 from time t6 to time t7. Then, the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 starts rising from time t7 at the same speed as the descending speed from time tO to time t6.

Further, the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 stops descending from time t6 until then and maintains this state until time t7, so that the indenter 32 correspondingly moves as shown in the third diagram at time t.
6, the descent up to that point is stopped and the state is changed to time t7.
Therefore, the height F of the indenter 32 maintains the value f3 at time t6 from time t6 to time t7, and
The compression FIG of the winding spring 41 maintains the value q2 at time t6 from time t6 to time t7, as shown in FIG. 3E.

However, since the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 rises from time t7, the value of compression ff1G of the winding strip 41 changes from time t7.
Therefore, as time passes, it decreases from the value g2 at time t6.

Furthermore, if the material piece 1 has substantially no elastic restoring force, the indenter 32 will not receive any pushing up force from the material piece 1, so even if the value of the compression 1itG of the winding strip 41 decreases from time t7. , does not substantially increase from time t7. however,
The piece of material 1 generally has an elastic restoring force. Therefore, since the indenter 32 receives a pushing force from the material piece 1, as the value of the compression amount G of the winding strip 41 decreases from time t7, as shown in the third diagram, from time t7, It rises to the point in time t9 when it no longer receives the push-up force from the material piece 1, and therefore,
The height F of the indenter 32 changes from the time t7 to the value f at the time t6.
It rises from 3.

Therefore, the value of the compression ff1G of the winding strip 41 decreases at a slower speed than the rising speed of the indenter pressing shaft valve 25 from time t7 to time t9.

As described above, the indenter 32 rises from time t7 to time t9, and the value of the compression amount G of the winding strip 41 is set to the value for pressing the indenter from time t7 to time t9, as described above. Although it decreases at a slower speed than the shaft valve 25, the indenter 32 does not receive the pushing up force from the material piece 1 from time t9, so the shaft alignment 25 for pressing the indenter remains the same after time t9 as before time t9. The height F of the indenter 32 does not rise even if it rises to
, maintains the value f2 at time t9 from time t9. Therefore, the value of the compression ff1G of the winding thread 41 changes from time t9 to
At the same speed as the rising speed of the indenter pressing axis 25, at time t9
It decreases from the value q1 at .

As mentioned above, the value of the compression IG of the winding spring 41 is determined at the time t.
6 to time t7, maintain the value q2 at time t6,
In addition, from time t7 to time t9, the indenter pressure decreases at a slower rate than the rising speed of the indenter pressing shaft 25, and from time t9 it decreases at the same value as the rising speed of the indenter pressing shaft 25. The engaging element 61c of the pressure detection displacement detector 61 is engaged with the pressure receiving surface 34 of the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32.
The magnetic piece 61b attached to the electromagnetic transformer 61
In the air center of a, from time t6 to time t7,
Although the position at time t6 is maintained, from time t7 to after time t9, the compression ff of the winding strip 41 is lower than the position at time t6.
It increases at the same rate as 1G decreases.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. Takes the value v2, and from time t7 to time t
Even after 9, a value is obtained that decreases with time at a speed corresponding to the rising speed of the magnetic piece 61b, and hence the decreasing speed of the compression ff1G of the winding strip 41.

On the other hand, the height F of the indenter 32 is, as described above, at time t6.
From time t7 to time t7, the value f3 is maintained at time t6, and from time t7 to time t9, it takes a value that increases with time, and from time t9 to time t9, it takes the value f2, but the height of the contactor 71 K continues from time t2 to time t9, and from time t2 to time t9.
Since the value of 2 is set to 1, the upper surface 76 of the receiving piece 75 provided on the contactor 71 of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration
The magnetic piece 81b attached to the engaging element 81C engaged with the electromagnetic transformer 8 is attached to the support piece 39 extending in the radial direction from the pressure receiving part 32b of the indenter 32.
In the air center of 1a, the position at time t6 is maintained from time t6 to time t7, and the height F of the indenter 32 is changed from the position from time t6 to time t7 from time t7 to time t9. decreases at the same rate as the value increases,
From time t9, the position at time t9 is maintained.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3H, the indenter intrusion m detection output S81 from the electromagnetic transformer 81a of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indenter intrusion amount is changed to the value m3 at time t6 from time t6 to time t7. From time t7 to time t9, the value increases with time at a speed corresponding to the descending speed of the magnetic piece 81b, and from time t9, the value m2 at time t9 is obtained.

From the above, as shown in FIG. 3F, the value of the indenter pressing force detection output 861 obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force changes with time from time t7 to the value v at time t6.
2, and the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indenter penetration
The value of the indenter penetration amount detection output S81 obtained from
7 to time t9, f! at time t6 changes over time. It became clear that the value m2 increases from time tm3 and maintains the value m2 at time t9 from time t9;
(Hereinafter, that time will be referred to as time t10 after time t9), if it matches the value v1 of the pressing force setting output 5103 obtained from the pressing force setting circuit 103 shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 3I, pulse PIOIB is obtained as the next pulse after pulse P101, and this pulse P101B is supplied to latch circuit 105.

Therefore, at time t10, the indenter penetration amount detection output 8105B is output from the latch circuit 105 to which the indentation penetration amount detection output S81 obtained from the displacement detector 81 for indentation penetration amount detection is supplied. As the next output, the value of the indenter penetration m detection output S81 at time t10 is multiplied by 1υ, and it is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 106.

Therefore, at time t4, the arithmetic circuit 106 was supplied with the indenter penetration amount detection output 5105A, which equals the value of the indentation penetration amount detection output S81 at time t4, so that the indenter penetration amount detection output 5105A, Now, performance circuit 10
Time t10 of the indenter penetration amount detection output S81 supplied to 6
After the time t10, the difference between the indenter penetration amount detection output 8105B and the indenter penetration amount detection output 8105B having the value of is calculated.

Therefore, the display 92 displays the processing output S91 of the processing circuit 91.
Display the contents of.

Further, the indenter pressing axis 25 continues to rise after the time t9 as well as before the time t9, but the indenter 32 continues to rise as described above.
Since it does not rise from time t9, the pressure receiving portion 32b of the indenter 32 is received by the step receiving surface 30 of the indenter pressing shaft 25 from time t11 after the above-mentioned time t10.

Therefore, the value of compression mG of the winding strip 41 returns from time t11 to the reference value qO before time t3 mentioned above, and
From time t11, the indenter 32 reaches its upper limit at the same speed as its upper limit speed as the indenter pressing axis 25 is aligned.

Furthermore, since the value of the compression ωG of the winding strip 41 returns to the reference value go from time t11, the value of the indenter pressing force detection output 861 obtained from the compression ω pressing force detection displacement detector 61 changes from time t11 to Reference value V. to return to.

Further, since the indenter 32 rises from time t11, the engaging element 71b of the contactor 71 starts moving upward from time t12 after time t11.
is received by the lower end surface 38 of the guide groove 26 of the indenter pressing shaft 25, and therefore, from the position where the contact 71 has been in contact with the surface 1a of the material piece 1 with its contact surface 72 from time t12, It rises at the same speed as the rising speed of the indenter 32.

Furthermore, since the indenter 32 rises from time tll and the contactor 71 rises from time t12 at the same speed as the rising speed of the indenter 32, the magnetic piece 81b of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indentation penetrates into the electromagnetic transformer. In the air center of 81a,
From time t11 to time t"12, the indenter 32 descends at the same speed as the rising speed, and stops descending from time t12. Therefore, the indenter penetration amount detection obtained from the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indenter penetration amount From time t11 to time t12, the value of the output S81 increases over time from the value m2 at time t9 at a speed corresponding to the descending speed of the magnetic piece 81b, and returns to the above-mentioned value m11 from time t12. .

As described above, if the indenter pressing shaft assembly 25 rises together with the indenter 32 from time t11 and its end plate 28 abuts against the flange 17b of the drive shaft 17 at time t14, , the stop switch 48 is activated, and from the stop switch 48, at time t14, the switch K in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a stop signal S48 is obtained and supplied to the control circuit 94.

Therefore, the control circuit 94 controls the motor drive circuit 93 so that the motor 43 stops at time t14 as shown in FIG. 28 returns to the state in which it is in contact with the collar portion 17b of the drive 0&17.

The above is a series of operations of the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A to 2C and FIG.

According to the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A to 2C and FIG. The value of the output 891 obtained is the value of the indenter 32 at the reference value V
. The indenter 32 is pressed into the piece of material 1 with a pressing force that increases through the value V1 to the value V2, making an indentation 51 on the piece of material 1, and then inserts the indenter 32 into the piece of material 1 from the value v2. Reference value V through value V1. The pressing force of the indenter 32 against the material piece 1 when the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 to make an indentation 51 on the material piece 1 when the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 and is separated while applying a pressing force to return to the material piece 1 reaches the value v1. The amount of penetration of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 when removing the material (for simplicity, this is set to ml, which is the same as the value m1 of the indenter penetration amount detection output S81)
Then, the pressing force of the indenter 32 against the material piece 1 when pushing the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 to make an indentation 51 on the material piece 1 and separating the indenter 32 from the material piece 1 is a value v1. The amount of intrusion of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 when removing
It corresponds to the difference in the amount of penetration (m2 - ml) between

Therefore, the difference in penetration amount (ml-m2) can be displayed on the display 92.

By the way, such a difference in the amount of penetration (m2-ml) corresponds to the hardness or tensile strength of the material piece 1, although detailed explanation will be omitted.

Therefore, according to the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A-C and 2, the hardness and tensile strength of the material piece 1 can be measured using the penetration amounts m1 and m2 described above. can.

Further, according to the material test according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A-C and 2, a displacement detector 61 for detecting the pressing force of the indenter against the material piece used to obtain the above-mentioned penetration amounts m1 and m2 is shown. It has an extremely simple configuration.

Roughly speaking, according to the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A-C1 and 2, the above-mentioned intrusion Jim and m2
The means for detecting the intrusion m of the indenter into the material diagonal piece used when obtaining the indenter is the above-mentioned displacement detector 81 for detecting the indenter intrusion amount.
The indenter penetration amount detection output is
This can be obtained directly without being influenced by what kind of surface the surface 3a of the material piece holding body 3 is and how the material piece 1 is held on the material piece holding body 3. Therefore, the above-mentioned intrusions Efi m 1 and m2 can be obtained with accurate values.

Friend 111λ Next, a second embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention will be described.

The second embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention is the same as the material testing machine according to the present invention described above in FIGS. 1A-C and FIG. This embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment.

That is, in the processing circuit 91 shown in FIG. 2, when the indenter pressing force detection output S61 shown in FIG. The resulting figure I
Use P/L, P101A and PlolB shown in
The value m at time t4 of the indenter penetration amount detection output 881 shown in FIG. 3H obtained from the displacement detector 81 for detecting the indentation penetration amount
An indenter penetration amount detection output 5105A having a value of 1 and an indenter penetration amount detection output 8105B having a value m2 at time tlO of the indenter penetration amount detection output s81 are obtained, and the difference between these indentation penetration amount detection outputs 5105A and 105B is obtained. Instead of outputting the calculation output 8106 to the display 92 as the processing output S91, the detailed illustration and explanation will be omitted, but the pulse P101A at the above-mentioned time point t4 and the indenter pressing force detection output s
By using the pulse P102 shown in FIG. 3I obtained when 61 takes the value V2 at time t6, the indenter penetration amount detection output 105A having the value m1 at the above-mentioned time t4 and the indenter penetration amount detection output S81 The indenter penetration amount detection output (this is assumed to be 3105G) having the value m3 at time t6 is obtained, and the calculated output of the difference between these indentation penetration amount detection outputs 5105A and 5105C is displayed as a processing output on the display 92. Output as S91. Note that such a configuration can be easily configured in various ways by those skilled in the art, so further detailed explanation will be omitted.

The above is the configuration of the second embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

The second material testing machine according to the present invention having such a configuration
As it is clear from the above, detailed explanation will be omitted, but the indenter 32 is pressed against the material piece 1 with a pressing force that increases from the reference value 2 through the value V1 to the value V2.
Then, when the indenter 32 is separated from the material piece 1, the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 to make an indentation 51 on the material piece 1. The intrusion of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 when the pressing force of the indenter 32 against the U 13 + piece 1 takes the value V1 when applying the The difference between the intrusion of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 (4 m 3
m3-m, ) can be displayed on the display 92.

By the way, such a penetration M difference (m-ml) corresponds to the yield stress of the material piece 1, although detailed explanation is omitted.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention, the yield stress of the material piece 1 can be measured using the penetration amounts m 1 and m 3 described above.

Example 3 Next, a third example of the material testing machine according to the present invention will be described.

The third embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention is the same as the material testing machine according to the present invention described above in FIGS. 1A to 2C and FIG. This embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment.

That is, in the processing circuit 91 shown in FIG. 2, when the indenter pressing force detection output S61 shown in FIG. Using the pulses P101A and PloIB shown in FIG.
(i
Obtain an indenter penetration M detection output 5105A having m 1 and an indenter penetration amount detection output 3105B having la m 2 at time t10 of the indenter penetration amount detection output 881, and
The calculated output 5106 of the difference between the indenter penetration amount detection outputs 5105A and 105B is displayed on the display 92, and the processed output 891
Instead of outputting as
Using the pulse PIO1B at the time t10 mentioned above and the pulse P102 shown in FIG.
The indenter penetration amount detection output 105B having the value m2 at time t10 described above and the indenter penetration amount detection output 881 at time t6
The indenter penetration amount detection output has the value m3 (this is 810
5G) is obtained, and the calculated output of the difference between these indenter penetration amount detection outputs 5105A and 5105C is output to the display 92 as a processing output S91. It should be noted that since such a structure can be easily constructed in various ways by those skilled in the art, further detailed explanation will be omitted.

The above is the configuration of the second embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

The third material testing machine according to the present invention having such a configuration
According to the embodiment, although detailed explanation will be omitted as it is clear from the above, the indenter 32 is pressed against the material piece 1 with a pressing force increasing from the reference value V through the value V1 to the value v2.
to make an indentation 51 on the piece of material 1, and then move the indenter 32 from the piece of material 1 to the value v2 to the value V1.
through the reference value V. While applying pressure to return to
When the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 when separated and the indentation 51 is made on the material piece to the final depth (when the value of the pressing force of the indenter 32 against the material piece 1 takes V2) Intrusion tl m 3 of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1, and the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 and indentation 5 is made in the material piece 1.
1, the pressing force of the indenter 32 against the material piece 1 when separating the indenter 32 from the material piece 1 is the value V
Intrusion fim2 of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 when taking 1
The amount of infiltration (difference mm2) can be displayed on the display 92.

By the way, such a difference in penetration amount (m - m2) is determined by the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the material piece 1, although detailed explanation will be omitted.
It corresponds to

Therefore, according to the third embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention, the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the material piece 1 can be measured using the above-mentioned intrusions fi1m3 and m2.

Example 4 Next, a fourth example of material testing according to the present invention will be described.

The fourth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the invention has the same configuration as the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the invention described above in FIGS. 1A-C and 2, except for the following: has.

That is, in the processing circuit 91 shown in FIG. 2, when the indenter pressing force detection output 861 shown in FIG. Figure 3 obtained ■
Using the pulses PIOIA and PlolB shown in FIG. 3H, the indenter penetration amount detection output $ having the value m1 at time t4 of the indentation penetration amount detection output S81 shown in FIG. 3H obtained from the displacement detector 81 for detecting indenter penetration m. 105A and an indenter penetration amount detection output 8105B having the value m2 at time t10 of the indentation penetration amount detection output S81, and then calculate the difference between the indentation penetration amount detection outputs 5105A and 105B as an output 31.
06 is output to the display 92 as the processing output S91, and although detailed illustration will be omitted, FIG. Using the pulse P102 shown in FIG. It is output as a processing output 891. Note that such a configuration can be easily configured in various ways by those skilled in the art, so further detailed explanation will be omitted.

The above is the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

The fourth material test method according to the present invention having such a configuration
According to the embodiment, the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 with a pressing force that increases from the reference value V to the value V2, and the material piece is removed. 1 with an indentation 51, and then an indenter 32,
When the indenter 32 is pushed into the material piece 1 when it is separated from the material piece 1 and the indentation 51 is made to the final depth on the material piece (the pressing force of the indenter 32 against the material piece 1 is the value V2
The amount m3 of intrusion of the indenter 32 into the material piece 1 when the indenter 32 is removed can be displayed on the display 92.

By the way, such intrusion fl1m3 corresponds to the creep behavior of the material piece 1, although detailed explanation is omitted.

Therefore, according to the fourth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention, the creep behavior of the material piece 1 can be measured using the above-mentioned penetration amount m3.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C.

The material testing machine according to the invention shown in Figures 4A-C is similar to the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the invention described above in Figures 1A-C and 2, with the following exceptions: It has the following configuration.

That is, the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force shown in FIGS. In addition, by utilizing the shaft hole 37 provided in the suppressing portion 35, an indenter pressing force detector 98 having a fixed strain gauge configuration is replaced.

Further, the winding strip 41 inserted between the pressing surface 36 of the pressing part 35 of the indenter pressing clean sound 25 and the pressing receiving surface 34 of the indenter 32 is connected to the lower surface of the indenter pressing detector 98 and the pressing receiving surface of the indenter 32. It is inserted between the surface 34 and the surface 34.

The above is the configuration of the fifth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention.

According to the structure of the fifth embodiment of the material No. 1 test modification according to the present invention, it has the same structure as that shown in FIG.
-C and the configuration described above in FIG.
The tip 33 of the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1 on the material piece holding body 3.
If it comes into contact with the surface 1a and continues to move downward, the winding strip 41
is compressed, and a force corresponding to the compression convexity is applied to the indenter 32 as a pressing force to press the material piece 1, and at the same time, the indenter pressing force detector 98 outputs an output representing the compression of the winding strip 41. Therefore, the indenter pressing force detector 98 represents the pressing force with which the indenter 32 presses the material piece 1, similar to that obtained from the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force described above in FIGS. An indenter pressing force detection output S61 is obtained.

Therefore, according to the material testing machine according to the fifth invention of the present application, although detailed explanation is omitted, the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention described above in FIGS. 1A to C1 and 2 and 3. The same actions and effects as in the example case are obtained by 1q.

Examples 6, 7 and 8 Next, the sixth, seventh and eighth examples of the material testing machine according to the present invention will be described.

The sixth, seventh and eighth embodiments of the material testing machine according to the present invention are the same as those described above in the second, third and fourth embodiments of the material testing machine according to the present invention, although detailed explanations are omitted. Except for the particulars, this embodiment has the same configuration as the fifth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C and FIG. 2.

The sixth material testing machine according to the present invention having such a configuration
According to the seventh and eighth embodiments, the same effects as the second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention can be obtained, although detailed explanation will be omitted.

The above description has only shown a few examples of the present invention; for example, indentation may be caused by contact instead of fixing the electromagnetic transformer 81a as a stator of the detection displacement detector 81 to the indenter 32. Although the engaging element 81c is fixed to the element 71 and is attached with a magnetic piece 81b as a movable element of the displacement detector 81 for detecting the amount of indentation intrusion, it is brought into contact with the element 71 as a contact element. Alternatively, it is also possible to have a configuration in which the indenter 32 is in contact with the indenter 32, and instead of fixing the electromagnetic transformer 61a as a stator of the displacement detector 61 for indenter pressing force detection to the indenter pressing clean sound 25, the indenter 32, and correspondingly, instead of the engaging element 61c attached with the magnetic piece 61b as a movable element of the displacement detector 61 for detecting the indenter pressing force being brought into contact with the indenter 32, an indenter It is also possible to have a configuration in which it is in contact with the pressing Kiyone 25,
Various other modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 Δ-C is a partially cross-sectional route diagram showing the mechanical system of the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a systematic connection diagram showing the electrical system of the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention. FIGS. 3A-3 are route maps for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 4A=C is a partially cross-sectional route diagram showing the mechanical system of the fifth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention. 1... Material piece 1a... Surface 2... Base body 3... Holder 4... ... Support screw shaft 5.6 ... Lead screw 11 ...... Support column 12 ... Support arm 13 ... Guide shaft Valve 14...End plate 15...Shaft hole 17...Drive shaft 18...Key) 21... Drive wheel 23... Main screw 25... Indenter pressure detector 25a...
...Indenter guide shaft metal part 25b... Clear sound part 26... Guide groove 27... Slit 28... End plate portion 29......Main thread 30......Step receiving surface 31... Spring receiving portion 32......・Indenter 32a...Shaft 32b...Press receiving part 33...Point 34...Press receiving surface 35... ...Press portion 36...Press surface 37...Shaft hole 38...Lower end port 39... ... Support piece 41 ... ... Winding strip 43 ... Motor 44 ... Drive wheel 45 ...... Bell 1- 47...Switch mounting piece 48...
...Stop switch 48a...Movable contact 49...Switch receiving piece 51...Indentation 61...・Displacement detector 6 for detecting indenter pressing force
1a... Differential transformer 61b... Magnetic piece 61c... Engagement element 62... Engaging portion 65...・Mounting tool 65a... Mounting plate part 65b... Shaft insertion hole 66... Rotating pulse generator 66a...
......Shaft 67...Coupling 75...Batch 76...Top surface 81... ...Displacement detector 8 for detecting indenter penetration m
1a... Electromagnetic transformer 81b... Magnetic piece 81c... Engagement element 82... Engaging portion 91... Processing circuit 92... Display unit 93... Motor drive circuit, 94...
...Control circuit 95...Start switch 98...
...... Indenter pressure detector 101.102 ...... Comparison circuit 103.104 ...... Pressing force setting circuit 105 ...... Latch circuit 106 ...... Arithmetic circuit Plol... Pulse 101A ...... First pulse l0 of pulse P101
IB ・・・・・・Pulse P10 next to pulse P101
2...Pulse P66...Pulse train S48...Stop signal S61...Indenter pressing force detection output 881...
... Indenter penetration amount detection output 891 ... Processing output 893 ... Motor drive signal 594A ... Control signal 894B ... Control signal 895 ... Start signal 5105. 5105A, 5105B ......Indenter penetration ω detection output 8106...
Computation output

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A material piece holding body that holds a material piece; an indenter that presses into the material piece to make an indentation on the material piece; an indenter pressing member for pressing the material, an indenter pressing force detecting means for detecting the indenter pressing force with which the indenter presses the material piece, and an indenter pressing force detecting means for detecting the indenter pressing force with which the indenter presses the material piece; In a material testing machine, the indenter penetration amount detection means includes a contact element that contacts the material piece from its surface, and a displacement detector for detecting an indenter penetration amount that has a stator and a movable element. a stator of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation penetration is fixed to either the indenter or the contactor,
A material testing machine characterized in that the movable element of the displacement detector for detecting the amount of indentation intrusion has its free end in contact with the other of the indenter and the contactor.