JPS63158614A - Nc work simulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain more accurate simulation results by transforming coordinates so that the normal direction of a tool in the tool movement start position of each section coincides with the Z axis in case of 5-axis control. CONSTITUTION:When tool shape data 11 and tool locus data 12 are inputted, coordinate data P(x,y,z) of the position of the tool and normal direction data Q(i,j,k) in each position are subjected to coordinate transformation if input data is data for 5-axis control. Thereafter, shape data of an elimination area is calculated in an elimination area calculating part 13 by data subjected to coordinate transformation. When shape data 14 of a material to be cut is inputted after this calculation, shape data of the elimination area and that of the material to be cut are operated in a Boolean operation part 15, and results are displayed as simulation results on a CRT display device 16. Thus, the elimination area where the normal direction is taken into consideration is obtained and more accurate simulation results are obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a simulation method for an NC machining device, and particularly to an NC machining simulation method for a 5-axis controlled NC machining device.

(Conventional technology) When cutting a workpiece using NC machining vtM,
It is necessary to simulate the cutting process in advance using the movement trajectory of the tool, data on the shape of the workpiece, etc. To perform this simulation, it is necessary to consider the shape of the tool, so it is necessary to secure a space in advance for the movement of the tool during the cutting process. The space in which the tool moves is called a tool removal area, and the shape data of this removal area is displayed on, for example, a CRT display device along with the cutting process, the shape of the workpiece, etc. It is also necessary to confirm that the removed area does not overlap with other constituent members such as the workpiece.

FIGS. 8 to 11 are diagrams showing a method of calculating this removal area. In this example, tool 1 is 3D dust all (
It can be moved to any position in X, Y, Z), but its attitude angle is fixed. That is, the normal 2 of this tool 1 is always parallel to the Z axis. In such a 3-axis controlled NC machining device, the tool 1 moves Pl [coordinates (Xi Vs Zl)] - "P2 (X
2 V2 Z2 ) → P3 (X3 V3 Zl )
Suppose you move to. In this case, section P! The unit removal area 4a of ~P2 and the unit removal area 4b of the section P2-P3 are calculated separately, and the entire removal area is calculated by adding the two unit removal areas 4b, 4b. Therefore, here, a method of calculating the unit removal area 4a of the sections P1 to P2 will be explained.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, the movement start position IP1 (XIVlzl) of the tool 1 in the section P1 to P2 is the coordinate origin (0,
coordinates (X, Y.O, O).

2) into coordinates (X'Y'Z'). As a result, the coordinates of the movement end position P2 on this coordinate (X'Y'Z') are P2 (X2 ''/2 Z2 )
becomes.

Then, the movement start position of tool 1 on this coordinate @P1
The angle θ between the moving direction 5 and the X' axis from 1 to the moving end position P2 is calculated.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the coordinates (X'Y'Z') are rotated around the Z' axis so that the moving direction 5 coincides with the Y' axis. That is, the coordinates (X'Y'Z'
) is (270+θ) 0 rotation Sarete coordinate (X#Y″z″)
becomes. Therefore, on this coordinate (XnYnZ"), the coordinate of the movement end position P2 is P2 (X'2
y'2 Z'2). In this state, tool 1
The normal 2 at the movement start position P1 coincides with the 2'' axis,
The movement direction 5 coincides with Y". Therefore, the X"-Y" plane, the Y"-Z# plane of the movement trajectory when the tool 1 moves from the movement start position P1 to the movement end position P2,
i II - These are a plan view, a front view, and a side view of the unit removal area 4a in the sections P1 to P2. Therefore, three-dimensional shape data of the unit removal area 4a is calculated from this projection view by a geometric method.

When the shape data of the unit removal area 4a of the section P1-P2 is calculated in this way, the shape data of the section P2-P2 is calculated using the same method.
The shape data of the unit removal area 14k) of No. 3 is calculated. Thereafter, the shape data of the entire removal area is calculated by adding the two shape data.

However, even with the NC machining simulation method in which the removal area of the tool 1 is calculated using the method described above, the following problems still remain to be solved. That is, in recent NC machining equipment, the tool 1 is the workpiece 3.
12, five-axis control is performed in which the attitude angle of the tool 1 is changed depending on the shape of the workpiece 3 to improve cutting accuracy. Therefore, the direction of normal line 2 of tool 1 also changes from P1 to P
2 → P3, so naturally the unit removal area 4a in each section P1-P2, P2-P3,
The shape data of 4b also changes as the normal direction changes.

Therefore, the shape data of the removal area obtained by the calculation method of the removal area of the tool 1 with a fixed normal direction used in the conventional 3-axis controlled NC processing apparatus is used in the 5-axis controlled NC processing apparatus. When used in simulations, there is a problem that errors in the removal area increase and accurate simulation results cannot be obtained.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, the conventional NC machining simulation method has a problem that cannot be solved in a 5-axis controlled NC machining device in which the tool attitude angle changes.

The present invention has been made based on these circumstances, and its purpose is to transform the coordinates so that the normal direction of the tool at the start position of the tool in each section coincides with the seven wheels. , it is possible to obtain a removal area that also takes into account the normal direction, and more accurate simulation results can be obtained.
The object of the present invention is to provide a C machining simulation method.

[Configuration of the Invention (Means for Solving Problems)] In the NC machining simulation method of the present invention, the coordinate data of each tool position in the process in which the tool sequentially processes the workpiece and the tool at this tool position are The trajectory data is divided into multiple sections, and the coordinate data and normal direction data of the movement start position are divided into multiple sections so that the normal direction of the tool coincides with the two axes at the tool movement start position in each section. , calculate the coordinate data of the tool's movement end position on the coordinates after the coordinate conversion, calculate the movement direction of the tool from the movement start position to the movement end position on this coordinate, and calculate the movement. The coordinates are rotated around two axes so that the direction coincides with either the X-axis or the Y-axis, excluding the Z-axis, and the X-Y plane, Y
- Projections of the tool movement locus on the Z plane and Z-X plane, assuming that the normal direction does not change from the movement start position to the movement end position, are used as a plan view, front view, and side view to determine the unit removal area in this section. , calculate the shape data of the entire removal region by adding the shape data of the unit removal region in all sections, and calculate the shape data of the entire removal region. A Pullian calculation is performed on the shape data of the area and the shape data of the workpiece.

(Function) With the NC machining simulation method configured in this way, the tool trajectory data in the process in which the tool sequentially processes the workpiece is divided into multiple sections, and the tool trajectory data at the tool movement start position in each section is divided into multiple sections. The coordinate data of the movement start position and the movement end position and the normal direction data at the movement start position are coordinate-transformed so that the normal direction of the tool coincides with the two axes. Next, the two axes are rotated so that the moving direction on these coordinates coincides with the Y axis or the X axis. If the tool moves to the movement end position without changing the normal direction of the movement start position, the normal direction of the tool at the movement end position becomes parallel to the Z axis.

In this case, the projected view of the movement locus of the tool on the X-Y plane, Y-2 plane, and Z-X plane after the coordinate rotation is a plan view and a front view of the unit removal w4 area in this section.

This is a side view. Therefore, by adding the shape data of the unit removal regions of all sections, the shape data of the entire removal region including the normal direction can be obtained.

(Example) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the NC machining simulation method according to the embodiment. That is, calculation 13 of the shape data of the removal area of the tool is performed using the tool shape data 11 and the tool trajectory data 12 consisting of the coordinate data of the tool position and the normal direction data at the position, and the shape data of this removal area is calculated. and the shape data 14 of the workpiece are subjected to a Pullian calculation (sum,
A set operation of differences and products) 15 is executed, and the result of the operation is displayed on, for example, a CR7 display device 16.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the procedure when the above-mentioned NC machining simulation method is implemented by, for example, a computer. That is, when the simulation flowchart is started, if the tool shape data and tool trajectory data are inputted in Sl, for example via a card reader, then if the input data is data for 5-axis control, the tool shape data and tool trajectory data are inputted in S2. The coordinate data P (X, V, Z) at the position and the normal direction data Q (i, J, k) at each position are subjected to coordinate transformation. The shape data of the removed fR region is calculated from each data coordinate-transformed in S3. When the calculation of the shape data of the removal area is completed, the shape data of the workpiece is inputted via the card reader in S4: In S5, the shape data of the removal area and the shape data of the workpiece are subjected to a Pullian calculation. ,
The results are displayed on CRT as simulation results in 86.
displayed on the display device.

Next, a method of calculating a tool removal area in a five-axis controlled NC machining apparatus in which the normal direction of the tool changes will be explained using FIGS. 3 to 7. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical tool 21 is placed at a position Pt [coordinates (
Xt ¥s Zt )ko4P2 (X2 V2 Z2 )
- Assume that it moves to IF5 (X3 V323). Then, each position P1. P2, tool 21 at Ps
Ql (it
jt kt ), Q2 (2 to i2j2), Q3
(is J3 k3). Note that each direction component i, J,
are each given as a cosine value. And section P
The unit removal area 24a of 1 to P2 and the unit removal area 24b of section P2 to P3 are calculated separately to form two unit removal areas 24b.

The entire removal area is calculated by adding 24b. Therefore, the unit removal section 24a of the section P1 to P2
Only the method for calculating the shape data will be explained.

In this case, it is assumed that in the section P1 to P2, the tool 21 moves from the movement start position P1 to the movement end position P2 in this section while maintaining the normal direction data Q1 at the movement start position P1, that is, with the same inclination. Then, the shape data of the unit removal area 24a is calculated.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the coordinates (X, Y
, Z) to the movement start position P1 (Xs 'WIZ) of the tool 21
When coordinates are transformed so that 1) becomes the origin P't (0, O, O), on the transformed coordinates (X'Y'Z'), the coordinates P2 (X2 y2 Z') of the movement end position P2
2) changes to P'2 (X'2 V'2Z'2). Note that the normal direction data Q1 (itjtkl) does not change. Next, the movement direction 2 of the tool 21 from the movement start position P'1 to the movement end position P'1 on this coordinate
5 and the X' axis is calculated. And moving direction 2
These coordinates are rotated around the Z' axis so that 5 and the Y' axis coincide.

On the coordinates after rotation (X"Y"Z"), the movement start position P"1 is located at the origin (0, 0, 0), and the movement end position P"2 is located at P"2 (X2 V222 ). Also, the normal direction data Ql (iljtkl) is Q'
1 (white ft k′t ). Furthermore, the normal 22 in the X"-Y" plane on this coordinate and the Y"
The intersection angle β with the axis is expressed as normal direction data Q's (i't
j′t k″1) and rotate the Y″ axis so that this angle β becomes O. On the coordinates (X"Y"'Z"') after rotating the Y" axis, as shown in Fig. 6, the locus a Lt P-2 (x,
"V,"'z,"'). Also, the normal direction data 0ri of the normal line 22 of the tool 21 is Q"t (0゜j,
"k,").

Furthermore, the intersection angle γ' between the normal 22 and the Z" axis in the Y"/Zl// plane on the coordinates in FIG. 6 is calculated from the normal direction data Q'1 (0, j"t k't ). Then, rotate the XII' axis so that this angle γ' becomes O.The coordinate after rotating the X''' axis (X''# Y LI
As shown in FIG. 7, the coordinates of the movement end position P2 are P 2 (
Zx#). Further, the normal direction data Q1 of the normal line 22 of the tool 21 becomes Ql (0, 0, 1).

Therefore, within the section P1 to P2 in FIG. 3, the movement start position @Ps (Xt Vx Zt) and the movement end position P2 (X2 V2 Z2) are the same as the movement start position P1 (0, O, O) and The movement end position P 2 (X, "' V, "" Z, ') is obtained, and the normal direction data Q1 in FIG. 3 becomes the normal direction data Qs (0, 0, 1) in FIG. 7.

As a result, the coordinates (X"LJ Y /l"Z n
o ), the movement start position Pl (0,O,O
), the direction of the normal 22 of the tool 21 coincides with the 2#" axis. The coordinates (X"Y"'z"'
The positional relationship between the movement start position @P1 and the movement end position IP2 of the tool 21 and the normal direction of the tool 21 at > are as shown in FIG.
The shape data of the unit removal area 24a in FIG. 7 is calculated using the same calculation method as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11.

And Ward 1! When the shape data of the unit removal area 24a of IPI-P2 is calculated, the shape data of the unit removal falJi 24b of the next section P2 to P3 is calculated at the movement start position IP2.
The calculation is made assuming that the normal direction of the tool 21 at the position is maintained until the movement end position [Pl].

In this way, by adding the shape data of each unit removal region 24a, 24b obtained in each section P1-P2, P2-P3, shape data of the entire removal fR region can be obtained.

Once the shape data of the entire removal area is calculated, a simulation is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. 2 described above.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the trajectory data of the tool 21 is divided into two sections, the section Pi-P2 and the section P2-P3. By increasing the number of divisions, the tool 21 within the section can be It is possible to improve the calculation accuracy of the shape data of the removed area when the normal direction of the area changes significantly.

With the NC machining simulation method configured in this way, NG machining using a 5-axis machine in which the normal direction (attitude angle) of the tool 21 changes during the process in which the tool 21 sequentially cuts the workpiece 23 is avoided. In the device simulation, even if the actual removal area of the tool 21 changes due to changes in the normal direction, the calculated shape data of the removal area incorporates elements in the normal direction, so it is always accurate. This results in a large removed area. As a result, the simulation results obtained by performing a Pullian operation on the shape data of the removal area and the shape data of the workpiece were found to be more accurate than the conventional simulation results obtained with the normal direction of the tool constant. can be significantly improved.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the trajectory data of the tool machining process is divided into a plurality of parts, and the normal direction of the tool at the tool movement start position in each section is aligned with the Z-axis. The unit removal area for each section is calculated by coordinate transformation. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a removal area that also takes into account the normal direction during machining of the tool, and more accurate simulation results can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 show an NC machining simulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the whole, FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the operation and calculation procedure, and FIG. 7 to 7 are diagrams for explaining the method of calculating the tool removal area, and FIGS. 8 to 11 are diagrams for explaining the calculation method of the tool removal area in the conventional NC machining simulation method. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the problems of the conventional NC machining simulation method. 1.21...Tool, 2,22...Normal, 3,23...
...Work material, 4a, 4b, 24a, 24b--Unit removal area, 5, 25...Movement direction, 11...Tool shape data, 12...Tool trajectory data, 14...Workpiece Cutting material shape data, 15...Pullian calculation, 16...C
R7 display device, Pl...Movement start position, P2...Movement end position, 01-Q3...Normal direction data. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue 13 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 5 2゛. X°゛Fig. 6 x"" Fig. 7 Fig. 8 y' ＼8゜Fig.
)ji Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Claims] The locus data of the coordinate data of each tool position and the normal direction data of the tool at this tool position in the process of the tool sequentially machining the workpiece is divided into multiple sections, and at the starting position of the tool movement in each section, The coordinate data of the movement start position and the normal direction data are converted so that the normal direction of the tool matches the Z axis, and the coordinate data of the tool movement end position is calculated on the coordinates after the coordinate conversion. , calculate the movement direction of the tool from the movement start position to the movement end position on these coordinates, and set the coordinates so that the movement direction coincides with either the X-axis or the Y-axis, excluding the Z-axis. Z
Rotated around the axis, X-Y plane on the rotated coordinates,
Projected views of the tool's movement locus on the Y-Z plane and Z-X plane, assuming that the normal direction does not change from the movement start position to the movement end position, are used as a plan view, front view, and side view for unit removal in this section. The shape data of the region is calculated, the shape data of the unit removal region in all sections is added to calculate the shape data of the entire removal region, and the shape data of this removal region and the shape data of the workpiece are combined using a Pullian. An NC machining simulation method characterized by performing calculations.