JPS63164946A - Artificial joint - Google Patents

Artificial joint

Info

Publication number
JPS63164946A
JPS63164946A JP61315073A JP31507386A JPS63164946A JP S63164946 A JPS63164946 A JP S63164946A JP 61315073 A JP61315073 A JP 61315073A JP 31507386 A JP31507386 A JP 31507386A JP S63164946 A JPS63164946 A JP S63164946A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stem
artificial
cement
insert
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP61315073A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0673533B2 (en
Inventor
典之 石田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP61315073A priority Critical patent/JPH0673533B2/en
Publication of JPS63164946A publication Critical patent/JPS63164946A/en
Publication of JPH0673533B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0673533B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/40Joints for shoulders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、人体に適用する人工股関節、人工肩関節など
の人工関節に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to artificial joints such as an artificial hip joint and an artificial shoulder joint applied to the human body.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来から用いられている例えば第4図(イ)に示した如
き人工関節は寛骨などに埋入したソケット(不図示)、
該ソケットに対し回動自在に嵌合する摺動部(球面形状
)Kを先端に備えたステムSとで構成されている。
Conventionally used artificial joints, such as the one shown in FIG.
It is composed of a stem S having a sliding portion (spherical shape) K at its tip that rotatably fits into the socket.

このうちステムSはステンレス綱、コバルトクロム合金
などの金属から成り、長管骨Aの骨髄腔B中に挿入し、
ステムSと長管骨Aとの間にセメントCを介在させて固
定し、一方のソケットも同様にセメントを用いて固定す
るのが一般的である。
Of these, the stem S is made of metal such as stainless steel or cobalt chromium alloy, and is inserted into the medullary cavity B of the long bone A.
Generally, the stem S and the long bone A are fixed by interposing a cement C, and one socket is similarly fixed using cement.

しかし、セメントCでの固定は初期においては十分に強
いものでも長期においては緩みの生じるものがあり、こ
の緩みの発生が人工関節のもつ主要な問題点となってい
る。
However, even if fixation with cement C is sufficiently strong in the initial stage, it may loosen over a long period of time, and this loosening is a major problem with artificial joints.

緩みの原因としては、 ■長管骨A1セメントC及びステムSのヤング率の違い
によって、荷重を受けた場合の変形量が異なりこれら3
つの材質間の接合面に剪断力が発生すること ■ステムSと長管骨Aの骨髄腔Bとのデザインの不整合
によってセメントCの厚みが不均一となり、薄いセメン
ト層の破壊や、伝達荷重の増加が発生すること ■セメントCのもつ重合熱やモノマーの流出によって骨
の破壊が進むこと などが上げられている。
The causes of loosening are: ■The amount of deformation when loaded is different due to the difference in Young's modulus of long bone A1 cement C and stem S.
A shearing force is generated at the interface between the two materials. - Due to the mismatch in design between the stem S and the medullary canal B of the long bone A, the thickness of the cement C becomes uneven, causing destruction of the thin cement layer and the transmitted load. It is said that bone destruction progresses due to the polymerization heat of cement C and the outflow of monomers.

これらの原因を除去するための対策として■ヤング率が
骨と近いチタン合金の選択■セメント層を均一にし、セ
メント圧を高めるため適正なステムデザインの考案 ■セメントCを使用せず骨髄腔BヘステムSを打込むこ
とによって固定するセメントレスステムの考案などがな
されている。
Measures to eliminate these causes include: - Selection of a titanium alloy with a Young's modulus close to that of bone. - Development of an appropriate stem design to make the cement layer uniform and increase cement pressure. - Creation of a medullary canal B hestem without using cement C. Cementless stems that are fixed by driving S have been devised.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

上記長管骨AとセメントC、ステムSとの緩みを解決す
る有力な手段としてステムSのデザイン(形状)が第一
にあげられるが、従来のステムSでは、特に長管骨A管
端部付近の骨髄腔Bが広がっている部分でのステムデザ
インの改良の余地を残している。
The design (shape) of the stem S is the first effective means of resolving the loosening between the long bone A, the cement C, and the stem S. There is still room for improvement in the stem design in the area where the nearby medullary cavity B widens.

即ち、第4図(ハ)に示すように、従来のステ%1、長
管骨Aの前幹部付近の骨髄腔Bには、円錐状のステム滲
遠位部S2を多種類用意することによってフィツトする
ことが可能であるが、第4図(ロ)に示すように管端部
付近の複雑な骨髄腔Bには、従来の単純なステム近位部
S1ではフィツトには限界がある。
That is, as shown in FIG. 4(c), in the conventional stem %1, by preparing many types of conical stem extrusion distal parts S2 in the medullary cavity B near the anterior trunk of the long bone A. However, as shown in FIG. 4(b), there is a limit to how well the conventional simple stem proximal portion S1 can fit into the complicated medullary cavity B near the tube end.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は管端部でもステムが骨と十分にフィツトし、こ
れによりセメントレスでステムの固定力を高め、また、
セメントを使用する場合でも、骨への荷重伝達を小さく
することで、セメントの破壊を未然に防ぎ、ステムの緩
みを防止すべく人工関節のステムに対し、両側面に突起
を有し、該突起が骨髄腔壁に当接し安定固定を図るため
の挿入体を着脱自在に装着する。
In the present invention, the stem fits well with the bone even at the tube end, thereby increasing the fixation force of the stem without cement.
Even when cement is used, the artificial joint stem has protrusions on both sides to prevent the cement from breaking and to prevent the stem from loosening by reducing the load transmitted to the bone. An insert is removably attached to the bone to ensure stable fixation by contacting the wall of the medullary cavity.

かかるステムからなる人工関節の作用として、■十分な
支持力の得られるセメントレス固定が可能となる。
The function of an artificial joint made of such a stem is: (1) Cementless fixation with sufficient supporting force is possible.

■セメントの持つ欠点である重合熱やモノマーの流出を
防ぐことができる。
■Can prevent polymerization heat and monomer outflow, which are disadvantages of cement.

■骨との接触面積を大きくすることにより、骨への伝達
荷重を減し、骨の吸収、変形等を防止する。
■By increasing the contact area with the bone, the load transmitted to the bone is reduced and bone resorption, deformation, etc. are prevented.

■セメントを使用する場合でも、セメントの接触面を増
大させることができ、その結果、セメントとステム間の
固定力が高められる。
■Even when cement is used, the contact surface of the cement can be increased, and as a result, the fixing force between the cement and the stem is increased.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、図によって本発明実施例を説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図(イ)は本発明人工関節としての人工股関節の例
を示し、1は大腿骨に挿入固定するためのステムで、こ
のステム1の上方部には横孔1aがあけである。この横
孔1aはテーパ壁面1bをもった先細状を成し、突起2
aが両側に形成された挿入体2が挿入固定されるように
なっているが、この挿入体2は第1図(ロ)に示す如く
、横孔laのテーパ壁面1bに対し挿入体2のテーパ面
2bが当接することによってステム1に固定されるよう
になっている。このようにステムlの横孔1a中に取付
けられる挿入体2は予め突起2aの大きさ、形状の異な
ったものが数多く準備され、長管骨への取付手術時に骨
髄腔の大きさ、すなわち控壁に両側が当接し、安定的に
固定され得る挿入体2が選択されて使用される。
FIG. 1(A) shows an example of an artificial hip joint as an artificial joint of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a stem for insertion and fixation into the femur, and a horizontal hole 1a is bored in the upper part of this stem 1. This horizontal hole 1a has a tapered shape with a tapered wall surface 1b, and has a projection 2.
The insert body 2 with a formed on both sides is inserted and fixed, and as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the stem 1 by abutting the tapered surface 2b. In this way, the insert 2 to be installed in the horizontal hole 1a of the stem 1 is prepared in advance with a large number of protrusions 2a of different sizes and shapes. An insert 2 is selected and used which can abut the wall on both sides and be stably fixed.

また、第2図には人工肩関節の例を示し、上腕骨に挿入
固定されるステム10に設けた横孔10aに突起20a
を有する挿入体20を取付けたもので、上腕骨の髄腔に
挿入した際、挿入体20の突起2aが控壁に当接した状
態で安定的に固定される。この場合も上腕骨の髄腔の大
きさに応じて最適の大きさの突起20aをもった挿入体
20が選択され、横孔10aに取付けられたものが使用
される。
FIG. 2 shows an example of an artificial shoulder joint, in which a protrusion 20a is inserted into a horizontal hole 10a provided in a stem 10 that is inserted and fixed into the humerus.
When inserted into the medullary cavity of the humerus, the insert 20 is stably fixed with the protrusion 2a in contact with the retaining wall. In this case as well, an insert 20 having a protrusion 20a of an optimal size is selected depending on the size of the medullary canal of the humerus, and the insert 20 attached to the lateral hole 10a is used.

このように長管骨に挿入される挿入体2 (20)とし
ては第3図(イ)(ロ)に各々示すようにイボ状、段状
をした突起2aを形成したもの、あるいは同図(ハ)に
示したように突起2aの表面にボ−ラス構造を有するア
ルミナ、アパタイトあるいはビーナスを付着せしめたり
、純チタン、チタン合金、コバルトクロム合金などのメ
ツシュ体3を付着形成してもよく、この場合、ポーラス
構造のもつポアサイズとしては骨の増生等を考慮して1
00〜300.camのものが好ましい。
The insert 2 (20) to be inserted into a long bone in this way may be one with wart-like or stepped protrusions 2a as shown in FIGS. As shown in c), alumina, apatite, or Venus having a bolus structure may be attached to the surface of the protrusion 2a, or a mesh body 3 of pure titanium, titanium alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, etc. may be attached. In this case, the pore size of the porous structure is 1, taking into consideration bone growth, etc.
00-300. cam is preferred.

また、他の形状の挿入体2としては同図(ニ)に示すよ
うな先細状をしたピンであってもよく、このピンから成
る挿入体2をステム1  (10)にあけた複数個の横
孔1a(10a)には少なくとも1個以上のピン形状を
した挿入体2を自由に着脱して選択できるため、骨髄腔
の寸法形状に適合した状亀で、安定的にステム1を長管
骨に装着し固定することができる。
In addition, the insert 2 having another shape may be a tapered pin as shown in FIG. Since at least one or more pin-shaped inserts 2 can be freely attached to and removed from the horizontal hole 1a (10a), the stem 1 can be stably inserted into the long tube in a shape that matches the size and shape of the medullary cavity. It can be attached and fixed to the bone.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

叙上のように本発明によれば、人工関節と置端部髄腔と
の固定力を著しく増大することができるため、人工関節
の緩みの発生を防止し、長期安定生をもたらし医療に寄
与するところ大である。
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to significantly increase the fixing force between the artificial joint and the medullary cavity of the distal end, thereby preventing the occurrence of loosening of the artificial joint, providing long-term stable life, and contributing to medical care. It's a big deal.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図(イ)は本発明実施例による人工股関節ステムの
斜視図、第1図(ロ)は同図(イ)におけるX−X線部
分の断面図、第2図は本発明実施例による人工肩関節の
斜視図、第3図(イ)(ロ)(ハ)(ニ)はそれぞれ本
発明による人工関節のステムを構成する挿入体の他の実
施例を示す斜視図、第4図(イ)は従来の人工股関節の
ステムを長管骨に装着した状態例を示す一部破断斜視図
、第4図(ロ)は同図(イ)におけるY −Y vA断
面図、第4図(ハ)は同図(イ)におけるZ−Z線gr
白図である。 1.10・・・ステム 2.20・・・挿入体
FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view of an artificial hip joint stem according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(b) is a sectional view taken along line X-X in FIG. A perspective view of an artificial shoulder joint, and FIG. A) is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a conventional artificial hip joint stem attached to a long bone, FIG. 4B is a Y-Y vA sectional view in FIG. c) is the Z-Z line gr in the same figure (a)
This is a white diagram. 1.10... Stem 2.20... Insert

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)長管骨の骨髄腔中に挿入固定される金属製のステ
ムと、該ステムの先端部に摺動部を備えた人工関節にお
いて、上記ステムの一部に、両側に突起を有する挿入体
を着脱自在に装着したことを特徴とする人工関節。
(1) In an artificial joint that includes a metal stem that is inserted and fixed into the medullary cavity of a long bone and a sliding part at the tip of the stem, a part of the stem has protrusions on both sides. An artificial joint characterized by being attached to the body in a removable manner.
(2)上記挿入体の材質がアルミナ、ジルコニアなどの
セラミックス、チタン合金、コバルトクロム合金などの
金属材、超高分子量ポリエチレンなどの有機物のうち、
いずれかからなることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の人工関節。
(2) The material of the insert is ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, metals such as titanium alloys and cobalt chromium alloys, and organic materials such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
Claim 1 consisting of any of the following:
Artificial joints as described in section.
(3)上記挿入体表面にハイドロキシアパタイト、アル
ミナ、バイオガラス、TiO,TiN,シリコン、超高
分子量ポリエチレン等の皮膜が被着してあることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の人工関節。
(3) The artificial body according to claim 1, wherein a film of hydroxyapatite, alumina, bioglass, TiO, TiN, silicon, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, etc. is adhered to the surface of the insert. joint.
JP61315073A 1986-12-26 1986-12-26 Artificial joint Expired - Fee Related JPH0673533B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61315073A JPH0673533B2 (en) 1986-12-26 1986-12-26 Artificial joint

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61315073A JPH0673533B2 (en) 1986-12-26 1986-12-26 Artificial joint

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63164946A true JPS63164946A (en) 1988-07-08
JPH0673533B2 JPH0673533B2 (en) 1994-09-21

Family

ID=18061091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61315073A Expired - Fee Related JPH0673533B2 (en) 1986-12-26 1986-12-26 Artificial joint

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0673533B2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02198548A (en) * 1988-11-02 1990-08-07 Benoist Girard & Co:Sa Hip joint femoral prosthesis
US6190417B1 (en) 1999-07-19 2001-02-20 Kyocera Corporation Femoral prosthesis device
JP2007533334A (en) * 2003-07-16 2007-11-22 ヴァルデマール・リンク・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト Hip prosthesis with a shaft inserted into the femur
JP2014104175A (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-06-09 Kyocera Medical Corp Composite molded article, method for manufacturing composite molded article, and artificial joint with the composite molded article

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02198548A (en) * 1988-11-02 1990-08-07 Benoist Girard & Co:Sa Hip joint femoral prosthesis
US6190417B1 (en) 1999-07-19 2001-02-20 Kyocera Corporation Femoral prosthesis device
JP2007533334A (en) * 2003-07-16 2007-11-22 ヴァルデマール・リンク・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト Hip prosthesis with a shaft inserted into the femur
JP2014104175A (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-06-09 Kyocera Medical Corp Composite molded article, method for manufacturing composite molded article, and artificial joint with the composite molded article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0673533B2 (en) 1994-09-21

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