JPS63144697A - Sound wave transmitter-receiver - Google Patents
Sound wave transmitter-receiverInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63144697A JPS63144697A JP29313986A JP29313986A JPS63144697A JP S63144697 A JPS63144697 A JP S63144697A JP 29313986 A JP29313986 A JP 29313986A JP 29313986 A JP29313986 A JP 29313986A JP S63144697 A JPS63144697 A JP S63144697A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- case
- watertight case
- transducer
- heat
- item
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は送受波器に関し、特に関連送信回路の配置スペ
ースの削除と冷却設備の省略、ならびに自由なビームフ
ォーミンクの形成を図った送受波器に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a wave transceiver, and in particular to a wave transmitter/receiver that eliminates the installation space of related transmitting circuits, eliminates cooling equipment, and forms a free beamforming. Concerning vessels.
従来、ソーナー等のセンサとして利用され水中で運用さ
れる送受波器は、耐水圧の金属製水密ケース内部に振動
子とたかだか整合トランスが収納された構造となってい
る。Conventionally, a transducer used as a sensor for a sonar or the like and operated underwater has a structure in which an oscillator and at most a matching transformer are housed inside a watertight metal case that is resistant to water pressure.
上述した従来の送受波器は、通常内部に振動子とともに
収納するものが送信回路と振動子とを整合するための整
合トランスのみに限られ、従って送信回路等の電子回路
はこれを配置すべきスペースが別に必要であり、また特
に送信回路の如く和尚量の発熱を伴なうものは水冷、空
冷等専用の冷却設備を設けることが必要となるという問
題がある。The above-mentioned conventional transducer usually stores only a matching transformer for matching the transmitting circuit and the vibrator together with the transducer, so electronic circuits such as the transmitting circuit must be equipped with this. There is a problem in that a separate space is required, and in particular, in the case of a transmission circuit that generates a large amount of heat, it is necessary to provide dedicated cooling equipment such as water cooling or air cooling.
また従来の送受波器においては、これを複数個利用し、
形成すべき送受波指向特性にもとづく配置構造で組合せ
利用することが多い。この場合、各送受波器を駆動する
送信回路は送受波器と同数用意されることは少なく、１
つの送信回路が複数の送受波器の駆動源となる。従って
振動子と自由に組合せ利用して任意の送信指向性を得る
いわゆるビームホーミング、が自由に出来ないという問
題がある。In addition, in conventional transducers, multiple of these are used,
They are often used in combination in an arrangement structure based on the wave transmitting and receiving directional characteristics to be formed. In this case, the number of transmitting circuits that drive each transducer is rarely the same as the number of transducers;
One transmitting circuit serves as a driving source for multiple transducers. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is not possible to freely perform so-called beam homing to obtain an arbitrary transmission directivity by freely combining it with a vibrator.
本発明の目的は上述した欠点を除去し、水中で運用する
送受波器において、整合トランスのほか振動子の入出力
回路中央なくとも送信回範を同一の水密ケース収納した
うえその熱放散を配慮した構造とするととＫより、送信
回路の艦船内配置スペースと冷却設備の必要性を根本的
に排除し、かつビームホーミングを自由に行なうことが
出来る送受波器を提供することにある。The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and to provide a transducer for underwater operation, in which the matching transformer and at least the transmission circuit in the center of the input/output circuit of the vibrator are housed in the same watertight case, and consideration is given to heat dissipation. The purpose of this structure is to provide a transducer that fundamentally eliminates the need for a space for arranging a transmitting circuit in a ship and for cooling equipment, and allows for free beam homing.
本発明の送受波器は、水密ケースに収納し水中で運用す
る送受波器において、前記水密ケース内に振動子と整合
トランスのほか前記振動子に対する入出力回路中央なく
とも送信回路を収納したうえ前記送信回路に含まれる発
熱部品による発熱を前記水密ケースを介して水中に放散
せしめる構造を有して構成される。The transducer of the present invention is a transducer housed in a watertight case and operated underwater, in which a transducer, a matching transformer, and at least a transmission circuit are housed in the center of the input/output circuit for the transducer in the watertight case. The transmission circuit is configured to have a structure in which heat generated by heat generating components included in the transmission circuit is dissipated into the water through the watertight case.
次に図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の送受波器の一実施例の縦断面図である
。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the transducer of the present invention.
第１図について実施例の説明を行なうに先立ち、従来の
送受波器の構造について説明する。第２図は従来の送受
波器の縦断面図である。第２図に示す送受波器は、円筒
形のいわゆるランジュバンタイプの振動子を利用する場
合を例とし、かつこの送受波器はこれを複数個所定の形
状に配列して送。Before explaining the embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, the structure of a conventional transducer will be explained. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional transducer. The transducer shown in FIG. 2 uses cylindrical so-called Langevin type transducers as an example, and this transducer transmits data by arranging a plurality of them in a predetermined shape.
受信回路と所定の接続方式で接続し所望の送、受波ビー
ムを形成する場合のモジエラー（ｍｏｄｕｌａｒ）型の
ユニット送受波器を対象としたものである。The object is a modular type unit transducer that is connected to a receiving circuit in a predetermined connection method to form desired transmitting and receiving beams.
第２図に示す送受波器は、アルミニウム合金を利用する
耐水圧構造の水密ケース１．水密ケース１の外部を被覆
するゴムカバー２．振動子３．整合トランス４．コルク
５．水密グランド６、ケーブル７＃を備えて構成される
。The transducer shown in Fig. 2 consists of a watertight case with a water pressure resistant structure made of aluminum alloy. A rubber cover covering the outside of the watertight case 1 2. Vibrator 3. Matching transformer 4. Cork 5. It is configured with a watertight gland 6 and a cable 7#.
振動子３はセラミック等の振動材料を利用する多層円筒
形の振動子本体３１と、これを金属ボルト等で挟持して
締付けるフロントマス（ｆｒｏｎｔ ｍａｓｓ ）３２
、およびリアマス（ｒｅａｒ ｍａｓｓ） ３３等を備
えて構成され、フロントマスの自由端からゴムカバー２
を介して音波が放射される。このとき無用な振動が水密
ケース１に達することを抑止するのがコルク５である。The vibrator 3 includes a multilayer cylindrical vibrator body 31 made of a vibrating material such as ceramic, and a front mass 32 that is clamped and tightened with metal bolts or the like.
, a rear mass 33, etc., and a rubber cover 2 from the free end of the front mass.
Sound waves are emitted through the At this time, the cork 5 prevents unnecessary vibrations from reaching the watertight case 1.
ゴムカバー２は、水密ケース１が通常軽量化を図ってア
ルミニウム合金を禾１用することが多く、これを水中、
特に海水中ｔｃ直接浸漬する場合に発生する腐蝕防止が
目的で利用されている。水密ケースｌの内部には、振動
子３とケーブル７を介して接続される送信回路等とのイ
ンピーダンス整合をとるための整合トランスが必要な場
合にはこの整合トランス４も収納される。水密グランド
６はケーブル７を水密状態を保持して水密ケース１の内
部に導くための金具である。The rubber cover 2 is often made of aluminum alloy in order to reduce the weight of the watertight case 1.
In particular, it is used for the purpose of preventing corrosion that occurs when directly immersed in seawater. If a matching transformer 4 is required for impedance matching between the vibrator 3 and a transmitting circuit connected via the cable 7, the matching transformer 4 is also housed inside the watertight case 1. The watertight gland 6 is a metal fitting for guiding the cable 7 into the watertight case 1 while keeping it in a watertight state.
ところで、このような従来構造の送受波器は、内部に振
動子とたかだか整合トランスのみが収納され、このため
前述したもろもろの問題点が発生する。そこで、送受波
器と接続する回路、特に発熱量の多い送信回路だけでも
水密ケース１の内部に収納しうる構造とし、送受波器の
運用環境としての海水等にその発熱を放散せしめること
が出来れば送信回路の配置スペースと冷却設備が不要と
なるほか送受波器が個別に動作制御でき従ってビームフ
ォーミングも自由に行なうことができるようになるわけ
である。By the way, such a conventionally structured transducer has only a vibrator and a matching transformer housed inside, and therefore, the above-mentioned problems occur. Therefore, we designed a structure in which the circuit connected to the transducer, especially the transmission circuit that generates a large amount of heat, can be housed inside the watertight case 1, and the heat generated can be dissipated into seawater, etc., which is the operating environment of the transducer. This eliminates the need for space and cooling equipment for the transmitter circuit, and allows the transducer and receiver to operate independently, making it possible to freely perform beamforming.
しかしながら、従来の送受波器は前述した如く水密ケー
スの外部をゴムカバーで覆い、このままでは発熱放散は
不可能である。この問題を解決したものが第１図に示す
送受波器である。However, as described above, in the conventional transducer, the outside of the watertight case is covered with a rubber cover, and heat dissipation is not possible in this state. The transducer shown in FIG. 1 solves this problem.
第１図に示す送受波器は、水密ケース１．ゴムカバー２
．振動子３．整合トランス４．コルク５゜水密グランド
６、ケーブル７のほか、送信回路８゜ヒートシンク９．
セラミックコーティング１０等を備えて構成され、さら
に送信回路８に含まれ特に高発熱性の電力型ＦＥＴの如
き発熱部品８１は送信回路８０ケースからとシ出して熱
伝導性絶縁取付部材８２で水密ケース１に取付けている
。これら構成品目中、同一記号番号のものは第２図の送
受波器と同一であるので、これらに関する詳細な説明は
省略する。The transducer shown in FIG. 1 has a watertight case 1. Rubber cover 2
．． Vibrator 3. Matching transformer 4. Cork 5° watertight gland 6, cable 7, transmission circuit 8° heat sink 9.
The transmitter circuit 8 includes a ceramic coating 10 and the like, and a heat-generating component 81 such as a particularly high-heat generating power type FET is removed from the transmitter circuit 80 case and sealed in a watertight case with a thermally conductive insulating mounting member 82. It is installed on 1. Among these components, those with the same symbol numbers are the same as those of the transducer shown in FIG. 2, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.
第１図の実施例では送信回路８を水密ケース１の内部に
収納するとともに、さらに、この送信回路８に含まれる
発熱部品８１、本実施例の場合は電力型ＰＥＴを、窒化
アルミニウム等の熱伝導性がよくしかも絶縁性のある材
料を利用した熱伝導性絶縁取付部材８２を利用して水密
ケース１に取付けた構造としている。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the transmitting circuit 8 is housed inside the watertight case 1, and the heat-generating component 81 included in the transmitting circuit 8, in this embodiment, a power-type PET, is made of aluminum nitride, etc. The structure is such that it is attached to the watertight case 1 using a thermally conductive insulating attachment member 82 made of a material with good conductivity and insulating properties.
また、ゴムカバー２は水密ケース１の全外部を被覆する
ことなく、一部はヒートシンク９で覆ったものとしてい
る。Further, the rubber cover 2 does not cover the entire exterior of the watertight case 1, but a portion is covered with the heat sink 9.
このヒートシンク９は水密ケース１の一部と密着した状
態で取付けられており、さらにセラミックコーティング
１０がこのヒートシンク９の外側を含み第１図に示すセ
ラミックコーティング範囲にわたって約１０μｍ程度の
厚みの焼付処理を施されている。The heat sink 9 is attached in close contact with a part of the watertight case 1, and the ceramic coating 10 is baked to a thickness of about 10 μm over the ceramic coating range shown in FIG. 1, including the outside of the heat sink 9. It has been subjected.
このような構造とすることによシ、電力型ＦＥＴの如き
発熱部品８１による発熱は、熱伝導性絶縁取付部材８２
．水密ケース１ならびにヒートシンク９を介して水中に
放散せしめられる。With such a structure, the heat generated by the heat generating component 81 such as a power type FET is transferred to the heat conductive insulating mounting member 82.
．． It is dissipated into the water via the watertight case 1 and the heat sink 9.
この場合、セラミックコーティング１ｏはヒートシンク
９と水密ケースＩＫ対する耐蝕構造を形成し、かつ熱放
散性を殆んど損なわない。In this case, the ceramic coating 1o forms a corrosion-resistant structure for the heat sink 9 and the watertight case IK, and hardly impairs heat dissipation performance.
こうして、送信回路を水密クース内圧収納し、かつ熱放
散も各易な送受波器が簡素な構成で実現出来る。In this way, it is possible to realize a transducer with a simple structure, in which the transmitting circuit is housed in a watertight coos internal pressure, and the heat dissipation is easy.
上述した第１図の送受波器は、本発明の一実施例を示す
ものに過ぎず、この変形も種種考えられる。The transducer shown in FIG. 1 described above merely shows one embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications thereof are possible.
たとえば、水密ケース１を爆着工法による複合金属とし
てもよい。ただし、この場合、外面はステンレスもしく
は銅合金等の耐蝕金属とし、内面はアルミニウム合金等
の熱伝導性の良い金属を利用するものとする。なお、爆
着工法は異種の金属を所定の間隙で対向せしめた状態で
爆発物の爆発力を利用して結合せしめる工法で近時よく
知られている。For example, the watertight case 1 may be made of composite metal using an explosive bonding method. However, in this case, the outer surface is made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as stainless steel or a copper alloy, and the inner surface is made of a metal with good thermal conductivity such as an aluminum alloy. Incidentally, the explosive bonding method is recently well known as a construction method in which dissimilar metals are placed facing each other with a predetermined gap and bonded together using the explosive force of explosives.
また、水密ケースｌの内部もしくは収納する送信回路等
を対象としてこれにシリコンオイル等の絶縁油を充填し
その熱伝導性と絶縁性とを利用するようにしてもよい。Alternatively, the inside of the watertight case 1 or the transmission circuit housed therein may be filled with insulating oil such as silicone oil to take advantage of its thermal conductivity and insulation properties.
また、水密ケース１に充填すべきものを水素もしくはヘ
リウム等の高熱伝纏性気体としてもほぼ同様に実施しう
ろことは明らかである。Furthermore, it is obvious that the present invention can be carried out in almost the same way even if the material to be filled into the watertight case 1 is a highly heat conductive gas such as hydrogen or helium.
さらに、本実施例では、水密ケース内に送信回路のみを
収納するものとしているが、これは他に受信回路等所望
の電子回路を追加収納するものとしてもよく、以上はす
べて本発明の主旨を損うことなく容易に実施しうる。Furthermore, in this embodiment, only the transmitting circuit is housed in the watertight case, but it is also possible to additionally house a desired electronic circuit such as a receiving circuit. It can be easily implemented without any damage.
以上説明した如く本発明によれば、送受波器の水密ケー
ス内にこれと結合使用する電子回路中食なくとも送信回
路を収納し、かつその発熱を水密ケースを介して水中に
放散せしめるという構造を備えることによシ、少なくと
も送信回路の配置スペースと冷却設備を削減しうるとと
もに送受波器の複数利用によって形成する際のビームフ
ォーミング特性を自由に決定しうる送受波器が実現でき
るという効果がある。As explained above, according to the present invention, the transmitting circuit is housed in the watertight case of the transducer, even if the electronic circuit used in connection with the transducer is not exposed, and the heat generated by the transmission circuit is dissipated into the water through the watertight case. By providing this, it is possible to at least reduce the installation space and cooling equipment for the transmitting circuit, and also to realize a transducer that can freely determine the beam forming characteristics when forming the beam by using multiple transducers. be.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の縦断面図、第２図は従来の
送受波器の縦断面図である。
１・・・・・・水密ケース、２・・・・・・ゴムカバー
、３・・・・・・振動子、４・・・・・・整合トランス
、５・・・・・・コルク、６・・・・・・水密グランド
、７・・・・・・ケーブル、８・・・・・・送信回路、
９・・・・・・ヒートシンク、１０・・・・・・セラミ
ックコーティング、３１・・・・・・振動子本体、３２
・・・・・・フロントマス、３３・・・・・・リアマス
、８１・・・・・・発熱部品、８２・・・・・・熱伝導
性絶縁取付部材。
代理人 弁理士 内 原 晋 ９・ ｌ氷ｔ
ケース
８１−一一発＃！、部品
８２−ｍ−を÷ｆ云−イ寸部、オキ
箭 １ ト」FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional transducer. 1... Watertight case, 2... Rubber cover, 3... Vibrator, 4... Matching transformer, 5... Cork, 6 ...Watertight ground, 7...Cable, 8...Transmission circuit,
9... Heat sink, 10... Ceramic coating, 31... Vibrator body, 32
...Front mass, 33 ... Rear mass, 81 ... Heat generating component, 82 ... Heat conductive insulation mounting member. Agent Patent Attorney Susumu Uchihara 9.
Case 81-11 shots #! , parts 82-m-÷f-i-dimensions, 1 t.
Claims (7)
いて、前記水密ケース内に振動子と整合トランスのほか
前記振動子に対する入出力回路中少なくとも送信回路を
収納したうえ前記送信回路に含まれる発熱部品による発
熱を前記水密ケースを介して水中に放散せしめる構造を
有して成ることを特徴とする送受波器。(1) In a transducer housed in a watertight case and operated underwater, the watertight case houses a vibrator, a matching transformer, and at least a transmitting circuit among the input/output circuits for the vibrator, and the transmitting circuit includes A transducer characterized in that it has a structure in which heat generated by heat-generating components is dissipated into water through the watertight case.
記水密ケースに取付けたことを特徴とする第（１）項記
載の送受波器。(2) The transducer according to item (1), wherein the heat generating component is attached to the watertight case via a thermally conductive insulating attachment member.
かつその外部にセラミックコーティングをあらかじめ設
定する所定の範囲にわたって施したものであることを特
徴とする第（１）項記載の送受波器。(3) The transducer according to item (1), wherein the material of the watertight case is an aluminum alloy, and a ceramic coating is applied to the outside over a predetermined range.
であることを特徴とする第（１）項記載の送受波器。(4) The transducer according to item (1), wherein the material of the watertight case is a composite metal made by an explosive bonding method.
にわたってヒートシンクを装着したことを特徴とする第
（１）項記載の送受波器。(5) The transducer according to item (1), characterized in that a heat sink is mounted outside the watertight case over a preset range.
を特徴とする第（１）項記載の送受波器。(6) The transducer according to item (1), wherein the inside of the watertight case is filled with an insulating liquid.
ことを特徴とする第（１）項記載の送受波器。(7) The transducer according to item (1), wherein the inside of the watertight case is filled with a highly thermally conductive gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29313986A JPS63144697A (en) | 1986-12-08 | 1986-12-08 | Sound wave transmitter-receiver |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29313986A JPS63144697A (en) | 1986-12-08 | 1986-12-08 | Sound wave transmitter-receiver |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63144697A true JPS63144697A (en) | 1988-06-16 |
| JPH0511839B2 JPH0511839B2 (en) | 1993-02-16 |
Family
ID=17790924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29313986A Granted JPS63144697A (en) | 1986-12-08 | 1986-12-08 | Sound wave transmitter-receiver |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63144697A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08140973A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-04 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Ultrasonic wave generator |
| US7440280B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2008-10-21 | Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd | Heat exchange enhancement |
| US7593229B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-09-22 | Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd | Heat exchange enhancement |
| JP2012513718A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-06-14 | イクスブルー | Sonic transducer and sonar antenna with improved directivity |
-
1986
- 1986-12-08 JP JP29313986A patent/JPS63144697A/en active Granted
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08140973A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-04 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Ultrasonic wave generator |
| US7440280B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2008-10-21 | Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd | Heat exchange enhancement |
| US7593229B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-09-22 | Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd | Heat exchange enhancement |
| US7651253B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2010-01-26 | Hong Kong Applied Science & Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd | Heat exchange enhancement |
| US7800898B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2010-09-21 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd. | Heat exchange enhancement |
| US7826214B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2010-11-02 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Heat exchange enhancement |
| JP2012513718A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-06-14 | イクスブルー | Sonic transducer and sonar antenna with improved directivity |
| US8780674B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2014-07-15 | Ixblue | Acoustic wave transducer and sonar antenna with improved directivity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0511839B2 (en) | 1993-02-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |