JPS63144789A - Motor controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a motor to be efficiency driven, by arranging a plurality of coils, and by selecting any of the coils. CONSTITUTION:A core is wound up with a first coil R1 and a second coil R2. The first coil R1 has terminals T1 and T2, and the second coil R2 has terminals T3 and T4, respectively. Then, the terminals T2 and T3 are connected to each other, and are treated as a single common terminal T23. In a first state that a switch SW is connected to a contact t1, voltage is fed to the terminals T1 and T4, and in a second state that the switch SW is connected to a contact t2, voltage is fed to the common terminal T23 and the terminal T4. As a result, according to requirement for a motor, the driving state of the motor can be switched.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a DC motor used for winding and rewinding film in a camera, and more particularly to a motor control device for controlling the driving state of the motor.

Conventionally, various DC motors that are driven by being supplied with voltage from a power source battery are known. However, in such a DC motor, if the voltage of the power supply battery decreases, the operation of the mechanism driven by the DC motor may become slow or the mechanism may stop operating.

Therefore, in order to use the driving force of the motor as effectively as possible, for example, in JP-A-60-194433, two types of gear trains are provided as a transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the motor to the drive mechanism. A device has been proposed in which the motor is temporarily reversed when the rotational speed of the motor decreases to switch from the normal large torque gear train to the small torque gear train, so that the drive mechanism can be driven even at low speeds.

However, in such conventional devices, in order to drive the DC motor even at low speeds, two gear trains are required as a transmission mechanism, and one of the two gear trains is selectively used. A switching mechanism is also required to switch between the two positions, which complicates the mechanical configuration, resulting in a disadvantage that the device becomes bulky and expensive.

Therefore, in order to eliminate such drawbacks, the applicant of the present application first filed Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-52299 (filing date: 1982).
(March 10, 2016), proposed a motor that has multiple coils and can switch between multiple driving states.

The present invention relates to an improvement in a motor that can switch between a plurality of drive states, and an object of the present invention is to provide a motor control device that controls such a motor so that it can be driven efficiently.

ljJ, and to achieve the above object, a motor control device according to the present invention includes a motor having a plurality of coils, and a motor control device that controls the first rotation by selecting one of the plurality of coils. a first drive mode having a first torque characteristic at a speed and a second drive mode having a second torque characteristic smaller than the first torque characteristic at a second rotational speed higher than the first rotational speed; The present invention is characterized by comprising a switching means for switching between the two modes, and a selection means for selecting which drive mode the motor is to be driven in.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when high-torque driving force is required even at low speeds, the first driving mode is switched to, and when high-speed and low-torque driving force is required, the first driving mode is switched to the first driving mode. The second drive mode is switched to, and the drive state of the motor can be switched depending on the demand for the motor.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the concept of the present invention. 1st
In the figure, (R1) indicates a first coil wound around an iron core, which will be described later, and (R2) indicates a second coil. The first coil (R1) has a first terminal (TI) and a second terminal (T2), respectively, while the second coil (R2) has a third terminal (T3) and a fourth terminal (T3). terminal (T,)
They each have Here, the second terminal (T2) and the third terminal (T3) are connected to each other and treated as a single common terminal (T23).

(M> indicates the entire motor.

(V) is a DC power supply, one output terminal of which is connected to a fourth terminal (T, ), and the other output terminal connected to a switch (Sw) that is a switching means. The switch (Sue) has a contact (tl) connected to the first terminal (T1) and a contact (tl) connected to the common terminal (T23).
t2). Therefore, in the first state where the switch (t,) is connected to the contact (t,), voltage is supplied to the first terminal (T1> and the fourth terminal (T,), and the switch (Sw) is connected to the contact point (t,). In the second state connected to the contact (t2), the common terminal ('r2a) and the fourth terminal (T,
) is supplied with voltage.

Here, to explain about the DC motor, V = (R
It is known that 2ΦI −To −(2) holds for I + K +ΦN · (1) T=. However, here, ■ is the voltage of the DC power supply (V), T is the torque generated by the motor (M), r is the internal resistance of the DC power supply (V), and R is the internal resistance of the motor (M). Resistance, N is the rotation speed of the motor (M), Φ is the stator magnetic flux, T is the no-load torque, ■ is the current flowing in the motor (M), K and 2 are determined according to the number of turns of the coil It is a constant of proportionality. In addition, no-load torque T. is the torque caused by bearing loss of the motor (M), and therefore ■≠0 even when T=0.

Here, power supply voltage V, internal resistance r of power supply, stator magnetic flux Φ
, and no-load torque T. is constant, and the internal resistances of the first and second coils (R1) and (R2) are respectively R1 and R2. Then, the switch (Sw) in Fig. 1 is the contact (t2
) side, R=R2, and considering the starting torque Tα in this state, N=O, so V = (R4+r) I a - (3
)Tα=(K2)αΦI(2−To =・(4), and therefore, ■Tα−(K2)αΦ・−−T O・(5)R2+r. However, here, ■α, (K2 ) α indicates a value of 2 for the current flowing through the motor (M>) and the proportionality constant when the switch (Sue) is switched to the contact (t2).

Also, considering the rotation speed Nα at T=To, since I=0 at this time, V=(Kl)αΦNα ...(6), and therefore, ■ Nα=□ ...(7) (K , ) αΦ is obtained.

With Tα and Nα determined by equations (5) and (7), the switch (Sw) is connected to the contact point (t2) as shown in FIG.
) can be drawn as a characteristic line (T − N ) α that shows the relationship between torque and rotational speed when the motor is connected to the motor.

Next, consider a state in which the switch (Sw) is switched to be connected to the contact (t, ).

In this case, R=R, +R2, and the starting torque Tβ and rotational speed Nβ of the motor (M) are determined.

Using the same procedure as before and setting N=0, V-(R1+R2+γ)■β...(8)Tβ
-(K2)βΦIβ−To −(9), so ①. However, here, ■β and (K2)β respectively represent a value of 2 for the current flowing through the motor (M) and the proportional constant when the switch (SIll) is switched to the contact (1+).

Here, if the two coils (R1) and (R2) have the same wire diameter, then the proportionality constant and 2 are proportional to their resistance values. Therefore, R2R1+R2+ r (12) is obtained. Also, T=-T. Then, since I=O, it becomes ■. Here, in the proportional constant when the switch (Sue) is connected to the contact (tl), the value (K1) β is also proportional to the number of turns of the coil of the motor (M), so...
14) and ■. Therefore, from equations (5) and (12), it becomes ■, and therefore, Tβ>Tα (17).

Furthermore, from equations (7) and (15), (K1)αΦ R+ + R2 (18) is obtained, and therefore, Nα>Nβ (19).

Here, from equations (16) and (18), as shown in FIG. N) β
can be drawn. Then, the characteristic line (T −N
) α and the characteristic line (T − N ) β intersect with each other.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, R= R2 and R=R, +R2
How to draw the characteristic lines (T-I) α and (T-I) β that indicate the relationship between current and torque in each state of
Since the respective starting torques Tα and Tβ and the current values Iα and ■β at the time of starting are known, their coordinates (T=Tα
, I-Iα) and (T=Tβ, I-Iβ) and the coordinates (T
--T. , N=0) by connecting them with a straight line.

Embodiments of the DC motor according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a main body of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The DC motor of this embodiment is a two-pole three-slot motor, and as shown in FIG.
2), and is surrounded by an upper cover (4) and a lower cover (6). A pair of permanent magnets (
8g) (8b) are fixed by pasting or other means so as to be symmetrical with respect to the motor rotation axis (X). The pair of permanent magnets (8a) (8b) each have a substantially circular arc shape, and are each magnetized in the thickness direction.

Furthermore, (10) is attached to the upper cover (4) as described below.
This is an iron core that is rotatably supported around a motor rotation axis (X) by a lower cover (6) and a lower cover (6). This iron core (10) functions as a rotor of the motor. Iron core (10
) are three arms (10a) (
10b) (10c) and a hole (10d), so that each arm (10a) (10b) (10e) is 120 mm apart from each other.
They are spaced at ° intervals. And each arm (10a) (
10b) and (10c) each have a first coil (R+
a) (R+b) (R+e) and second coil (R2a)
(R2b) and (R2e) are wound in parallel in the radial direction of the motor rotation shaft (X).

On the other hand, the upper cover (4) has a pair of brushes (B + a) (B
, b) are respectively fixed, and a pair of brushes (B2a) (B2b) are respectively fixed to the lower cover (6). Here, in order to attach the brush to the lower cover (6), a pair of grooves (6a) (6b) are provided inside the lower cover (6).
) are formed, and the brushes (B 2a) (B 2b) can be fixed to these grooves (6a) and (6b) by press-fitting or the like, respectively. Also, in order to fix the brushes (B + a) (B + b) to the upper cover (4),
As shown in the front view of the inside of the top cover (4) in FIG.
) are formed, and the brushes (B + a) (B + b) are respectively fixed to these grooves (4a) and (4b) by press-fitting or the like.

Furthermore, (12) is a motor shaft that passes through the hole (10d) of the iron core (10), and this motor shaft (12) passes through the hole (4C) formed in the upper cover (4) and the lower cover (6). ) is rotatably supported by a hole (6C) formed in the hole (6C).

The iron core (10) is integrated with this motor shaft (12).

(14) is the brush (B za) of the lower cover (4) (B
2b), which is integrated with the iron core (10) so as to be able to contact it, and acts as a commutator. A hole (14a) and an insulating part (14b) through which the motor shaft (12) passes are formed in this electrode (14), and furthermore, a hole (14a) and an insulating part (14b) through which the motor shaft (12) passes are formed, and furthermore, a hole part (14a) and an insulating part (14b) are formed on the outermost part of the electrode (14) with respect to the motor rotation axis (X). Three rotationally symmetrical electrode parts (S 2ab) (s 2b
c) (S 2ea) are respectively formed. Furthermore,
(16) is the brush (B l&) (B
, b), which are integrated with the iron core (10) so as to be able to contact them, and also act as a commutator.

This electrode (16) is also formed with a hole (16a) and an insulating part (16b) which are commonly connected to the motor shaft (12), and furthermore, on the outermost periphery thereof, a Three rotationally symmetrical electrode parts (S , ab) (S +
bc) (S, ca) are respectively formed. Here, three electrode parts (S , ab) (S ,
bc) (S +ca) and a pair of brushes (B +a) (
The relationship with B + b) is as shown in Figure 4, and
Three electrode parts (S 2ab) (S 2
be) (S 2ea) and a pair of brushes (B2a) (B
The relationship with 2b) is also similar.

Returning to FIG. 3, (18) and (20) are the electrodes (1
4) A spacer placed between (16) and the iron core (10). These spacers (18) (20)
0) to secure space for winding the coil. Therefore, the motor shaft (12) has electrodes (
14), spacer (18), iron core (10), spacer (
20) and the electrode (16) are each integrated by a press-fitting method, and are therefore configured to rotate together with the motor shaft (12).

A cross-sectional view of this embodiment as seen from the upper cover (4) is shown in FIG. 5, and a vertical cross-sectional view along the YA-B-0-CDY line is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure. Figure 6 is 2- of Figure 4.
It is also a longitudinal cross-sectional view along the 0-2 line. As shown in FIG. 5, the permanent magnets (8a) and (8b) are each magnetized in the radial direction (thickness direction) of the motor rotation shaft (X). Furthermore, a perspective view of the motor body of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7, and as is clear from FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the input lead wires (L + ) (L 2 ) (L 3 )
All three are pulled out from the top cover (4).

Therefore, in order to wire the power input to the pair of brushes (B 2a) (B 2b) attached to the lower cover (6), the cylinder (2) and the iron core (10
) and permanent magnets (8a) (8b), using two dead spaces (D S +) (D S 2),
Lead wires (L2'') and (L,), which will be described later, are passed through them, respectively.

Next, the electrical connection relationship of this embodiment will be explained. Returning to FIG. 3, the first coil (R1 &) (Rlb) (R
+c) are a pair of terminals (1,a
) (11a), (11b) (1,b), (Lc) (&,
c) respectively, while the second coil (R2
a) (R2b) (R2c) are a pair of terminals (12m> (12a), (/2b) (
1'2b), (j!2c) (12c), respectively. Then, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG.
One of the pair of terminals (1+a) (La> of the coil (R+a) is connected to the electrode (Stab), and the other is connected to the electrode (S
lca). Furthermore, the first coil (Rl
The pair of terminals (1, b) (1, b) in b) are connected to one electrode (Stab) and the other to the electrode (S+bc), respectively. Furthermore, one of the pair of terminals (Il+c) (Le) of the first coil (R+c) is connected to the electric current [i(S+bc).
and the other is connected to the electrodes (S, ea), respectively.

On the other hand, a pair of terminals (La) (
1za) has an electrode (S2ab) on one side and an electrode (8
2ca) respectively. Further, one of the pair of terminals (Lb) (Z2b) of the second coil (R2b) is connected to the electrode (S2ab) and the other to (S2bC). A pair of terminals (12c) (12C) of the second coil (R2c), one of which is connected to the electrode (S2b
c) and the other is connected to the electrode (82ca).

Further, the brush (Ba&) fixed to the upper cover (4) is fixed to the lower cover (6) via the lead wire (L2°) passing through the dead space (DS+) described above as shown in FIG. It is electrically connected to the brush (B2b). A brush (Blb) fixed to the long upper cover (4)
) is electrically connected to a lead wire (L, ) extending outside the motor body, while the brush (82a) fixed to the lower cover (6) is connected to the dead space (DS2 ) is electrically connected to a lead wire (L, ) extending to the outside through the lead wire (L, ). And this lead wire (L
1) The tips of (L 2) and (L 3) are =19- terminals (TI>(T23) (T4) shown in Figure 1, respectively).
Applies to.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, the first coil (R+a
) (R+b) (R+c) and the second coil (R2a)
(R2b) (R2 (R2) refers to the iron core (10
) are provided on the three arm portions (10a, 10b, and 10c) of the motor so as to be lined up in the radial direction of the motor rotation axis (X).

The 9th film winding mechanism using such a motor
As shown in the figure.

First, the film winding operation after photographing will be explained with reference to FIG. When the shutter (not shown) runs and the exposure of the film is completed, the exposure completion signal lever (
20) rotates the wind stopper lever (22) counterclockwise, and the engagement between the notch (24a) of the wind stop cam (24) and the protrusion (22a) of the wind stop lever (22) is released. Further, the microswitch (S6) is closed by the counterclockwise rotation of the winding stop lever (22), and the motor (M) is driven counterclockwise (forward rotation direction). Gear 2 coupled to the motor shaft (26) of this motor (M)
O- (28) is meshed with the large gear part (30a) of the reduction gear (30), and the small gear part <30b) that rotates integrally with this large gear part (30a) is connected to this reduction gear (30). ) is engaged with a planetary gear (34) supported by a planetary lever (32) that rotates around the same axis. Here, this planetary gear (34) is the large gear part (36a) of the reduction gear (36).
The large gear portion (36a) does not need to mesh with the large gear portion (36a) immediately after the shutter travels. Then, the rotation of the motor (M) in the counterclockwise direction causes the reduction gear (30
) rotates clockwise, the planetary gear (32) that is frictionally engaged with the upper surface of this reduction gear (30) also rotates clockwise, and the planetary gear (34) becomes the reduction gear (36).
It meshes with the large gear part (36a) of.

The reduction gear (36) includes a gear (38) and a drive gear (40).
) is connected to the sprocket gear (42), and the planetary gear (34), which rotates counterclockwise, connects to the reduction gear (
This sprocket gear (42) is rotated counterclockwise by meshing with the large gear portion (36a) of 36). Here, this sprocket gear (42) is a stop gear (4) that rotates integrally with the stop cam (24).
4), but the notch (
24a) has been released, the rotation of the sprocket gear (42) in the counterclockwise direction causes the stop gear (
44), the spool gear (46) is rotated counterclockwise.

This spool gear (46) is connected to the spool (4F3) via a spool friction spring (46a). The film is wound up by the counterclockwise rotation of this spool (48) and a sprocket (50) connected to a sprocket gear (42).

When winding of one frame of film is completed, the winding stop cam (24) rotates once to wind one frame of film.
The protrusion (22a) of the winding stop lever (22) engages with the notch (24a) of the winding stop lever (22), and the winding stop lever (
22) in the clockwise direction, the micro switch (S6
) is opened and the motor (M) is stopped. This completes the winding of one frame of the film. The exposure completion signal lever (20) is returned to the position before winding one frame in conjunction with charging of a shutter mechanism (not shown) which is charged by a gear connected to a motor (M>).

Next, a film rewinding operation that is performed after all frames of the film have been photographed will be described. When all the film shooting is completed and the film is stopped, the sprocket (50), spool (48), etc. are stopped. When this stopped state continues for a certain period of time or more, an interrupt signal is input to the control device of the motor (M) to stop driving the motor (M) and start rewinding the film. It is configured.

Rewinding of the film is started by pressing the rewind operation lever (52) in the direction of the arrow in the figure. When the rewind operation lever (52) is pressed, the rewind lever (22) is rotated counterclockwise and disengaged from the rewind cam (24). At this time, the microswitch (S,) linked to the operating lever (52) is closed, and the operation of the control device enters the film rewind routine.

When the micro switch (S?) is closed, the motor (M
> is rotated in the rewinding direction (clockwise) opposite to the film winding direction (counterclockwise), and the reduction gear (3
0) rotates counterclockwise and this gear (30)
The planetary lever (32), which rotates around the , also rotates counterclockwise. By rotating the planetary lever (32) in the counterclockwise direction, the rewinding planetary gear (54) pivotally supported by the planetary lever (32) engages with the rewinding gear (56). The rewinding planetary gear (54), which is connected to the rewinding belt pulley (60) via the gear (58) and rotates clockwise, meshes with the rewinding gear (58), thereby causing the belt pulley (60) to rotate clockwise. rotated in the direction.

This belt pulley (60) is connected to a rewind fork (66) via a rewind fork belt pulley (64) by a timing belt (62).
) rotates clockwise, the rewinding fork (66) also rotates clockwise. The rewind fork (66) engages with the rotating shaft of a film cartridge (not shown), rotates the cartridge shaft clockwise, and attempts to wind the film into the cartridge. At this point, press the wind stop lever (22
) and the wind stop cam (24) have already been disengaged, so the sprocket (50
) and the spool (48) are rotatable clockwise,
When the film is wound into the cartridge, it is pulled by the film and rotated clockwise.

' When the rewinding of the film is completed, the completion of rewinding is detected by a film detection switch (not shown), and the driving of the motor (M>) is stopped.

The rewind operation lever (52) is configured to automatically return to its original state when the back cover of the camera (not shown) is opened.

Charging of the shutter mechanism is performed by the mechanism shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the gear (68) is a subrocket gear (50) integrated with the sprocket (50).
42), and a cam (70) is provided on the top surface. When the sprocket (50) is rotated counterclockwise to wind one frame of film, the gear (68) is rotated clockwise together with the cam (70), and the cam (70) is rotated clockwise. The rotation presses the protrusion (72a) fixed to the lever (72),
The lever (72) rotates clockwise (
(in the direction of arrow A). And this lever (
72) in the A direction, the lever (74) is also rotated in the A direction, and a shutter mechanism (not shown) is charged by this lever (74).

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an electric circuit of a camera using the above-mentioned motor for winding and rewinding a film will be described.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of an electric circuit for controlling the camera used in this embodiment. In Figure 11,
(E) is a power supply battery, and (μC) is a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer) that performs sequence control and exposure calculation for the entire camera. Powered by

(LM) is a photometry circuit that measures the brightness of the subject by receiving light transmitted through a photographic lens (not shown); (ISO) is a film sensitivity automatic reading circuit that automatically reads the sensitivity of the film loaded in the camera; AV) is an aperture F value reading circuit that reads the aperture F value of the photographic lens loaded in the camera body, and these circuits (LM) (I 5O) (AV) are as follows:
The respective output information is output to a microcomputer (μC) as digital apex value signals Bvo, Sv, and Avo.

(AE) is an exposure control circuit that controls the operation of the aperture and shutter in accordance with the aperture value signal Av and shutter speed signal Tv from the microcomputer (μC). (BC) is a battery check circuit that checks the power supply voltage when current is passed through a resistor corresponding to the actual load, and the microcomputer (μC) can switch the coil of the motor (M) described above based on this voltage value. Make a judgment as to whether or not. (MC) is a microcomputer (
A motor drive circuit (M D
) is a motor control circuit that generates control signals. These circuits (AE) (BC) (MC) (MD) are supplied with power from a power supply (E) via a power supply transistor (Try). Here, the base of the power supply transistor (Trl) is connected to the output terminal (pure) of the microcomputer (μC) via the inverter (IN,), and
), the circuit (AE) (BC) (MC>(M
The power supply to D> is controlled. Furthermore, (Rr) and (Cr
) are respectively activated by the microcontroller (μ
A resistor and a capacitor provided to create a reset signal input to the input terminal (RE) of C).

Next, I will explain the switches. (S +) is a shooting preparation switch that is turned on by pressing the shirt release button (not shown) up to the first stroke;
, ) is turned on, a signal that changes from r) (J level to rl = J level is input to the interrupt terminal (INT, ) of the microcomputer (μC), and the interrupt routine (■NT
I) is executed. (S2) is a release switch that is turned on when the shirt release button is pressed down to a second stroke, which is longer than the first stroke, and when this release switch (S2) is turned on, an exposure control operation is started. (S4) is a manual selection that is turned on or off depending on the manual selection of either an automatic switching mode that automatically switches the drive speed of the motor (M) or a low speed mode that forcibly sets the drive speed to low speed. This switch (S4) is set to OFF in the automatic switching mode and ON in the low speed mode.

The switch (S5) is a film detection switch, and is located on the film running surface (camera body side) on the side where the film container is inserted.
to detect that the film has come out from the film container. The switch (S8) is an exposure completion switch that is turned on when the exposure operation is completed and the second curtain of the focal plane shutter is completed, and is turned off by a mechanism (not shown) when winding of one frame of the film is completed. . The switch (S6) is a one-frame winding completion detection switch that is turned on when film winding starts and turned off when film winding is completed. The switch (S7) is a rewind switch that is closed in conjunction with the depression of the rewind operation lever (52) that is depressed when rewinding the film.

Next, the operation of the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to flowcharts showing the operation of the microcomputer (μC) shown in FIGS. 12 and subsequent figures. When the battery (E) is installed, the microcomputer (μC)
A reset signal that switches from "L" level to rH level is input to the reset terminal (RE) of the microcomputer (
μC) is the reset routine (RESE) shown in Figure 12.
Execute T). At #1, the microcontroller (μC) initializes its internal flags and registers, which will be described later. At #2, the output terminals (OP+) (OR3) are all set to "L" level, and at #3, the interrupt terminal (IN T+)(I N
Enable interrupts by interrupt signals to T2),
The operation is stopped at #4.

When the shirt release button (not shown) is pressed down to the first stroke in this state, the shooting preparation switch (Sl) is turned on, and a signal changing from the rl (J level to the rlJ level) is generated as an interrupt from the microcomputer (μC). Terminal (INT+
), the microcomputer (μC) executes an interrupt routine (INT+). In this interrupt routine (INT+), first, the microcomputer (μC) #
5 prohibits interruption to this flow, and #6 turns on the power supply transistor (Try) to connect the exposure control circuit (AE) and battery check circuit (B) via the power supply line (vl).
C), motor control circuit <MC> and motor drive circuit (
MD). Then, in #7, it is determined whether or not the photographing preparation switch (Sl) is on, and if it is not on, the power supply transistor (Sl) is determined in #8.
Turn off Try> and proceed to #3.

If the photographing preparation switch (Sl) is on in #7, exposure information is input in #9, and exposure calculation is performed in #10. Flowcharts of subroutines showing detailed operations of #9 and #10 are shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, respectively. First, in the exposure information input subroutine shown in FIG. 13 showing the operation in #9, film sensitivity information Sv is input from the film sensitivity automatic reading circuit 3l- (ISO) in #9-1, and the film sensitivity information Sv is inputted in #9-1.
-2, open F value information A from the open F value reading circuit (AV)
vo is input, and in #9-3, information Bvo regarding the subject brightness measured by receiving the light transmitted through the photographing lens from the photometry circuit (LM) is input.

On the other hand, in the exposure calculation subroutine of FIG. 14 showing the operation in #10, the photographing information Sv, A input in #10-1 is
Find the exposure value Ev from vo and Bvo, and in #10-2,
From now on, based on a predetermined program diagram (not shown),
A control aperture value AV and a control shutter speed Tv are calculated.

Returning to FIG. 12, # shown in FIGS. 13 and 14
9. When the operation in #10 is completed, in #11 it is detected whether the shirt release button has been pressed to the second stroke and the release switch (S2) is turned on, and it is determined whether the shirt release button is not pressed. When the button is pressed, it returns to #7, and when it is pressed, it advances to #12 and performs the exposure control operation. Then, in #13, after this exposure control operation is completed, the second curtain of the shutter runs and once the exposure control operation is completed, the film advances to one frame winding. Before, use #14 to install the motor (M
) is the automatic switching mode or the low speed high torque rotation state. Here, in #14, it is determined whether the low speed high torque rotation state is selected according to the state of the manual selection switch (S,), and when the low speed high torque rotation state is selected, #15 Proceed to , and reset the auto flag (auto F) indicating automatic switching mode. On the other hand, when the low speed high torque rotation state is selected in the automatic switching mode, in #16, a current is passed through the resistance corresponding to the load of the motor (M) and the voltage drop is measured.
A battery check subroutine is executed to determine whether the battery (E) can withstand current consumption when the motor is driven at high speed.

Before explaining the configuration of the battery check circuit that performs this battery check and the flowchart showing the battery check operation, we will briefly explain the mechanism for feeding the film when winding one frame of film, and the relationship between the motor drive speed and battery voltage. Explain the relationship. In Figure 15,
A graph in which the film feeding time is plotted on the horizontal axis and the battery voltage is plotted on the vertical axis will be shown and explained.

First, at the start of film winding, since high torque is required to start winding, voltage is supplied to both the first and second coils in order to obtain low speed, high torque rotation. That is, in the conceptual diagram of Fig. 1, the switch (S
ue) to the contact (t, ). Then, after a predetermined time period I has elapsed, the motor (M) is switched to the high speed rotation side.

That is, the switch (Sw) in FIG. 1 is switched to the contact (t2) side. This time ■ is set so that the output rotation speed of the motor (M) reaches near the point where the two characteristic lines (T-N) α and (T-N) β intersect with each other in Fig. 2. There is. When the rotation is switched to high-speed, low-torque rotation in this way, the motor (M
) is smaller than in the low-speed, high-torque rotation state, so the voltage may be lower than at the start of low-speed, high-torque rotation (especially when the battery capacity is low). Here, when the voltage of the power supply becomes low, the current that can be passed through the coil decreases, and the required torque cannot be obtained.

Therefore, as shown by curve (b) in FIG. 15, even if an attempt is made to wind the film, the film cannot be wound, and it becomes unclear why the rotation of the motor (M) was switched to the high-speed, low-torque rotation side. Therefore, in this example, in order to obtain the current or voltage necessary to obtain the torque required for winding the film, a predetermined voltage level is set as shown by (VR) in FIG. If the power supply voltage when current flows through the resistance equivalent to the load is higher than the set voltage level (VR), the motor (M
) is switched to high-speed, low-torque rotation to increase the film winding speed, and if the open-circuit voltage is lower than the voltage level (VR), as shown by curve (c) in Figure 15. , the film is reliably wound by obtaining high torque while remaining in a low-speed, high-torque rotational state.

Next, FIG. 16 shows the configuration of a battery check circuit (BC) that performs a battery check, and FIG. 17 shows the battery check subroutine of #16 in FIG. 12.

The operation of this battery check subroutine will be explained with reference to the circuit diagram in Fig. 16. First, the microcomputer (μC) outputs a power-on reset signal (POR) that momentarily reaches the rHJ level at #16-1. is output from its output terminal (OR3) to reset the RS flip-flop tube (R8I) shown in FIG. Next, #16-
2, connect the output terminal (OP+) to several m5ec (for example, 2 to
3m5eC) to r')('' level, turn on both transistors (Tr2) (Tr3) shown in Figure 16, and reduce the load on the motor (M) (load on the motor during high-speed driving).
A current is passed through the resistor (R1) corresponding to . And #16
-3, the voltage Va obtained by dividing the voltage when this current flows is the reference voltage Vr + of the predetermined reference power supply (Vr+) (this reference voltage Vrl is the voltage level (VR) in Fig. 23). It is determined whether the voltage is lower than the voltage required for
) outputs a signal that changes to r) (J level and switches on the RS flip-flop (R3,).

This makes the RS flip-flop (RS + ) r
) Outputs IJ level. On the other hand, when the partial voltage Va of the power supply voltage is higher than the reference voltage Vr+, the RS flip-flop (R8,) is not set, so its output is rL
It remains at J level. Therefore, when the output of the RS flip-flop (RS, ) is at the rHJ level, it indicates that the power supply voltage has fallen below a predetermined value, and conversely, when the output is at the rl-J level, the power supply voltage has decreased. This indicates that the voltage is sufficient to drive the motor at high speed.

Therefore, the microcomputer (μC) turns on the transistors (Tr2) (Tr3) for several m5ec at #16-2, and then checks the output of the RS flip-flop (R8,) at #16-3 to check the battery. When it is determined that the voltage is sufficient based on the result, that is, when the output of the RS flip-flop is at rl-J level, the auto flag (auto F) indicating automatic switching mode is set in #16-4. 1", and when it is determined that the voltage is not sufficient, that is, when the output of the RS flip-flop (R8+) is at the "H" level, #16
-5 resets this auto flag (auto F) to "0" and returns.

Returning to Fig. 12, after selecting the driving speed of the motor (M) in this way, in #17 the microcomputer (μC)
controls the film winding operation. The subroutine showing this film winding operation is shown in FIG. 18 and will be explained. First, in #17-1, the microcomputer (μC) executes an interrupt routine (IN, T) when the shooting preparation switch (Sl) is turned on.
, ) are prohibited, a timer interrupt described later is enabled in #17-2, and a timer I described later is reset and started in #17-3. This timer interrupt is used to switch to the rewind operation when the number of films that can be taken has been taken and the film cannot be wound any more. This timer I is a hard timer provided inside a microcomputer (μC).

Here, Table 1 shows the 3-bit signals (b2, b,
, bo) and 6-bit control signals (a, b, e, d, e, f) output from the motor control circuit (MC) to the motor drive circuit (M D ).

(Left below) 139 = Table 1 In Table 1, "L" is "L" level, r) (J is r
HJ level and "O" each indicate open.

Then, at #17-4 in FIG. 18, the film winding operation is started, but at the beginning of the winding operation,
In order to rotate the motor (M) at low speed and high torque,
The microcomputer (μC) outputs a 3-bit signal (1,0°0) shown in Table 1 to the motor control circuit (MC). Then, the motor control circuit (MC) to which this signal is input,
Control signals (a, b.

output (L, O, O, H, O, O) to the motor drive circuit (M D ) as c, d, e, f).

Here, the motor control circuit (MC) and motor drive circuit (MD> will be explained next.The microcomputer (μC) is
Depending on the drive to be controlled of the motor (M), 3 bits of 6
The type of signal is sent to the motor control circuit (MC).

This is shown in Table 1. In other words, if it is a low speed forward rotation (
b2. Output b,,b,)=(1,O,O). The motor control circuit (MC) that receives this input decodes the input signal and outputs the control signal (a, b, e, d
, e.

f), (L, O, O, H, O, O) is output to the motor drive circuit (MD).

The motor drive circuit (MD) has a configuration as shown in FIG. 19, and during forward rotation at low speed and high torque, both transistors (Tr4) and (Tr7) are turned on.
The other transistors are off, and the current flows from the transistor (Tr<) to the motor (M) (in the direction of (A))
→Transistor (Try) and the motor (M) rotates forward at low speed and high torque. Similarly, in reverse rotation at low speed and high torque, (b2.bl, b,) = (1
, 0, 1), (a, b, c, d, e, f) = (0, H,
L, O, O.

O), and the current changes from transistor (Tri) to motor (
The flow is M) (direction (b)) → transistor (Trs), and the motor (M) is reversely rotated at low speed and high torque.

In the case of forward rotation at high speed and low torque, (b2.b,,b
o) = (0, 1, 0), (a, b, e, d, e, f) -
(0,0,0,H,L.

O), and the direction of the current is transistor (Tra) →
The motor (M) becomes the transistor (Tr7), and the motor (M) is rotated forward at high speed and low torque. Here, in FIG. 19, the signal line coming out from the center of the motor (M) indicates that it comes out from the intermediate tap. In the case of reverse rotation at high speed and low torque, (b2.bl, bo
) = (0, 1, 1>, (a, b, c, d, e, f) =
(0.

H, 0, 0, L, O), and the direction of the current is transistor (Trg) → motor (M) - transistor (Tr
s).

The motor is stopped by an NPN transistor (Trs) regardless of whether it is running at low or high speed or in forward or reverse rotation.
y) Turn on all (Trs) to short-circuit the entire motor (M). The reason for this is that in the case of low-speed, high-torque rotation, all two coils are used, so naturally these two coils must be short-circuited, whereas in the case of high-speed, low-torque rotation, the two coils are used. Since only one of the coils is used, there is a thought that it would be sufficient to short-circuit only this, but since both coils are wound around a coaxial iron core, the other coil is also connected in the same way as the current-carrying coil. rotates around an iron core. The coil then generates an electromotive force. This can be roughly explained with reference to Figure 1.
Assume that the switch (Sa+) in FIG. 1 is now switched to the contact (t2) side. As mentioned above, the coil (R
+) (R2) are both rotating, so a predetermined electromotive force (energy) is generated respectively. Even if power supply to the motor (M) is stopped while this coil is rotating, the motor (M) will continue to rotate due to inertia. At this time, if only the coil (R2) side is short-circuited, electromagnetic braking will be applied only on the coil (R2) side, and inertial energy will be consumed and the rotation will try to stop, but the energy generated on the coil (R+) side will be electromagnetic. It does not contribute to braking and the braking force is insufficient. Therefore, the coil (R2
Even if only the ) side is short-circuited, the rotation of the motor (M) will not efficiently stop rapidly. Needless to say, this principle remains the same even if the rotation direction is different.

For this reason, the entire coil is short-circuited when stopping the rotation of the motor (M>) regardless of the rotational direction and rotational speed.As a modification of this, the transistor (Trs) (T
A similar effect can be achieved by turning on only rr) (as shown in the bottom row of Table 1).

Returning to the winding subroutine shown in Figure 18, the microcomputer (μC
) outputs a control signal for forward rotation in a low-speed, high-torque state at #17-4, and then sets the auto flag (auto F) at #17-5.
is set to "1", and if it is set, after counting the predetermined time (I, ) in #17-6, the forward rotation in high-speed, low-torque state is determined in #17-7. Outputs a signal to switch to On the other hand, if the auto flag (auto F) is not set here, the motor (M) is driven in a low speed, high torque rotation state. Then, wait for the switch (S6) that indicates the end of winding one frame of film to be turned off at #17-8, and when this switch (S6) is turned off, the motor (M) is stopped at #17-9. control.

Next, the subroutine in FIG. 20 showing the detailed operation of the motor stop step of #17-9 in FIG. 18 will be explained.
The microcomputer (μC) outputs a motor stop signal at ■, waits for the time required for the rotation of the motor (M) to completely stop at ■, and outputs a signal to turn off the motor (M) at ■. (Signal to turn off transistors (Trd~(Trs))
Output. Then, press ■ to stop timer ■, press ■ to disable timer interrupts, and return.

Further, returning to FIG. 12, when winding of the film is completed at #17, the process returns to #7, and the same operation is repeated thereafter.

Next, a description will be given of a timer interrupt for rewinding when the number of films that can be photographed ends and the film can no longer be wound during the film winding operation described above. As mentioned above, when a predetermined period of time (for example, 1.5 seconds) has elapsed since the start of timer 2 at the start of film winding, the microcomputer (μC) executes the timer interrupt routine shown in FIG. 21 to rewind the film. Execute. First, in this routine, other interrupts (INTI) (INT2) are prohibited in #100, and
At step 1, the motor stop subroutine shown in FIG. 20 is executed.

This subroutine for stopping the motor has been explained previously, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, wait for the rewind switch (S, ) to be turned on in #102, and if it is turned on, switch (S , ) is turned on. If the low speed high torque rotation state is selected and the switch (S, ) is turned on, the auto flag (auto F) is set in #104.
0°', and if the switch (S4) is not turned on, proceed to the battery check subroutine in #105 to determine whether the voltage can be automatically switched, and the selected motor in #106. A motor control subroutine (motor control ■) during film rewinding is performed according to the speed control state of the motor.

This motor control subroutine is shown in Fig. 22 and explained. First, in #200, the microcomputer (μC) outputs a signal indicating reverse rotation in a low-speed, high-torque state, and in #201, the auto flag (auto F) is set to 1". It is determined whether or not the auto flag (auto F) is set. If the auto flag (auto F) is not set, the process proceeds to #204; if it is set, the process proceeds to #202 and a predetermined time (I,) is counted. At #203, the motor (M
) and proceed to #204. In #204,
The film detection switch (S5) determines whether or not the film is completely stored in the film cartridge and rewinding is completed. If the film is not stored in the container, it waits for that, and if it is stored, the process returns to step #205. Control is performed to stop the motor, and the process returns to step #7 (S, ON) in FIG. 12.

Furthermore, if the film is not rewound directly related to photographing, there is no need to perform it in a high-speed, low-torque rotation state. If these operations are performed at low speed and high torque, the following advantages can be obtained.

(a) Current consumption is small.

(b) The sound is quieter than when the speed is high.

Since the configuration for implementing this only requires eliminating the step for switching the rotational speed in the control routine of each motor, a detailed explanation will be omitted.

Furthermore, in the configurations shown in FIGS. 12 to 22, the motor (M
) When switching the drive speed from a low-speed, high-torque rotation state to a high-speed, low-torque rotation state, and when switching from a high-speed, low-torque rotation state to a low-speed, high-torque rotation state, this was done after a predetermined period of time had elapsed. In this case, since there is no parameter for the capacity of the power source battery, the optimum timing for speed switching for the capacity of the battery cannot be determined for any given battery. Therefore, in the following modified example,
Switching from a low-speed, high-torque rotation state to a high-speed, low-torque rotation state is performed by monitoring the voltage of the battery that returns after starting low-speed, high-torque rotation. However, in this modification, the hoisting efficiency is poor due to excessive hoisting time in the following cases, so the structure is such that the hoist is first switched to the high-speed, low-torque rotation state and then switched to the low-speed, high-torque rotation state. ing.

(a) When the voltage at the moment of switching to the high-speed, low-torque rotation state is lower than the predetermined voltage.

(b) If the voltage at the moment of switching to high-speed, low-torque rotation is higher than the predetermined voltage (V2), but does not return to the predetermined voltage (■,) within a certain period of time (however, this
2) may become unnecessary depending on the predetermined level.

) Here, V+>V2.

In addition, if the torque suddenly increases, high-speed, low-torque rotation with a low-capacity battery is inefficient. and configured to switch to a state.

The above explanation is summarized in the 23rd section, where the horizontal axis is the time during film winding, the vertical axis is the voltage, and the battery capacity is shown as a parameter.
Do this referring to the diagram. In FIG. 23, it is assumed that the battery capacities for the respective curves (A), (B), (C), and (D) are (A)>(B)>(C)>(D). Now, when considering how to set the torque of the actual motor (M) to the optimal point for switching from a low speed high torque state to a high speed low torque state,
It is known that the time it takes to reach the required torque varies depending on the capacity of the battery (the current it can draw). Conversely, if you know the capacity of the battery, you can know how long it will take to reach the required torque. The capacity of this battery can be determined by detecting the time it takes for the voltage to return to a predetermined level after applying current to the motor (M), and by changing this predetermined voltage, the time for each battery capacity can be changed. can be done. Therefore, if the predetermined voltage for each capacity is determined so that the time it takes for each capacity battery to return to the predetermined voltage and the time it takes to reach the required torque match, it is possible to The optimum point for speed switching can be obtained with respect to changes in capacity. However, since the individual predetermined voltages vary more or less depending on the capacity of the battery, the optimum speed switching point can be obtained in most cases by averaging the voltages. In Figure 23, the voltage is ■1
It can be seen that the switching time varies for each capacity of the battery (indicating that the required torque is approximately constant). In this way, when the driving speed of the motor (M>) is switched from low speed to high speed, the battery voltage will rise to the voltage level V2 for a battery with no capacity such as the curve (D> in FIG. 23).
The torque becomes too low and it takes longer to wind the film than without switching the motor drive speed. Therefore, at this time, the high speed, low torque rotation state is immediately switched to the low speed, high torque rotation state.

=51- Also, in a case like curve (C) in Fig. 23, that is, when the power supply voltage does not return to the predetermined voltage within a predetermined time after switching the motor drive speed, the motor drive speed should be changed. Since it takes more time than when not switching, the high-speed, low-torque rotation state is switched to the low-speed, high-torque rotation state after a predetermined period of time has passed.6Furthermore, as mentioned above, if the torque suddenly increases, for example, the rotation of the motor There are some parts of the shutter mechanism that require large torque, and when this mechanism starts charging, the torque increases rapidly, and the necessary torque cannot be obtained in high-speed, low-torque rotation conditions. Since the shutter mechanism cannot be charged with a large capacity battery, it is necessary to obtain high torque by changing to a low speed, high torque rotation state. In this modification, this is viewed as a voltage drop. Furthermore, since the battery voltage is constantly detected during film winding, a battery check circuit is not required in this modification. A circuit necessary for implementing this modification is shown in FIG. 24 and will be described.

=52- In Fig. 24, the comparator (COM P5) (
COM P5) (COM P?) are the reference voltages V'+, V'3, V'2 (
Figure 23 (') V + , V 3. V2) and the partial voltage of the power supply voltage.
6 (DFF), which outputs "L" level when the reference voltage is higher, is a D-flip-flop, and the microcomputer (
The comparator (COM
Latch the output of P, ). In addition, microcomputer (μC)
, new terminals for inputting these signals and terminals for outputting the signals are required.

In this modification, a modification of the winding subroutine for controlling the film winding operation shown in FIG. 18 is shown in FIG. 25 and will be described. In FIG. 25, the microcomputer (μC) first enables a timer interrupt at #500, and resets and starts the timer at #501. Next, at #502, an auto flag (
The state of auto F) is determined, and if this flag is not set, the process proceeds to #512 where the motor is controlled to forward rotation in a low speed, high torque state and waits for film winding to be completed.

On the other hand, when the auto flag (auto F) is set in #502, the process proceeds to #503 and the motor (M) is controlled to forward rotation at low speed and high torque. And #504
Then, it is determined whether or not the output of the comparator (COM P s> is "H" level and the power supply voltage has become higher than the predetermined voltage ■1. If it has become higher, the process proceeds to #506. The power supply voltage is the predetermined voltage ■ , if it is not higher than #5
05, it is determined whether or not film winding has been completed, and if film winding has not been completed, #5
Return to #04 and #51 if film winding is complete.
Step 4 advances to a subroutine for stopping the motor, where control for stopping the motor is performed.

At #506, the high speed, low torque state is switched to forward rotation, and at #507, the latch signal is set to D in order to latch a signal indicating whether or not the power supply voltage at this time is lower than the voltage V2 shown in FIG. - Output to flip-flop (DFF). Then, in #508, this D-flip-flop (DF
The output of F) is input and it is determined whether this signal is at the "H" level or not. If it is at the "L" level, the process proceeds to #512 and the low speed, high torque rotation is started again considering the efficiency of the motor. On the other hand, if the latched signal is r) (J level, proceed to #509,
From the output of the comparator (COM P s), it is determined whether the power supply voltage has become higher than the reference voltage ■1 within a certain period of time shown in Fig. 23, and if it has not become higher, the battery capacity is low. It is determined that high-speed, low-torque rotation is inappropriate, and the process proceeds through #510 and #511 to #512, where it is switched to normal rotation in a low-speed, high-torque state.

On the other hand, if the power supply voltage becomes higher than the reference voltage v1 within a certain period of time (I2) in #509, the process advances to #515;
Next, it is determined whether the power supply voltage is higher than the reference voltage V, and if it is, the process proceeds to #516 and winds the film until it is completed. When the film winding is completed, the motor is stopped in #514. Proceed to a motor stop subroutine for control. Here, if the load required to charge the release mechanism becomes large and the power supply voltage falls below the reference voltage V, then #515 to #512
Then, switch to forward rotation at low speed and high torque.

Then, the process waits for the film winding to be completed in #513, and when the film winding is completed, the motor is controlled to stop in #514, and the process returns. In this modification, the reference voltage when switching from the low-speed, high-torque rotation state to the high-speed, low-torque rotation state and the reference voltage for determining whether switching to the high-speed, low-torque rotation state is appropriate are set to the same voltage V1. However,
Different voltages may be set as required.

Furthermore, the following modified example is a modified example of FIG. 24 and FIG. 25, and the points different from the modified example of FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 are as follows.
When detecting whether it is necessary to switch again to the low speed, high torque rotation state after switching from the low speed, high torque rotation state to the high speed, low torque rotation state, it is necessary to switch to the high speed, low torque rotation state without constantly detecting the power supply voltage. It is configured to detect only a certain period of time after switching, and to check only the power supply voltage at this time. This circuit is shown in FIG.

Comparing the circuit shown in Figure 26 with the circuit shown in Figure 24,
The rest is the same except that the comparator (COMP?) and the D-flip-flop (DFF) are omitted. A modified example of the flowchart of the microcomputer (μC) that controls this is shown in FIG. In the flowchart of FIG. 27, #507 and #508 of the flowchart of FIG.
step #507° for counting a certain period of time (I2), respectively, and determination step #507 for determining whether the output of the comparator (COM P s) is at the r HJ level.
Instead of 508', when the output of the comparator (COMP5) is at the "H" level, the process proceeds to #515, and when it is at the rl-J level, the process proceeds to #512. Unfortunately, #509 to #511 in Figure 25 are omitted.

Other operations are the same as in the flowchart of FIG. 25.

Although the two modified examples shown in FIGS. 24 to 27 utilize switching of the motor drive speed only for film winding, it goes without saying that this may also be used for initial winding and rewinding of the film. stomach.

In the following modification, the motor speed is switched from a low speed high torque rotation state to a high speed low torque rotation state or from a high speed low torque rotation state to a low speed rotation state when the motor speed is monitored and the optimum switching speed is reached. This is an example of switching to a high torque rotation state.

In the modification shown in FIG. 28, an encoder plate (80) is attached to the motor shaft (26) of the motor (M) used in the film winding/rewinding mechanism shown in FIG. A reflective photocoupler (82) is arranged at a position opposite to (80). This encoder plate (80) is provided with a pattern in which reflective portions (80a) and non-reflective portions (80b) are alternately formed, and the reflected light from the pattern is transferred to a photocoupler (80).
2), and the output signal of the photocoupler (82) is sent to a microcomputer (μC) to monitor the rotational speed of the motor (M).

FIG. 29 shows a circuit for detecting the rotational speed of the motor (M) in this modification. In Fig. 29, the difference from Fig. 11 is that the battery check circuit (B
The only difference is that C) is replaced by a photocoupler circuit (PCL). However, in the microcomputer (μC), the photo I coupler circuit (PCL) executes a predetermined interrupt routine based on a signal when it receives the reflected light from the reflective part (80a) of the pattern of the encoder board (80). has been changed.

In the flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer (μC), the winding subroutine shown in FIG. 18 and the motor control subroutine for rewinding shown in FIG. 22 are changed, and the above-mentioned interrupt routine is newly provided. Further, step #16 in FIG. 12 is omitted, and a step of setting an auto flag (auto F) is provided instead.

First, FIG. 30 shows the winding subroutine of this modification. In FIG. 30, first, in step 517-1 (hereinafter steps are omitted), the microcomputer (μC) prohibits interrupts from its interrupt terminal (INT, ), and in step S17-2
S17-3 enables a timer interrupt to detect film tension, S17-3 resets and starts this timer, and S517-4 controls the motor (M) to rotate forward at low speed and high torque. Output data. Here, J is exactly the same as #17-1 to #17-4 in FIG.

Next, 517-5 determines whether or not an auto flag (auto F) for automatically switching the motor rotation speed is set, and if it is set, 517-6 changes the motor rotation speed. 1 of the timer (timer ■) when detecting
Set the flag (FISF) to ignore the second reading, and use the photocoupler circuit (PCL) at 517-7.
A signal for turning on a light emitting diode (LED) is output to a photocoupler circuit (PCL). The photo coupler circuit (PCL) lights up the light emitting diode (LED) of the photo coupler when this signal is received. Then, the microcomputer (μC) enables counter interrupt in S17-8.

Here, in the photocoupler circuit (PCL), when the light emitted from the light emitting diode (LED) and reflected by the reflection part (80a) of the encoder plate (80) enters the light receiving element of the photocoupler, it changes from the rHJ level to the rlJ level. Outputs a signal that changes to a level to a microcomputer (μC). In microcontrollers (μC), this photocoupler circuit (P
When receiving a signal that changes from rl (J level to rl-J level) of CL), a counter interrupt (described later) occurs and the rotation speed of the motor (M>) is detected. Photocoupler circuit (
PCL) outputs an "H" level signal when the amount of light incident on the light receiving element becomes less than a predetermined value. Therefore, when the light emitted from the light emitting diode of the photocoupler moves from the non-reflective part (80b) to the reflective part (80a) of the encoder plate (80), a counter interrupt is always executed, and the number of rotations of the motor (M) ( rotation speed) is detected.

Next, the microcomputer (μC) uses S17-9 to
Wait until the piece winding is completed and the switch (S6) is turned on. In addition, in 517-5, if the auto flag (auto F) for automatically switching the rotation speed of the motor (M) is not set, S17-6 to 5
Skip 17-8 and proceed to 517-9.

When the completion of film winding is detected at 517-9,
517-10 stops the timer ■, which will be described later, which is used for motor speed detection at the time of counter interrupt, and 517-1
1 disables counter interrupts. And 517-1
2 is the photocoupler circuit (PCL) light emitting diode (
LED) is turned off, the program proceeds to the motor stop subroutine shown in FIG. 20 at 517-13, performs predetermined processing, and returns to the original flow.

Next, the operation of counter interrupt by a signal from the photocoupler circuit (PCL) will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 31. Here, the motor (M
) is detected by reading the time it takes for the motor (M> to rotate through a certain angle).

First, the microcomputer (μC) executes a timer reading subroutine to be described later in #600.

This timer reading subroutine is shown in Figure 32. First, in #600-1, the microcontroller (μC) determines whether or not the flag (FISF) for ignoring the first timer reading is set. Flag (FISF)
is set, #600-2 sets the timer register (
T2) is set to a predetermined value (TA). Here, TA>
TKl, which prohibits the rotation speed of the motor (M>) from being switched from a low speed, high torque rotation state to a high speed, low torque rotation state.This is because the encoder plate (80) is Since the initial position is not constant, the angle (distance) rotated when the timer is read the first time does not correspond to one cycle.In this way, the rotation of the motor (M) is determined from the timer read the first time. This is because if the speed is determined, it will be different from the actual rotation speed of the motor (M>. Therefore, if a rotation speed different from the actual rotation speed can be detected, the detected rotation speed will be different from the actual rotation speed of the motor (M>). This step is provided to prevent erroneous switching from a high speed, low torque rotation state to a low speed, high l-lux rotation state due to speed.

Then, set the above flag (FISF) in #600-3.
o" and returns to the original flow shown in Figure 31. On the other hand, if the flag (FISF) is not set in #600-1, it is started by the previous counter interrupt in #600-4. The count value of the timer (2) is stored in the timer register (T2), and the process returns to the original flow shown in FIG.

Returning to FIG. 31, in #601, the timer (timer ■) for detecting the rotational speed of the motor (M) is reset and started, and in #602, it is controlled to rotate at high speed and low torque. It is determined whether or not the flag (HiF) is set. Here, if this flag (HiF) is not set, that is, if it is in a low-speed, high-torque rotation state, the time (T2) of the interval at which the counter interrupt is performed, which is read by proceeding to #603, is less than or equal to the predetermined time (TKI). It is determined whether or not.

Here, the read time (T2) is the predetermined time (TKI
), the rotational speed of the motor (M>) is equal to or higher than the specified speed (=64- or higher than the rotational speed at the intersection of the straight line (T - N ) α and the straight line (T - N ) β shown in Figure 2). The control state of the motor (M) is switched to the high-speed, low-torque rotation state.Specifically, first, in #604, the flag (HiF) indicating the high-speed, low-torque rotation state is set to °1''. Next, in order to determine the rotation direction of the motor (M>), it is determined in #605 whether the rewind flag (rewind F) indicating the film rewind state is set, and this rewind If the flag is set, proceed to #606 and rotate the motor (M) in reverse at high speed; if the rewind flag is not set, proceed to #607 and rotate the motor (M) forward at high speed. , return to the original flow.

On the other hand, if the time (T2) read in #603 exceeds the predetermined time (TKI), high-speed control is possible without switching the rotational speed of the motor (M), so do not switch the speed. Return to the original flow without doing anything.

If the flag (Hid) is set in #602 and the engine is already in a high-speed, low-torque rotation state, the process advances to #608 and it is determined whether the read time (T2) is less than or equal to a predetermined time (TKI). If the read time (T2) is less than the predetermined time (TKI), high-speed control is possible if the high-speed, low-torque rotation state is maintained, so the original state can be restored without changing the speed. Return to the flow.

On the other hand, if the read time (T2) exceeds the predetermined time (TKI), the low speed, high torque rotation state allows higher speed control, so it is switched to the low speed, high torque rotation state. First, in #609, the rewind flag (rewind F) is set to “
``1'' is set. If it is set, the motor (M) is rotated in the reverse direction at low speed and high torque in #610 to rewind the film, and if it is not set, the motor (M) is rotated in the reverse direction in #611. Then, to wind up the film, the motor (M) is rotated forward at low speed and high torque to return to the original flow.

Next, the operation of the microcomputer (μC) when rewinding the film will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, when the timer (timer I) that counts time during film winding has counted a predetermined time, the third
The timer interrupt subroutine shown in Figure 3 is implemented by a microcontroller (μ
C) is executed. The microcomputer (, czC) disables interrupts from the interrupt terminal (INT, ) and count interrupts at #7oo, and stops the counter interrupt timer (2) at #701. Then, in #7o2, the microcomputer (μC) executes the motor stop subroutine shown in FIG. 20, and waits for the switch (s7) to be turned on to start film rewinding in #703. When the film rewinding is completed and the switch (S, ) is turned on, it is determined in #7o4 whether the low speed high torque rotation state has been selected or not, and it is determined whether the low speed high torque rotation state has already been selected. If so, set auto flag (o) F) with #7o5.
“If low speed high torque rotation state is not selected, set auto flag (auto F) with #7o6” 1
” and proceed to #707. Then, #7o7
A control signal is output to the motor control circuit (MC) for causing the motor (M) to rotate in the reverse direction (rotation in the rewinding direction) at low speed and high speed.

Next, in #708, the auto flag (auto F) is set to °'1'.
' is set or not, and if it is not set, jumps to #713. If the auto flag (auto F) is set to 1” in #708, #70
Proceed to step 9 and set the flag (FISF) for ignoring the first time reading of the timer to "1", and set the rewind flag (rewind F) to "1'" in #710. Then, in #711 In step #712, a signal is output to turn on the light emitting diode (L ED ) of the photocoupler circuit (PCL), causing the light emitting diode (L ED ) to emit light, and in step #712, a counter interrupt is enabled.

Then, in #713, the microcomputer (μC) waits until the film rewind operation is completed and the film runs out.
When the rewinding operation is completed and there is no film left, #714
The program proceeds to step #715, resets the rewind flag (rewind F) to °'0, and stops the count of the timer (2) in step #715.

Next, disable counter interrupts in #716, and #71
7 is the photocoupler circuit (PCL) light emitting diode (
A signal is output to turn off the LED (LED) to extinguish the smoke, and in step #718, the motor stop subroutine shown in FIG. 20 is executed, and then the process returns to #7 in FIG. 12.

Here, in this modification, a reflective encoder plate and a photocoupler were used to detect the rotational speed of the motor (M), but a conductive code pattern was used instead of this encoder plate, and Instead of a photocoupler, a switch consisting of a contact piece that slides on the code pattern may be used.

A modified example configured in this way is shown in FIG. 34.

In FIG. 34, (84) is a pattern plate on which two conductive code patterns in which conductive parts (84a) and non-conductive parts (84b) are alternately arranged are formed in a concentric manner,
This pattern plate (84) is the motor shaft (2) of the motor (M).
6) is fixed. (86) is a contact piece that slides on each of the code patterns. FIG. 35 shows an equivalent circuit of a detection device configured as described above for detecting the rotational speed of the motor (M). As is clear from Fig. 35, the input terminal (IP6) of the microcomputer (μC) receives a signal that changes from the rH level to the rlJ level every time both contact pieces come into contact with the conductive part (84a) of the code pattern. is input. Therefore, the microcomputer (μC) can use this signal instead of the signal from the photocoupler circuit (PCL).

In this way, by detecting the rotational speed of the motor (M) and continuously and automatically switching between the high-speed, low-torque rotation state and the low-speed, high-torque rotation state, it is possible to wind up and rewind the film. It is possible to perform high-speed operation even when there are torque fluctuations when charging the shutter, and even when the capacity of the power supply battery is low, by selecting a low-speed, high-torque rotation state that consumes less current, the film can be You can increase the number of times you can wind/rewind and charge the shutter.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which a motor (M) is arranged in a spool chamber for use in film winding, and the motor barrel is rotated together with the spool.

Fig. 37 is a cross-sectional view of the spool integrated with this motor cylinder (Q-Q cross-sectional view in Fig. 39), Fig. 38 is a bottom view of this spool, and Fig. 39 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-Q in Fig. 37. 40 is a vertical sectional view taken along line FP'-F in FIG. 37, and FIG. 41 is a partially exploded perspective view of the spool as viewed from the bottom side.

In FIG. 36, the motor shaft (26) is slid on a conductive pattern (88), which will be described later, formed on the bottom surface of a spool (48) that is integrated with the outer cylinder of the motor (M).
Three contact pieces (86a) (86b) concentrically centered on
) (86c) is arranged on the fixed part.

As shown in FIG. 41, an electrical board (90) is provided on the holder (92) constituting the lower surface of the motor (M), and the upper surface of this electrical board (90) has three concentric conductive Code patterns (88a), (88b), and (88e) are formed. And this conductive cord pattern (
Three contact pieces (86a) (86b) (86c) are slidable on each of the conductive cord patterns (88a) (88b) (88c), respectively.
Electric power is supplied to the motor (M) via the motor (M). As shown in FIG. 38, which is a front view (i.e., bottom view of the spool) of this electrical board (90), there are three conductive cord patterns (88a), (88b), and (88c).
through holes (88a+) (88b+>(
88e+) is provided.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 41, the holder (92) has three
Two through holes (92a) (92b) (92c) are formed respectively, and each through hole (92a) (92b) (92e)
A metal shaft (94aH94b) (94e) is fitted into each.

And conductive code patterns (88a) (88b) (
88c) through hole (88a+) (88b1) (8
conductive code pattern (88a) (8c+) via conductive code pattern (88a) (8c+)
8b) (88c) and conductive code patterns (96a) (96b) (96c) provided on the back side of the electrical board (90).
) [Only the conductive/Z- conductive code pattern (96c) is shown in FIG. 39] are electrically connected. Here, FIGS. 39 and 40
As shown in the figure, the conductive code pattern (9
6a) (96b)<96c) have metal shafts (94
a) The heads of (94b) (94c) are soldered, and in this way the contact pieces (86a) (86b) (86c
) The power supplied from the metal shafts (94a) (94b) (
94c) respectively.

(98) indicates a commutator of the motor (M), which consists of an upper part (98a) and a lower part (98b) that rotate integrally.

A pair of brushes (100a) and (100b) are fixed to the holder (92) so as to contact the upper part (98a) and the lower part (98b) of the rotating commutator (98), respectively. Each brush (100a) (100b) has a contact piece (100a+) that contacts the upper part (98a) of the commutator (98).
> (100b+) and the contact piece (1
00az) (100b2). Furthermore, the legs of metal shafts (94a) and (94b) are soldered to the brush (100a), and the metal shaft (94c) is soldered to the brush (100b). Therefore, power is supplied to the commutator (98) of the motor (M) via the brushes (100a) (100b).

Further, the motor used in the present invention may have a configuration in which a brush and a commutator are arranged on both sides of the motor in the axial direction, and in such a case, two brushes and a commutator are arranged on both sides of the motor in the axial direction.
Electrical boards each having a concentric pattern may be arranged.

Further, in the above embodiment, the brushes (100a) and (100b) corresponding to the intermediate taps are integrally constructed, but they are constructed as separate bodies, and instead, a quadruple concentric circular pattern is provided on the board. It may be configured as follows.

Light 1 and the Coil - As detailed above, the motor control device according to the present invention has a motor having a plurality of coils, and a first rotation speed at a first rotation speed depending on which of the plurality of coils is selected. switching between a first drive mode having a torque characteristic of and a second drive mode having a second torque characteristic smaller than the first torque characteristic at a second rotation speed faster than the first rotation speed and a selection means for selecting which drive mode to drive the motor, and by configuring it in this way, a low-speed, high-torque driving force is required. The drive mode is switched to the first drive mode when high-speed, low-torque drive force is required, and the drive state of the motor is switched depending on the demand for the motor. Since it is possible to do so, the special application
The motor proposed in No. 52299 can be efficiently driven.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the concept of the motor used in the present invention, Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the torque generated by the motor, its rotation speed, and current, and Fig. 3 is a direct current diagram of the embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a front view of the upper cover, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the motor, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the film winding/rewinding mechanism of a camera using this motor. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the shutter charging mechanism. The figure is a block diagram showing the electrical circuit of a camera that uses the DC motor to wind and rewind the film, Nos. 12, 13, 14,
Figures 17, 18, 20, and 21 and 22 are flowcharts showing their operations, Figure 15 is a graph showing the relationship between motor startup time and power supply voltage, and Figure 16 is a circuit showing the configuration of the battery check circuit. Fig. 19 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the motor drive circuit, Fig. 23 is a graph showing the relationship between motor starting time and power supply voltage in a modified example, and Fig. 24 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit in a modified example. , Fig. 25 is a flowchart showing its operation, Fig. 26 is a circuit diagram showing another modification, Fig. 27 is a flowchart showing its operation, and Fig. 28 is a film winding/winding diagram of a camera using this motor. Perspective view showing another embodiment of the return mechanism, No. 29
Figure 30 is a block diagram showing the electrical circuit of a camera that uses the DC motor for winding and rewinding the film.
31.32.33 is a flowchart showing the operation,
FIG. 34 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the film winding/rewinding mechanism of a camera using this motor;
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the rotational speed detection device of the motor, Fig. 36 is a perspective view showing yet another embodiment of the film winding/rewinding mechanism of a camera using this motor, and Fig. 37 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the rotational speed detection device of the motor. A cross-sectional view of the motor, FIG. 38 is a bottom view thereof, FIG. 39 is a longitudinal sectional view along E-P-E in FIG. 37, and FIG. 40 is a longitudinal sectional view along F-P-F in FIG. FIG. 41 is a partially exploded perspective view of the motor. (M): motor, (SW): switching means, (μC) (MD) (MC): switching means, selection means. Applicant Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. Figure 1I Figure 12 Figure 7b Figure 1q Figure 18 Kaisho 63-144789 (30) Figure 35

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A motor having a plurality of coils, and depending on which of the plurality of coils is selected, the first
a first drive mode having a first torque characteristic at a rotational speed of
a second drive mode having a second torque characteristic smaller than the torque characteristic of the second drive mode; and a selection means for selecting which drive mode to drive the motor. Control device. 2. The selection means includes an operation state detection means for detecting the operation state of the motor, and a mode selection means for switching the drive mode according to the detected operation state. motor control device. 3. The operating state detection means includes a load detection means for detecting the load applied to the motor, and the selection means selects the second drive mode when the drive torque of the motor becomes equal to or less than a predetermined torque while the motor is being driven in the first drive mode. Claim 2 is characterized in that the motor is configured to select the first drive mode, and to select the first drive mode when the drive torque of the motor exceeds a predetermined torque while the motor is being driven in the second drive mode. The motor control device described in Section 1. 4. The operating state detection means has a rotation speed detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the motor, and the selection means selects a second rotation speed when the rotation speed of the motor becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined rotation speed while the motor is being driven in the first drive mode. The driving mode is selected, and the first driving mode is selected when the rotational speed of the motor becomes equal to or less than a predetermined rotational speed while the motor is being driven in the second driving mode. The motor control device according to scope 2. 5. The selection means includes a power state detection means for detecting the state of a power supply battery that supplies power to the motor, and a mode selection means for switching the drive mode according to the detected power state. The motor control device according to scope 1. 6. A patent claim characterized in that the power state detection means has voltage detection means for detecting the output voltage of the power supply battery, and the selection means is configured to select a drive mode according to the detected voltage. 5. The motor control device according to item 5. 7. The selection means selects the first drive mode if the voltage detected by the voltage detection means at the moment when the first drive mode is switched to the second drive mode is less than or equal to a predetermined voltage. 7. A motor control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: 8. A patent claim characterized in that the power state detection means has a capacity detection means for detecting the remaining capacity of the power supply battery, and the selection means is configured to select a drive mode according to the detected capacity. 5. The motor control device according to item 5. 9. The capacity detection means is configured to detect the remaining capacity of the power battery based on whether the output voltage of the power battery reaches a predetermined voltage within a predetermined time after the drive mode is switched. A motor control device according to claim 8. 10. The selection means selects the motor from the first drive mode to the second drive mode.
If the capacity detection means detects that the output voltage of the power supply battery does not reach a predetermined voltage within a predetermined time after switching to the first drive mode, the first drive mode is selected. A motor control device according to claim 9 characterized by: