JPS6317798B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to trinitrophenylmethyl nitramine (teritor), nitropentanone (nitropenta), trimethylene trinitramine (hexogen), tetramethylenetetranitramine (octogen) , lead nitride, and mixtures thereof, in which case 2 to 8% by weight of tetracene and 98 to 92% by weight of lead nitride or and other ingredients.

(Prior Art) Known puncture-sensitive igniter mixtures of this type are
Contains lead nitride containing ~8% tetracene. Such igniter mixtures have the advantage of detonating secondary explosives such as trinitrophenylmethylnitroamine, nitropentanone, trimethylenetrinitramine, tetramethylenetetranitramine, lead nitride. are doing. However, the drawback of such tetracene-containing igniter mixtures is that the deflagration temperature of tetracene is
It has a low deflagration temperature of 140℃. Detonators with such ignition powder mixtures do not meet the safety regulations against so-called spontaneous ignition.

Detonators for orbiting projectiles must meet strict safety regulations, including:

(a) The detonator shall, in the safe condition of the igniter, separate the effective explosive charge of the projectile from the direct detonating cord by a mechanical barrier.

(b) The detonator shall have high piercing sensitivity.

(c) The detonator must be safe against spontaneous ignition, i.e., the propellant charge ignites by conduction while the cartridge is lodged in the overheated gun barrel in the event of a malfunction of the weapon. Do not explode before. Therefore, there are at least 30 detonators
Must withstand temperatures of 200℃ or more for minutes. .

(d) The detonator shall not cause any damage visible from the outer periphery of the transition tube upon its accidental ignition in the safe position of the igniter.

According to the invention, the ignition powder mixture which satisfies the so-called safety regulations and does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks has a particle size of
Tetracene with a diameter of 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less accounts for 80%.

Such igniter mixtures in which the particle size of the tetracene is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm can be produced in various ways, for example by grinding, sieving or precipitation. The process according to the invention for producing this igniter mixture is characterized by the precipitation of tetracene crystals with a particle size of 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less.

Known detonators of this type have a detonator body with firstly a puncture-sensitive igniter mixture covered with a puncture plate and secondly an explosive charge consisting of a prime charge and a secondary explosive charge. . A cover plate of light metal or steel is placed over the explosive, which is preferentially a secondary explosive;
The cover plate is secured by edge bending and sealed with a coating material.

Such detonators, which have a three-component explosive charge consisting of a puncture-sensitive igniter mixture, a detonator and a secondary explosive, are expensive to manufacture.

Therefore, detonators are already known which contain only an explosive consisting of a puncture-sensitive igniter mixture and a secondary explosive, but without a primer. For such detonators, lead nitride, which has the already mentioned advantages and disadvantages of being able to ignite secondary explosives on the one hand, but not being safe against spontaneous ignition, on the other hand, and 2-8% tetracene are used. An ignition powder mixture containing . Such a detonator has the advantage that, in its manufacture, only two meterings and two squeezes are required, which makes its manufacture significantly cheaper and more efficient than three-element detonators. Make it easy.

When the igniter mixture according to the invention is used in a detonator cap, 20 to 50% of the igniter mixture according to the invention which is sensitive to puncture is contained in the detonator body and the remainder is lead nitride, trinitrophenylmethyl nitramine, nitropene. Contains secondary explosives such as tanone, trimethylenetrinitramine, tetramethylenetetranitramine, and lead nitride, and this detonator body has a maximum diameter of 4 to 5 mm.
It is characterized by having a diameter of 5 to 6 mm and a length of 5 to 6 mm.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to some examples.

For experimental purposes, the following igniter mixtures were prepared and tested by heating appropriate detonator bodies in a furnace. An electric thermometer etc. was used for temperature measurement. The deflagration temperature was determined indirectly by measuring the temperature inside the reactor at the moment of detonation, and the detonator was of the above dimensions. The particle size is expressed in terms of diameter in μm.

(1) Lead nitride: 95%, tetracene: 5%, particle size;
100μm or more, deflagration temperature: approximately 140℃ (2) Lead nitride: 97.5%, tetracene: 2.5%, particle size: 100μm or more, deflagration temperature: 140℃ (3) Lead nitride: 95%, tetracene: 5%, 10μm<
Particle size <40μm (4) Lead nitride: 93%, tetracene: 7%, 10μm<
Particle size <40μm, deflagration temperature: approx. 320℃ (5) Lead nitride: 91%, tetracene: 9%, 10μm<
Particle size <40μm, deflagration temperature: approx. 150℃ (6) Lead trinitroresorcinate (lead tricinate), barium nitrate, antimony trisulfide, carborundum: 95%, tetracene: 5%, particle size:
Larger than 100μm, deflagration temperature: approx. 150℃ (7) 40% lead trinitroresorcinate, 20% lead nitride
%, barium nitrate 20%, antimony trisulfide 13
%, carborundum 2%, tetracene 5%,
10μm<particle size<40μm Deflagration temperature: greater than 200℃(8) 2.5% tetracene 10μm<particle size<40μm
97.5% lead nitride and 23% piercing igniter, consisting of
77% lead nitride, autoignition temperature >200°C (9) 2.5% tetracene, with particle size < 40 μm < 10 μm
97.5% lead nitride and 50% piercing igniter, consisting of
50% lead nitride, autoignition temperature >200°C (10) 2.5% tetracene, with particle size < 40 μm < 10 μm
58.8% piercing ignition powder consisting of 97.5% lead nitride, 41.5% lead nitride, spontaneous ignition temperature: less than 200°C. These experiments show that tetracene, due to its predominant narrow shape and well-distributed distribution, It has been shown that tetracene-containing igniter mixtures can be produced that are safe against spontaneous ignition when used.

Such igniter mixtures are placed in the detonator and have a high degree of puncture sensitivity and contain especially trinitrophenylmethyl nitramine, nitropentanone,
Suitable for detonating secondary explosives consisting of trimethylenetrinitramine, tetramethylenetetranitramine, and lead nitride. However, there are limits to the permissible tetracene content in lead nitride and the total amount of igniter mixture in the detonator. For example, with 2.5% tetracene
If the detonator is manufactured with an ignition mixture consisting of 97.5% lead nitride, the proportion of the ignition mixture must not be more than 50% of the total amount, otherwise the spontaneous ignition safety is guaranteed. do not have. On the other hand, the igniter mixture must not have a tetracene content of more than 8%, for example, since even higher contents of tetracene do not guarantee spontaneous ignition safety.

The invention also relates to other ignition powder admixtures, such as friction agents. Such agents include lead trinitroresorcinates, potassium hydrochloride or lead or barium nitrate, calcium silicide, antimony trisulfide and glass or quartz powder. In order to increase the puncture sensitivity of such drugs, the deflagration temperature may also be increased.
Fine-grained tetracene can be added in proportions of 2 to 8% without lowering the temperature below 200°C.

Overall, the following characteristics are revealed from the various experiments described for the ignition powder mixture.

(1) The deflagration temperature depends on the particle size, and as the particle size increases, the deflagration temperature becomes lower and lower, and when the deflagration temperature falls below 200℃, spontaneous ignition safety is no longer guaranteed.

(2) The puncture sensitivity depends on the proportion of tetracene.
As the proportion of tetracene increases, the puncture sensitivity becomes increasingly greater. If the tetracene content is too low, the puncture sensitivity is insufficient.

(3) Deflagration temperature also depends on the proportion of tetracene.
As the proportion of tetracene increases, the deflagration temperature becomes lower and lower, and when the deflagration temperature is below 200°C, spontaneous ignition safety is no longer guaranteed.

(4) Deflagration temperature depends on the amount of piercing igniter in the detonator. As the amount of piercing igniter mixture increases, the deflagration temperature becomes lower and lower, and when it goes below 200°C, spontaneous ignition safety is no longer guaranteed.

(5) Penetration sensitivity also depends on the tetracene content of the sensitive ignition agent. As the tetracene content decreases, the puncture sensitivity decreases. If the tetracene content is too low, the puncture sensitivity will be insufficient.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A secondary explosive containing any of the following substances: trinitrophenylmethylnitroamine, nitropentanone, trimethylenetrinitramine, tetramethylenetetranitramine, lead nitride, and a mixture thereof. can be used to ignite
In order to reach deflagration temperatures higher than 200 °C in puncture-sensitive igniter mixtures, then containing 2-8% by weight of tetracene and 98-92% by weight of lead nitride or other components. , a puncture-sensitive igniter mixture characterized in that at least the majority of the tetracene has a particle size greater than 10 μm and less than 40 μm. 2. The stab-sensitive igniter mixture according to claim 1, wherein the other components are lead trinitroresorcinate, barium nitrate, antimony trinitrate and carborundum.