JPS6313642B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention involves penetrating an air blowing body into the tiller to restore the air permeability and water permeability of the hardened tiller around the roots of crops such as fruit trees, and from the bottom of the tiller. This invention relates to a plowing platform expansion and softening device for blowing out pressurized air to expand and soften the plowing platform and supplying air into the ground.

In order to effectively expand and soften the tiller at a sufficiently deep position from the ground surface, the penetration length of the air blower 10 must be made sufficiently long. For this reason, as shown in Figure 1,
For example, 3P installed on a towing machine 4 such as a tractor
In order to ensure this penetration length, that is, the penetration stroke using a suspension mechanism H such as a link mechanism, the tilling mechanism I is moved along a guide mechanism K connected to the suspension mechanism H.
If the driving mechanism 11 and the air blowing body 10 are provided so as to be movable up and down, the lower end of the air blowing body 10 will come into contact with the ground by lowering the guide mechanism K as shown in FIG. It is theoretically possible to linearly drive the air blower 10 to a predetermined depth as shown in FIG. 3 using the inserting mechanism 11. However, when the tilling mechanism I is pulled out from the penetrating state, the tilling mechanism I moves in an arc and a lateral force acts on the air blowing body 10, as shown in FIG. In order to lift the air blower 10 to a height h that does not interfere with the moving operation, the normal lifting mechanism H provided in the traction machine 4 is insufficient in lift amount.

Therefore, in this invention, the lifting cylinder is attached to the equipment frame, and the tilling mechanism is supported at the upper end of the piston of this lifting cylinder, so that when the piston is moved downward, the guide mechanism is not activated. The air blowing body is driven into the ground in a straight line through the penetrating state, and the air blowing body in the penetrating state is straightened by the upward movement of the piston.
The air blower is pulled out smoothly, and the air blower is held in an upward position relative to the equipment frame, so even if the amount of lift by the lifting mechanism is small, it can be moved at a height that does not hinder movement. h is ensured, and since the upper end of the piston is not fixed to the tilling mechanism and is configured to simply support the tilling mechanism at this upper end, the penetration stroke of the air blower Since the lifting amount can be divided into the lifting amount by the piston and the lifting amount by the lifting mechanism, the stroke amount of the lifting cylinder can be made smaller (compared to the case where the upper end of the piston is fixed to the tilling mechanism). It was designed to make the lifting cylinder shorter and smaller.

To explain one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 as a left side view, FIG. 5 as a perspective view, and FIG. 6 as a plan view, for example, a pipe material is approximately U A device frame 1 consisting of letter-shaped horizontal rod portions 1a, 1a and a rear connecting portion 1b with its rear center raised up.
, and air pockets 2, 2 are formed on the horizontal rod parts 1a, 1a.
A tilling mechanism I, which will be described later, is constructed by fixing the compressor 3 and the compressor 3.
A pressurized air supply mechanism G is used to supply the pressurized air, for example, through a hose or the like. The front lower part of the device frame 1 is pivotally connected to the rear of the left and right lower links 5, 5 which are pivotally connected to the rear lower part of the towing machine 4, and the top which is pivotally connected to the center of the upper part of the towing machine 4. The rear part of the link 6 is pivotally connected to the mast 7 installed on the equipment frame 1, and the top link 6 and lower links 5, 5 of equal length form a parallel link, and the lift piston of the traction machine 4 is connected to the mast 7. If the left and right lift arms 8, 8, which move up and down as the machine moves up and down, move up and down the lower links 5, 5 via lift rods 9, 9, the machine frame 1 will always move up and down in the same posture. A suspension mechanism H is constructed.

Then, as shown in the rear view in FIG. 9, the air tank 12 is installed on the driving mechanism 11 that has the air blower 10 installed at the bottom, and is slid onto the mounting plates 13, 13 installed on the left and right sides of the air tank 12. The tilling mechanism I is formed by pivotally supporting the bosses 14, 14, 14, 14. The tilling mechanism I is attached to the device frame 1 so that the tilling mechanism I can move up and down in a straight line along the line 17.
It is supported by a guide mechanism S consisting of, for example, the above-mentioned vertical rails 17, 17. At the bottom of the vertical rails 17, 17, there are mounting plates 18,
18 is fixedly installed, and a mounting plate 19 is fixedly installed as a bridge in the middle part of the vertical rails 17, 17, and the mounting plate 18, 1
A horizontal rod 15 is bridged and fixed to 8, and the lifting cylinder 2
2 to the horizontal rod 15 via the bracket 20,
Further, the upper parts of the lifting cylinders 22 are respectively attached to the mounting plates 19 through the brackets 21, so that the lifting cylinders 22 are equidistant from the pair of vertical rails 17, 17 as shown in FIG. The lifting cylinder 22 is erected near the position, and the lifting cylinder 22 is made to be as close to the vertical rails 17, 17 as possible. A head 23 is attached to the upper part of the piston 22a of the lifting cylinder 22 so that its vertical position can be adjusted. Cultivation mechanism I
Even if the lifting mechanism 25 is configured to linearly move up and down along the vertical rails 17, and the piston 22a is projected to the uppermost position when the lower end of the air blower 10 is in contact with the ground as shown in FIG. Head 23 and receiving plate 24
This piston 22 is arranged so that a gap a remains between the piston 22
The stroke of a is made short.

As shown in a plan view in FIG. 6, a hollow cylindrical horizontal rod 26 is arranged and fixed in the left-right direction on the device frame 1, and is fitted into the horizontal rod 26 so that it can be moved left and right. The front and rear rails 2 with a U-shaped cross section are mounted on the horizontal frame 27.
8 and 28 in the front and back direction, and fix the mounting plate 1.
8 and 18, rollers 29, 29, 29, 29 are disposed and pivoted in the front and rear, and the rollers 29... are loosely fitted to the front and rear rails 28, 28 so that the tilling mechanism I can be moved in the front and rear direction. Springs 33, 33 are stretched between the front stays 31 and the horizontal frame 27 of the stays 31, 32 fixed to the mounting plates 18, 18, and are provided on the front and rear rails 28, 28 and open at the rear end. A stay 34 is loosely fitted into the opening grooves 28a, 28a, and springs 35, 35 are stretched between the stay 34 and the rear stay 32 to prevent the tilling mechanism I from coming off the front and rear rails 28, 28. There is.

As shown in FIG. 10, the driving mechanism 11 tightly fits the upper part of the air blower 10 into the inner hole 36a of the guide tube 36 fixed at the bottom of the air tank 12, and is installed inside the guide tube 36. When the hitting piston 37 hits the head of the air blowing body 10 by a hitting mechanism such as a known air hammer (not shown), the air blowing body 10 will be driven into the ground, and at this time, the tilling mechanism I will also be activated. Both of them move downward along the vertical rails 17, 17, and pressurized air is supplied to the impact piston 37 from the air reservoir 2 through an air hose (not shown) to the switching valve A as shown in FIG. This is done via the driving valve B, and the pressure air to the piston 22a of the lifting cylinder 22 is supplied to the lifting valve C. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a switching valve A and a lifting valve C are installed in parallel on the horizontal rod 26, and a grounding detector 39 is pivotally attached to a bracket 30 fixed to the horizontal rod 26 with a pin 38. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the pushing plate 39a of the grounding detector 39 is moved by the spring 40 to the respective spools via the pushing levers a ₁ and c ₁ of the switching valve A and the lifting valve C.
a ₂ and c ₂ are provided so that they can be pushed, and in this state, the pressurized air in the air reservoirs 2 and 2 is supplied to the lifting cylinder 22 via the lifting valve C, and the air pipe to the driving valve B is When the machine frame 1 is moved down to the position where the receiving plate 16 is grounded, the ground detector 3 is connected so as to release the pressurized air to the atmosphere.
9 allows the spring 40 to freely expand, so the push plate 39
a is separated from the spools a ₂ and c ₂ , and in this state, the pressure air remaining in the lifting cylinder 22 is released to the atmosphere from the lifting valve C, and the pressurized air in the air reservoirs 2 and 2 is released from the switching valve. Insertion valve B via A
It is configured to supply In addition, the code|symbol e is a roller.

Further, the driving valve B is attached to, for example, the guide tube 36 of the driving mechanism 11 as shown in FIG.
An elastic actuating piece f, such as a rubber plate, is fixed to the spool b of the driving valve B when the air blowing body 10 reaches a predetermined insertion depth. Although not shown in the drawings, the passage from the switching valve A to the striking piston 37 is closed. In addition, if the air jet valve D is attached to the guide cylinder 36 and the operating lever 43 provided near the driver's seat of the towing machine 4 is operated, the operating lever 42 is moved by the operating wire 44 to the spool d of the air jet valve D. Press and release the air jet valve D.
In order to open the ball d ₁ , the air tank 12
Pressure air from the passage g to the passage 1 of the air blowing body 10
0a, and is configured to be ejected from lower ejection holes 10b. Then, the receiving plate 16 has a first
As illustrated in FIG.
This hole 16a is closed with a resilient closing plate 45 such as a rubber plate attached above or below.
Since the air blowing body 10 is tightly fitted into the hole 45a, when the air blowing body 10 penetrates, it may collide with, for example, a pebble underground, and the air blowing body 10 may move slightly in the front-back or left-right direction. Even if it moves,
Since the air blowing body 10 does not come into contact with the large hole 16a of the receiving plate 16, its penetrating operation is performed smoothly, and due to the elasticity of the closing plate 45, the long air blowing body 10 closes the hole 45a. The lower part of the air blowing body 10 functions as a guide to be vertically inserted into the ground, and during the operation of penetrating into the ground, the air blowing body undergoes some movement as described above. However, the hole 45a is always in close contact with the air blowing body 10, and after penetrating to a predetermined depth, the pressurized air blowing body 10 and the surrounding ground are ejected from the blowing hole 10b of this air blowing body 10. The structure is such that it does not freely erupt to the ground surface through the small gap between the formed penetration hole.

and a lifting cylinder 46 and its piston 46
As another embodiment of the mounting method a, as shown in FIG. Bracket 5
The upper part of the cylinder 51 is pivotally connected to the piston 46a by a pin 52, and the head 23 is attached to the upper part of the piston 46a so as to be vertically adjustable.
Attach the head 23 and piston 46a to the cylinder body 51.
When the piston 46a is moved upward, the head 23 comes into contact with the upper bottom 51a of the cylinder 51, and the tilling mechanism I is configured to move upward through the head 23. When the lower end of the air blower 10 is at the grounding position, the stroke of the piston 46a is short enough to leave a gap a between the head 23 and the upper base 51a. Furthermore, in the air tank 12,
The weight 53 to increase the driving force is attached to the bolt 54.
...It is removably installed. Also, code 55
is a stand that supports the equipment frame 1, and the compressor 3 of the compressed air supply mechanism G controls the rotation of the PTO shaft 56 of the traction machine 4 using the universal joint shaft 57.
It is driven via an input shaft 58, pulleys 59 and 60, and a transmission mechanism 61.

When working, lift the lift arms 8, 8 and lift the device frame 1 to a height where at least the ground detector 39 is sufficiently far from the ground, and the spring 40 is released as shown in Fig. 12. Push plate 3
9a pushes the spool _c2 of the lifting valve C, the pressurized air in the air reservoirs 2, 2 is supplied to the lifting cylinder 22 via the lifting valve C, and the piston 22a protrudes to drive the tilling mechanism I. In order to lift it sufficiently, the air blowing body 10 will escape from underground. Further, as the tilling mechanism I moves upward, the spool b of the driving valve B is released from being pushed by the actuating piece f, but on the other hand, the spool a ₂ of the switching valve A is pushed by the actuating plate 39a. Therefore, the flow path of the pressurized air in the air reservoirs 2, 2 to the striking piston 37 is closed by the switching valve A, and the driving operation is stopped. Therefore, move the traction machine 4, align the air blower 10 above the desired tilling position, and operate the operating lever of the suspension mechanism of the traction machine 4 in the downward direction to move the lift arms 8, 8. If it rotates downward, the device frame 1 will also move downward, and the grounding detector 39 will first touch the ground, so as shown in FIG. 11, the spools _c2 , Since a ₂ is released from the pushing of the pushing plate 39a, the pressurized air in the lifting cylinder 22 is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust hole c ₃ of the lifting valve C, and the tilling mechanism is activated along with the retracting operation of the piston 22a. Since I also moves downward, the lower end of the air blower 10 immediately touches the ground.

Further, the pressurized air in the air reservoirs 2, 2 is supplied to the striking piston 37 of the striking mechanism via the switching valve A and the driving valve B, and the air blowing body 10 is struck to start the driving stroke. , the plowing platform will gradually be crushed and swelled. Then, the tilling mechanism I operates the vertical rail 1.
7, 17, and when the air blowing body 10 penetrates to a predetermined depth as shown in FIG. 9, the actuating valve f pushes the spool b of the driving valve B. Therefore, although not shown in the diagram, the switching valve A
Since the pressurized air flowing from the piston toward the striking piston 37 is closed, the retraction stroke is completed. If the operating operator operates the operating lever 43, the air jet valve D
is opened, and the pressurized air in the air tank 10 flows from the passage g into the passage 10a of the air blowing body 10, and is forcefully blown into the ground from the lower blowing holes 10b, causing the air to penetrate into the crushed plowing platform. It will be sufficiently swollen. Once the desired amount of pressurized air has been ejected into the ground, the user operates the operating lever of the lifting mechanism again to lift the equipment frame 1 and move to the next work location. It is. When the device frame 1 is lifted, the spool a ₂ of the pushing piece 30a is pushed open by the spool c ₂ of the lifting valve C as the grounding detector 39 is separated from the ground surface.
It must be adjusted so that it is performed at the same time as the push-release operation or earlier, so that the switching valve A closes the passage to the driving valve B before the lifting operation. In order to close the air blowing body 10
This prevents the danger of dry firing due to the supply of pressurized air to the striking piston 37 during lifting and pulling operations.

Incidentally, the above-mentioned driving mechanism 11, lifting mechanism 25, etc., other than the illustrated example, can sufficiently achieve the object of the present invention, and the switching valve A, driving valve B, lifting mechanism 25, etc. The upper valve C also has an air valve structure in which switching is performed directly by a grounding detector 39 as shown in the illustrated example, or an electromagnetically operated air valve is closed/closed by activating, for example, an electric switch by the grounding detector 39. It is also possible to have a structure in which

As mentioned above, the tiller expansion and softening device according to the present invention has the following features:
A tilling mechanism I that penetrates the air blowing body 10 into the ground and blows pressurized air into it, a pressurized air supply mechanism G that supplies pressurized air to this air blowing body 10, and a lifting mechanism H of the traction machine 4 that can be freely raised and lowered. Equipment frame 1 suspended from
and a guide mechanism S that guides the tilling mechanism I to the device frame 1 so as to be able to move vertically in a straight line, the cylinder and its piston move the lifting cylinder to the device frame. Since the tilling mechanism is configured to be supported at the upper end of the piston of this lifting cylinder, when the piston 22a is moved downward, the air blowing body 10 is linearly moved through the guide mechanism S. will be driven into the ground,
Moreover, the air blowing body 10 in the penetrating state has the piston 22a.
The air blowing body 10 can be smoothly driven in and pulled out without any lateral force acting on the air blowing body 10 since it is pulled out straight by the upward movement of the air blowing body 10.
Since the air blowing body 10 is held in an upwardly moved position with respect to the device frame 1 in this way, a height h that does not hinder the moving operation is ensured even if the amount of lift by the lifting mechanism H is small. Therefore, since the upper end of the piston 22a is not fixed to the tilling mechanism I but is configured to simply support the tilling mechanism I at this upper end, the penetration stroke of the air blower 10 The lifting amount can be divided into the lifting amount by the piston 22a and the lifting amount by the lifting mechanism H, and the stroke amount of the lifting cylinder 22 can be reduced, and the upper end of the piston is fixed to the tilling mechanism. The lifting cylinder 22 of the present invention can be made shorter and smaller than that of the previous invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are explanatory side views of a tiller expansion and softening device not according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 and subsequent figures show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an overall side view, and FIG. is a perspective view thereof, FIG. 6 is a plan view thereof, FIGS. 7 and 8 are side views of the tilling mechanism, FIG. 9 is a rear view of the tilling mechanism, and FIG. 10 is a cutaway side view of the main parts of the tilling mechanism. Figures 11 and 12 are control circuit diagrams of the tilling mechanism, Figure 13 is a perspective view of the vicinity of the receiving plate, and Figure 14 is a side view of the tilling mechanism in another embodiment of the lifting mechanism. be. Explanation of symbols, 1...Device machine frame, 1a...Horizontal rod part,
1b... Rear connection part, 2... Air reservoir, 3... Compressor, 4... Traction machine, 5... Lower link,
6...Top link, 7...Mast, 8...Lift arm, 9...Lift rod, 10...Air blower, 10a, g...Passway, 10b...Blowout hole,
11... driving mechanism, 12... air tank, 13,
18, 19...Mounting plate, 14...Slide boss,
16, 24...Socket plate, 16a...Hole, 17...Vertical rail, 20, 21, 30, 47, 50...Bracket, 22, 46...Lifting cylinder, 22a,
46a...Piston, 23...Head, 25...Lifting mechanism, 15, 26...Horizontal rod, 27...Horizontal frame, 28...Front and rear rail, 28a...Opening groove, 2
9...Roller, 31, 32, 34...Stay, 3
3, 35, 40... Spring, 36... Guide tube, 36
a...Inner hole, 37...Blow piston, 38,4
9, 52...Pin, 39...Earth detector, 39a
...Pushing plate, 41...Mounting bracket, 42...Driver's seat, 43...Operation lever, 45...Closing plate, 48
... Horizontal rod, 51 ... Cylinder, 53 ... Weight, 5
4...Bolt, 55...Stand, 56...
PTO axis, 57... Universal joint shaft, 58... Input shaft,
59, 60...Pulley, 61...Transmission mechanism, A
...Switching valve, a ₁ , c ₁ ... Push lever, a ₂ , c ₂ ,
b, d... Spool, B... Driving valve, C... Lifting valve, D... Air blowing valve, d ₁ ... Ball, e... Roller, f... Operating piece, G... Pressure air Supply mechanism, H...hanging mechanism, I...cultivation mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tillage mechanism that penetrates the air blowing body into the ground and blows pressurized air into it, a pressurized air supply mechanism that supplies pressurized air to the air blowing body, and a suspension structure that is suspended from the suspension mechanism of the traction machine so as to be able to rise and fall freely. In the tiller expansion device, which consists of a device frame that is attached to the device frame, and a guide mechanism that guides the tilling mechanism to the device frame so as to be able to move up and down in a straight line, a lifting cylinder is attached to the device frame, and the tiller A tiller expansion and softening device characterized in that the mechanism is configured to be supported at the upper end of the piston of the lifting cylinder.