JPS63192455A - Mouth-to-mouth resuscitator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device.

It is known that in any case where a person has stopped breathing for some reason, prompt action must be taken in order to try to resume breathing as quickly as possible. This is the case, for example, in the case of a freak accident, where lay passersby often have to do their best to get the victim back breathing as quickly as possible, as well as trained medical staff trying to get the victim back breathing. do,
This also applies to patients in hospitals.

Although there are several different known resuscitation methods, the most widespread and commonly practiced is the so-called "kiss of life", in which direct mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is performed. However, in some cases, rescuers may be reluctant to provide assistance due to the risk of infection from the victim. For example, paramedics, firefighters and police officers, paramedics and others who are often involved in such life-saving operations may be exposed to the increased prevalence of numerous diseases that can be spread by body fluids such as saliva and/or blood. In recent years, people have become increasingly involved in such dangers.

A mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device has been available since 1959 and can be utilized to reduce the risk of cross-infection. This device is known as ``The Plutsk Airway''.
Brook Airway). The Prutsk Airway includes a donor mouthpiece into which the operator exhales and a recipient mouthpiece for placement over the patient's mouth, the recipient mouthpiece allowing free passage of air. The prongs hold the mouth open and rest on the patient's tongue to hold it in place. Between the donor mouthpiece and the recipient mouthpiece extends a tube containing a one-way valve and a complex bypass system so that the air exhaled by the patient is routed in one direction rather than back towards the operator. Directed towards the bypass outlet via a valve. The use of such an airway means that there is no physical contact between the operator and the patient, and furthermore, there is no passage of air from the patient to the operator. However, one-way valves and bypasses are mechanical devices and the resulting structures are expensive.

This means that such airways are not readily available and therefore often not on hand in case of an emergency. Therefore, while well-equipped professionals such as nurses or paramedics may often have such equipment available for their own use, non-professional first aiders usually do not have such equipment available. equipment is not available. Additionally, valves in the airway can significantly restrict the flow of air from the donor to the patient, reducing the effectiveness of the resuscitation effort and making valve operation less reliable after long periods of non-use. Gender may also be questionable.

Other valve-dependent resuscitations that include a donor mouthpiece for use by an operator and a recipient mouthpiece for placement in cooperation with the patient's mouth, the two mouthpieces being joined by an airway. The device is covered by British Patent Specification No. 53.
No. 3,297 and US Pat. No. 4,535,765.

The invention features an air permeable element fitted into the air passageway that impedes the passage of liquid at least in the direction from the recipient to the donor, but allows the passage of air in two directions between the mouthpieces. . In this way, even when air passes from the patient to the operator, virtually no fluid with an associated risk of infection can pass from the patient to the operator.

Preferably, the material used for the air permeable element also prevents the passage of liquid from the operator to the patient, so that both the operator and the patient are protected from the spread of disease.

An example of a flexible sheet material that has the property of being air permeable but preventing the passage of liquid from one side to the other is
Porvair Lim, Riverside Industrial Estate, Estinary Road, King's Lynn, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
1ted) under the trademark "PERMAIRF". The PERMAIRF material used can have a closed surface and an open surface or can have two closed surfaces, in which case the material is completely non-absorbent for liquids. The material is manufactured from high molecular weight polyurethane, which allows the passage of liquid only at pressures much higher than those that actually occur within a mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device.

It will be appreciated that other materials with similar properties to PERMAIRF may be used to construct the air permeable elements of this invention, and that the use of flexible sheet materials is not essential to that end. . Permeable PTFE is one possible example. Another example is sintered high density polyethylene, as known by the trade name "VYON".

Preferably, however, the device includes a bag of flexible sheet material, the mouth of which is sealed to the interior surface of the airway and the closed end of the bag directed toward and/or toward the recipient mouthpiece. Directed inward. Thus, when a patient exhales into the recipient mouthpiece, a bag made of that material has a tendency to collapse slightly;
Reduces the passage of air from the patient to the operator. In use, the operator may exhale into the donor mouthpiece to inflate the patient's lungs and then lift the recipient mouthpiece slightly during exhalation by the patient. However, since the bag may allow air to pass from the patient to the operator but prevents any liquid from passing through it to the operator, there is no risk of infection to the operator in either case.

Bags or sacks such as those described above provide a larger area for air to pass through than elements such as discs. However, alternative materials with higher air permeability may be employed in the form of flat septa or discs. Another possible modification is a small air permeable sheet providing a barrier to liquids, which is mounted on the internal surface of the air passage and sealed on one side of it adjacent to one mouthpiece. extending from the mouthpiece to the opposite side thereof adjacent the other mouthpiece.

Generally, the device is preferably used in conjunction with a nasal clip to prevent the passage of air through the patient's nose while mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is being performed. In this connection, if desired, it is possible to provide perforations in the wall of the air channel between the air permeable element and the recipient mouthpiece. Thus, when the patient exhales into the recipient mouthpiece, at least some air passes out through the perforations. Preferably, the perforation is small enough that it can be closed by placing a finger over it. In this way, the operator can close the opening for blowing into the donor mouthpiece and open the opening when the patient exhales.

Typically, this perforation may have a diameter of 6 mm.

Preferably the donor mouthpiece, airway and recipient mouthpiece are all made from injection molded plastic material. Thus, the air passage and mouthpiece may be made from four separate components, with each of the mouthpiece components and air passage separately injection molded. However, it is possible for the air passage to be integrally molded with one or both of the mouthpieces. The plastic material utilized for the airway and/or donor mouthpiece can be rigid, but cooperates with the mouth of the recipient mouthpiece to assist the operator in moving the device into position. Preferably, the materials utilized for the components are flexible. For example, the airway and donor mouthpiece may be made from rigid polypropylene, while preferably including a shield to fit around the mouth and a curved projection to hold the patient's tongue down. As for the recipient mouthpiece, the components forming the shield and protrusion are E.

It can be made from relatively soft polyurethanes such as V, A, etc.

In one possible construction, the airway is not rigid but collapsible so that it can be backed up and stored in a more compact condition. For example, the walls of the airway may be made in the form of corrugations that expand into length as air is blown into the airway through the donor mouthpiece.

The device may include an auxiliary filter, preferably a moisture-absorbing filter, arranged between the donor mouthpiece and the airway. This auxiliary filter may be made from fabrics similar to those used in dust masks or doctor's masks. Alternatively, the filter may be a sintered plastic disc.

Thus, the present invention provides a lightweight, inexpensive device that is inexpensive enough to be disposable and that can be easily transported or stored in a vehicle or building for use in the event of a collapse or accident related to loss of breath. do. Additionally, the device is substantially as effective as conventional direct mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and is less susceptible to quality degradation associated with long periods of storage without use.

Four embodiments of a mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device according to the invention will now be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A first embodiment of a mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device includes air passage 14.
includes a donor mouthpiece 10 and a recipient mouthpiece 12 coupled by. The donor mouthpiece 10 is a cylinder formed by a peripheral projection 18 that is inserted into the operator's mouth and a wider base portion 2° that is connected to a base fit 21 (see Figure 3). This is a common type of tube 16 in the shape of the tube.

The recipient's mouthpiece 12 has a relatively long curved projection 22, generally in the form of a somewhat flattened tube, for insertion into the recipient's mouth. Curved surface 2 of protrusion 22
4 serves to hold the patient's tongue down in use, thereby helping to keep the patient's trachea open. The recipient mouthpiece 12 also has a relatively large, somewhat cup-shaped shield or cover 26 to seal around the outside of the patient's mouth. Preferably, but not necessarily, the shield 26 is manufactured as a separate component from the main portion of the mouthpiece, including the protrusion 22, and is separated from this main part by placing it around the protrusion 22 against the base mating 28. ensure that it fits the part.

Air passage 14 includes a hollow cylinder. Each of the components is separately injection molded from a suitable plastic material. Typically, the plastic material utilized for the donor mouthpiece 10 is relatively hard, such as 74 degree hardness polypropylene, and the recipient mouthpiece 12 is softer and more flexible, such as E. , V, A, etc., for example, made of polyurethane having a hardness of 55 degrees.

Donor mouthpiece 10 and recipient mouthpiece 12 are assembled by base fittings 21 and 28;
Substantially, both ends of the air passage 14 are sealed.

An air permeable element 30 in the general form of a bag is mounted within the airway 14, the mouth 32 of the bag 30 being sealed to the interior surface of the cylinder 14, and the closed end 34 of the bag being closed to the recipient. It is directed toward the mouthpiece 12 . A preferred sheet material for bag 30 is Pe, with a closed surface on the inside of the bag and an open surface on the outside of the bag.
rma irF. The closed surface provides a barrier to liquid so that substantially no liquid emanating from the recipient can pass to the donor operator. Although this bag can absorb water through its open outer surface, if excessive water is generated by the patient, the bag becomes saturated and the pressure that prevails within the mouth-to-mouth resuscitator during use In this case, even air cannot pass through, which is an absolutely safe condition for the operator. Material Per
mair F is owned by Beauvair Limited, Riverside Industrial Estate, Estuary Road, King's Lynn, Norfolk, UK.
air limited).

The preferred material thickness used is 0.5 mm, but
Thicknesses of 0.7 or 1.2 mm may also be effective. A material with two closed surfaces can be employed or, if the material has one closed surface, this can be placed on the outside of the bag. Bag 3 in all cases
0 is formed by heat sealing or plastic welding sheet material. As illustrated, the mouth 32 of the bag 30 is substantially sealed to its interior surface by blocking the air passage between the cylinder 14 and the base fit 21 of the donor mouthpiece 10. . However, the illustrated assembly method is merely a specific example.

When the patient exhales into the mouthpiece 12, the air pressure tends to collapse the bag 30 slightly, reducing the passage of air back toward the operator, although it actually prevents the passage of air. I don't. Element 30 serves to prevent the passage of fluid so that no infections can be exchanged between the patient and operator.

FIG. 1 also serves to illustrate a nose clip 15 that is loosely attached to the airway 14 adjacent to the recipient's mouthpiece 12 by a flexible plastic thread 17. T, P
A nose clip 15, conveniently made of a plastic material such as acetal, with soft nose pads 19 of a spongy plastic material such as . to work.

In this way, the operator does not hesitate to use the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device, knowing that the risk of acquiring infection from the patient is considerably reduced, and therefore no time is lost in resuscitating the patient.

Because the product is lightweight and inexpensive, it is easily portable and can be disposed of after use.

When it is stated that element 30 prevents the passage of liquid through it, it should be recognized that this refers to the pressure that can be exerted by the donor or recipient when using this device. be. At very high pressures, well in excess of the pressures that can be applied by either the donor or recipient, the material Permair F can allow a small degree of liquid passage.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment taken along the same plane as the cross-section shown in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment. Fifth
The second embodiment shown in the figure is a donor mouthpiece 1
0, is very similar to the first device in that the air passages 14 and elements 30 are identical to those of the first embodiment.

However, the recipient mouthpiece 40 is slightly different. The curved projection 42 is longer than the curved projection of the first embodiment, ensuring that it not only holds the patient's tongue down but also keeps the patient's trachea open. Additionally, the airway 14 includes a perforation 44 extending from the inside of the airway to the outside of the airway and positioned between the bag 30 and the recipient's mouthpiece 4°. The borehole 44 has a diameter of 6 mm, which means that the operator can close the borehole practically easily by placing his finger on it. When the donor blows into the mouthpiece 10, the perforations are closed with a finger, allowing free passage of air through the bag 3° and into the recipient's mouthpiece 40. When the patient exhales, perforation 44 opens, allowing most of the air to escape without returning to the donor. Air is prevented from being expelled through the patient's nose by using the nasal clip 15. The air passage includes an auxiliary filter 46. This auxiliary filter is installed within air passageway 14 and positioned between donor mouthpiece 10 and air permeable bag 30 as shown. The auxiliary filter 46 is impregnated with silica gel.
It may be a sintered plastic disc or a filled cotton wool element, and most preferably acts as a moisture absorbing element.

FIG. 6 shows the same donor mouthpiece 10 as in the first embodiment;
Recipient mouthpiece 12 and air permeable bag 30 (
FIG. 4 is a side view of a third embodiment with a cylindrical structure (not shown); However, the walls of the air passage 50 are arranged to be foldable. For example, the wall 50 is constructed from a plurality of flat rings of rigid polyurethane that are hinged together to allow the wall to fold in a bellows manner, thereby allowing the device to be stored in a more compact condition. It will be done. When using the device, blowing into the donor's mouthpiece 10 increases the pressure within the air passage 50 causing the air passage to expand longer into its in-use condition. Because the bag 30 is flexible, it can be easily folded into a folded device. Alternatively, the airway wall 50 may be made of a flexible corrugated material or formed of two jointly hinged sections or two or more telescopically interfitting sections. may be done.

7 and 8 illustrate a fourth embodiment having donor mouthpiece 10 and recipient mouthpiece 12 of generally the same construction as shown in FIGS. 1-4. However, while the air passage 60 is rigid, it is essentially the first
It is shorter than the cylinder 14 of the embodiment. The air passageway 60 includes a larger diameter, relatively short cylindrical portion 62 and a reduced diameter, relatively short cylindrical portion 64 that connects to a base portion 66 of the recipient's mouthpiece 12 .

a cylindrical portion 62 remote from the recipient's mouthpiece 12;
The end of the donor mouthpiece 10 has a lipped formation 68 that fits into the base portion 70 of the donor mouthpiece 10. The air permeable element is a Permair F bag 30 substantially as described with respect to the first embodiment, and the day 32
is substantially sealed to the inner wall of the air passage 60, the latter fitting into the donor mouthpiece 10. However, the closed end 34 of the bag extends through an airway 60 into the curved tubular projection 22 that forms part of the recipient mouthpiece 12.

Various further modifications of the embodiments described and illustrated above are possible within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an end view of the first embodiment. 3 and 4 are axial cross-sectional views of the device in a perpendicular plane, respectively, on lines 1--2 and TV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view of the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a side view of the third embodiment. 7 and 8 are a side view and an axial cross-sectional view, respectively, of the fourth embodiment. In the figure, 10 is a donor mouthpiece, 12 is a recipient mouthpiece, 14 is an air channel, and 30 is an air permeable element. Patent applicant: Medimatic Limited Engraving of drawings (no change in content) Fig, 2 Procedural amendment (method) January 27, 1988 Commissioner of the Patent Office
. 2. Title of the invention: Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device 3. Relationship with the person making the amendment: Address of patent applicant: United Kingdom, N.R. 34 Niss.Y.
Norwich Silver Road Taverners Square, 6 Name: Medimatic Limited Representative: Cyril Rex Hilton Representative: James Cumming Tougan 4, Agent Address: 2-1-29 Minamimorimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka Sumitomo Bank Minamimorimachi Building Telephone Osaka (06) 361-2021 (Main) 6, 3. of the application subject to amendment. Column for the representative of the patent applicant, all drawings, power of attorney and translation 7, and contents of the amendment as shown in the attached sheet. Please note that there are no changes to the content of the drawings. that's all

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) A mouth-to-mouth resuscitation device including a donor mouthpiece for use by an operator and a recipient mouthpiece for placement in cooperation with a patient's mouth, the device comprising:
Where the two mouthpieces are joined by an air channel, an air passage is provided to prevent the passage of liquid at least in the recipient-to-donor direction, but to permit bidirectional passage of air between the mouthpieces. Device, characterized in that a permeable element (30) is fitted into the air channel. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air-permeable element (30) also prevents the passage of liquid in the direction from the donor to the recipient. (3) The air permeable element (30) has the trademark “PERMAI”
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made of a flexible sheet material such as that sold under RF. (4) the air permeable element (30) is in the form of a bag;
characterized in that the mouth of the bag is sealed inside the air channel and the closed end of the bag is directed towards and/or into the recipient mouthpiece (12 or 40),
Apparatus according to claim 3. (5) a perforation (4) through which the wall of the airway (14) passes from the inside of the airway to the outside at a location between the membrane and the recipient mouthpiece;
4), the perforation being dimensioned such that it can be easily closed by a finger. (6) Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the donor mouthpiece (10), the air channel (14) and the recipient mouthpiece (12 or 40) are made of injection molded plastic material. Apparatus according to any of paragraphs. (7) Donor mouthpiece (10) and airway (14)
) is made from a relatively hard plastic material, and the recipient mouthpiece (12) further includes a mouth cover (26) and a protrusion (22) made from a relatively soft plastic material for holding the tongue down. ),
Apparatus according to claim 6. (8) The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the air channel wall (50) is foldable so that the device can be stored in a compact state. . (9) The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a moisture-absorbing auxiliary filter (46) is installed in the air passage. (10) A device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a nose piece (15) adjacent to and loosely attached to the recipient mouthpiece (12).