JPS63150601A - Three-dimensional measuring device for size of body - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a baseplate member (1) with a rotatable object receptacle (6) for rotatably accepting, for example, a tool (100) to be measured. Arranged next to the tool is a guide column (41) with a guide rail (42) along which a measuring carriage (43) can be moved up and down. The carriage (43) has a horizontally displaceable measuring rail (60), on the end (65) of which a touch probe arrangement (70) is mounted. The latter comprises a touch probe (80) with a probe head (86) which can be brought to bear against the tool (100). The probe head (86) can be moved with respect to the probe element region (4) which is mounted on the measuring rail. Actuating the probe head (86) in the horizontal direction (towards the right) effects the same displacement movement of the probe head (86) as does actuation of the same in the vertical direction (upwards); this displacement movement is read by means of a clock gauge (72). It is possible by means of this device to measure objects in three dimensions without altering the design of the device or readjusting it. <IMAGE>

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a measuring device that three-dimensionally measures the dimensions of an object such as a tool used in a processing device or an electrode in an electrolytic processing device. The apparatus of the invention includes a base plate member with a measurement object station configured to rotatably but immovably fix the object to be measured in the radial and axial directions. In addition to this object receiving station,
A measuring carriage assembly is mounted, which assembly includes a guide column and a measuring carriage that can be slid along the guide column, for example up and down.

The measurement carriage has a measurement rail slidably mounted perpendicular to the direction of extension of the guide column and supports a measurement caliper assembly at one end thereof.

In such a known device of type O, an object, for example a tool, is fixed in an object receiving station and a measuring carriage is moved along a guide column to a suitable height. Next, the measurement rail is displaced toward the object to be measured until the sensing surface of the carrying head provided at the end of the measurement rail touches the object.

The displacement of the measuring rail is recorded and a first dimension, for example a dimension extending in the horizontal direction, is obtained therefrom. To measure a second dimension, preferably another horizontally extending dimension, the measuring device is displaced toward the object until it overlaps the object. The measuring carriage is then lowered until the other sensing surface of the carrier IJ/4' head touches the object again. Record the measurement carriage D height at this time and obtain the second dimension from it.

It is not easy to measure the point at which the sensing surface of the Carrinon head contacts the object, or the measuring rail until the sensing surface of the Carrinon head contacts the object! Since the act of intuitive displacement is too imprecise, a means of measurement in the form of a measuring instrument or the like is used to record and display the contact with the object to be measured with sufficient precision. This is well known.

The known measuring caliper 4 moves linearly in one direction.

That is, a change in linear dimension in one direction (and only in this direction) is proportionally transformed into a measured value, which is displayed by a measuring device operatively coupled to a measuring caliper. Therefore, if you want to measure the dimensions of a workpiece or differences or changes in dimensions in two directions, the measuring camera IJ /4'
The only option was to reorganize and readjust the measuring device containing the two, or to use two measuring devices that operated independently of each other. These methods have resulted in an increase in work time and/or investment.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to improve a device of the type mentioned above, so that it can be used more efficiently and universally than the devices of the prior art.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the above-mentioned type which allows the dimensions of an object to be measured in a plurality of different directions without the need for rearrangement or readjustment of the measuring apparatus and its carriage assembly. .

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a device similar to the one described above which can be miniaturized, manufactured at low cost, and which is highly precise and reliable.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can easily and quickly measure the dimensional deviation of an object from known standard dimensions, the rotation accuracy of a rotary tool, and the position of an object with respect to the base fabric position.

The above purpose and other objects are to provide a measuring device for three-dimensionally measuring the dimensions of an article, which includes a base plate member, a base plate member attached to the base plate member, and a measuring device that measures an object to be measured in a rotatable manner and in an axial and radial direction. This is realized by a measuring device comprising an object receiving means configured to be fixed against movement in the direction. A measurement carriage assembly is mounted on the base plate member at a location remote from the object receiving means. The carriage assembly includes a guide column projecting from the base plate member and extending in a first direction, and a measurement carriage slidably mounted on the guide column for movement along the guide column. A measurement rail is slidably mounted on the measurement carriage for movement in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

The guide column is provided with first drive means for driving the measuring carriage to move along the guide column in said first direction, and the measuring carriage is provided with second drive means for driving the guide rail in said second direction. to move in a straight line.

The measuring device of the invention further includes measuring caliper means mounted on one end of the measuring rail and locking means provided on the measuring carriage. The locking means moves to lock the movement of the measuring carriage along the guide column and to fix the measuring carriage at any position on the guide column.

The first and second drive means each include a rotary drive member;
a reverser assembly coaxially mounted to and operatively connected to the drive member; and a driven member coaxially mounted to and operatively connected to the reverser assembly and driven by the assembly at a first speed. It consists of. 1st
and the second drive means further includes secondary drive member means for engaging the driven member to drive the driven member at a second speed that is slower than the first speed.

The measuring caliper means used in the device of the present invention comprises a caliper.
It includes a measuring caliper consisting of a mother body and a caliper head mounted on the caliper body for displacement with respect to the caliper bodies. In order to displace the caliper/IP head with respect to the caliper 41 body, a connecting means is provided for connecting the caliper head to the caliper body, and the caliper head is connected to the caliper head in the above-mentioned first and second directions and any direction between these two directions. When applying one foot of measuring force, Kiya IJ
To ensure that the head is always displaced by the same amount and in the same direction with respect to the carrying body. In order to recognize such displacements, the measuring caliper means further include position detection means for indicating the position of the caliper head with respect to the caliper body.

The advantages offered by the device according to the invention are numerous, in particular the ability to measure objects symmetrical about the axis of rotation from all sides with high speed, precision and high sensitivity. Furthermore, keeping the measurement rail in a locked state is convenient for, for example, measuring the rotational accuracy of a rotary device or the like, or for measuring variations in the shape of a multidimensional object. Furthermore, all measurements can be made in any measurement direction within a 90° area without any reconfiguration or readjustment of the device.

Next, one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be exemplarily described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Specific Example The measuring device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a pace plate member 1.
including. The base plate member is preferably in the form of a rigid cast iron body and comprises two coplanar surface areas 2.3 which are machined exactly flat and planar. A measuring carriage device, generally indicated by the reference numeral 4, is located in said planarized surface area 2? It can be installed by tightening bolts, etc. The configuration of the measurement carriage device 4 will be explained in detail later. The pace plate member 1 is provided with measuring object receiving means, generally indicated by the kiln number 5. This receiving means comprises said planar surface area 3 of the pace plate member 1.
embedded in. The measuring object receiving means 5 comprises a generally cylindrical sleeve 6t-, in which a conical lumen 7 is coaxially arranged, which is configured to clamp and receive the measuring object. The sleeve 6 is open at the top, and the shape and size of the inner cavity 7 corresponds to the shape and size of the standardized tool shaft, so that the tool to be added can be placed in the W ground 1 constant object receiving means 5. Allows insertion. Sleeve 6Fi 2 installed with a distance between them
It is supported without gaps in the recess 12 of the base plate part 1 by two ball bearings 8.9.

The upper ball bearing 8 is covered by an annular cover member 10 having a central opening 11 through which the sleeve 6 projects outwardly. If necessary, a suitable type of sealing member (not shown) can also be inserted between the edge of the opening 11 and the surface of the sleeve 6.

If the object to be measured does not have a conical shaft that can be inserted directly into the bore 7 of the sleeve 6,
An adapter member 14 is provided. Some examples of adapter parts are listed below.
Shown in Figure a - Figure 1C.

FIG. 1a thus shows a cross-sectional view of a reduction adapter member 15 which includes a surface area 16 that corresponds exactly in shape and size to the lumen 7 of the sleeve 6. This reduction adapter member 15
can be inserted directly into the receiving lumen 7 of the sleeve 6. [Reduced adapter member] It is provided with a small conical receiving bore 17 with a diameter of 5, and receives a tool to be measured having, for example, an acute conical shaft.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a hydraulically actuated chuck 25 that includes a surface area 26 that corresponds exactly in shape and size to the receiving lumen 7 of the sleeve 6.

This chuck 25 can therefore be inserted directly into the bore 7 of the sleeve 6. The chuck 25 is provided with a cylindrical receiving lumen 27 or the like and configured to receive a tool or other object having a cylindrical shaft.

FIG. 1 aid is a schematic side view of the clamping and centering element 35, the head 37 of which cooperates with a counter member (not shown) for fixing the object to be measured. Such a tightening and centering element can be used, for example, as a high-speed coupling device that operates with high precision for electrodes of electroerosion processing equipment. The tightening and centering element 35 comprises a shaft 38 with a surface area 36 that corresponds exactly in shape and dimensions to the bore 7 of the sleeve 6 . Therefore, the tightening and centering element 35
can be inserted in a direct fit into the receiving lumen 7 of the sleeve 6.

The adapter member 14 shown in FIGS. 1a-1c and described above is only a few examples. It is the actual facts and the shape and size of the object to be measured that determine whether the adapter member 14 is needed or not, and the configuration of the adapter member if necessary. It is the shape and size of the object to be measured. As an option, the rotatable sleeve 6 may be provided with suitable tightening means instead of the conical receiving lumen 7. The essential conditions are
The sleeve 6 is rotatably received in the base plate member 1 without any gaps in the radial and axial directions, and the sleeve 6 can immobilize the object to be measured.

The measuring carriage device 4 generally includes a mounting plate 40 which is fixedly connected to the flat machined surface area 2 of the base plate member 1 by delting or otherwise. A guide column 41 is mounted on the mounting plate in such a way that it extends exactly perpendicular to the flat machined surface area 2 of the base plate member 1.

The guide column 41 is provided with a guide rail 42, on which the measuring caliper 3 is slidably mounted so that the measuring carriage can move up and down. In order to slidably attach the caliper 3 to the rail 42, it is desirable to provide a linear ball bearing. Such linear ball bearings are well known) and include a plurality of balls that engage with V-shaped grooves provided along both opposing edges of the guide rail 42, and simultaneously with the movement of the caliper 3. rolling around inside. Linear ball bearings of this type provide very precise support for the sliding carriage with virtually no air gaps and require virtually no repairs.

In order to drive the measuring caliper 3 along the guide rail 42, the guide column 41 includes a column head 44 with drive means 45 for adjusting the height of the caliper 3. The drive means 45 includes a drive wheel 46 having an eccentrically mounted drive bin 47. Simultaneously with the rotation of the drive wheel 46, the caliper 3 is moved along the guide column 41 at a first or faster speed. The drive means 45 further include a secondary drive wheel 48 . Sub-drive wheel 48
is actuated as necessary to guide the caliper 3 into the guide column 4.
1 at the second speed, that is, the slower speed. At the faster first speed, the caliper 3 is moved along the column 41 with coarse precision to near the desired height, and at the slower second speed.
The caliper 3 is precisely positioned at a desired height by speed.

The design and construction of drive means 45 will be further explained in connection with FIG.

A locking means 50 is provided on the measuring caliper 3. Locking means 50
is attached to the carriage housing 49 and the guide rail 42
Collaborate with The locking means 50 can be actuated via an actuation knob 51 and serves to immovably fix the caliper 3 with respect to a certain height of the guide column 41. The design and construction of the locking means 50 will be discussed below in connection with Figure 8.9.10.11.

The measuring caliper 3 is further provided with a measuring rail 60. The measurement rail 60 in this example is mounted so that it can slide horizontally, that is, from side to side. In any case, the measurement rail 60
The direction of movement is exactly perpendicular to the direction of movement of the measuring caliper 3.

The mounting and guiding of the measuring rail 60 is also carried out using linear ball bearings as described above.
It is desirable to be able to precisely displace the material essentially without friction.

To drive the measuring rail 60 with respect to the caliper 3,
A driving means 61 similar to the driving means 45 is provided. The drive means 61 comprises a drive wheel 62 with an eccentrically mounted drive bin 63, which moves the measuring rail 60 at a first speed;
In other words, it is driven at the faster speed. A secondary drive wheel 64 is also provided to drive the measuring rail 60 at a second, or slower, speed.

One end 65 of the measuring rail, i.e. the measuring object receiving means 5
The lateral end is configured to receive a measuring caliper means. The measurement caliper and means will be detailed later. Finally, the measuring caliper 3 can also be provided with locking means (not shown) similar to the locking means 50 described above, in order to lock the measuring rail 60 against horizontal movement.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the end 65 of the measuring rail 60 is provided with measuring caliper means, indicated generally by the reference numeral 70. Measurement carry (means 70 is measurement carry 48
0 and also includes a support body 71. Measurement caliper 80 will be described below in connection with FIGS. 5 and 6. Support 7
1 is rigidly fixed to a measuring rail 60 and moves to support a measuring instrument 72 of known construction. The measuring caliper 4 includes a rigid part 84 fixedly connected to the end 65 of the measuring rail 60 and a movable part 83 supporting a carrier/four head 86. The needle 73 of the measuring instrument 72 rests on the movable part 83 and is configured such that the measuring instrument indicates the displacement of the movable part 83 with respect to the rigid part 84 .

The general configuration of measurement caliper 80 can be recognized and appreciated from FIG. In this example, the measuring caliper 80 comprises a caliper body 82, which is divided into a first movable part 83 and a second rigid part 84, as mentioned above. . The two parts can be displaced with respect to each other as described below.

The second portion 84 includes two mounting holes 85 that move to secure the rigid portion 84 of the carrier body 82 to the end 65 of the measurement rail 60.

The first portion 83Vi is displaceably connected to the second portion 84 and includes a caliper head 86.

The caliper head in this example is securely secured to the extension 89 of the first portion 83 of the caliper body 82 by screws 87 . The caliper head 86 has a hexahedral shape and has at least two measurement surfaces 90a.

90b. These measurement surfaces are machined flat,
Extends at an angle of exactly 90 degrees with respect to two adjacent measurement surfaces. Depending on the actual application, the caliper head 86f may have other shapes such as a prism shape, or the flat measurement surface 9
Measurement points or measurement edges may be used instead of 0a and 90b.

The movable connection between the first part 83 and the second part 84 of the caliper 4 body 82 is arranged in the measurement direction, ie the measurement plane 90m, 9
This is achieved by an elastically deformable connecting member extending at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to 0b. In this example, two connecting members 91 and 92 are provided to form a part of the carrier IJ, 4 body 82.

The caliper body itself is integrally formed. In other words, parts 83 and 84 are composed of the same body, which can be divided into two parts.
Dividing into two parts 83, 84 is a plurality of slots 9
3&~93c and 94 are achieved by providing two parts 83, 84 so as to separate them from each other.

As is clear from FIG. 5, the caliper body 82 has nine surfaces 95 extending at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the measurement surfaces 90a, 90b. Such a configuration makes it possible to freely acquire yet another measurement surface 90d. 93e parallel to this side surface, i.e. also at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the measuring surfaces 90a, 90b.
It is provided a little distance from the side surface 95. This allows the first
A connecting member 92 is formed. This first connecting member 92 is
It is constituted by the remaining material portion that connects the first portion 83 and the second portion 84 of the caliper body 82.

Slot 93a follows via a vertically arranged slot 93b, which also extends at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to measuring plane 90m, 90b, to slot 93m arranged perpendicularly with respect to slot) 93b. Therefore, although the slots 93m and 93a are parallel, they are spaced one foot apart. Finally, parallel to the slot 931 with a slight distance, another slot 94 is inserted into the carrier main body 8.
2, so that the portion of material remaining between the slots 94 and 93 forms another connecting member 91.

As will be explained in more detail below, it is essential that the material portions 91,92 acting as connecting members extend at an angle of exactly 45 degrees with respect to the measuring surfaces 90m, 90b. On the other hand,
It is of no great importance that the connecting members 91,92 be an integral part of the carrier body 82. For example, the same result can be obtained by providing each section 83, 84 of the main body 82 of the carrier 14 as individually machined and separate sections connected to each other via two leaf springs (not shown). This is because the leaf spring also has the same function as the material parts 91 and 92, but what we must pay attention to here is the carry/4
As long as the head 86 is in its rest position, the longitudinal extension of the leaf springs should form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the measuring planes 90m, 90b.

Now, if a force acts on the measurement surface 90 in the direction of arrow P1 (
(See FIG. 6), the measurement surface 90m also tends to be displaced linearly in the direction of the arrow PI. Since the first portion 83 of the carrier 14 main body 82 and, by extension, the caliper head 86 are rotatably connected to the second portion 84 of the carrier IJ-4 main body 82, the caliper head 86 is forcibly moved in the direction of the arrow Pl. At the same time, it is also moved in the direction of arrow P. The reason is that the first movable part 83 consists of two material parts 91.
92 (or optionally two unillustrated leaf springs as described above) to the second stationary part 84 so as to extend at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the measurement direction. It is. This creates a kind of (imaginary) pivot axis at the intersection of the material part 91, 92 and the second part 84, i.e. points X and Y (FIG. 6), about which the first part 83 turns.

In FIG. 6, the maximum displacement of the carry/four head 86 under the influence of force P1 is shown. As can be seen, the left-hand end of slot 94.93e is closed, while the left-hand end of slot 93m is fully open. In this way, the two left-hand ends of the material portions 91 and 92 abut against the adjacent walls of the main body of the canister IJ.
A stopping action is provided and the portion 83 can no longer be displaced.

In practice, the displacement of the carrier head 86 with respect to the stationary portion 84 of the carrier 14 body 82 is at most in the range of millimeters. Since the caliper is used not for absolute position measurement but for precision measurement regarding the reference position, this amount of displacement is sufficient. Material part 91.92
Theoretically, inaccuracies should occur due to the deformation of the head 86, but since the amount of displacement of the head 86 is very small, there will not be much inaccuracy.

Exactly the same thing occurs when a measuring force acts on the measuring surface 90b in the direction of arrow P.

Theoretically, the head should try to be displaced in the direction of the measurement force, but as explained earlier, the head is forced to move between the arrows P1 and P0. This achieves the desired result. That is, the displacement of the caliper head 86 can be measured in two orthogonal directions (for example, the direction of arrow P and the direction of arrow P) using only one measuring device such as measuring instrument 72 in FIG.

Surprisingly, the measuring force does not only act on the caliper head 86 in the two orthogonal directions mentioned above, but also in any direction between the two orthogonal measuring directions. The same thing happens if you do. In other words, P! A measuring force acting in a direction comprised in the area between and P causes the caliper head 86 to
4 are displaced in the same direction.

The measuring device sensor such as the needle of the measuring instrument 72 is measuring carry/#
If the point of contact with 8Q is a precisely flat plane where the carino 9 extends at a precisely defined angle with respect to the measurement direction,
Usually, it is not a particularly important time.

It seems most effective to machine the heads of the screws 88 that secure the carry/four head 84 to the section 83 precisely flat so that the needle can rest against the heads of the screws 880.

Next, the structure and function of the drive means 45.61 will be explained with reference to FIG. 7, which shows a sectional view of the drive means 45.61.

A particularly important part of the drive means 45.61 is the reversing device assembly, generally indicated by the reference numeral 110. The reversing device assembly IIQ includes a reversing device assembly housing 112 which is fixed via a screw 113 to the measuring caliper 3 or to the head part 44 . The housing 112 houses a driven shaft 114, which is rotated by the housing 112 via two ball bearings 115 inserted at a distance from each other into a bore 116 of the assembly housing 112. It is attached freely. One end 114' of the driven shaft 114 projects outwardly from the housing 112 and supports, for example, a friction wheel (not shown). The driven member 11 is attached to the other free end 114b of the driven shaft.
7 will be provided. The driven member 117 is torsionally secured to the end portion 114b by receiving a set screw 118 in a threaded radial bore 119 provided in the driven member 117.

Driven member 117 generally has a disc-like shape and includes a hub-like extension 120 in the center. The elongated portion 120 protrudes from the disc-shaped driven member 117 and abuts on surfaces facing the two ball bearings 115 .

A disk-shaped gale cage 121 is mounted on the extension part 120 via a ball bearing 122. The ball cage 121 extends parallel to its central axis and includes three circular openings 123 equally spaced near the periphery of the disc-shaped cage 1210.

Each of these openings 123 receives a ball 124, which is connected to the driven member 1 as will be explained in detail later.
Rolling on 17. The diameter of the opening 123 is the ball 124
or slightly larger than the diameter of the opening 123 to allow the two-rule 124 to rotate freely within the opening 123. The thickness of the disc-shaped cage 121 is made slightly smaller than the diameter of the beer, and the sol 124 is placed in the opening 12.
When the ball 124 is inserted into the disc-shaped cage 121
so that it slightly protrudes from the two opposing planes.

The disc-shaped cage 121 is preferably made of a plastic material that has a lower coefficient of friction than the polished steel from which the balls are made. The balls 124 are of exactly the same type as used in ball bearings, and are commercially available in various sizes.

Furthermore, a recess 125 is provided around the disc-shaped cage 121. A locking pin 126 mounted on an extension 127 of gear assembly housing 112 engages this recess 125, thereby preventing rotation of disc-shaped cage 121. In other words, when the driven shaft 114 and thus the driven member 117 rotate, the disc-shaped cage 121 is at rest.

Reverser assembly 110 further includes drive member 46.62.
Contains. The drive member 46.62 is rotatably mounted to the extension of the driven member 117 via a ball bearing 129 received in a central circular opening of the generally disc-shaped drive member 46.62. The inner ball race of ball bearing 129 is slidably engaged with the outer surface of extension 120 so that drive member 46.62 can be displaced axially.

A retaining member 130 is used to retain the drive member 46.62.
is provided. The outer diameter of the holding member 130 is the same as that of the driving member 46.
The diameter of the central opening of 62 is slightly smaller, and the driven member 11
A central extension 131 protrudes toward the extension 120 of No. 7.
Contains. The holding member 130 #i is attached to the extension portion 120 of the driven member 117 via a screw 132 so as to be twisted and fixed thereto.

Cup spring 133 is pushed onto extension 131 of retaining member 130 so that its inner edge abuts collar 134 at the base of extension 131.

The outer edge of cup spring 133 engages the outer flange face of the inner race of ball bearing 129 which projects beyond the front face of extension 120 .

Both the surface of the driven member 117 on the driving member 46.62 side and the surface of the driving member 46.62 on the driven member side are respectively made up of flattened driving surface portions 135 and 136, and these surface portions act as a race. and causes the ball 124 to roll on it.

The drive surface portions 135,136 are generally annular in shape and are ground flat. It is also hardened and polished as necessary. When the reversing device assembly is assembled as shown in FIG.
The inner ball race exerts an axial force. As a result, an axial force is also applied to the drive member 46.62 on the driven member 117 side. As a result, the -ζ-sill 124 is sandwiched between the drive surface portion 135 of the drive member 46°62 and the drive surface portion 136 of the driven member 117.

Attached to the upper part of the reversing device assembly housing 112, for example via screws 139, is a pouch 137, which includes a drive spindle 139 with an auxiliary drive wheel 48.64.
is accepted. The drive wheel is fixedly attached to the end of the spindle via a set screw 141. The drive spindle 139 can rotate and also be displaced with respect to the bush &137. It also includes a cheeked end 142 which engages the peripheral edge of driven member 117 in the position shown in FIG. 7, ie, with drive spindle 139 actuated. Blind hole 145 extending obliquely to bush 137
is provided to house the pressure spring 144 and ball 143. The spindle 139 has a conical jacket-shaped surface portion 146
has. The spindle 13 is pressed against this surface portion 143 under the action of a spring 144.
9 is displaced in the axial direction so that its tapered end 142 is pressed against the peripheral edge of the driven member 117. The drive spindle 139 can be disengaged by pulling up the secondary drive wheel 48.64 to release the tapered end 142 from the peripheral edge of the driven member 117.

The operation of the driving means described above is as follows.

Suppose that the drive spindle 139 is disengaged for a period of time. Drive members 46, 62 are each rotationally driven by drive bins 47.63. As the drive member 46.62 is pressed against the groove 124 under the action of the cup spring 133, the groove 124 rolls on the drive surface portion 135 of the drive member 46.62, so that the (imaginary) It is driven to rotate about a radially extending axis. Lock pin 126
is engaged with the recess 125 to prevent rotation of the disc-shaped cage 121, and the disc-shaped cage 121 does not rotate. The belt 24, which is being driven and rotated by the drive member 46.62, rolls with its opposite side on the drive surface portion 136 of the driven member 117, causing the driven member 117 to be pushed against the drive member 4.
6. Rotationally driven in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of 62 at the first speed, that is, the faster speed. Therefore, the driven member 1
17 (driven shirt) 114 screwed and fixedly connected to
It also rotates.

In order to drive the driven member 117 at the second or slower speed, the drive spindle 139 is placed in the engaged position shown in FIG. The tee/band end 142 is thereby pressed against the peripheral edge of the driven member 117 under the action of the spring-loaded ball 143. When the secondary drive wheel 48.64 is rotated, the conical jacket surface of the Q/J end 142 of the drive spindle 139 rolls along the circumferential edge of the driven member 117, driving the driven member 117 in rotation. do.

Due to the difference in diameter (the very small effective diameter of the tenor 4 end 142 and the large diameter of the peripheral edge of the driven member 117), the transmission rate is low and the rotational position of the driven member 117 can be finely adjusted. It is possible.

The action of the cup spring 1330 that presses the drive members 46, 62 toward the ball 124, and the action of the cup spring 1330 that presses the drive members 46, 62 toward the ball 124,
Under the action of pressing 17, the voids have almost disappeared. However, the ball 124 in the disc-shaped cage 121
The friction of the surface portions 135, 136 is very small
The reversing device assembly is able to rotate freely as it rolls on the reversing device assembly without substantially significant friction. Ball 124, disk-shaped cage 1211 surface portion 13
5 and 136 do not require lubrication, so there is virtually no need for maintenance, and furthermore, the operation of the reversing device assembly can be guaranteed over a long period of time.

For reasons of construction, engaging the friction drive means in the form of the end 114a of the shaft 114 only with the upper edge of the displaceable measuring rail 60 would lead to an irrational adjustment method for the measuring rail 60. . Thus, if the end 114& of the shaft 114 is rotated clockwise, the measuring rail 60 is displaced to the left, and vice versa to the right.

The drive means described above solves this problem.

If the drive member 62 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the drive pin 63, the drive member 117 and thus the drive shaft 114 will be rotated counterclockwise, so that the measuring rail 60 is theoretically correctly rotated to the right. is displaced. To coarsely adjust the measuring rail 60 near the desired position, the secondary drive wheel 64 is pulled out to disengage the drive spindle 139 and the drive wheel 62 rotates accordingly.

Next, push the auxiliary drive wheel 64 into the drive spindle 1.
39's end 142 is engaged with the outer peripheral edge of the driven member 117. By rotating the sub-drive wheel 64 clockwise, the measurement rail 601d slowly moves to the right. This is because the direction of rotation is reversed by the cooperation of the drive spindle 139 and the driven member 117.・The same can be said about adjusting the height of the measurement caliper. As described above, in the measuring device of the present invention, very n-tight and highly sensitive adjustment is possible due to the operation of the driving means which does not have the above-mentioned voids and has very little friction.

Next, the structure and function of the locking means 50 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11 showing details of the locking means 50.

As can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, the locking means 50 includes a locking yoke 53 consisting of a lower yoke member 53m and an upper yoke member 53b. Which yoke member 53a
, 53b also have a plate-like shape and are arranged parallel to each other with a small distance therebetween. Two plate members 53m, 53
b are mutually connected via a blade-like connecting member. In this example, the blade-like connecting member consists of two yoke members 53a, 53b and an integral thin material section 54.

Lower yoke member 53 a is fixedly connected to carriage housing 49 and extends perpendicularly to guide rail 42 . The upper yoke member 53b extends perpendicularly to the guide rail 42 and is disposed parallel to and above the lower yoke member 53, and includes two extensions 55.

The extensions 55 are arranged in the region of two adjacent edges of the upper yoke 53b and overlap the side edges of the guide rail 42 forming the V-shaped guide groove 42m.

Both extensions 55 are provided with threaded locking pins 56 which are received in corresponding female threaded holes in the extensions 55. The free end of the locking pin 56 remote from the groove 42m supports the locking nut 57, thereby preventing the locking pin 56 from being accidentally misadjusted. The other end of the locking pin 56 is tapered and projects into the associated V-shaped guide groove 42m. Lock yoke 5
The upper yoke member 53b of No. 3 is provided with a locking screw 58, and when the locking screw 58 is tightened, the front surface of the upper yoke member 53b comes into contact with the front surface of the guide rail 42.

By providing the blade-like connecting member, the upper yoke member 53b can be displaced in its plane relative to the lower yoke member 53m, but the direction of displacement is perpendicular to the guide rail 42, and the guide rail 42 is perpendicular to the guide rail 42. This is not the direction in which the rail 42 extends. This is because the material portion 54 is elastically bendable but rigid in its longitudinal direction. Said rigidity is further enhanced by the fact that the axis of the locking pin 56 lies in the enlarged central plane of the material section 54 (see FIG. 10).

The operation of the locking means 50 is as follows. In the normal, unlocked position, the locking screw 58 is released, and the two locking pins are adjusted so that their respective ends protrude into the figure-7 groove 42a, leaving a small gap. At the same time, it should not come into contact with the walls of the groove 42&. The measuring caliper 3 can therefore be moved up and down without being disturbed. In order to lock the movement of the measuring caliper 3, tighten the locking screw 58 so that its front side can be locked against the guide rail 42.
The upper yoke member 5 of the locking yoke 53 is in contact with the front surface of the locking yoke 53.
3b is forcibly displaced away from the guide rail 42. The material portion 54 is thereby elastically deformed. This amount of deformation is very small, approximately on the order of imeter. As a result, the tapered end of the locking pin 56 comes into contact with the wall of the 7-shaped groove 421L, preventing the measurement caliper 3 from moving any further. The locking force is transmitted from the upper yoke member 53b of the locking yoke 53 to the lower yoke member 53a via the material portion 54. The aforementioned threading material section 54 is rigid in its longitudinal direction, thereby ensuring a safe and immovable locking.

In order to reliably prevent damage to the walls of the 7-shaped groove 42m, in which the balls of the linear ball bearing roll, the taper end of the locking pin 56 should be made very thin, and the walls of the V-shaped groove 42m should be made very thin. so that their ends abut on the non-contact parts of the balls.

As is clear from FIG. 11, the locking pin 56 is located at the groove 42m.
The region (2) in contact with the wall portion 59 of is located closer to the bottom of the groove than the region (2) where the sol rolls.

Next, a method for measuring tools will be explained from a table with reference to FIGS. 3 and 1.

This is just one example selected from among the many uses of the measuring device of the invention. The milling cutter 100 includes a shaft 101 with a cutter head 102, the cutter head 1
02 supports a plurality of cutting blades 103. Shan) 10
1 is inserted into the measurement object receiving means 5, for example directly into the sleeve 6.
(FIG. 1). To measure the effective diameter of the cutter head 102, the measuring caliper 43 is displaced to a height such that the caliper head 86 contacts the edge of one of the cutting edges 103. Next, measurement caliper 3
By engaging with the locking means 50, the measuring caliper 3
to prevent it from being accidentally displaced further. As a next step, the measuring rail 60 is displaced towards the cutter head 102 until the caliper head 86 contacts the edge of the cutting blade 103. As mentioned above, disengaging the spindle 139 (FIG. 7) by operating the drive wheel 62 will initially displace the measuring rail 60 to the left. Thereafter, the sub-drive wheel 64 is pushed in to engage the spindle 139 with the peripheral edge of the driven member 117 (FIG. 7), and the sub-drive wheel 64 is slowly rotated to further finely displace the measurement rail 60. let Finally, the position of the measuring rail 60 is determined by the Carino! 0″, which corresponds exactly to the designated position of the head 86.
Let the value be the point indicated by the meter 72.

In this connection, it should be pointed out that the measuring device according to the invention must be calibrated before it can be operated, for example to measure the size of an object.

Such a calibration operation may be performed only once before the apparatus is operated for the first time, or each time the carry/odd head 80 is readjusted or replaced. For this purpose, a calibration mandrel of known height and diameter can be used and introduced into the measuring object receiving means 5. When the caliper head 86 contacts the surface of the calibration mandrel and the measurement rail is adjusted so that the instrument 72 points to a value of "0", the measurement rail 600
The reference displacement amount is fixed, and subsequent measurements can be calculated based on this value.

The same goes for height. Carino arm head 8
The measuring caliper 3 is lowered until the lower measuring surface of the caliper 6 contacts the front side of the calibration mandrel and the instrument 72 indicates the "on" value, and the caliper head 86 is displaced toward the front of the calibration mandrel. As a result, the reference value for the height of the measuring caliper 3 is fixed.

Returning again to the example of FIG. 3, the displacement of the measuring rail 60 measured at the point where the instrument points to a value of "0" is correlated with a known reference value from which the effective diameter of the cutter head is calculated. Similarly, the milling cutter 100 is rotated several positions ffi in the measuring object receiving means 5 and the cutter head 10
The rotational accuracy of the milling cutter 100 can also be checked by measuring the effective diameter at several points along the periphery of the milling cutter 100.

In the example of FIG. 1, the effective height of the milling cutter 100 is measured. For this purpose, the locking means 50 are released by displacing the measuring rail 6o slightly to the right from the position shown in FIG. Move it upwards to a certain point. The measuring rail 60 is again displaced to the left so that the lower measuring surface of the carrying head is directly above the upper edge of the cutting edge to be measured. Activating the locking means provided for locking the displacement of the measuring rail 60, the measuring caliper 3 is lowered until finally the caliper head 86 contacts the upper part of the cutting edge to be measured. After that, finely adjust the height of the measuring caliper 3 so that the reading on the meter 72 becomes "O#." Next, correlate the actual height value of the measuring caliper 3 with a known reference value, and adjust the height of the milling cutter 100. Calculating the actual effective height. As mentioned above, it is also possible to rotate the milling cutter 100 and take several measurements, for example to measure the height of a plurality of cutting edges 103.

It is clear that the measuring caliper assembly 70 of FIGS. 3 and 1 remains unchanged despite the ability to measure two mutually perpendicular dimensions.

The reason for this is that the displacement of the caliper head 86 with respect to the rigid part 84 of the measuring caliper 80 is always the same in terms of absolute value and direction, regardless of whether the measurement is carried out by the front measuring surface 90b or by the lower measuring surface 90a. This is because it is not relevant. When the measuring force is applied at any angle between the two directions mentioned above (i.e., horizontal and vertical), there is no deviation in the measured value, so even oblique surfaces of objects can be measured. In this way, the present invention enables the monitoring of two mutually perpendicular measuring directions and any direction in between, and detects any changes, without the need for structurally rearranged and readjusted measuring devices. Provides a measuring device that can perform measurements. In particular, the measurement of changes in the shape of the workpiece and the precise identification of the location where this change occurs can also be easily carried out with the same device without any modification of the measuring device.

For example, it is possible to measure positionally the point where the tapered end of a T-bass/4 circular drill transitions into a cylindrical drill part, the angle and flatness of a conical recess in a workpiece, etc.

Particularly when measuring the actual position of the measuring rail and measuring carriage electrically or electronically, the measuring task can be carried out very easily, quickly and precisely. Preferably, the originally measured reference value is stored using the electronic control unit, and this stored value is automatically correlated with the actual measured values of the measuring rail and measuring carriage so that the calculated measured values can be displayed directly. . When such a control device is used, in addition to various reference values, correction values such as numerical values related to a certain processing device can also be stored. If a tool is to be used in a different machining device, the measurements are carried out using the measuring device mentioned above before the tool is inserted into the machining device, and the individual stored reference values and correction values belonging to a certain machining device are called up. Then, it can be used to measure the tools used in the processing equipment. The measured values displayed are input directly to the processing device as correction values to be taken into account during operation of the processing device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the measuring device according to the present invention, showing only the base plate in cross section, and FIGS. 1a to 1I.
q e is a diagram showing three examples of inserts of the measurement object receiving means, FIG. Figure 3 is a schematic front view similar to Figure 2, but
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view similar to FIG. 3, but shows the device in a second measuring stage, with a measuring object fixed to the measuring object receiving means; FIG. , FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view showing the measuring carrier IJ No. 4 used in the measuring device of the present invention in its rest position, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the driving means, FIG. 8 is a partially sectional side view of the locking means, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the locking means of FIG. 8, and FIG. The figure is a detailed view of the part shown by the middle figure in FIG. 8, and FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the part shown by B in FIG. 9. l... Base plate member, 5... Measurement object receiving means, 14... Adapter member, 41... Guide column,
42... Guide rail, 43... Measuring carriage, 45
゜61... Drive means, 46.62... Drive wheel, 48.64... Sub drive wheel, 50... Locking means, 60... Measuring rail, 70... Measuring carrier means , 72...Measuring instrument, 80...Measuring carry/4
', 82... Carrier A1 main body, 110... Reversing device assembly, 117... Driven member. Procedural document (Method) May 12, 1985 1. Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 27973 2. Title of the invention 3-dimensional measuring device for object dimensions 3.
Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Name of the patent applicant Title E.R.A.G. 8, Contents of the amendment

Claims (17)

[Claims] (1) A measuring device for three-dimensionally measuring the dimensions of an object, comprising: - a base plate member; - the object is attached to the base plate member and is rotatable and movable in the axial and radial directions; - a guide column mounted on the base plate member at a distance from the object receiving means and projecting from the base plate member and extending in a first direction; a measurement carriage slidably mounted on the guide column for movement along the guide column; - a measurement carriage assembly movable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a measuring rail slidably mounted on the measuring carriage; and - provided on the guiding column for driving the measuring carriage to move along the guiding column in a first direction. - a second drive means arranged on the measuring carriage and arranged to drive the guide rail to move it linearly in the second direction; measuring caliper means mounted on one end of a measuring rail, - locking said measuring carriage moving along said guide column so that said measuring carriage can be moved anywhere on said guiding column; locking means are provided on said measuring carriage, the locking means being configured to be fixed in position; - said first and second drive means each being coaxial with a rotary drive member and said drive member; a reversing device assembly mounted and operatively connected thereto; and a driven member coaxially mounted and operatively connected to the reversing device assembly and driven by the assembly at a first speed; each second drive means includes secondary drive member means that engage said driven member to directly drive said driven member at a second speed less than said first speed; - said measuring caliper means is a caliper. a measuring caliper having a body and a caliper head mounted on the caliper body so as to be displaceable with respect to the caliper body; The caliper head is connected to the caliper body such that when a measuring force of one foot acts on the caliper head, the caliper head is displaced by the same amount and in the same direction with respect to the caliper body, and the caliper means further displaces the caliper head by the same amount and in the same direction with respect to the caliper body. A measuring device, characterized in that it includes position detection means configured to indicate the position of the head with respect to the caliper body. (2) The driving member and the driven member each include a driving surface region that is provided on surfaces that face each other at a distance and that extends perpendicularly to the rotation axis of the driving member and the driven member. and wherein the reversing device assembly includes at least two balls guided by a cage and rolling on the drive surface area, and at least one of the drive member and the driven member slides in an axial direction. Claim 1, further comprising spring means for pressing one of said drive member and said driven member against the other.
Measuring device as described in Section. (3) Each of the driving member and the driven member comprises a body portion of a cylindrical disc, the opposing surfaces of which are provided with the annular driving surface area. Measuring device according to scope 2. (4) The cage for guiding the ball is constituted by a circular disc made of plastic material and inserted between the driving member and the driven member, and the cage has at least two internal cavities. The measuring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the measuring device is provided parallel to the axis of the disk and near the periphery of the disk to receive the ball. (5) The measuring device further comprises a second measuring device mounted on the measuring carriage and configured to lock the movement of the measuring rail to fix the measuring rail in any position with respect to the measuring carriage. 2. Measuring device according to claim 1, comprising two locking means. (6) The measuring carriage is attached to the guide column via linear ball bearings, and balls of the linear ball bearings are provided on both longitudinal edges of the guide column.
the locking means includes a locking yoke, the locking yoke being rigidly connected to the housing of the measuring carriage and relative to the first direction; a first yoke portion extending substantially vertically;
a second yoke part disposed parallel to the yoke part and at a small distance therefrom, the second yoke part having two V-shaped grooves on both sides of the guide column; an extension having a locking pin projecting into the V-shaped groove, the second yoke portion being perpendicular to the first direction with respect to the first yoke portion; 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is connected so as to be movable in the first direction but not movable in the first direction. (7) The measuring rail is mounted on the measuring carriage via linear ball bearings, and the balls of the ball bearings are provided in two V-shaped longitudinal edges on both sides of the measuring rail. rolling in a groove, the second locking means including a locking yoke, the locking yoke being rigidly connected to the housing of the measuring carriage and substantially oriented relative to the second direction; a plate-shaped first yoke portion extending perpendicularly to said first yoke portion; and a second yoke portion disposed parallel to said first portion with a small distance therebetween; the second yoke portion includes two extensions overlapping the two V-shaped grooves on both sides of the measuring rail, the extensions having locking pins projecting into the V-shaped grooves; The first yoke portion is connected to the first yoke portion so as to be movable perpendicularly to the second direction but immovable in the second direction.
A measuring device according to claims 1 and 5. (8) The second yoke portion includes a locking screw, the locking screw displacing the second yoke portion with respect to the first yoke portion in the direction perpendicular to the first direction. , a measuring device according to claim 6 or 7. (9) A blade-shaped connecting member is provided extending in the first direction, and connects the second yoke portion to the first yoke portion. The measuring device according to item 7. (10) The connecting member is a thin material portion extending from the first yoke member to the second yoke and integrally formed with the first and second yoke members. The measuring device according to item 9. (11) The locking pin is a threaded pin that enters the extension, has a tapered end on the V-shaped groove side, and supports a lock nut on the end opposite to the tapered end. Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that
Measuring device as described in Section. (12) When the second yoke portion is displaced perpendicularly to the first direction with respect to the first yoke portion, the tapered end portion forms the V-shape in an area where the balls of the linear ball bearing do not contact. 12. Measuring device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tapered end is tapered to engage the side wall of the groove. (13) Claims 6 and 9 or 7 and 7, characterized in that the central axis of the locking pin is located within an enlarged plane in the direction in which the blade-like connecting member extends. The measuring device according to item 9. (14) The caliper body includes a first body portion and a second body portion, the first body portion and the second body portion are displaceable with respect to each other, and the caliper head is attached to the first body portion. The second body portion is configured to engage an object to be measured, and the second body portion is mounted on the measurement rail and includes at least one parallel portion extending at a 45 degree angle with respect to each of the first and second directions. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device is connected to the first body portion via two elastic connecting members. (15) The caliper body has an integral structure, and is divided into the first body portion and the second body portion by a plurality of slots provided in the caliper body, and the slots are divided into the first body portion and the second body portion. 15. Measuring device according to claim 14, characterized in that it extends at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to two directions. (16) A first member of the at least two connecting members between the first body part and the second body part consists of a narrow material section of the caliper body between two parallel extending slots. The measuring device according to claim 15, wherein: (17) An outer edge portion of the caliper body where a second member of the at least two connecting members between the first body portion and the second body portion extends at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the first and second directions. 16. Measuring device according to claim 15, characterized in that it consists of a narrow material section of the caliper body between and a slot extending parallel thereto.