JPS6315857Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6315857Y2 JPS6315857Y2 JP1982160237U JP16023782U JPS6315857Y2 JP S6315857 Y2 JPS6315857 Y2 JP S6315857Y2 JP 1982160237 U JP1982160237 U JP 1982160237U JP 16023782 U JP16023782 U JP 16023782U JP S6315857 Y2 JPS6315857 Y2 JP S6315857Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- core
- side switch
- switch body
- refractive index
- cladding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
この考案は、通信用や照明用等に用いられる光
フアイバの光スイツチに関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field This invention relates to an optical fiber optical switch used for communications, lighting, etc.
従来技術
最近、通信用等の伝送路として、軽量で伝送時
の損失が少ない等の特徴を有する光フアイバが注
目を集めている。この光フアイバは、一般に外形
が150μｍ程度の細線で、例えば第１図に示すよ
うに、中心部を構成するコア１と、周辺部を構成
するクラツド２とから成つている。このコア１の
屈折率n1はクラツド２の屈折率n2より大きく形成
され、コア１とクラツド２との境界での屈折率の
差が壁の役目を果たすことにより、光がコア１内
を伝搬して行く。すなわち、第２図に示すよう
に、n1＞n2の場合、例えばコア１内に光源Ａが存
在するとして、この光源Ａからの光線が臨界角θc
＝sin-1（n1／n2）より大きい角度で境界面Ｂに当
ると、透過することなく、全ての光線が反射さ
れ、コア１内を伝搬することとなる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Recently, optical fibers, which are lightweight and have low loss during transmission, have been attracting attention as transmission paths for communications and the like. This optical fiber is generally a thin wire with an outer diameter of about 150 μm, and as shown in FIG. 1, for example, it consists of a core 1 constituting a central portion and a cladding 2 constituting a peripheral portion. The refractive index n 1 of the core 1 is larger than the refractive index n 2 of the cladding 2, and the difference in refractive index at the boundary between the core 1 and the cladding 2 acts as a wall, allowing light to pass through the core 1. It will spread. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the case of n 1 > n 2 , for example, assuming that a light source A exists within the core 1, the light ray from this light source A has a critical angle θc.
If the light rays hit the boundary surface B at an angle greater than = sin -1 (n 1 /n 2 ), all the light rays will be reflected and propagated within the core 1 without being transmitted.
このような光フアイバには、例えば第３図およ
び第４図に示すような光スイツチが設けられたも
のがある。この光スイツチは、２本の光フアイバ
の研磨された端面３同士が間隙Ｃを持つて対向さ
れ、この間隙Ｃに金属片等の遮断片４を出入りさ
せることにより、第３図に示す退出状態で光線を
間隙Ｃすなわち空気層の間を透過させてスイツチ
オンさせ、第４図に示す進入状態で光源を遮断板
４で遮つてスイツチオフさせていた。 Some such optical fibers are provided with optical switches as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example. This optical switch is constructed by placing the polished end surfaces 3 of two optical fibers facing each other with a gap C in between, and by inserting and inserting a blocking piece 4 such as a metal piece into the gap C, the optical switch is brought into the exit state shown in FIG. At this point, the light beam is transmitted through the gap C, that is, between the air spaces, and the light beam is switched on.In the entering state shown in FIG. 4, the light source is blocked by a shielding plate 4, and the light source is switched off.
考案が解決しようとする問題点
しかしながら、このような光スイツチでは、端
面３同士が間隙Ｃを持つて対向されているため、
第３図の光Ｐに示すように間隙Ｃの間では、反射
せずに光が漏れてしまう。また、両光フアイバの
軸合わせが難しく、ずれた場合には一層光が漏れ
て光損失が大きくなり、低損失であるという光フ
アイバの特徴を損う、という問題点があつた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in such an optical switch, since the end faces 3 face each other with a gap C,
As shown by light P in FIG. 3, light leaks between gaps C without being reflected. Another problem is that it is difficult to align the axes of both optical fibers, and if they are misaligned, even more light leaks, increasing optical loss, which impairs the characteristic of optical fibers, which is low loss.
目 的
そこで、この考案は、間隙設けることなくコア
を連続させて、スイツチオン状態での光の損失を
なくすると共に、スイツチオン，オフ時に光フア
イバの損傷を防止する光フアイバの光スイツチを
提供することを目的としている。OBJECTIVE: The object of this invention is to provide an optical fiber switch in which the core is continuous without any gaps to eliminate light loss in the switch-on state and to prevent damage to the optical fiber during switch-on and switch-off states. It is an object.
問題点を解決するための手段
この考案は、かかる目的を達成すべく、光フア
イバを中心部のコアとその周辺部のクラツドとか
ら形成し、前記クラツドの一部を除去して前記コ
アの一部を露出させ、該コアの露出部を含む部分
をケースで覆い、該ケース内に前記コアより高屈
折率のオフ側スイツチ体と低屈折率のオン側スイ
ツチ体とを封入し、該オフ側スイツチ体として液
体又は強磁性微粒子の一方を用い、他方を前記オ
ン側スイツチ体として用い、さらに、該強磁性微
粒子を磁力にて前記ケース内を移動させることに
より、前記コアの露出部を前記強磁性微粒子又は
液体で選択的に覆うようにした光フアイバの光ス
イツチとしたことを特徴としている。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, this invention forms an optical fiber from a core at the center and a cladding at the periphery thereof, and removes a part of the cladding to form a part of the core. A part including the exposed part of the core is covered with a case, and an off-side switch body having a higher refractive index and an on-side switch body having a lower refractive index than the core are enclosed in the case. By using either a liquid or ferromagnetic particles as a switch body and using the other as the on-side switch body, and moving the ferromagnetic particles within the case using magnetic force, the exposed portion of the core is It is characterized by an optical switch made of an optical fiber selectively covered with magnetic fine particles or liquid.
作 用
かかる手段によれば、光スイツチを例えばオン
させる場合には、磁力により、強磁性微粒子をケ
ース内を移動させ、コアの露出部をオン側スイツ
チ体で覆う。オフさせる場合には、強磁性微粒子
を前記と反対に移動させることにより、コアの露
出部をオフ側スイツチ体で覆う。According to this means, when the optical switch is turned on, for example, the ferromagnetic fine particles are moved within the case by magnetic force, and the exposed portion of the core is covered with the on-side switch body. When turning off, the ferromagnetic fine particles are moved in the opposite direction to cover the exposed portion of the core with an off-side switch body.
このようにして、光スイツチをオン，オフさせ
ることができるため、従来と異なり、コアを連続
させた状態とすることができるため、スイツチオ
ン状態での間隙からの光漏れおよび軸ずれによる
光漏れを防止することができる。また、コアの露
出部に接触するのは、液体又は強磁性微粒子であ
ることから、この接触によりコアの露出部に傷が
付くようなことがなく、品質を維持することがで
きる。 In this way, the optical switch can be turned on and off, and unlike conventional methods, the core can be kept in a continuous state, which prevents light leakage from gaps in the switch-on state and light leakage due to axis misalignment. It can be prevented. Furthermore, since the exposed portion of the core is contacted with liquid or ferromagnetic fine particles, the exposed portion of the core is not damaged by this contact, and quality can be maintained.
実施例 以下、この考案を実施例に基づいて説明する。Example This invention will be explained below based on examples.
第５図および第６図はこの考案の一実施例を示
す図である。 FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing an embodiment of this invention.
まず構成を説明すると、この実施例に係わる光
フアイバは例えば石英系光フアイバで、SiO2（二
酸化ケイ素）を主成分とし、これに屈折率の制
御、膨張係数およびガラス軟化温度の調整のため
に用いられるGeO2（酸化ゲルマニウム）、B2O3
（三酸化二ホウ素）等の添加物（ドーパント）が
添加されている。この石英系光フアイバのコア１
には、例えば屈折率を高くするためのドーパント
であるGeO2が添加され、クラツド２には、例え
ば屈折率を下げるドーパントB2O3が添加されて
おり、コア１の屈折率n1がクラツド２の屈折率n2
より大きくなるように形成されている。 First, to explain the structure, the optical fiber according to this embodiment is, for example, a silica-based optical fiber, which has SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) as its main component, and which is injected with SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) to control the refractive index, expansion coefficient, and glass softening temperature. GeO 2 (germanium oxide) used, B 2 O 3
Additives (dopants) such as (diboron trioxide) are added. Core 1 of this silica optical fiber
For example, GeO 2 , which is a dopant to increase the refractive index, is added to the core 2, and B 2 O 3 , a dopant to lower the refractive index, is added to the cladding 2, so that the refractive index n 1 of the core 1 is lower than the cladding. refractive index of 2 n 2
It is designed to be larger.
このような光フアイバのクラツド２の一部が除
去され、コア１の一部が全周に渡つて露出されて
いる。そして、このコア１の露出部１ａおよびこ
の露出部１ａと略同じ長さに相当するクラツド２
が、ケース８で覆われ、このケース８内に、例え
ば４フツ化エチレン等の液体であるオン側スイツ
チ体９と強磁性微粒子であるオフ側スイツチ体１
５とが混入されたものが封入されている。このオ
フ側スイツチ体１５は、オン側スイツチ体９の中
を磁力により移動可能とされ、その体積はケース
８内部の略半分である。また、このオフ側スイツ
チ体１５は、例えばコバルトあるいは鉄等の微粒
子に活性物質を付着させ、この上にコア１より高
屈折率n5（1.50）のベンゼンが付着されて形成さ
れている。一方のオン側スイツチ体９は、上記の
４フツ化エチレンであり、コア１より低屈折率n6
（1.37）の物が使用されている。そして、これら
が封入されたケース８の図において上下側には、
光フアイバの配設方向と同方向へスライド自在な
磁石１０が配設されている。 A portion of the cladding 2 of such an optical fiber is removed, and a portion of the core 1 is exposed over the entire circumference. The exposed portion 1a of the core 1 and the cladding 2 having approximately the same length as the exposed portion 1a.
is covered with a case 8, and within this case 8 there are an on-side switch body 9 made of a liquid such as tetrafluoroethylene, and an off-side switch body 1 made of ferromagnetic fine particles.
5 is mixed in. The off-side switch body 15 is movable within the on-side switch body 9 by magnetic force, and its volume is approximately half of the inside of the case 8. The off-side switch body 15 is formed by adhering an active substance to fine particles of cobalt or iron, and adhering benzene having a higher refractive index n 5 (1.50) than the core 1 thereon. One on-side switch body 9 is made of the above-mentioned tetrafluoroethylene, and has a lower refractive index n 6 than the core 1.
(1.37) is used. In the diagram of the case 8 in which these are enclosed, on the upper and lower sides,
A magnet 10 is disposed which can slide freely in the same direction as the direction in which the optical fibers are disposed.
この光スイツチをオフさせるには、第５図に示
すように磁石１０をコア１の露出部１ａの近傍ま
でスライドさせる。そうすると、これに追従して
高屈折率n5のオフ側スイツチ体１５が露出部１ａ
の周囲を覆つて露出部１ａと接触し、一方のオン
側スイツチ体９は、オフ側スイツチ体１５が露出
部１ａ側に片寄るためクラツド２の周囲に追いや
られる。これにより、露出部１ａの境界面Ｂに当
つた光は周囲が高屈折率n5のオフ側スイツチ体１
５であるため、透過して漏れて行き、オフ状態が
得られる。 To turn off this optical switch, slide the magnet 10 close to the exposed portion 1a of the core 1 as shown in FIG. Then, following this, the off-side switch body 15 with a high refractive index n5 changes to the exposed portion 1a.
One on-side switch body 9 is pushed around the cladding 2 as the off-side switch body 15 is biased toward the exposed portion 1a. As a result, the light hitting the boundary surface B of the exposed portion 1a is directed to the off-side switch body 1 whose surroundings have a high refractive index n5 .
5, it passes through and leaks, and an off state is obtained.
一方、光スイツチをオンさせるには、第６図に
示すように、磁石１０を上記と反対にケース８の
図中左端までスライドさせる。そうすると、オフ
側スイツチ体１５がこれに追従してオン側スイツ
チ体９内に移動し、クラツド２の周囲を覆い、こ
れに追いやられて、オン側スイツチ体９の大部分
が露出部１ａの周囲を覆つて露出部１ａと接触す
る。これにより、露出部１ａの境界面Ｂに当つた
光は、周囲が低屈折率n6のオン側スイツチ体９で
あるため、臨界角より大きい場合には、全反射し
てコア１内を伝搬して行き、又、コア１が連続し
ているので、軸ズレによつて光が漏れるようなこ
とがなく、スイツチオン状態が得られる。 On the other hand, to turn on the optical switch, as shown in FIG. 6, slide the magnet 10 in the opposite direction to the left end of the case 8 in the figure. Then, the off-side switch body 15 follows this and moves into the on-side switch body 9, covers the periphery of the cladding 2, and is driven by this, so that most of the on-side switch body 9 is moved around the exposed portion 1a. and comes into contact with the exposed portion 1a. As a result, since the light hitting the boundary surface B of the exposed portion 1a is surrounded by the on-side switch body 9 with a low refractive index n6 , if it is larger than the critical angle, it is totally reflected and propagates within the core 1. Furthermore, since the core 1 is continuous, no light leaks due to axis misalignment, and a switch-on state can be obtained.
また、この実施例の変形例として、液体に高屈
折率n7（1.43）のシリコンオイルを用い、強磁性
微粒子に鉄等の微粒子を覆う活性物質に低屈折率
n8（1.37）のヘキサンが付着されたものを用いる
こともできる。この変形例においては、液体がオ
フ側スイツチ体となり、強磁性微粒子がオン側ス
イツチ体となる。これを使用する場合には、オ
ン・オフ時の磁石の位置は上記実施例の場合と逆
の位置になる。他の構成および作用は、一実施例
と同様であるので説明を省略する。 In addition, as a modification of this embodiment, silicone oil with a high refractive index n 7 (1.43) is used as the liquid, and a low refractive index is used as the active substance covering the ferromagnetic particles such as iron.
It is also possible to use one to which hexane of n 8 (1.37) is attached. In this variation, the liquid is the off-side switch and the ferromagnetic particles are the on-side switch. When this is used, the position of the magnet during on/off is opposite to that of the above embodiment. The other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, so their explanations will be omitted.
さらに、磁石１０の代わりに電磁石を用いるこ
ともできる。 Furthermore, an electromagnet can also be used instead of the magnet 10.
なお、上記実施例において光フアイバの一例と
して石英系光フアイバを用いて説明したが、この
考案はいかなる光フアイバにも適用でき、又、オ
ンあるいはオフ側スイツチ体の材質もコアより低
あるいは高屈折率のものであれば、いかなる材質
のものでも良いことは勿論である。 In the above embodiment, a silica-based optical fiber was used as an example of the optical fiber, but this invention can be applied to any optical fiber, and the material of the on- or off-side switch body may have a refractive index lower or higher than that of the core. Of course, any material may be used as long as it has a certain ratio.
考案の効果
以上説明してきたように、この考案によれば、
光フアイバを切断して間隙を設ける必要がないの
で、スイツチオン状態での間隙からの光の漏れお
よび軸のずれによる光漏れを防止できる。又、光
フアイバのクラツドの一部を除去してコアの一部
を露出させているが、この露出部は、液体又は強
磁性微粒子で覆われるようにしているため、その
露出部を損傷させるようなことが少ない、という
実用上有益な効果を発揮する。Effects of the invention As explained above, according to this invention,
Since there is no need to cut the optical fiber to create a gap, it is possible to prevent light leakage from the gap in the switched-on state and light leakage due to axis deviation. Also, a part of the optical fiber cladding is removed to expose a part of the core, but since this exposed part is covered with liquid or ferromagnetic particles, there is no risk of damaging the exposed part. This has the practical effect of reducing the number of accidents.
第１図および第２図は光フアイバを示す図で、
第１図は同光フアイバの断面図、第２図は同光フ
アイバの作用を示す説明図、第３図および第４図
は従来の光スイツチを示す図で、第３図は同光ス
イツチのオン状態を示す正面図、第４図は同光ス
イツチのオフ状態を示す正面図、第５図および第
６図はこの考案の光スイツチの一実施例を示す図
で、第５図は同光スイツチのオフ状態を示す断面
図、第６図はオン状態を示す第５図と同様な断面
図である。
１……コア、１ａ……露出部、２……クラツ
ド、９……オン側スイツチ体、１５……オフ側ス
イツチ体。
Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing optical fibers,
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the action of the optical fiber, Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams showing a conventional optical switch, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the optical switch. 4 is a front view showing the optical switch in the on state, FIG. 4 is a front view showing the optical switch in the off state, FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing an embodiment of the optical switch of this invention, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the switch in the OFF state, and is a sectional view similar to FIG. 5 showing the switch in the ON state. 1... Core, 1a... Exposed part, 2... Clad, 9... On-side switch body, 15... Off-side switch body.
Claims (1)
ツドとから形成し、前記クラツドの一部を除去し
て前記コアの一部を露出させ、該コアの露出部を
含む部分をケースで覆い、該ケース内に前記コア
より高屈折率のオフ側スイツチ体と低屈折率のオ
ン側スイツチ体とを封入し、該オフ側スイツチ体
として液体又は強磁性微粒子の一方を用い、他方
を前記オン側スイツチ体として用い、さらに、該
強磁性微粒子を磁力にて前記ケース内を移動させ
ることにより、前記コアの露出部を前記強磁性微
粒子又は液体で選択的に覆うようにしたことを特
徴とする光フアイバの光スイツチ。 An optical fiber is formed from a core at the center and a cladding at the periphery thereof, a portion of the cladding is removed to expose a portion of the core, a portion including the exposed portion of the core is covered with a case, and the cladding is removed. An off-side switch body with a higher refractive index than the core and an on-side switch body with a lower refractive index are enclosed in a case, and one of liquid or ferromagnetic particles is used as the off-side switch body, and the other is used as the on-side switch body. The ferromagnetic fine particles are moved within the case by magnetic force to selectively cover the exposed portion of the core with the ferromagnetic fine particles or liquid. light switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16023782U JPS5966203U (en) | 1982-10-25 | 1982-10-25 | fiber optic switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16023782U JPS5966203U (en) | 1982-10-25 | 1982-10-25 | fiber optic switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5966203U JPS5966203U (en) | 1984-05-02 |
| JPS6315857Y2 true JPS6315857Y2 (en) | 1988-05-06 |
Family
ID=30352491
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16023782U Granted JPS5966203U (en) | 1982-10-25 | 1982-10-25 | fiber optic switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5966203U (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5346748A (en) * | 1976-10-09 | 1978-04-26 | Ritsuo Hasumi | Variable light attenuator |
-
1982
- 1982-10-25 JP JP16023782U patent/JPS5966203U/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5346748A (en) * | 1976-10-09 | 1978-04-26 | Ritsuo Hasumi | Variable light attenuator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5966203U (en) | 1984-05-02 |
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