JPS6319514A - Erection precision measuring photodetector - Google Patents
Erection precision measuring photodetectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6319514A JPS6319514A JP16347586A JP16347586A JPS6319514A JP S6319514 A JPS6319514 A JP S6319514A JP 16347586 A JP16347586 A JP 16347586A JP 16347586 A JP16347586 A JP 16347586A JP S6319514 A JPS6319514 A JP S6319514A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- laser spot
- laser
- electrodes
- axis direction
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001247986 Calotropis procera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、レーザを応用した鉄骨柱の建方精度測定装置
における建方精度測定用受光器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a light receiver for measuring erection accuracy in a steel column erection accuracy measuring apparatus using a laser.
「従来の技術の発明が解決しようとする問題点」鉄骨柱
の鉛直精度を測定する方法としては、１）下げ振りを用
いる方法
２）トランシフトを用いる方法
３）レーザ鉛直器を用いる方法
等が行われている。``Problems to be solved by prior art inventions'' Methods for measuring the vertical accuracy of steel columns include 1) a method using a plumb bob, 2) a method using a transshift, 3) a method using a laser plumber, etc. It is being done.
下げ振りを用いる方法やトラシフトを用いる方法は、従
来から多くの作業所で採用されている方法であるが、測
定のために多大な人数と時間を要し、また、測定値にも
人間が測定することによる誤差が入り易いという欠点が
あった。The methods of using a plumb bob and the method of using a tiger shift have traditionally been adopted in many workplaces, but they require a large number of people and time to measure, and the measured values are also measured by humans. This has the disadvantage that it is easy to introduce errors.
一方、レーザ鉛直器を用いる方法は、鉄骨柱の頂部に受
光板を設置し、それに映されるレーザスポットの位置を
目視で読み取ることによって鉛直精度を測定するが、こ
の方法ではレーザスポットの位置を読み取るための作業
者が鉄骨柱の頭部に登らねばならず、測定が危険な高所
作業にならざるを得ない、また、通常のレーザ鉛直器の
レーザビーム径は、１５〜２０龍程度あることが多く、
このレーザスポットを目視で精度よく読み取ることは困
難であった。測定のための高所作業を避けるために、鉄
骨柱頂部にテレビカメラを設面し、受光板に映ったレー
ザスポットの位置を鉄骨柱の足元で読み取ることができ
るようにすることは容易に可能であるが、この方法にお
いても、直径が１５〜２０龍程度あるレーザスポットの
位置を目視で読み取るということから発生する測定精度
上の問題は改善されない。On the other hand, in the method using a laser plumber, vertical accuracy is measured by installing a light receiving plate at the top of a steel column and visually reading the position of the laser spot reflected on it. The worker must climb to the top of the steel column to take the reading, making measurement work at dangerous heights.Also, the laser beam diameter of a typical laser plumber is approximately 15 to 20 mm. Often,
It was difficult to visually read this laser spot accurately. In order to avoid high-altitude work for measurements, it is easily possible to install a television camera at the top of the steel column so that the position of the laser spot reflected on the light receiving plate can be read at the foot of the steel column. However, this method does not solve the problem of measurement accuracy caused by visually reading the position of the laser spot, which has a diameter of about 15 to 20 mm.
ところで、同情な考えで、受光素子としてＣＯＤ素子等
を煉用することも可能であるが、Φ ＣＣＤ 素子は、
非連続的素子であるので、分解能に限界がある。By the way, it is also possible to use a COD element etc. as a light receiving element, but the Φ CCD element,
Since it is a discontinuous element, its resolution is limited.
■ ＣＣＯ素子は、二次的に走査する回路が必要なので
、装置の電気回路が複雑になる。(2) Since the CCO element requires a secondary scanning circuit, the electrical circuit of the device becomes complicated.
等の問題点がある。There are other problems.
そこで、本発明は、そのような走査回路を要しないで、
簡単にかつ正確に位置検出できる光位置検出素子を備え
た建方精度測定用受光器を提供しようとするものである
。Therefore, the present invention does not require such a scanning circuit, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a light receiver for measuring erection accuracy, which is equipped with an optical position detection element that can easily and accurately detect a position.
「問題点を解決するための手段」
本発明は、筒状のハウジングに、入射するレーザスポッ
トの位置を電気的に検出する光位置検出素子を内装する
と共に、外乱光除去手段を講じて成る。"Means for Solving the Problems" According to the present invention, an optical position detection element for electrically detecting the position of an incident laser spot is housed in a cylindrical housing, and a means for removing disturbance light is provided.
「作用」
如上の構成であり、当該受光器は、建入れる鉄骨柱の頂
部に下向きに装着し、また、これに対応させて、その鉄
骨柱の足元に鉛直上方へ向けてレーザ鉛直器を設置する
と共に、指示針を配し、該指示計と受光器とを有線又は
無線伝送手段により電気的に連係させる。``Operation'' With the above configuration, the receiver is installed facing downward at the top of the steel pillar to be erected, and correspondingly, a laser plumber is installed at the foot of the steel pillar facing vertically upward. At the same time, an indicator needle is arranged, and the indicator and the light receiver are electrically linked by wired or wireless transmission means.
受光器は、レーザ鉛直器からのレーザスポットを受けて
、これを基準に、鉄骨柱の傾きと捩の変位を電気信号と
して挟出し、指示計は、これを表示する。The light receiver receives the laser spot from the laser plumber, and based on this, detects the inclination and torsional displacement of the steel column as an electrical signal, and the indicator displays this.
そこで、その表示に基づき鉄骨柱の建方調整をし、本締
めする。Therefore, the erection of the steel columns will be adjusted based on the indications and final tightening will be carried out.
なお、受光器とレーザ鉛直器は設置位置を逆に用いても
よい。Note that the installation positions of the light receiver and the laser plumber may be reversed.
「実施例」 図面は、本発明の実施例を示している。"Example" The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention.
第１図、第２図は、本発明に係る受光器であり、該受光
器１は、円筒状のハウジングｌｌを設け、該ハウジング
の内側で、後部に光位置検出素子１２を、また、前部に
レーザの波長だけを透過させる光学的フィルタ１３を、
それぞれ垂直に配し、ハウジングの外側で、前部にフー
ド１４を設けている。1 and 2 show a light receiver according to the present invention, and the light receiver 1 is provided with a cylindrical housing 11, and inside the housing, an optical position detection element 12 is mounted at the rear, and an optical position detection element 12 is mounted at the front. An optical filter 13 that transmits only the wavelength of the laser is provided in the part,
Each is arranged vertically and is provided with a hood 14 at the front, outside the housing.
光位置検出素子１２は、レーザスポットの位置信号取出
し用のＸ軸方向とＹ軸方向の４つの電極Ａ。The optical position detection element 12 has four electrodes A in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction for extracting position signals of the laser spot.
Ｂ、Ｃ，Ｄと、共通電極Ｅとを有し、これらの電極には
ケーブル５を結線し、ゴムブツシュ１５に通してハウジ
ング１１の後方へ引き出している。この光位置検出素子
１２は、受光面にレーザビーム（スボン１）を受けると
、その部分で光起電効果により電流が発生する０発生し
た電流は、４つの電極Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ，ｐに流れるが、その
分配の比率は、レーザスポットの位置から各電極までの
抵抗値に反比例する。つまり、光位置検出素子の受光面
は、均一な抵抗層によって形成されているので、スポッ
ト位置から各電橋までの抵抗値は、スポットの中心から
各電極までの距離に比例する。したがって、Ｘ軸方向の
電極ＡとＢ及びＹ軸方向の電極ＣとＤか、ら取り出され
る電流の差ｌ＾−ＩＢ及びｉａ −Ｉｎを測定すること
により、レーザスポットの位置を測定することができる
。A cable 5 is connected to these electrodes, passed through a rubber bush 15, and led out to the rear of the housing 11. When this optical position detection element 12 receives a laser beam (trousers 1) on its light-receiving surface, a current is generated at that part due to the photovoltaic effect.The generated current is transmitted to four electrodes A, B, C, and p. The rate of distribution is inversely proportional to the resistance from the laser spot position to each electrode. In other words, since the light-receiving surface of the optical position detection element is formed of a uniform resistance layer, the resistance value from the spot position to each electric bridge is proportional to the distance from the center of the spot to each electrode. Therefore, the position of the laser spot can be measured by measuring the differences l^-IB and ia-In between the currents extracted from electrodes A and B in the X-axis direction and electrodes C and D in the Y-axis direction. can.
ここで、４つの各電極Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ，りから取り出される
電流ｉ＾、 ｉｎ、 Ｉｃ、 Ｉｎは、レーザスポット
の位置によって変化する池に、光の入射エネルギーにも
比例して変化する。したがって、入射エネルギーが変動
する場合には、次式に示すように正規化することにより
、レーザスポットの位置を求めることができる。Here, the currents i^, in, Ic, In taken out from each of the four electrodes A, B, C, and R vary depending on the position of the laser spot, and also vary in proportion to the incident energy of the light. Therefore, when the incident energy fluctuates, the position of the laser spot can be determined by normalizing it as shown in the following equation.
レーザスポットの位置をＸ軸方向においてＸｐ、Ｙ軸方
向においてＹｌｌとすると、
２Ｌ：電極Ａ、Ｂ間及びＣ，Ｄ間の距離これらの手段は
、後記指示計内で適宜に講ずればよい、勿論、受光器１
内でもよい。Assuming that the position of the laser spot is Xp in the X-axis direction and Yll in the Y-axis direction, 2L: distance between electrodes A and B and between electrodes C and D. These measures may be taken as appropriate within the indicator described below. Of course, receiver 1
It may be inside.
受光器ｌは、第３図に示すように、建入れる鉄骨柱（イ
１の頂部に、取付は治具６を以て取外し可能に下向きに
装着し、また、その鉄骨柱（イ］の足元において、受光
器１に対応させて、レーザ鉛直器２を鉛直上方へ向けて
設置すると共に、その近傍に指示計４を配し、上記ケー
ブル５を該指示計に接続する。As shown in Fig. 3, the receiver l is removably mounted downwards on the top of the steel frame pillar (a) to be erected using a jig 6, and at the foot of the steel frame pillar (a). A laser plumber 2 is installed facing vertically upward in correspondence with the light receiver 1, and an indicator 4 is placed near it, and the cable 5 is connected to the indicator.
これにより、上述のようにして、鉄骨柱（イ］の変位を
知り、建方調整を行うのである。As a result, as described above, the displacement of the steel column (a) can be known and erection adjustments can be made.
ところで、自然界には、レーザ光と同波長の光も存在す
るので、光学的フィルタ１３を使用しても、外乱光は、
わずかではあるが光学的フィルタを透過して、影響を与
える。また、フード１４は、長いほど効果的であるが、
実用上は、取扱い上の制約で無制限には長くできない。By the way, in the natural world, there is also light with the same wavelength as the laser beam, so even if the optical filter 13 is used, the disturbance light will be
Although it is small, it passes through the optical filter and has an effect. Furthermore, the longer the hood 14 is, the more effective it is;
In practice, the length cannot be increased indefinitely due to handling constraints.
そこで、フード１４や光学的フィルタ１３を用いても外
乱光の影響が無視できないほど高精度の測定を行うとき
には、次の手段を講ずればよい。Therefore, when performing measurement with such high precision that the influence of ambient light cannot be ignored even with the use of the hood 14 and the optical filter 13, the following measures may be taken.
すなわち、レーザ鉛直器２において、第３図に示すよう
に、投光部の直前に回転羽根３を曖け、レーザ光を断続
させる。That is, in the laser plumber 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotary blade 3 is moved in front of the light projecting section to intermittent the laser beam.
また、これに対応させて、受光器１において、第４図に
示すように、光位置検出素子１２に、増幅回路１２１、
加°減算回路１２２、除算回路１２３ｘ 、１２３Ｙ
。Correspondingly, in the light receiver 1, as shown in FIG.
Addition/subtraction circuit 122, division circuit 123x, 123Y
.
バイパスフィルタ１２４ｘ 、１２４Ｙ 、パルス立上
す検出回路１２５ｘ 、 １２５ Ｙ及び同期ホールド
回路１２６ｘ 。Bypass filters 124x, 124Y, pulse rise detection circuits 125x, 125Y, and synchronous hold circuit 126x.
１２６Ｙを付帯させる。詳しくは、光位置検出素子１２
の位置信号取出し用の４つの電極Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ。Attach 126Y. In detail, the optical position detection element 12
4 electrodes A, B, and C for extracting position signals.
Ｄからの検出信号ｉＡ、＋Ｂ、ｉｃ、＋Ｄを、それぞれ
増幅回路１２１ Ａ 、１２１ Ｂ、１２１ ｃ 、１
２１ ｏにより増幅し、その内のＸ軸方向の一方の電極
Ａと４１方の電極Ｂ ゛の出力を、−組の加算回路
１２２Ａと減算回路１２２Ｂに、また、Ｙ軸方向の一方
の電極Ｃと他方の電極りの出力を、他の一組の加算回路
１２２ ｃと減算回路１２２Ｄに送って、それぞれ加算
出力ｌ＾＋ｉＢ、Ｉｃ＋Ｉｎと減算出力＋Ａ −ｆＢ
ｌ ｉｃ ｉＤを得、次いで、それぞれの加算出力と
減算出力を除算回路１２３ｘ 。Detection signals iA, +B, ic, +D from D are transmitted to amplifier circuits 121A, 121B, 121c, 1, respectively.
21 o, and outputs from one electrode A in the X-axis direction and the output from one electrode B in the X-axis direction are sent to the addition circuit 122A and the subtraction circuit 122B of the negative set, and the outputs are amplified by one electrode C in the Y-axis direction. and the output of the other electrode are sent to another set of addition circuit 122c and subtraction circuit 122D to produce addition outputs l^+iB, Ic+In and subtraction outputs +A-fB, respectively.
lic iD is obtained, and then the respective addition output and subtraction output are divided by the division circuit 123x.
レーザスポ７）の光度の変動に伴う各電極に流れる電流
ｉ＾＋ ｆＢ ＋ ＩＯ＋ １０の変動を排除して、信
頼度の高い信号を得、更に、バイパスフィルタ １２４
ｘ。By eliminating fluctuations in the current i^+ fB + IO+ 10 flowing through each electrode due to fluctuations in the luminous intensity of the laser spot 7), a highly reliable signal is obtained, and furthermore, a bypass filter 124
x.
１２４ｙにより外乱光の影響を除去して、断続するレー
ザスポットに適合したパルスを得、同期ボールド回路１
２６ｘ 、１２６ｙへ送る。これと同時に、上記各加算
出力■＾＋ｉＢ＋Ｉｃ”ｉｏをそれぞれパルス立上り検
出回路１２５ｘ 、１２５ｙへ送って、立上りの検出信
号を得て、同期ホールド回路１２６ｘ 、１２６ｙへ送
る。而して、同期ホールド回路にて、バイパスフィルタ
１２４ｘ 、１２４ｙを経たパルスを、その立上りの検
出信号で同期ホールドすることにより、レベルがパルス
波高に従かう直流化した信号に変換し、これをＸ軸方向
とＹ軸方向のレーザスポットの位置信号として、換言す
れば、建入れた鉄骨柱の変位信号として、出方させる。124y removes the influence of disturbance light to obtain a pulse suitable for the intermittent laser spot, and synchronized bold circuit 1
Send to 26x and 126y. At the same time, each of the above-mentioned addition outputs ^+iB+Ic"io is sent to the pulse rise detection circuits 125x and 125y, respectively, to obtain a rise detection signal and sent to the synchronous hold circuits 126x and 126y. Then, the synchronous hold circuit By synchronizing and holding the pulses that have passed through the bypass filters 124x and 124y with the detection signal of their rising edge, the pulses are converted into a DC signal whose level follows the pulse height, and this is converted into a DC signal in the X- and Y-axis directions. It is output as a position signal of the laser spot, in other words, as a displacement signal of the erected steel column.
この受光器１における各部の信号を図示すると、第５図
のようになる。なお、第５図は、Ｘ軸方向についてのみ
示しているが、Ｙ軸方向についても同様である。The signals of each part in this light receiver 1 are illustrated as shown in FIG. Although FIG. 5 shows only the X-axis direction, the same applies to the Y-axis direction.
第５図において、（１）は、レーザスポットが光位置検
出素子１２の一方の電極Ａ側に位置する場合、（■）は
、レーザスポットが光位置検出素子１２の中央に位置す
る場合、（ＩＩＩ）は、レーザスポットが先位ｉ？ｉ！
検出素子１２の他方の電極Ｂ側に位置る場合である。In FIG. 5, (1) is when the laser spot is located on one electrode A side of the optical position detection element 12, (■) is when the laser spot is located at the center of the optical position detection element 12, ( III) Is the laser spot first i? i!
This is the case where the detection element 12 is located on the other electrode B side.
加算回路１２２ Ａの出力ｉＡ＋Ｉｎ及び減算回路１２
２Ｂの出力ｉ＾−ＩＢは、レーザスポットにょるパルス
と外乱光による出方とが重なったものとして現れるが、
先位ｒ！を検出素子１２は、上述のように、レーザスポ
ットの当たった位置によって抵抗値が変るものであるか
ら、レーザスポットの当たった位置によりパルスの波高
値と極性が異なる。また、バイパルスフィルタ １２４
ｘの出力は、外乱光の影響を除去してそのパルスのみを
抽出したものとなる。Output iA+In of addition circuit 122 A and subtraction circuit 12
The output i^-IB of 2B appears as a combination of the pulse from the laser spot and the output from the disturbance light,
First place r! As described above, the resistance value of the detection element 12 changes depending on the position where the laser spot hits, so the peak value and polarity of the pulse differ depending on the position where the laser spot hits. In addition, bipulse filter 124
The output of x is obtained by removing the influence of disturbance light and extracting only the pulse.
「発明の効果」
本発明によれば、外乱光を排除でき、また、光位置検出
素子を用いるので、レーザスポットの位置をレーザビー
ム径に無関係にスポットの中心位置で求めることができ
、測定精度を著しく向上させることができ、また、測定
は電気的に行えるので、従来のような測定者による読取
り誤差を除去でき、そして、この・ようにして建方時に
鉄骨柱の建方精度を高精度で測定することが可能になる
ので、建方精度の修正作業の精度が向上し、したがって
、最終的な建方ネｎ度を向上させることができる。"Effects of the Invention" According to the present invention, disturbance light can be eliminated, and since an optical position detection element is used, the position of the laser spot can be determined at the center position of the spot regardless of the laser beam diameter, and measurement accuracy is In addition, since the measurement can be performed electrically, the reading error caused by the conventional measurer can be eliminated. Since it becomes possible to measure the construction accuracy, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the construction accuracy correction work, and therefore, it is possible to improve the final construction accuracy.
更に、従来、測定者が鉄骨柱の頂部に登って行りていた
建方精度の測定作業が不要になり、鉄骨柱の足元で測定
作業が行えるので、高所作業がなくなり、作業の安全性
を向上させることができる。Furthermore, it is no longer necessary for the measurer to climb to the top of the steel column to measure construction accuracy, and the measurement work can be done at the foot of the steel column, eliminating work at heights and improving work safety. can be improved.
図面は、本発明の実施例で、第１図は、縦断側面図、第
２図は、正面図、第３図は、使用説明図、第４図は、回
路のブロック図、第５図は、波形説明図である。
１・・・受光器 ２・・・レーザ鉛直器３・・
・回転羽根 ４・・・指示針５・・・ケーブル
６・・・取付は治具１１・・・ハウジング
１２・・・光位置検出素子１３・・・光学的フィルタ
１４・・・フード１５・・・ゴムブツシュ
第１図
第２図
第５図
■ ■The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for use, FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the circuit, and FIG. , is a waveform explanatory diagram. 1... Light receiver 2... Laser plumb meter 3...
・Rotating blade 4... Indicator needle 5... Cable
6... Mounting jig 11... Housing
12... Optical position detection element 13... Optical filter
14...Hood 15...Rubber bushing Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 5 ■ ■
Claims (1)
電気的に検出する光位置検出素子を内装すると共に、外
乱光除去手段を講じたことを特徴とする建方精度測定用
受光器。A light receiver for measuring erection accuracy, characterized in that a cylindrical housing is equipped with an optical position detection element for electrically detecting the position of an incident laser spot, and a means for removing disturbance light is provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16347586A JPS6319514A (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1986-07-11 | Erection precision measuring photodetector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16347586A JPS6319514A (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1986-07-11 | Erection precision measuring photodetector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6319514A true JPS6319514A (en) | 1988-01-27 |
Family
ID=15774578
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16347586A Pending JPS6319514A (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1986-07-11 | Erection precision measuring photodetector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6319514A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0213661A (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-18 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Erecting method for building material |
| JPH0266266A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-06 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Erecting method for constructing member |
| JPH11245816A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-14 | East Japan Railway Co | Rail displacement amount measuring device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS549904A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-25 | Toshiba Corp | Reproducer of recording discs |
-
1986
- 1986-07-11 JP JP16347586A patent/JPS6319514A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS549904A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-25 | Toshiba Corp | Reproducer of recording discs |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0213661A (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-18 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Erecting method for building material |
| JPH0266266A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-06 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Erecting method for constructing member |
| JPH11245816A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-14 | East Japan Railway Co | Rail displacement amount measuring device |
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