JPS63205471A - Variable displacement compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To check rotation of a rocking plate without fail, by constituting a rotation checking mechanism of the rocking plate with a cylindrical block being formed with a vertically split groove at the tip and a guide plate whose one side edge is fitted in this cylindrical block's vertically split groove. CONSTITUTION:A swash plate 27 is set up in a crankcase 14 to be formed between a cylinder block 11 and a front end plate 13, and connected to a driving shaft 25 so as to be variable in a tilt angle. A radial hole 32 is formed in a lower position on the circumference of a rocking plate 29, and a cylindrical block 33 is set up in this hole 32. In a lower part of the crankcase 14, there is provided with a guide plate 35 in parallel with the driving shaft 25. A vertically split groove 34 of the cylindrical block 33 is fitted from an upper edge of this guide plate 35. Thus, rotation of the rocking plate 29 is surely checked.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a swash plate type compressor, and in particular, the invention relates to a swash plate type compressor, in particular, a compressor in which the inclination angle of the swash plate is made variable so that the compression capacity can be changed by changing the inclination angle of the swash plate. The present invention relates to a variable capacity compressor.

[Prior art]

A swash plate type compressor is known in which a swash plate is rotated to cause a oscillating plate to swing and reciprocate a piston. In such a swash plate type compressor, in order to change the compression capacity, the angle of the swash plate with respect to the drive shaft is variable, and the compression capacity can be controlled by controlling the inclination angle of the swash plate. For example, the compressor of JP-A-56-77
No. 578.

In a swash plate compressor, it is necessary to prevent rotation of the oscillating plate. Two examples of such a rotation prevention mechanism for the rocking plate include a mechanism in which a bevel gear is provided at the center of the rocking plate and meshes with a fixed bevel gear, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-29040. It will be done.

However, in the above-mentioned variable compression capacity type, the swash plate and the swing plate move along the drive shaft as the inclination angle of the swash plate changes. It is not possible to prevent rotation in the center of the moving plate.

In order to solve this problem, in JP-A-56-77578, as shown in FIG. Hollow bearing 101 to slide along the rod
Rotation is prevented by a configuration in which a pair of semi-cylindrical sliding metal members 102, 102 that abut the outer surface of the bearing are slidably fitted into a guide hole provided on the outer periphery of the rocking plate. ing.

[Problems to be solved] In this rotation prevention mechanism, a pair of metal members 102.1
With the hollow bearing 101 held between the hollow bearings 102 and 102, the pair of base metal members 102 and 102 are fitted into the guide holes of the rocking plate, and the guide rod 1 is inserted into the hollow bearing 101.
It is necessary to assemble it into the compressor housing while maintaining the assembled state in which 00 is inserted through the compressor housing. At this time, slide metal member 1
02°102 is easy to pull out from the guide hole, and there is a risk that the combined state of the two-rotation prevention mechanism may be disrupted. Therefore, the work of assembling it into the compressor housing is difficult and extremely complicated.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to assemble a structure that allows each component to be assembled into a housing one by one, instead of assembling a plurality of components in advance in a state where they tend to come apart and then incorporating them into a housing. A variable capacity compressor equipped with a simple rotation prevention mechanism is provided.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a housing having a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders, a front end plate facing the cylinder block and supporting a drive shaft, and a housing having a cylinder block and a front end plate. a swash plate disposed in a crank chamber formed between the two and connected to the drive shaft so as to have a variable inclination; and a oscillation plate that swings by rotation of the swash plate and causes the piston to reciprocate within the cylinder; A variable capacity compressor having a rotation prevention mechanism that prevents rotation of the oscillating plate, and in which the stroke of the piston changes according to a change in the inclination angle of the swash plate, and the compression capacity changes. The blocking mechanism is
a columnar block held at a predetermined position on the outer periphery of the rocking plate so as to be rotatable and non-removable in the radial direction of the rocking plate, and having a vertical groove formed at its tip; and a vertically divided columnar block. This variable capacity compressor is characterized by comprising a guide plate whose one side edge is fitted into a groove.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration, the vertical groove of the columnar block fits into the guide plate supported by the cylinder block and the front end plate, and the columnar block is rotatably provided within the rocking plate. Rotation of the rocking plate is prevented by a guide plate via a columnar block. On the other hand, the movement of the rocking plate in the drive axis direction is possible because the columnar block is slidable along the guide plate.

When assembling, one end of the guide plate is attached to the cylinder block inside the housing, while the columnar block is held on the outer periphery of the rocking plate so that it cannot fall off. It can be assembled into the housing while being fitted onto the guide plate. Assembly is then performed by attaching the front end plate onto the housing after assembling other parts.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, a housing 1o has a cylinder block 11 at one end. A plurality of cylinders 12 (only one is shown in the figure) are formed in the cylinder block 11 . The other end of the housing 1o is closed by a front end plate 13, and a crank chamber 14 is formed between the front end plate 13 and the cylinder block 11.

A cylinder head 18 is installed on the end surface of the cylinder block 11 via a valve plate 17 having a suction hole 15 and a discharge hole 16 .

The cylinder head 18 includes a suction chamber 19 selectively connected to the cylinder 12 through the suction hole 15 .

The discharge chamber 20 is selectively connected to the cylinder 12 via the discharge hole 16. Note that 21° and 22 represent a suction valve and a discharge valve, respectively. The cylinder head 18 is provided with a fluid inlet 23 and an outlet 24, which are connected to the suction chamber 19 and the discharge chamber 2o, respectively, and are connected to an external fluid circuit (not shown).

The ffi moving shaft 25u extends from the outside of the front end plate 13 into the crank chamber 14, and is rotatably supported by the front end plate 13 and the cylinder block 11.

A rotor 26 is fixed to the drive shaft 25 and is rotatable together with the drive shaft 25. A swash plate 27 is hinged to the rotor 26 at -728. Therefore, the swash plate 27 can also rotate together with the rotation of the drive shaft 25.
However, because of the hinge connection, the angle of inclination with respect to the drive shaft 25 is variable.

A swing plate 29 is rotatably mounted on the end face of the swash plate 27 facing the cylinder block 11. A piston rod 30 is loosely coupled to the outer periphery of this rocking plate. A piston 31 slidably provided within the cylinder 12 is coupled to the other end of the piston rod 3o.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, a radial hole 32 is formed at a lower position on the outer periphery of the rocking plate 29, and two cylindrical blocks 33 are arranged in this hole 32. , hole 32
It is held in the hole 32 by caulking the edges (32a) so that it cannot fall off.

Referring to FIG. 2, there are two cylindrical blocks 33.

A vertical groove 34 is formed in the axial direction from the lower end surface.

With reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, the crank chamber 1
A guide plate 35 is arranged below the drive shaft 25 in parallel with the drive shaft 25, and the vertical grooves 34 of the two cylindrical blocks 33 are fitted from the upper edge of the guide plate 35. The upper edge of the guide plate 35 has a downwardly convex arc shape 36 as shown in FIG.

Both ends of the guide plate 35 are supported by the front end plate 13 and the cylinder block, respectively.

A cylindrical block 33 attached to the swing plate 29.

Cylinder block 11 and front end plate 1
The rotation of the rocking plate 29 is prevented by the guide plate 35 supported at 3.

The cylinder block 11 and the valve plate 17 have communication holes 4 for communicating the crank chamber 14 and the suction chamber 19.
1 is formed. A pressure sensitive chamber 42 is formed in the middle of this communication hole 41, and a bellows valve 43 is provided within this pressure sensitive chamber 42. The bellows valve 43 is the pressure sensitive chamber 4
When the pressure inside the crank chamber 1 becomes higher than a predetermined value (the pressure inside the bellows), the valve is opened to communicate the suction chamber 19 and the crank chamber 14, and the pressure inside the crank chamber 14 is lowered.

Note that when the internal pressure of the crank chamber 14 is high, the back pressure of the piston 31 becomes high. As a result, the bottom dead center position of the piston 31 shifts toward the top dead center, and the stroke of the piston becomes smaller. That is, the angle of inclination of the swash plate 27 and the swing plate 29 with respect to the drive shaft 25 becomes smaller (ie, closer to a right angle). In this state, the compression capacity becomes small. Conversely, when the internal pressure of the crank chamber 14 is low, the back pressure of the piston 31 is small, and for the opposite reason, the stroke of the piston becomes a dog, and the inclination angles of the swash plate 27 and the rocking plate 29 become a dog. ,
Compression capacity is a dog. However, the variable capacity compressor described here is just one example, and it is clear that the present invention is applicable not only to the scope of the mechanism described above.

The operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be explained below.

When the drive shaft 25 is rotated by an external drive source (not shown),
Rotor 26 and swash plate 27 rotate together. However, since the rocking plate 29 is rotatably installed on the end face of the swash plate 27 and the cylindrical block 33 provided on the rocking plate is fitted into the guide plate 35, the rocking plate 29 rotation is prevented.

Therefore, it moves forward to the slope of the rotating swash plate 27 and swings. That is, piston rod 301'j:.

This causes the piston 31 to reciprocate within the cylinder 12 because it does not reciprocate in the axial direction. At this time, the five cylindrical blocks 33 rest on the guide plate 35 and reciprocate.

As the piston 31 reciprocates within the cylinder 12, fluid is sucked from the suction chamber 19 through the suction hole 15, compressed, and discharged from the discharge hole 16 into the discharge chamber 20.

That is, the fluid is compressed and squeezed.

During the process of suction and discharge of fluid due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 31, fluid flows into the crank chamber through the gap between the piston 31 and the cylinder 12. That is, blow pie gas is present. Due to this blow-by gas, the internal pressure of the crank chamber 14 increases. As a result, as mentioned above, the swash plate 27
The inclination of the rocking plate 29 becomes smaller, and the compression capacity becomes smaller. after that.

When the internal pressure of the crank chamber 14 becomes equal to or higher than a certain pressure, the bellows valve 43 opens and the crank chamber 14 and the suction chamber 19 communicate with each other. Thus, the internal pressure in the crank chamber 14 decreases, and as described above, the angle of inclination between the swash plate 27 and the rocking plate 29 becomes a dog, increasing the compression capacity.

When assembling this compressor, especially when assembling the double rotation prevention mechanism, the guide plate 3 is inserted into the hole 39 of the cylinder block 11.
Place it in the crank chamber so that it is inserted into the tip of 5,
The combination of the rocking plate 29 holding the two cylindrical blocks 33 and the swash plate 27 is inserted into the housing so that the cylindrical block 33 is fitted onto the upper part of the guide plate 35, and then.

After other parts are assembled into the housing 10, the upper collar front end plate 13 is attached to the housing 10 with the other end of the guide plate 35 inserted into the hole 40 thereof.

That is, since the two cylindrical blocks 33 are attached to the rocking plate 29 in a non-removable manner, the two cylindrical blocks 33 do not come off when the rocking plate 29 is assembled after the guide plate 35 is assembled into the housing 10. 9. Assembly is easy.

From FIG. 4 to FIG. 10, the rocking plate 2 of the columnar block 33 is shown.
9 shows different embodiments of the non-falling retention structure.

As shown in FIG. 4 below, a cylindrical block 33 has a bottle 51 attached near its head so as to protrude in the radial direction.

On the other hand, the radial hole 32 provided in the swing plate 29 has openings 32b and 32c on both sides of the swing plate 29 along the depth direction of the hole. This opening may also be provided in the holding structure of FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 is shown with this opening actually provided.

A groove 52 is provided in the inner wall of the hole 32 along the circumferential direction of the hole, into which the tip of the bottle 51 is received when the two cylindrical blocks 33 are inserted.

When installing the cylindrical block 33, place the bottle 51 in the openings 32b and 32c and attach the cylindrical block 33.
is inserted into the hole 32, and then the two cylindrical blocks 33 are rotated to engage the tip of the bottle 51 with the groove 52. In this way, the two cylindrical blocks 33 are held in the holes 32 of the rocking plate 29 so as not to fall off.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the bottle and the groove is reversed from that in FIG. 4. That is, a groove 53 is formed on the outer periphery of one cylindrical block 33 near the head. This cylindrical block is inserted into the hole 32 of the rocking plate 29, and
9 and inserts the pin 54 into the groove 5 of the cylindrical block 33.
3.It is made to protrude into the middle.

FIG. 6 shows another holding structure of the cylindrical block 33 with the cylindrical groove (53) shown in FIG. 5(a).

Returning to FIG. 1, the rocking plate 29 is rotatably supported on the swash plate 27, and a thrust bearing 44 is disposed between the rocking plate 29 and the swash plate 27.

The outer peripheral end of the thrust race 45 of this bearing is partially extended toward the hole 32, and the extended end is folded into the outer peripheral groove 5 of the cylindrical block 33 from the side opening 32c of the hole. 55 is for locking the cylindrical block 33.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the pillar block 33' is not a cylinder, but the side surfaces of the cylinder are cut off at positions facing each other.

The shape has planes 56 and 57 parallel to each other.

On the other hand, a side opening 32 is provided at the mouth of the hole 32 of the swing plate 29.
A small flange 58 that protrudes radially inward is formed at a position other than ``c'' and ``32b''. Side opening 32b
, the width a of 32c is the parallel plane 56.5 of the columnar block.
The size of the dog is 7. In this way, the columnar block has its circular surface formed into a side opening 32b.

When the pillar block 33' is inserted into the hole 32 at the position 32c and then rotated so that the parallel planes are exposed at the side openings 32b and 32c, the lower part of the pillar block 33' rests on the flange 58 and is prevented from falling off.

In FIG. 8, a pin 59 is formed on the head of two cylindrical blocks 33, the pin 59 is exposed by passing through the bottom wall of the hole in the rocking plate 29, and its tip is caulked (60).
A cylindrical block 33 is held in the hole 32.

FIG. 9 shows a method similar to FIG. 8(a) in which a cylindrical block 33 with a cylindrical head bottle (59) is used, and instead of caulking the exposed end of the head bottle 59, the exposed end of the head bottle 59 is fixed with a cylindrical ring 61. This prevents the columnar block 33 from falling off.

The example shown in Fig. 10 is a modification of the one shown in Fig. 8, in which a hole 62 penetrating from the bottom of the vertical groove 34 of the two cylindrical blocks 33 to the head is formed, and a hole 62 is formed in the hole from the vertical groove to the head. A flanged pin 63 is inserted, the tip of the pin 63 is exposed by passing through the bottom wall of the hole 32 of the rocking plate, and the exposed end is caulked as shown at 64.

Instead of this caulking, it is also possible to use a sunanozo ring as shown in FIG.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, in a variable capacity swash plate compressor, the rotation prevention mechanism of the oscillating plate is arranged in the crank chamber, and the guide plate has a vertical groove that fits from the side edge side of the guide plate. Since the columnar block is held on the outer periphery of the rocking plate so that it cannot fall off, the rotation of the rocking plate is reliably prevented by the engagement between the guide plate and the columnar block. 2. Even when assembling, after holding the columnar block on the rocking plate in advance and installing the guide plate in the housing, the vertical groove of the columnar block must be fitted into the guide plate before the rocking plate is assembled into the housing. This has the advantage that it can be easily assembled without worrying about two parts falling off.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a rotation prevention mechanism. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the rotation prevention mechanism, where (a) is a perspective view of a columnar block, and (b) is a front view of the rotation prevention mechanism. (c) is a bottom view, and FIGS. 4 to 10 are detailed views of examples of rotation prevention mechanisms with different holding structures for columnar blocks.
Figure ('') is a perspective view of the columnar block, (b) is a front view of the rotation prevention mechanism, (C) is its bottom view, Figure 5 (a) is a perspective view of the columnar block, and (b) is a 6(C) is a bottom view, FIG. 6(a) is a front view of another example of the rotation preventing mechanism, and FIG. 6(b) is a cross section taken along line A-A in FIG. 6(a). Fig. 7(a) is a perspective view of the columnar block. Fig. 7(b) is a front view of the rotation prevention mechanism, Fig. 7(C) is a bottom view.
FIG. 8(a) is a perspective view of the columnar block, FIG. 8(b) is a front view of the rotation prevention mechanism, FIG. 8(C) is a bottom view, FIG. 9 is a modification of FIG. 8, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view, FIG. 10 is a bottom view, FIG. 10 is another embodiment, and FIG. 11A is a perspective view of a columnar block. (]8) Figure (b) is a front view of the rotation prevention mechanism, and figure (C) is a bottom view. FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a known rotation prevention mechanism. 10...Housing, 11...Cylinder block. 12...Cylinder, 13...Front end plate. 14... Crank chamber, 25... Drive shaft, 27...
Swash plate. 29... Rocking plate, 33, 33'... Column block, 34... Vertical groove, 35... Guide plate. Figure 4 (c) Figure 5 (a) Octopus 6 Figure 7 (c) Figure 8 (b) Figure S 10 and porridge 11

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A housing having a cylinder block including a plurality of cylinders, a front end plate facing the cylinder block and supporting a drive shaft, and a housing disposed in a crank chamber formed between the cylinder block and the front end plate, a swash plate connected to a shaft such that its inclination angle is variable; a oscillation plate that swings as the swash plate rotates to cause a piston to reciprocate within the cylinder; and a rotation prevention mechanism that prevents rotation of the swash plate. In the variable capacity compressor, the compression capacity is changed by changing the stroke of the piston as the inclination angle of the swash plate changes, and the rotation prevention mechanism includes At a predetermined position, a columnar block is held rotatably but not detachable in the radial direction of the rocking plate and has a vertical groove formed at its tip, and one side edge is formed in the vertical groove of the columnar block. A variable capacity compressor comprising a fitted guide plate.