JPS63166601A - Bearing unit for wheel of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the life of accuracy, in the captioned unit in which a rotational number detecting means is built in, by covering a signal generating means on the rotary member side and a signal detecting means on the fixed member side with a closed member so as to prevent invasion of earth, sand and so forth. CONSTITUTION:A cover case 11 is installed so that it covers a pulser 10 as a signal generating means which is formed in a body with a nut 6, and a sensor 12 as a signal detector is fixed on this cover case 11, and the opposing parts of the pulser 10 and the sensor 12 are stored in the cover 11. In this constitution, as the pulser 10 is rotated with a shaft 3 and the inner wheel 2, the flux put out from the permanent magnet of the sensor 12 is changed by radial protrusion of the pulser. 10, and the rotational number can be detected. At this time, invasion of earth, sand and so forth can be prevented by the cover 11, and the rotational number can be accurately detected for a long time.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention comprises a rolling member, a retainer, an outer member, and an inner member, the outer member is fixed to a vehicle body as a fixed member, and the inner member is fixed to a vehicle body. The present invention relates to a bearing unit for an automobile wheel, which is attached to a wheel to form a rotating member, and has a rotation speed detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the rotation member.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, the number of revolutions of each wheel of a car has been determined by detecting the number of revolutions of each wheel and adjusting the number of revolutions of each wheel to prevent the wheels from locking up when the brakes are suddenly applied on an icy road. It is designed to split the operation of each brake cylinder. As this rotational speed detection means, one shown in FIG. 13 is known.

The rotation speed detecting means includes an inner ring 51 fixed to an axle end 50 for an idler wheel protruding from the lower side of the vehicle body, and a retainer 5.
A plurality of rolling elements 53 are connected in an annular manner at 2 and fitted onto the inner ring, and a wheel 54 is fitted around the rolling elements 53 so as to be rotatable.
A ferromagnetic material is provided in an automobile wheel bearing portion consisting of an outer ring 55 to which a wheel 55 is attached, is fitted and fixed to the end of the outer ring 55 on the side opposite to the wheel 54, and has a gear-shaped curve on the outer periphery. A speed sensor 57 is fixed to the base of the axle end 50 of the vehicle body at a slight distance from the outer circumference of the pulser 56, and has a built-in permanent magnet and coil.
Consists of. When the pulser 56 rotates together with the wheel 54, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet of the speed sensor 57 is changed by the gear-shaped protrusion on the outer periphery of the pulser.
An alternating voltage with a frequency proportional to the number of rotations of the pulsar is generated in the coil, and the number of rotations of the wheels 54 is determined by detecting the frequency of this alternating voltage.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the above-mentioned conventional rotational speed detection means does not attach the speed sensor 57 to the base of the axle end 50 of the vehicle body and the protective cover 58 of the vehicle body.
Earth and sand or muddy water enters the detection end of the speed sensor 57 from the outside as shown by arrow A through the gap between the protective cover 58 and the brake shoe 59 fixed to the outer ring 54. However, there is a drawback that the detection end is damaged. In addition, the above-mentioned earth and sand and muddy water are
6. If it also damages the gear part on the outer periphery, and if it adheres to the groove of the gear, it will cause clogging, and in either case, it will cause a serious problem of not being able to detect rotational pulses with high precision.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a small and lightweight automobile equipped with a wheel rotation speed detection means that is free from damage due to the intrusion of dirt or muddy water from the outside, and can therefore detect rotation speeds with high precision and for a long period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing unit for a wheel.

In order to achieve the above object, a rolling member, a retainer, an outer member, and an inner member are provided, the outer member is fixed to the vehicle body as a fixed member, and the inner member is fixed to the vehicle body. The bearing unit for an automobile wheel of the present invention is fixed to the shaft end of the rotating member and generates a signal according to the number of rotations, and the fixed member is attached to the rotating member. A signal detector fixed to face the signal generating means and detecting a signal generated by the signal generating means, and a sealing member covering at least a portion where the signal generating means and the signal detector face each other. It is characterized by

The signal generating means fixed to the wheel side rotating member of the automobile wheel bearing unit and the signal detector fixed to the vehicle body side fixed member are covered with a sealing member at their opposing parts, so that they cannot be exposed to the outside. The above-mentioned parts will not be damaged or malfunction due to the intrusion of dirt and muddy water, and therefore the rotational speed of the wheels can be accurately detected over a long period of time by the above-mentioned signal generating means and signal detector.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to illustrated embodiments.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are a longitudinal sectional view and a front view showing an embodiment of a bearing unit for an automobile wheel, in which -1 is an outer ring fixed to a vehicle body (not shown) and forms a fixing member; 2 is an outer ring shown at one end; FIG. an axle 3 that grows a flange 3C to which an idler wheel is attached; and an inner ring member 4 that fits externally on the other end of this axle.
and a nut 6 which is screwed onto a male thread 3b at the other end of the axle to fix the inner ring member 4 to the axle via a washer 5, and is an inner ring which is inserted into the outer ring l to form a rotating member. Further, 7°8 is a cage 9.9, which is a plurality of balls serving as rolling elements arranged annularly at regular intervals from each other in the circumferential direction. The above method 7 is a raceway groove t a where the outer ring l and the axle 3 face each other,
3a, the above-mentioned groove 8 is fitted between the opposing raceway grooves 1b and 4b of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring member 4, respectively, so as to be freely rollable.

Reference numeral 10 denotes grooves 10 that are integrally formed with the nut 6 and are provided radially in the radial direction at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on the rear end surface.
a pulsar as a signal generating means consisting of a flange having a flange, a cover case 12 as a sealing member attached to the end face of the outer ring l so as to cover the pulsar 10, and a cover case 12 with its tip facing the pulsar lO. This is a sensor fixed to 11 as a signal detector. There are various types of sensors 12, such as those with built-in permanent magnets and coils, and those using magnetic resistance elements, but in this example, one with built-in permanent magnets and coils is illustrated. .

The outer ring l has a trapezoidal flange 1 formed at its rear end.
It is fixed to the lower end of a strut (not shown) attached to the vehicle body with bolts (not shown) inserted through bolt holes 1d at the four corners of the frame (c). On the other hand, on the flange 3C of the inner ring 2,
The tire is attached to the idler wheel portion using the bolt 13 inserted into the bolt hole 3b of 4g. The space between the front end of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 is sealed with a sealing member 14 such as an oil seal 1 and a bearing seal.
1, the inner ring 2 is inserted into the outer ring 1. Ball 7.
8 and retainer 9 are completely sealed from the outside.

In the automobile wheel bearing unit having the above configuration,
When the car is running, the axle with the idler wheels 3. The inner ring 2 rotates, and the pulser 10 also rotates together with the inner ring 2. Then, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet of the sensor 12 installed on the cover case 11 on the vehicle body side changes due to the radial projections of the pulser, and the coil of the sensor 12 has a frequency proportional to the rotation speed of the pulser 10. AC voltage is generated.

Then, the frequency of the AC voltage outputted from the sensor 12 is detected by a detector (not shown) to determine the rotational speed of the idler wheel. At this time, the tips of the pulser 10 and the sensor 12 are completely sealed from the outside by the cover case 11 and the q sealing member 29, so that no dirt or muddy water enters into these parts from the outside. Pulsa I
O and the sensor 12 accurately detect the rotational speed of the idler wheel over a long period of time. Moreover, since the above-mentioned pulsar IO is provided in the inner ring 2 instead of the outer ring as in the conventional example, the pulsar can be made smaller and lighter, and the wheel bearing unit can be made more compact.

FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) schematically show modified examples of the pulsar.
is made of a non-magnetic material such as plastic or aluminum, and a parallel or radial pattern of magnetic material such as iron 27. is obtained by etching, adhering, embedding, plating, etc. on the outer peripheral surface 25a or end surface 2.6a. It consists of 28 etc. If the main bodies 25 and 26 of the Pulsar IO are made of plastic deck or aluminum in this way, the weight of the wheel bearing unit can be further reduced.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the pulser and sensor of the bearing unit for a wheel of an automobile.

In this modification, the inner ring 2 is fitted onto the axle 3, and the nut 31
A gear-shaped groove 30a is provided on the outer periphery of the small diameter portion of the rear end of the inner ring member 30, which is fixed to the inner ring member 30.The part where this groove 30a exists is used as a pulser 31, and the sensor 32 is mounted with its tip facing the pulser 31. It is fixed to the outer ring l. Other points are the same structure as in FIG. 1, so explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 are longitudinal sectional views showing other modified examples of the pulser and the sensor. In this modification, as shown in FIG. 5, a ring 36, which is a pulser, is fitted to the outer periphery of the rear end of a nut 35 that fixes the inner ring member 4 to the axle 3 of the inner ring 2. Sensor 3
7 is fixed to a cover case 11. The above ring 36
As shown in the half-sectional view of FIG. 6 and the perspective view of FIG. A large number of elongated slits 36b, 36b, . . . are formed at a constant pitch. As shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 7,
The flange portion 36a is brought into contact with the rear end surface of the nut 35, and is press-fitted onto the outer periphery of the nut 35 and fixed j7. According to this modification, there is no need to perform gear cutting directly on the inner ring member 4 or the nut 35 that fixes it, and the pulser 36 has a compact structure.
can be equipped without any hassle.

8 and 9 show the outer ring 4 as in the conventional example shown in FIG. 13.
1 constitutes a rotating member for mounting the wheel (Y), and the inner ring 42
A modification is shown in which the same ring 36 as described above is used as a pulser and is fitted to the outer ring 41 when the ring 36 forms a fixed member fixed to the vehicle body. In the above modification, if there is a risk of dirt or muddy water entering the slit 36b as in the conventional example,
A synthetic resin is injection molded to fill the inside and cover the entire outer circumference of the ring 36, and the outer diameter of the ring is expanded with the synthetic resin as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 9. Even if it invades for this reason, it can be prevented from adhering to the slit 36b. Further, the synthetic resin also serves to prevent the ring 36 fitted into the nut 35 from being pulled out.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another modification of the pulsar. In this modification, an inner ring member 4 is fitted onto the axle 3 of the inner ring 2.
is fixed with a nut 31 via a washer 45. Then, the outer periphery of the washer 45 is formed into a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction, and a large number of linear notches 45a, 45a, . It is said that According to this modification, the pulsar 45 can be easily manufactured by pressing and punching a thin plate, and it can be mounted on the nut 31 even more easily.

FIG. 1f is a longitudinal sectional view showing another modification of the pulser and sensor. In this modification, the nut 47 for fixing the inner ring member 4 to the axle 3 is a long nut having a long dimension in the axial direction, and the cylindrical outer circumference of the long nut 47 has a large number of spline grooves 47a extending in the axial direction.

47a, . . . are provided, and this long nut 47 is used as a pulser. Four sensors 48 are arranged at regular intervals substantially in the direction of the spline grooves 47a and fixed to the cover case 11 so that their tips face the spline grooves 47a, 47a, . . . , and the output signals of these sensors 48 are used to detect the number of cycles. 49. The four sensors 48 mentioned above are
As shown in the schematic plan view of FIG. 12(a), the long nut 4
1 pitch P of the spline groove 47a provided on the outer periphery of 7
Cover case l! Fixed. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 12(b), the four sensors 48 are installed in the axial direction between one pitch P'' of the spline groove 4.7b inclined with respect to the axial direction on the outer periphery of the long nut 47. According to both of these variations, the spline grooves 47a and 47b are fixed to the cover case 11 at equal intervals with respect to the rotational direction. Since the output signal of the arranged 4g sensor 48 is input manually to the frequency detector 49, the same output signal as when there are four spline grooves between the l pitches P and P' is obtained, and the long nut 47 Even if the number of spline grooves on the outer periphery is small, the rotational speed can be detected accurately.In other words, since the number of spline grooves can be small, the outer diameter of the long nut 47 and the inner ring 2 can be reduced, and the This has the advantage that the wheel bearing unit equipped with the pulser and sensor can also be made smaller and more compact.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 and 10 to 12, wheels are attached to the inner ring 2 to serve as a rotating member, and the outer ring 1 is fixed to the vehicle body to serve as a fixed member. Since the pulsers IO, 20, 31, 45, and 47 are fixed to the side, the pulsers can be made smaller, and the wheel bearing unit can also be made smaller and more compact. In addition, cover cases 11 and 22 as sealing members are attached to the outer ring l.
<-t4 and seal rings 15.24 are attached, and each sensor 12.23°32.
37 and 48 are fixed, and the pulsar and sensor are completely sealed from the outside using the above-mentioned sealing member, so they will not be damaged by dirt, etc. entering from the outside, and the rotation speed of the wheel will remain accurate for a long time. Can be detected well.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above description, the automotive wheel bearing unit of the present invention includes a sealing member that covers at least the portion where the signal generating means and the signal detector face each other, so that the signal In the part where the generating means and the signal detector face each other,
Since this part is not damaged by dirt or muddy water entering from the outside, the rotation speed of the wheels can be detected with high accuracy over a long period of time.

In addition, since the structure of the bearing part of the automobile is selected so that the rotating member on the wheel side is an inner member, the signal generating means can be downsized, and the wheel bearing unit can be made smaller and lighter and more compact.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

No.! 2 is a vertical sectional view and a front view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a modified example of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the pulsar and sensor of the present invention. FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical cross-sectional views showing modified examples. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another modification of the pulsar and sensor;
Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views and longitudinal sectional views of a modified example of a pulsar in which the outer ring is a rotating member and the inner ring is a stationary member;
Figure 0 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another modification of the pulsar, Figures 2 and 12 are longitudinal sectional views and schematic plan views showing other modifications of the pulsar and sensor, and Figure 13 is a conventional rotation speed detection. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bearing unit for a motor vehicle wheel with means; FIG. l...Outer ring, 2...Inner ring, 3...Axle, 4...Inner ring member, 5...Washer, 6...Nut, 7. Death...Rolling element, 9...Cage, lO...Pulser, 11...
Cover case, 12...sensor. Patent applicant: Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent Attorney Aoyama Aoyama and 2 others Figure 11 Figure 12 (0) (b) Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Comprising a rolling member, a cage, an outer member, and an inner member,
In a bearing unit for an automobile wheel, the outer member is fixed to the vehicle body to serve as a fixed member, and the inner member is attached to the wheel to serve as a rotating member. a signal generating means for generating;
a signal detector fixed to the fixed member so as to face the signal generating means and detecting a signal generated by the signal generating means; and a sealing member covering at least a portion where the signal generating means and the signal detector face each other. A bearing unit for an automobile wheel, characterized by comprising: