JPS63170588A - Fluid machine with automatic blade angle inversion - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the efficiency both in regular and reverse rotation by performing vane angle adjustment by a pinion and rack device through a movable shaft, a moving metal piece, and a screw shaft driven by a drive machine. CONSTITUTION:A screw shaft 14 rotates in one or opposite direction when a drive machine 1 to drive vanes 3 is driven either in the regular or reverse direction. With rotation of this screw shaft 14 a moving metal piece 9 moves to the left or right for a certain distance, and pinion and rack devices 6, 8 turn the vanes 3 to the specified position, where they are retained. This allows operation of vanes with high efficiency regardless of rotating direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an axial flow blower or a trickle pump (in this specification, both are collectively referred to as a fluid machine) with automatically reversing blade angles. ) regarding.

[Conventional technology]

As shown in Fig. 3, a conventional reversible fan fixes the mounting angle of the blades 103 to make the cross-sectional shape of the blades symmetrical, and changes the direction of air flow by rotating the drive device (mainly the motor) forward or reverse. There are things that are changing. As shown in FIG. 4, another conventional reversible fan has a drive unit inside and a forward rotation blade 203 and a reverse rotation blade 204 attached to both shaft ends.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Among the conventional reversible fans mentioned above, in the former type, the installation angle of the blades is fixed, the cross-sectional shape of the blades is made symmetrical, and the rotation direction of the drive unit is changed, resulting in the same performance in both forward and reverse rotation. However, the efficiency was low due to the shape of the blades.

In addition, in the latter type, the forward rotation blade and the reverse rotation blade with the optimal airfoil shape are installed at both shaft ends of the drive machine, respectively, and the rotation direction is changed, but the busy blade on the wake side is The disadvantage is that the efficiency is low because the flow is disturbed and the rotation loss is large.

In order to improve the above-mentioned incompatibility, the present invention uses blades with an optimal airfoil shape and a blade angle of 18 during normal rotation and reverse rotation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid machine that can obtain the same highly efficient performance in both forward rotation and reverse rotation by inverting the rotation angle by 0°.

[Means for solving problems]

As mentioned above, in the present invention, in order to change the blade angle of a fluid machine, a pneumatic device, a hydraulic device, a variable electric motor, etc. are not used, and the screw shaft driven by a drive machine, meshing with the same screw shaft, is used. A movable shaft interlocked with a sliding movable hardware, a shaft end of the movable shaft 115K attached, and a plurality of pairs of pinion rack devices and a plurality of blades with pinions of the pinion rack device attached to the shaft ends. By using only the rotational force of the driving machine of the Q-fluid machine, the machine can be kept busy, the blade angle can be automatically changed, and the fluid machine can be operated efficiently.

[Effect]

As mentioned above, the present invention rotates the screw shaft in one direction or the opposite direction by driving the drive machine that drives the blade in either the forward or reverse direction, and the moving hardware is moved in a predetermined direction by the rotation of the screw shaft. can be moved to the left or right by a distance of , and the blade can be rotated into position and held in position according to its direction of rotation.

Therefore, in the present invention, a blade having an optimal shape is automatically rotated to a predetermined position determined by the operating direction, and by this button, the fluid machine can be operated under highly efficient conditions. In other words, they have the same performance.

Furthermore, in the present invention, there is no turbulence in the wake of the blades, which also contributes to a reduction in noise.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention (in the case of a blower) will be described with reference to FIG.

1 is a drive machine, and an impeller 2 is attached to one side of the drive machine, and a required number of blades 3 are fitted on the circumference of the impeller 2. The blade 3 has an airfoil shape that is optimal for the usage conditions, as shown by 3a in the figure. A thrust bearing 4 is attached to a blade shaft 18 passing through the impeller 2 in order to reduce rotational torque of the blades, and is positioned by a nut 5 screwed into the blade shaft 18. A pinion 6 is attached to the inner peripheral end of the blade shaft 18. Together with the pinion 6, the blade 3 is attached to the blade shaft 18.
It is designed to rotate around the Drill a hole in the center of [rotating shaft of drive machine l] to provide a hollow hole, and insert movable shaft 7 therein. A rack 8 as shown in FIG. 2 is attached to the impeller 2 side of the movable shaft 7 in a polygonal shape, and a pinion 6 at the end of the impeller shaft
The pinion 6 and rack 8 constitute a pinion rack device. On the opposite side of the drive machine 10 and the impeller 2, a forward and reverse rotation device as shown is installed. A movable hardware 9 is attached to a thrust bearing 10 on the movable shaft 7.
The lower end of the movable hardware 9 is fitted into the groove B of the rotation stopper 11 attached to the casing 19. A spur gear 12 is attached to the end of the rotating shaft 1a of the driving machine 1 opposite to the impeller 2, and a screw shaft 14 is interlocked therewith via a phase gear 13. The center part of the screw shaft 14 has a length l.
A threaded portion 14a is provided over the entire length, and as the threaded portion 14a rotates, the threaded portion A of the movable hardware 9 engages with the threaded portion 14a and moves in the axial direction. The threaded portion 14a has a length l that allows the blade to rotate 180 degrees, and when the blade rotates 180 degrees, the threaded portion 14a and the threaded portion A
The screw shaft 14 is configured so that only the screw shaft 14 rotates idly when the mesh of the screw shaft 14 is disengaged. In addition, a compression spring 16 is interposed between the rotation preventing hardware 11 and the side surface of the movable hardware 9 as shown in the figure, and presses the movable hardware 9 to the left during forward rotation as shown in FIG. The spring force is set to a value weaker than the blade thrust. Furthermore, in FIG. 1, an electromagnet 17 is provided on the left side of the detent hardware 11 for fixing the movable hardware against the blade thrust when it is energized.

FIG. 1 shows the case of forward rotation, where a thrust force acts on the blade 3 in the axial direction indicated by the arrow, compressing the spring 16 and compressing the spring 16.
The movable hardware 9 is in the illustrated position, and the threaded portion 14a does not mesh with the screw A, so that the threaded portion 14a is in an idling state.

When the blade stops rotating 30 times and there is no thrust, the moving bracket 9
is pushed by the spring 16, and its threaded portion A comes into contact with the end surface of the screw VL14a of the screw shaft 14.

When the rotating shaft 1a is driven to rotate the blade 3 in the opposite direction,
At the same time, the screw shaft 14 also rotates in the opposite direction via the gears 12 and 13, and the meshing of the screw portion 14L and the screw A causes the movable hardware 9 and the movable shaft 7 to move to the left. As a result, the pinion 6 and the blade 3, which are engaged with the rack 8 of the movable shaft 7, rotate in a predetermined direction. When the blade 3 rotates 180 degrees and assumes a predetermined position suitable for the reverse direction, the screw P
A14a comes off from the screw A, the shaft 14 idles, and the movement of the movable shaft 7 is completed.

In the case of reverse rotation, the thrust force of the blades 3 acts in the same direction as in the forward rotation, so the electromagnet 17, which has a force stronger than this thrust force, is excited to fix the movable fitting 9. In this way, the electromagnet 17 is energized only during reverse rotation, and demagnetized during forward rotation.
A engages with screw A again, and the blade angle is switched to the opposite direction.

Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the blade 3 having an optimal shape is moved to a predetermined position fa determined by the rotation direction.
It can be moved and held at that position, and can be operated under conditions of high efficiency in both forward and reverse rotations, and with the same performance in both forward and reverse rotations.

Therefore, for example, both air blowing and air exhausting can be operated with high efficiency, and power consumption is reduced.

In addition, the mechanism for reversing the impeller 3 in this embodiment, that is, the screw shaft 14, the movable hardware 9, the movable shaft 7, the rack 8, the pinion 6, etc., is automatically operated by the driver lK as described above, and therefore No separate drive for the reversing machine is required. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since these mechanisms are mechanical, no expensive hydraulic or pneumatic or electrical equipment is required, which can reduce costs.

Since this embodiment has the above-mentioned effects, it can be used effectively when it is difficult to install a device other than the blower body, for example, when the blower is suspended from a tunnel ceiling.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the following effects can be achieved by the present invention.

(1) An optimally shaped blade can be operated under conditions of high efficiency regardless of whether the blade is in forward or reverse rotation, and the performance is the same in both forward and reverse directions. Therefore, high efficiency operation is possible regardless of forward or reverse rotation, and power consumption is reduced.

(2) In the present invention, the mechanism for reversing the blades is automatically operated by the blade driver, so there is no need for a separate driver for the reversing mechanism, and since it is mechanical, expensive hydraulic and pneumatic No pressure equipment is required, and costs can be reduced.

Although the present invention has mainly been described above for a blower, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be implemented for an axial flow pump.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view showing a main part in cross section, and Figs. 3 and 4 are explanatory drawings showing an example of a conventional blower. It is. In the drawing, l is a drive machine, 3 is a blade, 6 is a pinion, 7 is a movable shaft, 8 is a rack, 9 is a moving hardware, 12, 13
is a gear, and 14 is a screw shaft.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A drive machine, a screw shaft driven by the drive machine, a movable hardware that meshes with and slides on the screw shaft, a movable shaft that interlocks with the movable hardware, and multiple pairs of pinion rack devices attached to the ends of the movable shaft. , and a plurality of blades driven by the drive machine and having a pinion of the pinion rack device attached to the shaft end.