JPS63168493A - Flame-retardant cutting oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title cutting oil having excellent cutting quality, rust- preventive properties, anti-foaming properties, and flame retardancy, by mixing a polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, alkali metal salts or amine salts of specified mixed carboxylic acids, and water. CONSTITUTION:At least one 12-24C (un)saturated monocarboxylic acid (a) is mixed with at least one carboxylic acid (b) selected from among 8-10C (un)saturated monocarboxylic acids and 8-12C dicarboxylic acids in a weight ratio of (a) to (b) 20-80:80-20. This mixture is reacted with an alkali metal or an amine to give alkali metal salts or amine salts of the mixed carboxylic acids. 55-89wt.% polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether of the formula (wherein R is 1-4C alkyl; n is 4-11), having a molecular weight of 200-500 is mixed with 1-15wt.% of the salts thus obtained, 10-30wt.% water of a hardness of 100 or lower, and if necessary, an anti-foaming agent, a metal-corrosion inhibitor, an antioxidant, an antiseptic, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting fluid used in metal processing, particularly cutting, and more particularly relates to a flame-retardant cutting fluid with excellent cutting performance, anti-corrosion properties, and anti-foaming properties. .

Conventional technology Recent machining factories have introduced NC machine tools, automatic tool changers, etc. to perform continuous, unmanned machining operations, improving productivity and stably producing high-quality workpieces. Production methods are evolving. Cutting fluids applied to such production lines are required to be flame retardant, first of all, from the standpoint of disaster prevention and safety, in order to achieve labor-saving or unmanned production.

In addition, from a machining perspective, it is required to have machining accuracy and tool life comparable to conventional water-insoluble cutting fluids that are made from mineral oil and have oil-based agents or extreme pressure additives added thereto. In order to impart flame retardancy, 10%
Flash point tests, such as JIS K-2541 (19
84) or as determined from the results of flammability tests, etc.

On the other hand, as the amount of water in the cutting fluid increases, machining accuracy and tool life decrease.Especially in machining that involves a lot of vanishing action, such as tapping or broaching, the deterioration in machinability is significant. This makes it difficult to make flame retardant. Therefore, in unmanned factories that require flame-retardant cutting fluids, emulsion-type water-soluble cutting fluids are diluted 5 to 10 times with water, sacrificing machinability.
Generally used. In such cases, machining may be carried out within a limited range by relaxing the machining conditions or by selecting a material with excellent machinability such as cast iron or aluminum alloy. Only.

As a composition of flame-retardant cutting fluid with excellent machinability.

A W10 type emulsion is known, which is made of mineral oil, fat or oil, or fatty acid ester as a base material, and has a surfactant and water dispersed therein. This type of flame-retardant cutting fluid has relatively excellent cutting properties and rust prevention properties, but the emulsion may deteriorate due to contamination with sliding surface lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, metal working oil used in the previous process, or evaporation of water. Gelling often occurs. As a result, the pump cannot supply the emulsion to the blade, resulting in extremely reduced machining accuracy and tool life. Therefore, in order to maintain machining efficiency,
Daily fluid management must be strengthened and the total exchange period of cutting fluid must be shortened, and W10 emulsion is disadvantageous in terms of use and economy, and is unsuitable for unmanned machines.

In order to suppress gelation, which is a drawback of W10 emulsion, a flame-retardant cutting fluid based on ice-soluble polyethylene glycol, such as the polyethylene glycol disclosed in JP-A-57-21495, is used at room temperature. There is a cutting fluid that is characterized by exhibiting a liquid state. However, cutting fluids made of polyethylene glycol as a base material with a small amount of water added (for example, polyethylene glycol 500 to.

parts by weight and 10 to 60 parts by weight of water) has a +Am
It has insufficient corrosion resistance and is very poor in rust prevention against iron-based metals, especially 14 iron. Moreover, when used repeatedly, it has the disadvantage of generating fine bubbles that are difficult to eliminate, making it difficult to apply it in a stable manner.

As mentioned above, conventional flame-retardant cutting fluids meet all of the main performances required for cutting fluids, such as machinability, rust prevention, anti-foaming properties, liquid stability when used for a long period of time, and economic efficiency. At present, there is no one with a satisfactory composition and no effective solution has been found.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Among the above-mentioned properties, the present invention focuses on machinability, rust prevention, antifoaming properties, and stability of the liquid during long-term use.

The present invention provides a flame-retardant cutting fluid with excellent economic efficiency.

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of extensive research, the present inventor has found that machinability, rust prevention, and erasability can be improved by using a specific polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether as a base material, and by composing an oily agent, a rust prevention additive, and water. The present invention was accomplished by discovering that a flame-retardant cutting fluid with excellent foaming properties, liquid stability during long-term use, and economical efficiency can be obtained.

The present invention consists of: (1) 55 to 89% by weight of polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by the general formula (1) R-0-(CH2-CH2-0) rl-H(1) (wherein R has 1 to 4 carbon atoms; an alkyl group, n represents an integer of 4 to 11; (a) one or more than two M selected from the group of saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and (b) carbon: Il number. A mixture with one or more selected from the group of saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms and dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 12 carbon atoms,
The weight ratio of (a):(b) is 20:80 to 80:
This is a flame-retardant cutting fluid characterized by containing 1 to 15% by weight of an alkali metal salt or amine salt of a mixed carboxylic acid in the range of 20% by weight and 10 to 30% by weight of water.

(Polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether) The polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether that can be used in the present invention is produced by adding 4 to 11 moles of 7 alcohol represented by the following formula (2) by a conventional method.

R-OH (2)(
(R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) In the present invention, polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether is used as a base material for a flame-retardant cutting fluid. In terms of machinability and antifoaming properties, a molecular weight of 200 to 500 is suitable. If the molecular weight is less than 200, the machinability is poor;
Exceeding this will result in poor defoaming properties. Among them, polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether whose alcohol is methanol and whose molecular weight is 200 to 250 is suitable from the viewpoint of both machinability and antifoaming properties.

Furthermore, unlike polyethylene glycol, the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether has good compatibility with oily agents and anti-rust additives, and even when these additives are added, the liquid stability is excellent.

(Carboxylic acid salt) The carboxylic acid that can be used in the present invention is a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and a dyadic acid having C-012 carbon atoms, and these are generally Use as salt.

Bases used to form salts include alkali metals and amines such as cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine and alkanolamines. Among these, alkanolamine salts are preferred because of their excellent compatibility with the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether.

Saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid salts having 12 to 24 carbon atoms are used as oily agents; saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid salts having 8 to 10 carbon atoms and 8 to 24 carbon atoms
12 dibasic acid salts are used as anticorrosion additives. In this way, (a) one or more selected from the group of saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and (l) a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms; A mixture of one or more dicarboxylic acids selected from the group of dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, with a weight ratio of (a): (a) of 20 = 80 to 80:
When alkali metal salts or amine salts of mixed carboxylic acids having a range of 20% are applied, they exhibit excellent machinability, rust prevention, and antifoaming properties. If the weight ratio of (a) is less than 20, machinability will be greatly reduced, and if it exceeds 80, antifoaming properties and stability of the stock solution will deteriorate, which is not preferable. Also,
The amount of the alkali metal salt or amine salt of mixed carboxylic acid added is preferably 1-15% by weight. Addition amount is 1% by weight
If the amount is less than 15%, the rust prevention properties are poor, and if the amount added exceeds 15% by weight, the machinability and rust prevention properties are not significantly improved, which is unfavorable as it is uneconomical and reduces the defoaming property.

(Water) In the present invention, tap water and purified water can be used as water. If well water with high hardness is used, scum of the carboxylic acid salts will be generated and the finish will not be uniform and transparent, so water with a hardness of 100 or less is preferable. The amount of water added is 10
A range of 30% by weight is suitable.

Water is 10! If the amount is less than i%, flame retardancy is lacking, and if it is more than 30% by weight, machinability is poor.

(Other components) In the present invention, antifoaming agents, metal anticorrosive agents, antioxidants,
Preservatives and the like can be used as appropriate.

(Manufacturing method) In order to manufacture the flame-retardant cutting fluid of the present invention, each component may be mixed according to a method similar to that used for manufacturing conventional water-soluble cutting fluids.

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be explained by examples. However, the following examples do not limit the present invention in any way; parts in the examples represent parts by weight.

Example-1 5 parts of jetanolamine, 3 parts of oleic acid, and 1 part of pelargonic acid are placed in a mixing pot with stirring and heated to 50°C to uniformly dissolve them. After dissolving, stop heating and add 24 parts of water and 67 parts of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (4 moles of ethylene oxide adduct) while stirring.
1, and dissolved uniformly to prepare a composition.

Example 2 A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above.

Jetanolamine 4-part oleic acid
2-part dodecanedioic acid
1 part Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 70 parts (E, 0 4 mole adduct) Water 2
Part 3 Example-3 A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example-1 above.

Triethanolamine 5-part lysyl uric acid
Bipartite azelaic acid
1.5 parts Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 69.5 parts (E, 0 4
molar adduct) water 2
Part 2 Example-4 A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example-1 above.

Diisopropaturamine 4-part oleic acid
2-part capric acid
1 part Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 70 parts (E, 0 10 mole adduct) Water 2
Part 3 Example-5 A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example-1 above.

Triethanolamine 5 parts Potassium hydroxide 0.5 parts Lycylic acid
0.5 part oleic acid
0.5 parts pelargonic acid 2
Parts Dodecanedioic acid 2 parts Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 68 parts (E, 0 8 parts
molar adduct) water
21.5 parts Comparative Example-1 Polyethylene glycol 76 parts (molecular weight 200
) water 2
4 parts Comparative Example-2 Polyethylene glycol 76 parts (molecular weight 500
) Wednesday 24
Part Comparative Example-3 A water-insoluble cutting fluid (product corresponding to JIS Type 2 No. 3) whose composition is shown below.

Mineral oil 95 parts [viscosity 10c
St (40℃)] Chlorinated paraffin 3 parts (chlorine content
50% by weight) Rapeseed oil 2 parts Note) Flash point 1
60°C Book JIS K2241 (1988) Comparative Example-4 An emulsion bottle type water-soluble cutting fluid (product corresponding to JIS W1 class No. 2) whose composition is shown below.

Mineral oil 57 parts [viscosity 45c
St (40℃) Chlorinated paraffin 8 parts (chlorine content
50% by weight) 10 parts of sulfurized fatty oil (sulfur content
Anionic surfactant 15 parts Nonionic surfactant 10 parts The above composition was diluted 5 times with water and a solution was used as a sample.

The performance of the compositions of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 of this JIS K2241 (1986) was evaluated in the following experiments.

Performance evaluation (cutting performance) The end face of the pipe was cut two-dimensionally using a lathe, and the maximum wear width of the flank surface of the tool at a cutting length of 1000 m was measured to evaluate the cutting performance.

The cutting conditions are shown in Table 1, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.

! s1 Table 2 Note) ■: Wear radius is small, Δ: Wear width is quite large, ×: Wear width is very large (rust prevention property) The rust prevention property was evaluated by the cast iron chip method. That is, approximately 15 g of dry-cut casting chips (FG-2
5, 8-12 meshes) in a Petri dish (inner diameter 60 mm)
25 mJL of sample liquid was added thereto, thoroughly shaken, and left to stand for about 4 minutes. Next, the sample liquid was removed by a decanting method, and the state of rust generated on the Petri dish was examined over time. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 note) Rust prevention property ■: No rust formation ×: Rust formation at more than 10 points (antifoaming property) Antifoaming property was evaluated by a circulation test. That is,
A 201 volume container (shape 20cm x 20cm) containing 10 sample solutions
mX50cm) and pump at 20JL/min.
The mixture was continuously circulated for one week at a flow rate of 1, and the foaming properties over time were observed with the naked eye. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Note) ■: Almost no foaming Δ: Some foaming ×: Effect of the invention with a lot of foaming The flame-retardant cutting fluid of the present invention has the same machinability as water-insoluble fluids.
An oil agent with excellent anti-foaming and anti-corrosion properties.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] Polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by general formula (1) 55 to 89% by weight R-O-(CH_2-CH_2-O)_n-H(1)(
In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 4 to 11. ) [2] (a) one or more selected from the group of saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and (b) saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, and A mixture with one or more selected from the group of dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 12 carbon atoms,
1 to 15% by weight of an alkali metal salt or amine salt of a mixed carboxylic acid in which the weight ratio of a):(b) is in the range of 20:80 to 80:20 [3] 10 to 30% by weight of water. A flame-retardant cutting fluid with special characteristics.