JPS6315050A - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial application field The present invention is an improvement of an absorption refrigerator or an absorption heat pump (hereinafter referred to as this type of absorption refrigerator) that uses an aqueous lithium bromide solution or other salt solution as an absorption liquid. Regarding.

(b) Prior Art In this type of absorption refrigerator, the concentration of an absorbing liquid such as an aqueous lithium bromide solution is increased in order to operate efficiently. Therefore, if the circulation of the absorption liquid is stopped immediately when stopping operation, highly concentrated absorption liquid will remain in the solution heat exchanger or generator, and this will be cooled by the outside air and crystallized, which will hinder the restart of operation the next day. becomes. Therefore, in this type of absorption refrigerator, for example,
As seen in Publication No. 341 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-622, the operation stop button (stop switch) is pressed to stop the heating of the generator, and then the pump for the absorbed liquid is operated for a while while the absorption liquid is pumped. Conventionally, devices equipped with a control device that suspends operation after performing dilution operation have been put into practical use.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention In conventional absorption refrigerators as described above, the operation is usually stopped after the control device lowers the concentration of the absorption liquid in the generator or solution heat exchanger. Therefore, it is possible to safely start operation the next day, but if operation is stopped due to a power outage, the operation of the absorption liquid pump will stop at the same time as the power outage, and the function of the control device will also stop and operation to dilute the absorption liquid will be performed. Not possible. As a result, highly concentrated absorbing liquid remains in the generator, solution heat exchanger, etc. If it takes a long time for power to be transmitted again after a power outage, the absorption liquid in the generator or solution heat exchanger will cool down to near the crystallization temperature, so if the operation is restarted when power is retransmitted, the absorption liquid will crystallize. There is also a risk that a part of the flow path may be closed, which poses a problem that hinders the operation of retransmission die cutting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of this problem, the present invention aims to provide an absorption refrigerating machine of this type that can be safely operated during retransmission after a power outage.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as a means for solving the above problems, provides that when the power is retransmitted after a power outage, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir of the evaporator is equal to or higher than a set value, and the concentrated liquid is This type of absorption refrigerator is equipped with a control mechanism that resumes operation after diluting the absorption liquid when the temperature of an absorption liquid circulation path such as a utility pipe is below a set value.

(*) Function In this type of absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, the function is that when restarting operation by retransmitting power after a power outage, refrigerant liquid is accumulated in the evaporator to a level exceeding the set limit. If the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid circulation path such as the pipe, solution heat exchanger, or generator is below the set temperature, that is, if the absorption liquid is in a state where it is easy to crystallize, Since operation is restarted after diluting this, there is less risk of crystallization of the absorption liquid, and operation can be resumed safely.

(F) Embodiment Figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of this type of absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, and the embodiment shown in this figure uses this type of absorption refrigerator as a refrigerator. . In Figure 1,
(1) is a high temperature generator, (2) is a low temperature generator, (3) is a condenser, (4) is an evaporator, (5) is an absorber, (6), (7)
) is a low-temperature and high-temperature solution heat exchanger, (P, ) is a pump for refrigerant liquid, and (PA) is a pump for absorption liquid. These devices are pipes (8), (9) through which refrigerant flows, Pipe (1
0), pipes (11), (12) through which the refrigerant liquid flows back, pipes (13), (14) through which the polar liquid is sent, pipes (1) through which the intermediate liquid flows.
5), (16) and concentrated liquid flowing tubes (17), (18)
) to form a circulation path for refrigerant [water] and absorption liquid [lithium bromide aqueous solution] similar to the conventional absorption refrigerator of this type.

(19) is the combustion heating chamber of the high temperature generator (1), (20),
(20)... is a pipe through which combustion gas flows, (21)
is the heater of the low temperature generator (2), (22> is the condenser (3)
(23) is a water cooler built into the evaporator (4), (24) is a cooler built into the absorber (5), and (25) is a load side heat exchanger. (26) is a cooling tower, and (B) is a burner. (27) is a pipe for supplying fuel to the burner (B), (28) and (29> are pipes connecting the water cooler (23) and the load heat exchanger (25),
30), (31), and (32) are coolers (24) and (22).
) and the cooling tower (26), (PW) is the cold water pump provided in the pipe (28), and (PC) is the pipe (30).
(SC) is a temperature sensor provided in the pipe (30). Also, <S*> is the evaporator (4)
This is a liquid level sensor for the refrigerant liquid reservoir (31). In addition,
(F) is a blower for the cooling tower (26), (I'1(
c) is a thermostat for the blower (F).

(E) is a power supply, and (C0) is an operation control panel having the same function as a control device provided in a conventional absorption refrigerator. Further, (C8) is a controller. (S,) is a temperature sensor installed on the concentrated liquid flow path side of the low temperature solution heat exchanger (6), and the signal from this sensor is sent to the temperature controller (IMA).
) will be sent to. When power is retransmitted after a power outage, if the liquid level sensed by the liquid level sensor (S8) is higher than the set liquid level and the sensed temperature of the temperature sensor (SR) is lower than the set temperature of the temperature controller (1" MA), The controller (C8) that receives the signals from these sensors stops the operation of the burner (B) and first performs the dilution operation of the absorption liquid, and then the burner (B)
It is now possible to restart operation and resume operation.

Figure 2 shows the power supply (E), operation control panel (Ct), controller (C1), pumps (PI), (PA), (Pw), (P
C), burner (B), blower (F), liquid level sensor (
Thermostat (THc) for SR) and blower (F)
FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of a control mechanism connecting

In Fig. 2, (S) is a switch for switching between operation and stop of the absorption refrigerator, (R1), (R1), (R1), (
R4) and (R6) are excitation coils for auxiliary relays (hereinafter referred to as relay coils), (S*+), and (S), respectively.

C, (sms), (S□), (S□) are relay coils (R1), (R1), (R,), (R4), (
This is an auxiliary relay contact piece (hereinafter referred to as a relay contact piece) that is turned on when the relay coil (R,) is energized and turned off when it is de-energized, and (-5lll) is a contact piece that is turned on when the relay coil (R1) is energized. This is a contact piece for a relay that is turned off during normal operation and turned on during de-energized state.

(T,), (T,) and (T,) are timers, and when these timers are energized, they each set a predetermined time (
It performs an integration operation for a set period of time (hereinafter referred to as a set time), and when it is no longer energized, it is reset and the integration operation is resumed when it is re-energized.

(S yo) and (ST z ) are each timer (T, 〉
, (T2), these timer contacts are on when the timer is not energized,
After the timer is energized and starts operating, it is turned off after a set time has elapsed (hereinafter referred to as "after time-up") [note that it remains off while energized after time-up. ], when the power to the timer is cut off, it will turn back on again.

Also, (-5□) is a timer contact that is linked to the timer (T,), and this timer contact is off when the timer is not energized, and is turned on after the timer is energized and its time is up. [Please note that it remains on while power is being applied after time-up. ], when the power to the timer is cut off, it will turn off again.

Note that de-energized and de-energized refer to a state of not being excited and a state of not being energized, respectively.

(BF) is the combustion device of burner (B), (MF C, (M
PA), (MPw) and (MPc) are the motor coils of the refrigerant liquid pump (Pl), absorption liquid pump (PA), cold water pump (FW) and cooling water pump (PC), respectively, and (MF) is This is the motor fill of the blower (F), and (SPY) and (SrC) are contact pieces that are turned on when the motor coils (MP, ) and (MPC> are energized, respectively, and turned off when they are not energized).

Also, (SMP, ), (SM P C) and (Sur
) are the cold water pump (FW) and the cooling water pump (
PC) and blower (F) overload relay contact to prevent overload, (S-rHc) is the blower (F)
(siA) is a contact piece that turns off when the temperature is below the set temperature of the thermostat (T) 1c), and (siA) turns on when the liquid level falls below the set level of the liquid level sensor <SR>, but turns off when the liquid level rises above the set level. It is a contact piece. In addition, (Sr, A) indicates that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (SA) is the same as that of the temperature regulator (THA).
This is a contact piece that turns on when the set temperature is exceeded, and turns off when the temperature falls below the set temperature.

And (a,) ~(a,,), (b+) ~(b+x
), (dl) ~ (d, ), (e,) ~ (e,), (f
l>~(fs), (g), (h), (i,), (i,)
and (jo) to (j,) are the contacts of the circuit.

Next, in the absorption refrigerating machine configured as described above (hereinafter referred to as the present machine), first, the operation of the machine when starting up and stopping the operation [this operation is almost the same as that of a conventional absorption chiller].

], and then an example of the operation when power is retransmitted after a power outage will be described.

<Operation at start of operation> When the switch (SW) is turned on to the operating side, electricity is energized between the contacts (a,), (a,), (ai, and (b)), and the relay coil (R8) is turned on. It is excited.In addition, when the switch (SW) is turned on, the timer contact <-
5-t,) is energized after time-up (T,
), the relay coil (R1) is energized and the relay contact (sea) remains on.
is on.

The switch (SW) is turned on and the relay coil (R1)
When the energization is incorrect, the relay contact (Sy + t) turns on and the current flows between the contacts (dl), (h), (i,), and (el), and the motor fill (MPW) is energized and the cold water is turned on. pump (PW) is activated. In addition, motor fill (MP
When the motor coil (M
PC) is excited and the cooling water pump (PC) is activated.

Furthermore, when the motor coil (MPc) is excited, the contact piece (spC) is turned on and electricity is supplied between the contacts (d,) and (e,), and the motor coil (MF) is excited and the blower (F) is turned on. is activated.

° On the other hand, when the contacts (SP, :) and (S) are turned on, the current flows between the contacts (as) and (bs), the relay coil (R3) is excited, and the relay contact (S1g> turns on.

As a result, the contact points (a, , ), (g), (f6), (bl
u), contact points (a,,), (g>, (f4), (b++
) and contact points (a,,), (g), (f,), (b,
. ) is energized [Note that the relay contact (S□) is already turned on. ] made motor coil (MPA),
At the same time as the (MPI) is excited, the combustion device (BF) operates, and the absorption liquid pump (PA) and refrigerant liquid pump (P, )
and burner (B) is activated.

In this way, the operation at the time of starting the operation of this machine is completed.

Note that the relay contact piece (-5III) is connected to the relay coil (
RI) has already been turned off due to excitation of the timer (T).
1) is not energized, so the timer contacts (St,
) remains on. Therefore, the relay contact (Smz) is also turned on by the excitation of the relay fill (R1), and electricity is also supplied between the contacts (a, , ) and (f,). Furthermore, during power transmission, the timer (T,) has timed up and the contact (-5Tn) remains on.
Electricity is disconnected between contacts (ai) and l). In addition, the contact (
A6) and (j8) are also energized due to the self-holding of the relay fill (R1).

Operation when operation is stopped> When the switch (SW) is switched to the stop side and turned off, the relay coil (R1) is de-energized and the relay contact piece (5m+) is turned off, so the contact (f,)
, (bl,) becomes de-energized, the combustion device (BF) stops, and the burner (B) stops operating. On the other hand, at this point, between the contacts (a,,), (fI), (g), (b,), between the contacts (a,,), (fl), (f4), (b,,) (a,,), (fl), (f6), (blue
) remains energized, and contacts (at) and (
h), (i,), (i,), (e,), contact point (d,)
, (e,) and between the contacts (d,), (e,), the pumps (Pi), (PA), (F
W) and (pc) and the blower (F) continue to operate to dilute the absorption liquid.

Also, when the switch (SW) is switched to the stop side and the relay fill (R1) is de-energized, the relay contact (-
Since 5□) is turned on, the timer (T, ) starts operating. Then, after the timer (T,) times up [
For example, after 20 minutes, the timer contact piece (Si2) is turned off, the relay coil (R1) is no longer excited, and the relay contact piece (SIll) is turned off. As a result, the contact (
a, ), (fl), (g), (b,) are no longer energized, and at the same time, between contacts (f4) and (b+□), contact (f
6), (blz) and contacts (dl), (el) are no longer energized, and pumps (PR>, (PA) and (
PW) stops, and the dilution operation ends. Note that at this point, the timer contact (s
t+) is turned on again, but the relay contact (S
□), (SmZ) are off, the relay coil (R2) is not excited, and between the contacts (a, ,), (g) and between the contacts (a, ,), (f,) No power is supplied.

Next, the pump (
PC) and the blower (F) will be stopped in order, and the operation of this machine will be suspended.

<Operation when power is restored after power outage> If a power outage occurs while the machine is in operation, all circuits will be de-energized and all component devices of the machine will stop operating.

First, in the event of a power outage, the timers (T,), (T,) are de-energized, so these timers (T!>,
<xs) is reset. Also, a timer (T,
) is not energized, so the timer contact (-50) is turned off, while the timer (T,) is not energized, so the timer contact (SA,) is turned on.

Next, when power is transmitted again after a while, if the liquid level sensed by the liquid level sensor (S-) is lower than the set liquid level, or if the sensed temperature of the temperature sensor (SA) is lower than the temperature controller (T).
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature of MA), the contact piece (S, r□) remains on, so the relay coil (R5) is energized, the relay contact piece (smi) is turned on, and the contact (a ,
), (a,), (a, , ), (b,) are energized [in addition,
The switch (SW) remains turned on to the driving side. After the same operation as at the start of operation is repeated,
You can continue driving.

On the other hand, when power is retransmitted, when the liquid level sensed by the liquid level sensor (S) is higher than the set liquid level, the contact piece (Sua) is turned off, and the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor (SA) is When the temperature is below the set temperature of the regulator (TMA), the contact piece (STHA) is turned off, so the relay coil (R6
) is not excited. However, at the time of retransmission, the timer contact (for the relay because ST is on) and the signal (R4) are energized, so the relay contact (S*,
) is on, and the contacts (a,), (a,), (a
, ), (b, ) are not energized. For this reason, in the same way as the operation at the start of operation, first the cold water pump (pw)
starts operating, then the cooling water pump (P, :) and the blower (
F) operates in sequence, and further the combustion device (BF), the refrigerant liquid pump (PI), and the absorption liquid pump (FA) start operating.

Then, after the timer (T, ) times up (for example, one second after power is retransmitted), the timer contact (sr,) turns off, and the relay coil (R4) becomes de-energized. When the relay coil (R4) becomes de-energized, the relay contact (
Sua) is turned off, the contacts (f,) and (b,) are de-energized and the combustion device (BF) is stopped, while the pumps (P,) and ( P.A.
), (P, ) and (pc) and the blower (F) continue to operate, and the dilution operation of the absorption liquid is started.

In addition, in this machine, although the combustion device (BF) operates until the timer (T,) times up [the time when 1 second has passed after power is retransmitted], the burner (B) does not operate after this combustion device operates. The high temperature generator (1) is not actually heated because it usually takes one minute or more for the fuel to start burning. Furthermore, even if it were to heat up, the heating time would be extremely short, so it would have little effect on operation.

In addition, when the relay coil (R1) becomes de-energized as the relay coil (R4) becomes de-energized and the relay contact piece (Sua) turns off, the relay contact piece (-5m s
) is turned on, so the operation is the same as when the operation is stopped.
The timer (T1) is activated and the absorption liquid is diluted for a period of time (20 minutes) until the timer times out.

Then, at the time when the timer (r+>) times up [approximately 20 minutes have passed since power was retransmitted], the timer (T,) also times up (, the timer contact (-S-r,) turns on, and the contact (-S-r,) turns on ( A4), (j,), and (b4) are no longer energized, the relay coil (R6) is energized again, and the relay contact (S□) is turned on.As a result, the contact (a,) is turned on again.
, (a,), (a, ,), and (b,) are energized, and the same operation as at the start of operation is performed to resume operation of the machine.

In this way, in this machine, when the power is retransmitted after a power outage, if the liquid level in the refrigerant reservoir (31) of the evaporator (4) is higher than the set level, in other words, the evaporator ( 4) The accumulated amount of refrigerant liquid in the low temperature solution heat exchanger (6) exceeds a predetermined limit (for example, 60%), and the temperature If the temperature is below a predetermined limit (e.g., 30°C), a control mechanism is installed that does not immediately restart operation, but instead performs dilution operation of the highly concentrated absorbent for 20 minutes before restarting operation. This reduces the risk of crystallization of the absorption liquid and allows operation to be resumed safely. In particular, this device is useful for use in hospitals and other places that have private power generation facilities, and it is also useful for use in hospitals and other places that have private power generation facilities, and that
The practical value of this device is high considering the current electricity situation, which takes only about 10 minutes.

Note that the control mechanism of this machine is not limited to the circuit shown in the figure, and may be one using a microcomputer, for example. In addition, in this machine, when the absorption liquid pump (PA) is operated and dilution operation is performed, the refrigerant liquid pump (P) and the cooling water pump (PC) do not necessarily have to be operated. good. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to a single-effect absorption refrigerator (or absorption heat pump).
Of course, it can be applied to. In addition, a temperature controller (T
The set temperature of HA) can be appropriately selected depending on the location of the temperature sensor (SA).

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, in this type of absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, when there is a power outage during operation and power is transmitted again, the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid flow path from the generator to the absorber is If the concentration of is higher than the predetermined limit and its temperature is lower than the predetermined limit at the same time, the operation will be resumed after the absorption liquid has been diluted. Compared to conventional absorption refrigerators of this type, in which absorption refrigerating machines are operated, there is less risk of crystallization of the absorption liquid, and operation can be resumed much more safely.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of this type of absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of a one-air circuit of a control mechanism provided in this type of absorption refrigerator according to the present invention. FIG. (1)...High temperature generator, (2)...Low temperature generator,
5)...Absorber, (6)...Low temperature solution heat exchanger, (7)...High temperature solution heat exchanger, (B)...
Burner, (at>...operation control panel, (C1)
...Controller, (PA) ...Bonfu for absorption liquid, (SA
)...Temperature sensor, (Sl)...Liquid level sensor,
(IMA)...Temperature controller, (MPA)...Motor coil, (T,), (T,), (T,)...
Timer, (SW)...Switch, (Ro), (
Rt), (Ra), (R4), (Rs)--Relay coil, (S5), (S□), (-ST,)...Timer contact, (St, >, (- s*+>(svt>
, <SaS>, (S. 4), <SaS)--Relay contact piece, (Sst),
(S, r14A)... Contact piece, (E)... Power supply.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) In an absorption refrigerator that uses a salt solution such as an aqueous lithium bromide solution as an absorption liquid, when the operation is stopped due to a power outage and power is transmitted again, the refrigerant in the refrigerant reservoir of the evaporator Absorption refrigeration characterized by being equipped with a control mechanism that resumes operation after diluting the absorption liquid when the liquid amount is above a set value and the temperature of the absorption liquid circulation path is below the set value. Machine. (2) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the absorption liquid circulation path is the temperature of the concentrated liquid flow path. (3) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the concentrated liquid flow path is the temperature of a solution heat exchanger. (4) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the solution heat exchanger is the temperature of a low temperature solution heat exchanger. (5) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the absorption liquid circulation path is the absorption liquid temperature of the generator. (6) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 5, wherein the generator is a low temperature generator. (7) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 5, wherein the generator is a high temperature generator. (8) The absorption refrigerator according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the absorption liquid circulation path is the temperature of the intermediate liquid flow path. The absorption refrigerator according to item 1.