JPS63210090A - Organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to an organic fertilizer that can be applied as a liquid fertilizer.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, organic fertilizers contain the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus (phosphoric acid), and potassium (potassium carbonate), as well as various minerals such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, and zinc, as well as plant physiological activities such as vitamins and amino acids. It has been used as a base fertilizer because it contains a suitable amount of substances, the residue that remains after decomposition works effectively in crop cultivation in the form of humus, and it is slow-release.

On the other hand, inorganic fertilizers have the following characteristics: they are quick-acting, easy to mix each element, can apply the desired amount of elements, can be easily used as liquid fertilizer, and are easy to handle. By having this, it is possible to apply fertilizer as additional fertilizer when the fertilizer runs out. Furthermore, inorganic fertilizers are widely used in mulch cultivation, fertilization using water supply equipment, and the like.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, although inorganic fertilizers are fast-acting, they run off and need to be applied frequently, and when used at high concentrations, there is a risk of concentration disturbances. In addition, inorganic fertilizers have the problem of accumulating salts in the soil, which causes soil deterioration.Furthermore, crops grown with inorganic fertilizers have lower quality, such as taste and color, than those grown with organic fertilizers. There is also the problem of being inferior. For this reason, farming methods using organic fertilizers have recently been attracting attention, but organic fertilizers do not have the fast-acting properties of inorganic fertilizers, and other fertilizers are mixed in to create fertilizers that contain the desired elements. It is difficult to apply fertilizer, especially to use it as top dressing, and solid fertilizer cannot be converted into liquid fertilizer, so it is not possible to use water supply equipment such as water pipes installed to streamline fertilization work. There was a problem that the scope of use was limited.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems, and by processing organic fertilizers such as fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, etc., it is possible to easily mix them with inorganic fertilizers, and moreover, it can be made into liquid fertilizer. It can be used as a top-dressing fertilizer to increase its fast-acting properties, and can be applied using a sprayer or through water supply equipment such as water pipes, expanding the scope of its use. The goal is to provide organic fertilizer that can be used.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, the present invention relates to an organic fertilizer characterized by pulverizing an organic substance or a fertilizer mainly containing an organic substance into a fine powder with a particle size of 70 mesosinus or less and having a water-suspendability. Mix to improve water dispersibility,
and/or an organic fertilizer comprising a water-suspended soil microorganism mixture containing useful microorganisms.

Next, the organic fertilizer according to the present invention will be explained in more detail.

In this invention, "organic matter" refers to naturally occurring agricultural materials, such as fishmeal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, crab shell,
Refers to materials commonly used as organic fertilizers, such as chicken manure, peat moss, wheat gluten, rice bran, and humic acid. The Ja-containing fertilizer according to the present invention mainly contains fine powder of these organic substances or fine powder of these organic substances, and a surfactant is added to the fine powder to improve its dispersibility in water. In some cases, useful microorganisms are added to fine powder, and if necessary, inorganic fertilizer is added. Microorganisms that are useful in agriculture are cultivated using organic materials such as wheat gluten and rice bran.

Further, the critical significance of setting the particle size of the fine powder to 70 mesh or less is clear from the graph shown in the drawing showing the change in sedimentation rate over time due to the difference in particle size. In this graph, time is plotted on the horizontal axis, and sedimentation rate of fine organic powder is plotted on the vertical axis. From this graph, the sedimentation rate of particles with a particle size of 70 mesh is about 50% in about 2 minutes, and when fine powder with this particle size is suspended in water,
When spraying for fertilization, the organic fertilizer is water-suspended and is in a suspended state, so the fine powder of the organic fertilizer is in a fluid state in water. Therefore, the sedimentation rate becomes even slower, and if the particle size is 70 mesosier or less, it can be put to practical use.

Furthermore, natural organic substances generally contain oil and fat bones, and the finer the particle size, the worse the water dispersibility and the more difficult it is to suspend in water. Therefore, by mixing a surfactant with the fine powder of the organic substance, the fine powder of the organic substance is imparted with hydrophilicity and water dispersibility is improved, so that the fine powder of the organic substance is suspended in water. In this case, it is desirable to use a nonionic surfactant as the surfactant. The reason for this is that the nonionic surfactant does not adversely affect the useful microorganisms mixed with it or the growth of crops after fertilization, and moreover, it gradually decomposes after fertilization and becomes nutrients for the microorganisms used for crops. Specific examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene.
e) fatty acid esters, such as polyoxyethylene monolaurate (ρolyoxyethylene M
onolaurate), polyoxyethylene monopalmitate (Mono
palmiLaLe), polyoxyethylene monostearate (monos
polyoxyethylene monoolea
Le), polyoxyethylene trioleate (poly
oxyethylene Triolea Le), etc. The amount of surfactant used is approximately 1-1 by weight.
0%, preferably in the range of approximately 1 to 5%. In addition to improving the water dispersibility of such fine powders, surfactants can also work effectively in cultivation by smoothing the absorption of nutrients by crops by mixing them and applying fertilizer. Useful microorganisms include microorganisms that promote the decomposition of organic matter, microorganisms that compete with pathogenic microorganisms, microorganisms that produce amino acids, vitamins, etc., microorganisms that dissolve phosphate compounds into a form that can be absorbed by plants, and microorganisms that fix atmospheric nitrogen. etc., refers to microorganisms that have a beneficial effect on plant growth.

(Function) Next, as a fertilization method of the japanese fertilizer according to the present invention, it is possible to mix it into the soil as a fine powder and apply it,
In particular, due to its water-suspending properties, it can be suspended in water,
It can be used similar to liquid fertilizer. In this case, for example, in the case of a small amount, it is possible to apply fertilizer using a watering can, and in the case of a large amount, it is possible to use a sprayer, or if there is a water supply facility such as a farm, use the water supply facility to apply the fertilizer. You can also do it. In this case, since the organic fertilizer according to the present invention is in the form of a fine powder, the phenomenon that, for example, the hole in the water supply nozzle is blocked and fertilization becomes impossible does not occur.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above explanation, the organic fertilizer according to the present invention is a fine powder consisting of organic matter or mainly organic matter, so it can be mixed uniformly into the soil and has a large surface area, so it has an effective effect on plants. However, by further increasing the fertilizing ability of organic matter and supplementing soil organic matter, soil fertility can be cultivated, and fertilizers can be applied in a state that facilitates microbial habitat. Moreover, it can be made into a fertilizer that is convenient to store, handle, etc., and can be easily blended with other fertilizers (inorganic fertilizers), etc., so that a desired blended fertilizer can be produced. In addition, since the organic matter is made into a fine powder of 70 mesh or less, the organic fertilizer itself becomes water-suspended, and the organic fertilizer is maintained in a water-suspended state for a long time. Phenomena such as precipitation of organic matter do not occur, so it can be used like a conventional liquid fertilizer, and the concentration can be easily adjusted. In addition, when fertilizer is applied, it permeates into the soil, so it will not be washed away by rainwater, etc., and especially in places where there is water supply equipment, it is possible to apply fertilizer using water supply equipment such as water pipes. It is now possible to use top-dressing, where only inorganic fertilizers could be used up until now, expanding the scope of use of organic fertilizers. Therefore, there are no problems caused by the application of inorganic fertilizers, and it is possible to cultivate crops that take advantage of the characteristics of organic fertilizers as described above, which has the excellent effect of making completely organic farming possible. By adding a surfactant to the fine powder of organic matter, it is possible to increase the water dispersibility of the fine powder and improve its suspension, as well as to smooth the absorption of nutrients at the surface layer of plants during crop cultivation. Therefore, mixing a surfactant not only improves the water dispersibility of fine powder, but also has the effect of promoting the growth of crops. Furthermore, nonionic surfactants also have the effect of providing nutrients to plants after fertilization. Furthermore, if useful microorganisms are added, the growth of crops can be further promoted by the action of the useful microorganisms.

〔Example〕

Examples of the organic fertilizer according to the present invention will be shown below, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Organic formulation having a composition of 10 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 11.5 parts of urea, 16.5 parts of pyrite, 11.5 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of humic acid, and 55 parts of magnesium lime. Fertilizer is pulverized by an impact-type crusher, and the composition is a mixture of about 30% of fine powder with a particle size of 70 to 170 mesoyu and about 70% of fine powder with a particle size of less than 170 mesoyu. I got a body. Next, this fine powder was mixed with sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ((9o1yoxyethylene
lene 5orbitan Monooleate
) A nonionic liquid surfactant, fatty acid ester of polyoxyethylene sorbitan] was added in an amount of about 1% by weight,
Mix well. In this way, a water-suspended organic fertilizer according to the present invention is obtained.

Example 2 An organic compound fertilizer containing 5:5 humic acid, 3:3 fish meal, 3:3 soybean meal, 1:1 rapeseed meal, 1:1 of fertilized stone, and 20:1 of soil microorganism wheat culture was added to 70 mesos. The composition is a mixture of approximately 30% fine powder with a particle size of 70 to 170 mesh and approximately 70% fine powder with a smaller particle size of 170 mesh or less. A fine noodle of organic compound fertilizer was obtained. Next, sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene (ρolyoxyeth) was added to 98 parts of the fine powder of this organic compound fertilizer.
ylene 5orbitan MonoooIate
) were mixed together to obtain an organic fertilizer according to the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a graph showing the change in sedimentation rate over time due to the difference in particle size of fine powder of organic matter. Kazuichi→Kakumasu)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Organic matter or fertilizer containing mainly organic matter with a particle size of 70
An organic fertilizer characterized by being pulverized into a fine powder of mesh size or smaller and having water-suspendability. (2) The organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a surfactant. (3) The organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises a water-suspended soil microorganism mixture containing useful microorganisms.