JPS63141605A - Gas-liquid contact device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniformize a liq. flow by forming plural passages with two partition plates and two side plates, and providing plural rectangular trays in each passage while alternately shifting the liq. shoots of the adjacent upper and lower trays from each other. CONSTITUTION:The passage 5 is formed by the partition plates 2 and 2 and the side plates 3 and 3. A liq. is supplied from the upper part of the passage 5, flows down through the liq. shoot 7, overflows an inlet weir 11 through a pan 12, is brought into contact with a gas ascending from the underside on a gas-liq. contact plate 10, and overflows a weir 13 on the shoot side into the shoot 7. As a result, the gas-liq. contact is repeated at the gas-liq. contact plate 10 of the tray 6, and the liq. flows down to the lower tray. The joints between the tray 6 and the partition plate 2 and between the tray and a side bar 4 are hermetically sealed, hence bypasses for gas and liq. are not formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a tray type gas-liquid contact device used for precision, distillation, absorption, etc.

[Conventional technology]

There are two basic types of gas-liquid contact devices: a rotary flow type and a cross flow type, and many improvements have been made to these types.

When a cross-flow shelf is installed horizontally in a cylindrical pressure vessel, the liquid flow from the center of the inlet weir to the center of the drop weir and the liquid flow from the end of the inlet weir to the end of the drop weir are different. Due to the large difference in path length and flow velocity, the liquid flow on the tray becomes non-uniform. For this reason, the residence time of the liquid flow on the shelf becomes significantly W in the 8th part inside the cylinder and the peripheral part of the cylinder, which reduces the stage efficiency.

In particular, in the single-core AC type, the liquid flow in the peripheral area forms a stagnation in the center of the flow path on the way from the inlet weir to the drop weir, reducing the effective air-liquid contact area.

As a means to improve such non-uniform liquid flow, a slot is provided on the shelf, and an upper gas is ejected from this slot to the liquid on the shelf to forcibly form a uniform liquid flow. is Special Publication No. 57-43042. Disclosed in the official gazette. Alternatively, a rectangular shelf can be arranged inside a cylindrical pressure vessel,
JP-A-57-84738 discloses means for forming a uniform liquid flow by keeping the length of the flow path from the inlet weir to the weir the same.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above-mentioned cylindrical gas-liquid contact device, when the shelves are installed at an angle or when the shelves themselves have an uneven distortion, the liquid on the shelves flows in a lower curve. The liquid depth on the shelf increases from the high side to the low side of the slope of the shelf. On the other hand, since the rising gas preferentially flows through the lower liquid depth portion, the inclination of the tray causes local differences in the gas-liquid ratio, reducing the tray efficiency. In extreme conditions, so-called weaving occurs, in which the liquid flows down from the ventilation holes of the tray without foaming in areas where the liquid depth is high, and gas-liquid contact is sufficient in areas where the liquid depth is shallow. This causes an embankment phenomenon in which the rising gas bypasses the upper shelf, and the efficiency of the stage is significantly impaired. Therefore, in order to ensure the levelness of the shelves, great care and effort are required in everything from the structural strength design of the shelves themselves, to the assembly and processing of the shelves, to the work of assembling the shelves into the cylinder, and to the work of attaching them to transportation IIz. ,
It costs money.

In addition, in the conventional gas-liquid contact 5A system, the optimum cylinder diameter, the ventilation hole diameter and pitch of the trays, the interval between the trays, etc. are appropriately determined in accordance with the processing amount, so that the gas-liquid contact is not carried out for each processing hanger. Not only do the shelves of the device have different shapes and dimensions, but the shelves themselves have a large number of component parts, and the processing and assembly of the shelves requires a large number of man-hours. Therefore, it has been impossible to adopt a rational design and manufacturing method that uses component parts of the same shape and size in combination in accordance with the throughput.

Then, like a cryogenic separation device for low-temperature liquefied gas, a viscosity cylinder and a heat exchanger are installed inside a cold box, and the space between the cold box and each installed equipment is filled with heat insulating material to prevent heat from outside. In structures that prevent intrusion, minimizing the outside surface area of the cold box is effective in reducing the rate of heat intrusion. However, since the conventional viscosity cylinder is cylindrical and the heat exchanger is a rectangular plate-fin type heat exchanger, circular and rectangular equipment must be placed in a rectangular field box. However, there was a structural limit to minimizing the cross-sectional area of the cold box, resulting in wasted space.

Furthermore, the conventional cylindrical gas-liquid contact device has a reduction operation limit of approximately 70%, and in order to enable further reduction operation, significant equipment modification is required, which is virtually impossible. Met.

Furthermore, in the means disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-84738, the ratio of the effective gas-liquid contact area of the tray to the cross-sectional area of the cylinder is reduced compared to the conventional cross-flow type gas-liquid contact cylinder.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a gas-liquid contacting device that is capable of consolidating the neck of the head and making the liquid flow uniform.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a plurality of shelves for gas-liquid contact, and a liquid droplet for causing liquid to flow down the shelves, and allows the liquid to flow through a ventilation hole bored in the shelves. In a gas-liquid contacting device that allows gas to flow upward, and causes the liquid to sequentially flow down from the liquid droplet to the lower shelf to bring the gas and liquid into contact on the S ring,
at least two partition plates vertically arranged in parallel;
A plurality of rows of passages having a rectangular cross section are formed by at least two side wall plates closely joining both side ends of the partition plate, and rectangular shelves are arranged in the passages so that the liquid of the adjacent upper and lower shelves is formed. It is characterized by the fact that the openings are arranged in multiple stages, upper and lower, with the phases alternately shifted.

[For production]

According to the present invention, with the above configuration, the shape of the gas-liquid contact device can be made into a rectangular shape, the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid contact device can be reduced to make the device compact, and the shelves can be made rectangular. In addition to making the liquid flow uniform, the weir width can be made much wider than before, which reduces the liquid depth of the tray, reduces tray pressure loss, and reduces power consumption.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the M-tree structure of the gas-liquid contact device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the shelves, with solid arrows indicating the flow direction of the liquid, Flow direction is indicated by dashed arrows.

The gas-liquid contact device 1 includes a plurality of partition plates 2, 2 . ...and the side par 4 that constitutes the side wall plate 3
,4. . . . The both ends of the partition plate 2 are tightly joined by the side pars 4, and the passage portion 5.5. has a rectangular cross section and serves as a passage for liquid and rising gas. ..., and the outermost partition plate 2 also serves as the outer wall of the gas-liquid contacting device 1.

The shelves 6 arranged vertically in multiple stages in the passage section 5 are made by bending one end of a thin plate cut into strips downward to form a wall plate 8 of the droplet lower, and the horizontal part is used as a vent for rising gas 7t 9 It is formed as a perforated gas-liquid contact 1fj10, and the wall plate 8
A thin plate whose end is bent to form an inlet weir 11 is spot-welded to the upper surface of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 on the opposite side to the saucer 1.
A drop weir 13 is formed by spot welding a single-shaped thin plate to the upper end of the wall plate sOJI+ of the gas-liquid contact plate 10.

Next, the manufacturing procedure of this device will be explained.

First, the partition plate 2 is placed on a flat jig, the side pars 4.4 are arranged at both ends of the partition plate 2, and the shelves 6, 6.4 formed as described above are placed. ... by alternately changing the orientation of the wall plates 8 on the partition plates 2 between the side pars 4 and 4, alternately shifting the phases of the liquid lowers of the upper and lower adjacent shelves 6, and placing the saucer 12 side on the side par 4. A predetermined number of stages are sequentially arranged in contact with the inner wall of the stage.

The vertical interval of each shelf 6 is between the lower end of the wall plate 8 of the liquid solution lower and
The height relationship between the lower shelf 6 and the upper end of the inlet weir 11 can be liquid-sealed by the liquid accumulated in the saucer 12, so that rising gas bypasses the liquid solution lower to the upper stage and reduces the stage efficiency. I try not to have any.

By placing the next partition plate 2 on top of the shelves 6, 6, a rectangular passage portion 5 is constructed.

By repeating the same operation a predetermined number of passages, all the passages of the device are constructed.

Next, the contact surfaces of the partition plate 2, guide bar 4, and shelf 6 are joined by brazing or the like.

As is clear from the structure of the shelves 6, the production of this device requires only the work of placing the shelves 6 on the partition plate 2, and the gas-liquid contact plate 10 of the shelves 6 can be placed on the surface of the partition plate 2. Since the gas-liquid contact plate 10 can be installed vertically, horizontality in the width direction of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 can be easily obtained.

Next, the operation of this device will be explained.

The liquid introduced from above into the gas-liquid contact device 1 is passed through the partition plate 2,
2, the side par 4, and the wall plate 8 of the shelf 6. After flowing down the liquid lower layer composed of the side par 4 and the wall plate 8 of the shelf 6, and collecting on the saucer 12, it passes through the lower end of the wall plate 8 and passes over the inlet ¥111 to form gas-liquid contact. The liquid flows over the plate 10 toward the drop weir 13 while being in gas-liquid contact with the gas rising from the lower side of the gas-liquid contact plate 10, overcomes the drop weir 13, and flows down to the liquid solution lower.

In this way, the liquid sequentially flows down to the lower stages while repeating gas-liquid contact on the gas-liquid contact plates 10 of the shelves 6 arranged in multiple stages above and below in the rectangular passage section 5.

On the other hand, the rising gas passes through the vent hole 9 of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 and repeatedly contacts the liquid on the gas-liquid contact plate 10, while
Sequentially move up to the top.

The Ochiguchi weir 13 ensures the depth of the liquid on the gas-liquid contact plate 10,
Ochiguchi Weir 1 improves the gas-liquid contact effect.
Since gas-liquid contact can be carried out even without 3, it is not necessarily necessary to provide the drop weir 13.

The length of the liquid flow path from the inlet weir 11 to the drop weir 13 is
Since it is the same in all parts in the width direction, a uniform liquid flow distribution can be obtained, and the stage efficiency can be improved compared to devices with conventional structures.

In addition, in order to prevent the inflow amount into the individual passage parts 5 from becoming uneven due to uneven flow, there is a position d3 at the introduction part of the liquid and gas into the device, which corresponds to the liquid solution lower part of the partition plate 2. An opening 14 is provided in the partition plate 2 between the stages of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 to equalize the liquid accumulated on the receiver 111112 with the liquid flowing in the adjacent passage.An opening 15 is provided in the partition plate 2 between the stages of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 to distribute the rising gas It is homogenized with the rising gas flowing through the passage. If the opening 15 between the stages is placed close to the upper surface of the gas-liquid contact plate 10,
Together with the gas, the liquid on the gas-liquid contact plate 10 can be made uniform with the liquid flowing on the gas-liquid contact plate 10 in the adjacent passage.

As described above, the gas-liquid contact device of the present invention can be manufactured using easily and simply shaped parts and simple processing and assembly operations.

In order to obtain a predetermined gas-liquid contact effect, the required number of shelves 6 may be stacked in the height direction, and the number of passages 5 can be freely set depending on the number of stacked partition plates 2 and side pars 4. Therefore, the optimum number of passages 5 can be formed for the liquid volume load.

For upper boundary gas n loads, the rising gas can be controlled either by stacking an optimum number of passages 5 in the width direction or by adjusting the dimensions of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 in the length direction. The area of the ventilation hole 9 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, each shelf 6 has only one liquid solution lower on one side, but it can also be configured with a plurality of liquid lowers.

For the openings 14 and 15, a large number of small diameter circular holes may be bored in the partition plate 2 for the same purpose.

Further, the shape of the ventilation hole 9 of the gas-liquid contact plate 10 is not limited to a circular hole, but may be any shape that allows foaming suitable for gas-liquid contact.

The gas-liquid contact position 1 reduces the gas-liquid contact efficiency when rising gas bypasses to the upper stage or liquid flows down to the lower stage from the gap between the joints of the shelf 6, the partition plate 2, and the side par 4. Therefore, the shelves 6 and their joints must be kept in a sealed structure.

In order to seal the respective joints between the shelf 6, the partition plate 2, and the side bar 4, the joining surfaces may be joined with fissure bones, or a sealing material may be sandwiched between the joining surfaces and a compressive load may be applied to mechanically join them. Mechanical joining means are suitable for applications that require periodic disassembly and cleaning.

In other cases, it is more reliable in terms of airtightness and economical to manufacture by soldering, especially when aluminum alloys are used as the material for gas-liquid contact dressings. The osteosynthesis method is right-handed.

When manufactured by this wax bone bonding method, the part that contacts the shelf 6 of the partition plate 2, and the receiving fln12 of the side par 4.
After temporary assembly of the device, the whole device is restrained and fixed with a jig and transported to a brazing furnace, where the temperature is raised to the brazing temperature to complete the entire bonding of the device. parts can be joined at the same time.

The shelves 6 shown in FIG.
A folded surface 16 is formed around the periphery in order to improve the bondability with the holder.

When pressure fluid flows inside the gas-liquid contact device 1 of the present invention, pressure acts on the inner surface of the side par 4 and the outermost partition plate 2 of the device.

When this device is joined to the fistula, the side par 4 is supported by the shear strength of the joint with the partition plate 2 and the tensile strength of the partition plate 2 in the distal direction. The pressure acting on the plate 2 is supported by the shelf 6 which plays the role of a stay.

As the holding pressure increases, the pressure resistance of the outermost partition plate 2 must be improved, but in order to avoid improving this pressure resistance, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the outermost partition plate 2 or to increase the pressure resistance of the outermost partition plate 2. A means of reinforcing the plate 2 with corrugated fins to create a so-called dummy passage whose pressure is equalized to the pressure of the passage part 5, and a means of reducing the mounting interval of the shelves 6 to create a structure similar to that of densely arranging stays. and so on.

However, the liquid flowing down from the upper part of the liquid groove lowers into the wall plate 8.
The liquid is sealed between the lower end and the inlet weir 11 and accumulates on the saucer 12. When the distance between the shelves 6 above and below this liquid level is reduced, the liquid on the shelves 6 will flow into the lower liquid groove. There is a limit to reducing the interval between the shelves, which also serve as stays, because a so-called flooding phenomenon occurs in which the liquid cannot flow down to the lower tier, making it impossible to make gas-liquid contact.

The device shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a new reinforcing member 17 that is connected to the adjacent partition plate 2°2 between the upper and lower shelves 6 instead of reducing the space between the partitions. This improves the pressure resistance of the plate 2. Incidentally, FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line v-■ in FIG. 4.

This reinforcing member 17 is not disposed near the upper surface of the gas-liquid contact plate 10, the receiver 112, and the lower liquid groove, so as not to impede the flow of the liquid on the shelf 6.

Furthermore, although the reinforcing member 17 is also arranged in the lower liquid groove portion in the figure, this reinforcing member 17 may be omitted if it becomes a flow resistance for the liquid flowing down the lower liquid groove.

The 8S structure of the reinforcing member 17 may be any structural material that can be integrated with the shelf 6 and brazed to the partition plate 2 and has low resistance to the flow of rising gas, for example, the same width as the shelf 6. A thin plate having a width or a corrugated thin plate having the same height can be used. The reinforcing member 17 also has openings such as through holes and notches so that the gas rising in the space between the upper and lower shelves 6 can freely flow through the reinforcing member 17 and the rising gas flow can be made uniform. It is preferable to have a structure in which the parts are on the right side.

When applying a compressive load and mechanically joining to maintain pressure, the reinforcing member 17 may be provided for the purpose of preventing the shelf 6 from compressive buckling.

In the gas-liquid contacting device 1 according to the present invention, the number of holes in the gas-liquid passage section 5 can be freely set, so the total width of the inlet weir 11 and drop weir 13, the so-called weir width, can be adjusted according to the hl of the processing liquid. It can be set freely, and by changing the width of the shelves 6 to reduce the amount of treated liquid f per medium length of the weir, the liquid depth on the gas-liquid contact plate 10 can be reduced, and the width of each shelf 6 can be reduced. Pressure loss can be reduced, and the power cost of the gas-liquid contact device 1 can be reduced.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rectification column 20 showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a rectification column of a cryogenic air liquefaction separation device for extracting liquid oxygen as a product from air as a raw material gas. Incidentally, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the basic structure described above, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

The raw material liquid air LA is introduced into the rectification column 20 from the header 21 disposed on the side of the rectification column 20 through the opening [1 part 22 of the side par 4, and becomes a reflux liquid, which flows into the gas and liquid of each shelf 6. Gas-liquid contact is repeated on the contact plate 10, and the gas sequentially flows down from the lower liquid groove to the T: stage shelf 6, becoming a liquefied gas rich in oxygen components.

In addition, the raw material gas air GA is blown into the precision cylinder 20 from the header 23 in the middle part of the cylinder through the opening 24 of the side par 4, and while repeating gas-liquid contact with the liquefied gas on the gas-liquid contact plate 10 as an upper field gas, The gas gradually ascends to the upper shelf 6 and becomes gas GN rich in nitrogen components.

From the header 25 on the top side of the rectification column 20, liquid nitrogen LN is introduced into the rectification column 20 as a reflux liquid through the opening 26 of the side par 4, and sequentially flows down to the lower tray 6 through the liquid lower. I'll go.

From the header 27, waste gas GN rich in nitrogen components is taken out after gas-liquid contact.

The liquefied gas flowing down inside the rectification column 20 becomes liquid M element LO at a predetermined 1lli degree at the lowest stage, and is led out from the header 29 through the opening 28 of the side par 4, and a part of this liquid oxygen LO is converted into a product. The remaining liquid oxygen is guided to a liquefied gas storage tank, and is vaporized in a heat exchanger and introduced from the header 30 at the bottom of the rectifying column 20 to become the ascending gas Go for the rectifying operation.

In this embodiment, by making the cross-sectional shape of the rectifying tube 20 rectangular, the cross-sectional area can be reduced by about 22% compared to the case of a conventional cylindrical rectifying tube.

The cryogenic separation equipment of the cryogenic air liquefaction separation equipment is housed in an insulated box called a cold box.By reducing the cross-sectional area of the rectifying column, which occupies the largest cross-sectional area of this box, it is possible to The cross-sectional area of the cold box was reduced by approximately 11%.

In addition, by reducing the cross-sectional area, we were able to reduce the volume of the cold box itself, reducing the need to open the cold box Ichikawa and the insulation material filled inside the cold box.

At the same time, the surface area of the cold box has been reduced by approximately 7% compared to conventional models, reducing cooling loss due to heat intrusion from the surface of the cold box.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, in the gas-liquid contact tube according to the present invention, the layer width is not structurally limited, so the layer width is 3.
By expanding the liquid depth by four times and reducing the liquid depth above the tray, the tray pressure loss can be reduced by about 25%, and the rectification column can be operated at a lower pressure than before, reducing the cold water loss. In addition to this reduction, the power consumption of the cryogenic air separation equipment was also reduced.

FIG. 7 is an overall perspective view, not showing an example in which two rectifying columns 20, 20a having the same processing capacity are combined in parallel.

In the case where two rectifying columns 20 are arranged in parallel, a 50% reduction operation is possible by simply blocking the piping 31a on the side of one of the rectifying columns 2Oa, and one of the rectifying columns 20a If a valve is provided in the side piping 31a to reduce -C, there is no need to modify the piping for reduced ω operation.

In this way, since the cross-sectional shape of the rectification column is rectangular, even if the rectification column is divided into N groups and configured in parallel, they can be arranged without taking up much space, making it easy to operate with a 1/N reduction in meters. can be done.

In addition, since the rectification column generally extracts gas or introduces liquefied gas from the middle part, the ratio between the amount of refluxed liquid and the amount of rising gas inside the rectification column changes variously from the upper stage to the lower stage. In order to obtain the optimal rectification column for this liquid/gas ratio,
It is also possible to configure the rectifying column according to the present invention by dividing it in the height direction and arranging it in series.

As a structural advantage of the pond water invention, a conventional rectangular plate fin type condenser is installed at the top of the rectangular gas-liquid contact device.
It has become possible to attach a plate-fin type evaporator to the bottom part as an integral part of the device, making it possible to make the entire v2 stomach a compact structure.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the gas-liquid contacting device of the present invention forms a passage section with a rectangular cross section by the partition plates vertically arranged in parallel and the side wall plates closely joining both ends of the partition plates. Since rectangular gas-liquid contact shelves are placed inside the passage, the structure is simplified, and gas-liquid contact devices with various throughputs can be easily manufactured by simply increasing or decreasing the number of combinations of shelves of the same size. In addition, the levelness of the rectangular shelves can be easily achieved simply by placing the rectangular shelves on the partition plate, so that a uniform liquid flow is obtained and the efficiency of the shelves is improved. Furthermore, since the interpupillary distance can be freely set, the pressure loss on the shelf can be reduced by widening the interpupillary distance and reducing the liquid depth above the shelf.

Moreover, by making the device shape rectangular, the cross-sectional area can be reduced compared to a conventional cylindrical device, and even if the device is divided into a plurality of pieces, it can be installed without taking up much space.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the gas-liquid contact device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the basic structure of the gas-liquid contact device, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a shelf, and FIG. The figure is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the shelf, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which a reinforcing member is provided in the gas-liquid contact device, and FIG. 5 is v-■ in FIG. 4.
A cross-sectional view, FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of application to a rectification column,
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example in which two rectifying columns are combined in parallel. 1... Gas-liquid contact device 2... Partition plate 3...
Side wall plate 4... Side par 5... Passage part
6...Shelf 7...Liquid inlet 9...Vent hole
10... Gas-liquid contact plate 11... Weir plate 14.
15...Opening 16...Folding 17...Reinforcement member 20...Rectifying tube [Kiro 2 Kokutan 11 3rd factor 1 Kishi 4 factor

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device comprising a plurality of shelves for gas-liquid contact and a liquid droplet for causing liquid to flow down the shelves, and allowing gas to flow through ventilation holes drilled in the shelves. In the gas-liquid contact device, the liquid is raised and the liquid sequentially flows down from the liquid droplet to the lower shelf, and the gas and liquid come into contact with each other on the shelf, at least two partition plates vertically arranged in parallel. and at least two side wall plates closely joining both side ends of the partition plate to form a plurality of rows of passages each having a rectangular cross section, and rectangular shelves are arranged in the passages to form adjacent upper and lower shelves. A gas-liquid contact device characterized in that liquid drop ports are arranged in multiple stages, upper and lower, with the phases alternately shifted. 2. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein the partition plate is provided with openings for ventilation and liquid passage between adjacent passage sections. 3. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member made of a thin plate is provided in the passage between the partition plates. 4. A patent claim in which a part or all of these joints are brazed by applying or cladding a brazing material to each joint of the partition plate, shelf, and side wall constituting the passage section in advance. The gas-liquid contact device according to item 1. 5. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein a sealing material is provided between each joint between the partition plate, the shelf, and the side wall constituting the passage. 6. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein a folded surface is formed at a joint portion with a partition plate around the shelf.