JPS63216229A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 4 [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an actuator used as a drive mechanism for, for example, a switch.

[Prior art] Conventionally, as a switch using an actuator, the
There is one disclosed in No. 0-216423. In this actuator, when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic element 26, the displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic element 26 is caused by the hinge 27.
is converted into the displacement of the lever 28 through Performing opening/closing operations.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-described actuator, the lever 28 receives the displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic element 26 and buckles the leaf spring 27 to keep the contact in the closed state. It is susceptible to residual strain and strain caused by temperature changes in the materials of members such as the lever 28, hinge 27, and leaf spring 29.

Since the buckling state of the leaf spring 29 is not constant and the operation is not stable, the actuator lacks reliability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to minimize the effects of residual strain in the piezoelectric ceramic element and temperature changes in the materials of each member, and to reduce the impact force caused by dimensional displacement of the piezoelectric element. Another object of the present invention is to provide an extremely reliable actuator that can hold a moving member in a fixed position by the attraction and holding force of a permanent magnet, and that operates stably.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, in order to achieve the above object, the actuator of the present invention moves the movable member made of a magnetic material from the first position to the second position.
a permanent magnet that attracts and holds the movable member in the second position; a permanent magnet that is disposed corresponding to the first position and is previously in the first position; The present invention is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric element that presses the member with an impact force when the member undergoes dimensional displacement due to the application of an electric signal, and moves the member to a position where suction and holding force is applied at the second position.

[Function] The movable member held at the first position is pressed by the impact force when the piezoelectric element is driven, and moves to the position where the attraction and holding force of the permanent magnet at the second position acts, and is moved by the permanent magnet. It is held by suction in the second position.

[Example] The following is a first example of the actuator according to the present invention.
The explanation will be based on the drawings in FIGS. (a) and (b).

This actuator is connected to a main body cover 3 provided on the main body 1 with respect to a pair of coaxial connectors 2.2 attached to the main body 1.
A movable member 5 equipped with contacts 4 is disposed inside the movable member 5, and by sliding the movable member 5, the contacts 4 are brought into contact with and separated from the center conductors 6, 6 of each coaxial connector 2, 2, and turned on and off. It shall be applied as follows.

The main body 1 forms the base of the switch, and has an opening 1a at the bottom.
It is shaped like a lid. A pair of coaxial connectors 2.2 are arranged side by side on the upper surface of the main body 1, and the center conductors 6, 6 of each of the coaxial connectors 2.2 are provided to protrude from the opening 1a.

Further, a main body cover 3 is attached to the bottom of the main body 1. This main body cover 3 is formed into a box shape, and a guide hole 7 is formed in the center of the upper plate 3a and the lower plate 3b. A shaft 8 to which a movable member 5 is fixed is provided in the guide hole 7 at an intermediate position so as to pass therethrough.

In addition, a plate-shaped contact 4 is fixed at the tip of the shaft 8,
Both ends of this contact 4 are in contact with each center conductor 6.6. This shaft 8 runs along the guide hole 7 from the first position where the contact 4 contacts the center conductor 6.6 and turns on, to the second position where the contact 4 turns off and contacts the upper surface of the upper plate 3a of the main body cover 3. It is movable. This actuator uses one piezoelectric element (piezoelectric ceramic element) 9 and one permanent magnet lO to move the moving member 5 along the axis 8, and electrically switches from on to off. ing.

The moving member 5 has a rectangular shape and is made of a magnetic material. A plate spring 11 is provided between one side of the moving member 5 and the inner side of the main body cover 3. This leaf spring 11 urges the movable member 5 upward, and holds the contact 4 in the first position, that is, in the on state, when the piezoelectric element 9 is not driven.

The piezoelectric element 9 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper plate 3a of the main body force/pull-3, and is made of steel provided on the upper surface of the moving member 5.

It is in contact with the ball 12. This piezoelectric element 9 undergoes a dimensional displacement in the form of an impact upon the application of a voltage signal, and the impact force generated due to this dimensional displacement concentrates on the steel ball 12 and presses the moving member 5, causing the leaf spring 11 to Overcoming the force, the shaft 8 is slid downward to release the contact 4 from the on state.

The permanent magnet 10 is provided on the upper surface of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3, and is arranged to face the piezoelectric element 9 with the moving member 5 in between. This permanent magnet 1O is activated when the contact 4 is switched off and the movable member 5 is pushed to the position where the attraction and holding force is applied by the force of the piezoelectric element 9, that is, when the contact 4 reaches the second position. When this happens, the movable member 5 is held by suction with a certain gap 13 in between. Note that the gap 13 is provided to reduce misalignment between the first position and the second position caused by effects such as distortion due to temperature changes in each member.

Further, the guide hole 7 and the leaf spring 11 constitute a holding member that holds the movable member 5 movably from the first position to the second position.

Furthermore, this actuator is switched from off to on by manual operation. That is, the lower end of the shaft 8 that protrudes from the guide hole 7 of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3 in the off state constitutes the return lever 14. Therefore, by pushing up the return lever 14 and bringing the contacts 4 into conduction with each center conductor 6, the switch is turned on.

In the configuration shown below, when the piezoelectric element 9 is driven, the contact 4 is released from the on state and turned off by the force of the piezoelectric element 9, and the movable member 5 moves along the axis 8 and is permanently closed. @Move to the position where the suction and holding force of stone 1o is applied. When the contact point 4 reaches the second position, the permanent magnet 1o attracts and holds the moving member 5, and the switching from on to off is performed.

Further, to return from on to off, the return lever 14 is pushed up and the contacts 4 are electrically connected to each center conductor 6.6.

Therefore, according to the above-mentioned actuator, the force for moving the moving member 5 can be sufficiently obtained by the impact force generated when the piezoelectric element 9 is dimensionally displaced, without being increased by a lever or the like as in the conventional case. In addition, since the moving member 5 is attracted and held by the permanent magnet 10, the moving member 5
can be stably held in place. Furthermore, since the movable member 5 is attracted and held by the permanent magnet 10 across the gap 13, the effects of distortion and the like due to temperature changes on each member can be reduced.

Next, the actuator of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) is provided with a coil spring 15 in place of the plate spring 11 of the first embodiment.

This coil spring 15 is connected to a shaft 8 between the lower surface of the moving member 5 and the upper surface of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3, as shown in FIG. 2(a).
The contact 4 is held in the on state. In this case as well, switching between on and off is performed in the same way as when using the leaf spring 11.

Further, by using the coil spring 15, more stable operation can be obtained compared to the plate spring 11.

Next, the actuator of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) uses a permanent magnet 1 instead of the plate spring 11 and coil spring 15 of each of the above-described embodiments to hold the contact 4 in the on state.
6 is provided. This permanent magnet 16 is attached to the main body cover 3
It is disposed on the lower surface of the upper plate 3a, and is arranged symmetrically with the permanent magnet lO that holds the contact 4 in the off state with the movable member 5 in between. In other words, the permanent magnet 16 attracts the movable member 5 from the upper surface of the movable member 5 with a certain gap 13 therebetween, and holds the contact 4 in the ON state.

Therefore, the movable member 5 is stably attracted to the fixed position, and the moving member 5 is turned on.
It is possible to maintain the off state. Furthermore, since the permanent magnet 16 attracts and holds the movable member 5 across the gap 13, it is less susceptible to distortions and the like due to temperature changes in each member.

Next, the actuator of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) holds the contact 4 in the first position and the second position, that is, holds the contact 4 at the time of switching on and off. This is done using a permanent magnet 10. For this purpose, the moving member 5 includes an upper piece 5a and a lower piece 5b, which are fixed to the shaft 8 at a constant interval, and a permanent magnet 10 is disposed between the upper piece 5a and the lower piece 5b. It is set up. One bar of the permanent magnet 10 attracts the lower piece 5b and holds the contact 4 in the first position of the ON state. Further, when the moving member 5 is pressed and moved by the impact force of the piezoelectric element 9 and the lower piece 5b comes into contact with the upper surface of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3, the other rod of the permanent magnet 10 attracts the lower piece 5a and contacts the contact point. 4 is held in the off state in the second position.

Note that the second position here refers to the position of the contact point 4 when the lower piece 5b is in contact with the main body cover 3.

Further, a leaf spring 11 is provided between the moving member 5 and the main body cover 3.
is provided, but this is to make the operation more stable, and since the on state and off state are held by the permanent magnet 10, there is no problem in removing it.

Therefore, according to the above configuration, since one permanent magnet lO is used to maintain the on state and off state, the number of parts constituting the actuator can be reduced compared to the third embodiment described above.

Further, the permanent magnet 10 is connected to the upper piece 5a and the lower piece 5b of the moving member 5.
The actuator can be made more compact.

Next, in the actuator of the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), a piezoelectric element 17 is provided in place of the manual operation from OFF to ON using the return lever 14 of each embodiment described above. It is electrically switched on and off. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 17 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3, and the piezoelectric element 17 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3, and is connected to the contact point 4 with the moving member 5 in between.
The piezoelectric element 9 is arranged symmetrically with the piezoelectric element 9 that releases the on state. That is, when this piezoelectric element 17 is driven in the OFF state, the impact force at the time of its dimensional displacement presses and moves the movable member 5 from the lower surface, and the contact point 4 is moved to each center conductor 6.
6 to release the off state and return to the on state.

Therefore, manual operation such as pushing up the shaft 8 is not required, so that there is no need for operational effort.

Next, in the actuator of the sixth embodiment shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the moving member 5 rotates, unlike the actuator in which the moving member 5 of each embodiment described above slides. . In other words, the movable member 5 pivotally supported by the main body cover 3 rotates, and the contacts 4 of the movable member 5 come into contact with and separate from the center conductors 6.6 of the pair of coaxial connectors 2.2 fixed to the main body 1. It turns on and off.

A pair of coaxial connectors 2.2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the main body 1 so as to be vertically offset from each other, and the center conductor 6.6 of each coaxial connector 2.2 protrudes from the opening 1a. A guide hole 18 having a larger diameter than the guide hole 7 of the embodiment described above is formed in the center of the upper plate 3a and lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3 provided at the bottom of the main body 1. Further, a guide shaft 19 is fixed to the main body cover 3, and the moving member 5 is rotatably supported on the guide shaft 19. A contact 4 is fixed at the tip of the moving member 5, and one end of the contact 4 is in contact with the lower surface of one center conductor 6, and the other end is in contact with the upper surface of the other center conductor 6. Furthermore, a torsion coil spring 20 is attached to the guide shaft 19.
is provided. One end of this torsion coil spring 20 is attached to the moving member 5, and the other end is in contact with the lower surface of the upper plate 3a of the main body cover 3, and biases the moving member 5 in a direction that prevents rotation. Therefore, the movable member 5 moves from a first position where the contacts 4 contact each center conductor 6.6 and turn on, to a second position where the lower end of the movable member 5 abuts the circumferential surface of the guide hole 18 and turns off. The guide shaft 19 is rotatable around the guide shaft 19.

That is, in this actuator, in order to rotate the movable member 5 around the guide shaft 19, it takes one
Switching from on to off is performed electrically using three piezoelectric elements 21 and one permanent magnet 22.

As shown in the figure, the piezoelectric element 21 is disposed on the inner surface of the left side plate 3C of the main body cover 3, and is in contact with the steel ball 12 provided on one side of the moving member 5. This piezoelectric element 21 has the same structure as the piezoelectric element 9 of the above-described embodiment, and the impact force of the piezoelectric element 21 overcomes the negative force of the torsion coil spring 20 and releases the contact 4 from the on state. At the same time, this impact force concentrates on the steel ball 12 and presses the moving member 5, causing the moving member 5 to rotate around the guide shaft load 9.

Further, the moving member 5 is provided with a protruding piece 5C extending in the direction in which the piezoelectric element 21 is pressed. Further, a permanent magnet 22 is disposed on the locus of movement of the protruding piece 5C as the moving member 5 rotates. This permanent magnet 22 is activated when the movable member 5 rotates to the position where the attraction and holding force acts due to the impact force of the piezoelectric element 21, that is, when the lower end of the movable member 5
When the position reaches the OFF state, the protruding piece 5C is held under suction with a certain gap 13 in between, as in the embodiment described above.

Note that the guide hole 18, the guide shaft 19, and the torsion coil spring 20 constitute a holding member.

Also, in the off state, the guide hole 1 of the lower plate 3b of the main body cover 3
The lower end of the movable member 5 protruding from the 8 constitutes a return lever 23. Therefore, switching from off to on is performed manually by pushing back the return lever 23 in the opposite direction to the rotational direction to bring the contacts 4 into electrical continuity with each center conductor 6.6.

In the above configuration, when the piezoelectric element 21 is driven, the ? The contact 4 is released from the on state by the trS force, and the moving member 5 rotates around the guide shaft 19. When the protruding piece 5c of the moving member 5 reaches the second position, the permanent magnet 22 attracts and holds the protruding piece 5c of the moving member 5, thereby switching from on to off.

Also, to return from OFF to ON, push back the return lever 23 in the opposite direction to the rotating direction to connect the contact 4 to each center conductor 6.6.
Make it conductive.

Next, in the actuator of the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), one permanent magnet 24 electrically performs holding during on/off switching. Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 is formed in a U-shape, and the permanent magnet 24 has both sides 24a.

24b is disposed within the main body cover 3 so as to sandwich the protruding piece 5c of the moving member 5. That is, the pole on one side 24a of the permanent magnet 24 attracts and holds the bottom surface of the protrusion 5c in the on state, and the pole on the other side 24b attracts and holds the top surface of the protrusion 5c in the off state. . Therefore, in this actuator, the contact 4 can be held in the ON state by the permanent magnet 24, so the number of parts constituting the actuator can be reduced without providing the torsion coil spring 20 described in the sixth embodiment, and when switching between ON and OFF. can be held stably.

By the way, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the piezoelectric element is 9°17.2
A steel ball 12 is used to concentrate and transmit the impact force generated at the time of dimensional displacement of 1 to the moving member 5, and the impact force is concentrated by point contact, and the force is absorbed in other directions by uneven contact due to surface contact. However, in addition to the structure using this steel ball 12, a triangular protrusion 25 is formed on the movable member 5 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the piezoelectric elements 9, 17, 21 may be formed with sharpened tips.

Further, the actuator of each of the above-mentioned embodiments is driven as a switch that turns on and off between the center conductors 6, 6 of a pair of coaxial connectors 2, 2 by moving the contacts 4, but it can also be used as a switch, such as a fuse, for example. It can also be applied to monostable devices that do not easily recover once activated.

Furthermore, these actuators can also be used to protect the output circuit of a wideband signal generator in a protector from being energized or to protect the input circuit of a highband level meter from overpower.

Further, although the piezoelectric element of the actuator according to the present invention is driven by voltage, if a circuit for converting current to voltage is provided, it can also be applied as an overcurrent protection circuit for a breaker.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the actuator of the present invention, the movable member held at the first position is pressed by the impact force when the piezoelectric element is driven, and the permanent magnet at the second position is moved. It moves to a position where an attractive and holding force is applied, and is attracted and held in a second position by a permanent magnet, so the force for moving the moving member is applied to the piezoelectric element instead of using the enlarged side as in the past. The impact force at the time of dimensional displacement is sufficient to stably hold the movable member in position.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the first embodiment of the actuator according to the present invention, FIG. 2(a),
(b) is a diagram showing the configuration and operation of the second embodiment of the same actuator, FIGS. 3(a) and (b) are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the third embodiment of the same actuator, and FIG. )
. (b) is a diagram showing the configuration and operation of the fourth embodiment of the same actuator, FIGS. 5(a) and (b) are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the fifth embodiment of the same actuator, and FIG. 6(a) )
, (b) are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the sixth embodiment of the same actuator, FIG. 7 (a>, (b) are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the seventh embodiment of the same actuator, and FIG. 8 ( a
). (b) is a partially enlarged view of a moving member and a piezoelectric element showing a configuration in place of a steel ball in the actuator of each embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of a conventional actuator. 5... Moving member, 7... Guide hole (holding member), 8
...IPIiI (holding member), 9.17.21...
Piezoelectric element t, 10, 16.22=-permanent magnet, 15-...
Coil spring (holding member), 18... guide hole (holding member), 19--guide shaft (holding member), 20... torsion coil spring (holding member). Patent Applicant Anri Co., Ltd. Agent/Patent Attorney Norihiro Nishimura Nose tube 1 diagram (0) Figure 1 (b) Figure 2 (a)
Figure 2 (b) Threat 1 3 Figure (a) Figure 3 (b) Figure 4 (a) Figure 4 (b) Figure 5 (0) Figure 5 (b) Figure 6 (0) Figure 6 (b) Figure 7 (0) Figure 7 (b)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) a holding member that movably holds a movable member made of a magnetic material from a first position to a second position; a permanent magnet that attracts and holds the movable member in the second position; The movable member, which is arranged corresponding to the position, is pressed by an impact force when dimensional displacement occurs due to the application of an electric signal, and is moved to a position where the suction and holding force is applied at the second position. An actuator characterized by comprising a piezoelectric element and. (2) The movable member is previously attracted and held at the first position by a permanent magnet, and the attraction and holding force is released by an impact force when the piezoelectric element undergoes dimensional displacement due to the application of an electric signal. The actuator according to item 1. (3) The movable member held by suction at the second position is moved to the first position by an impact force when the piezoelectric element disposed corresponding to the second position undergoes dimensional displacement due to the application of an electric signal. An actuator according to claim 1, which is restored.