JPS63131826A - Engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a compact pressure accumulating chamber for obviating the consumption of engine power by forming the pressure accumulating chamber along the outer wall of a body case such that air in the body case is sent into said chamber from a check valve. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder case 3 provided with a reciprocating piston 8 is rotatably supported by a body case 1. An intake-exhaust port 15 during rotation is adapted to sequentially circulated around and communicate to an exhaust hole 16, an intake hole 17 and a fuel injection hole 18. A pressure accumulating chamber 28 is formed along the outer wall of body case 1. Air in the body case 1 compressed by volume change in the body case 1 based on the reciprocation of a piston 8 is sent into said chamber 28 from a check valve 27 provided on the outer wall of body case 1. Compressed air in said chamber 28 is supercharged into a cylinder case 3. Thus, a compact pressure accumulating chamber can be provided and the consumption of engine power is obviated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a cylinder case having a reciprocating piston that is rotatably supported with respect to a main body case, and an intake/exhaust port formed on an end face of the cylinder case. As the piston rotates, the piston is sequentially communicated with the exhaust hole, intake hole, and fuel injection hole formed on the end face of the head portion of the main body case, and the piston is guided by the oval inner peripheral surface of the cam plate provided on the main body case. The present invention relates to an engine configured to convert explosive force within a cylinder case into rotational force of the cylinder case.

[Conventional technology]

An example of the engine is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 48-1044. This is a four-stroke engine that omit the connecting rod and crankshaft and directly convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the cylinder case, thereby reducing the overall size and weight of the engine.

In recent years, in order to further improve the output of the engine, research has been conducted to install a supercharger that forcibly feeds compressed air into the combustion chamber of the cylinder case.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The supercharger is an exhaust pressure type (so-called turbocharger) that uses engine exhaust energy to rotate an axial flow turbine to create compressed air, or a supercharger that uses power from the engine's output shaft to drive a near compressor to create compressed air. There are two types: mechanical (so-called supercharger).

In order to install the above-mentioned mechanical supercharger, a space for the near compressor is required, and installation is easy if there is relatively room in the engine room, such as in a general passenger car or work vehicle. However, it is difficult to attach it to small equipment such as walk-behind work machines. In addition, mechanical superchargers require power to drive the compressor, so they are suitable for relatively large displacement engines with some margin for output, and are suitable for use with small engines for small equipment as mentioned above. Not suitable for large displacement engines.

On the other hand, the exhaust pressure type uses the exhaust energy of combustion gas, so it does not require power for an axial flow turbine and can be installed in small displacement engines. Space issues remain for the flow turbine.

Here, the present invention focuses on the above-mentioned points and aims to obtain a compact supercharging structure that can be mounted on small equipment etc. by effectively utilizing the features of the engine with the snow-boiled configuration.

[Means for solving problems]

A feature of the present invention is that in a snow engine, a pressure accumulating chamber is formed along the outer wall of the main body case, and the air inside the main body case compressed by the volume change in the main body case based on the reciprocating motion of the piston is transferred to the outer wall of the main body case. The pressure accumulator is configured to be fed into the pressure accumulation chamber from a check valve provided in the pressure accumulation chamber, and the pressure accumulation chamber and the intake hole are connected in communication to supercharge the compressed air in the pressure accumulation chamber into the cylinder case. Its functions and effects are as follows.

[For production]

For example, if a pair of pistons are placed facing each other in a cylinder case in an engine such as a snowflake engine, both pistons move away from the center of rotation of the cylinder case during the intake and explosion processes, so during this process the main body case The air inside will be compressed. Then, the air compressed within the main body case is sent into the pressure accumulation chamber from the check valve on the outer wall of the main body case.

The pressure accumulation chamber is formed so as to surround the outer wall of the main body case, and the inner wall of the pressure accumulation chamber can also be used as the outer wall of the main body case, so that the pressure accumulation chamber is relatively compact. Then, the pulsation phenomenon of the compressed air sent from the main body case into the pressure accumulation chamber is relaxed in the pressure accumulation chamber, and the compressed air is sent into the cylinder case from the intake hole.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, without using a separate near compressor or axial turbine, the volume change inside the main body case due to the reciprocating movement of the piston can be used as a reciprocating pump, and the pulsation phenomenon associated with reciprocating pumps can be It was possible to form a compact pressure accumulation chamber that absorbs and alleviates the pressure, and the supercharging structure could be constructed compactly without consuming engine power due to supercharging.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall longitudinal side view of the engine, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show a longitudinal front view thereof. The main body case (1) of this engine is constructed in two halves, with a front case (1a) on the output side and a rear case (1b) on the head side bolted together. A cylinder case (3) is rotatably supported horizontally through bearings (2) and (2).

The cylinder case (3) has the bearing (2)
, (2), front and rear cylinder shaft cases (4),
(5) and an intermediate case (6) sandwiched and connected between them.
A penetrating cylinder having an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis (P+) of the cylinder case (3) is formed in the intermediate case (6). A pair of pistons (8) and (8) are fitted into the cylinder facing each other, and a bearing-type roller (
9) is rotatably supported via a piston pin (10).

The front and rear cases (la), (I
A cam plate (12) is fastened together between b),
The rollers (9), (9) of both the pistons (8), (8) are inscribed in the cam hole, which is an oval inner peripheral surface formed in the center of the cam plate (12), and the cylinder case ( 3), each piston (8) reciprocates twice for one rotation. Further, a guide portion (13) that protrudes in the axial direction of the rollers (9), (9) is provided on the inner circumference of the cam hole over the entire inner circumference of the cam hole.

On the other hand, a locking arm (7) is swingably supported and extended from the piston pin (10), and a bearing type roller (11) is provided at the swinging end of the locking arm (7). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide portion (13) is sandwiched between the rollers (9) and (11), and the piston (8) is inserted into the cam plate (12) during engine operation. This prevents it from separating from the inner peripheral surface of the cam hole.

The rear end surface of the cylinder is configured to slide in the axial direction of the cylinder case (3) with a head portion (14) formed at the center of the rear case (1b), and the rotation of the cylinder case (3) is formed on the rear end surface of the cylinder. One intake/exhaust port (15) eccentric to the driving wheel core (Pl) is formed. Further, on the sliding surface of the head portion (14), an exhaust hole (16), an intake hole (17), and a fuel injection hole (18) are formed with a predetermined angular phase along the moving direction of the intake and exhaust port (15). ) is provided, and as the cylinder case (3) rotates, the cylinder case (3)
The intake/exhaust port (15) of the head part (14) is the exhaust port (16) of the head part (14).
), are placed in the intake hole (17) and fuel injection hole (18) at appropriate timings, and perform four cycles of exhaust-intake-compression-explosion-expansion, so that the cylinder case (3) moves in a certain direction (A). It is designed to be driven in continuous rotation.

The rotational output of this cylinder case (3) is taken out from a PTO shaft (not shown) attached to a shaft end spline hole (20) attached to the outer end of the front cylinder shaft case (4). It has become.

In addition, a fan (21) is attached to the shaft end of the front cylinder shaft case (4), and a fan (21) is installed at the shaft end of the rear cylinder shaft case (5) to circulate outside air taken in through an opening (22) formed at the center of the rear part of the rear cylinder shaft case (5). After passing through the cooling air passage formed between the ribs (23),
A discharge port (25) provided on the front end circumference of the front cylinder shaft case (4)
) to cool the head portion (14) and cylinder case (3).

As shown in FIG. 1, a muffler (26) communicating with the exhaust hole (16) is connected to the outer side of the head portion (14), and a fuel injection device is installed inside the head portion (14). has been done. Next, to explain this fuel injection device in detail, as shown in FIG. 4, a plunger type pump casing (29) is embedded and fixed inside the head portion (14), and the fuel injection hole (18 ) is formed. A plunger (32) that is directly driven back and forth by the rotational force of the cylinder case (3) is fitted into the pump casing (29).

To explain the drive structure of the plunger (32) in detail, the governor case (3) has a rotating shaft located at the rotation axis (Pl) of the cylinder case (3) and a governor mechanism (to be described later).
0) is attached and inserted into the head part (14),
As the cylinder case (3) rotates, the governor case (30
) is also configured to rotate within the head portion (14). Then, a cylindrical cam (31) having a cam groove (31a) on the outer peripheral surface is connected to the governor case (30) with a spline structure.
), and this cylindrical cam (31) is attached to the plunger (
32) on the side surface, and the cam groove (3) of the cylindrical cam (31)
1a) by engaging the tip of the cam pin (19) of the plunger (32) to form a cam mechanism, the plunger (32) rotates once per rotation of the cylinder case (3).
It is configured to be driven back and forth.

More specifically, the plunger chamber (33) formed in the pump casing (29) has a plunger (
A group of small holes (34) that open when the valve (32) is retracted is formed, and this group of small holes (34) is connected to a passage (36) provided in the governor case (30) and a needle-type variable throttle valve ( 39).

Additionally, there is an air intake passage (
41) is also provided, and this air intake passage (41) is provided with a needle type on-off valve (42). Note that the on-off valve (42) is closed during normal operation.

Then, in the governor case (30), a rotation axis (P
A cylindrical fuel control valve (37) slidable in the +) direction is installed inside, and this fuel control valve (37) is slidably operated by a governor rod (45) via a governor spring (43). Fuel enters the governor case (30) through a flow path (40) that communicates with a fuel inlet (not shown) provided near the end of the head portion (14), and enters the fuel control valve (37).
) into the passageway (36) through a small hole (37a) provided in the hole (37a). The amount of fuel is adjusted by a fuel control valve (37) using a rotary speed control arm (46) connected to a speed control lever (not shown).
) to open the small hole (37a) of the fuel control valve (37).
The speed is set by the degree of communication opening between the annular groove (37b) and the passageway (36), which communicate with each other.

The fuel control valve (37) is configured to be controlled to move forward or backward by a mechanical governor. , a governor weight that generates a governor force that pushes in the direction of decreasing the opening (
44).

The governor weight (44) is attached to the cylinder case (3).
At the rear end, there is a recess (
48), and is pivotably supported on a bracket (47) fixed to the cylinder case (3). The arm (44a) connected from the governor weight (44) is brought into contact with the tip of the bushing rod (37c) attached to the fuel control valve (37), and the centrifugal force of the governor way I- (44) force) is transmitted to the fuel control valve (37).

Next, to explain the supercharging structure in detail, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a check valve-type suction valve (24) is attached to the rear case (1b) of the main body case (1), and the front case (1a ) is provided with a check valve type exhaust valve (27), and the front case (la
) A pressure accumulation chamber (28) is formed along the outer periphery. Due to the reciprocating movement of the piston (8) as the cylinder case (3) rotates, the inside of the main body case (1) has the function of a so-called reciprocating pump, and both pistons (8) move into the cylinder during the compression and exhaust strokes. The rotational axis of the case (3) (Pυ
When moving in the direction approaching , the negative pressure at that time closes the suction valve (2
4), outside air is drawn into the main body case (1). On the other hand, when both pistons (8) move in the direction away from the rotation axis (p+) during the intake and explosion strokes, the air inside the main body case (1) is compressed and the exhaust valve (27)
and is sent to the pressure accumulation chamber (28).

This pressure accumulation chamber (28) and an intake hole (17) provided in the head portion (24) are connected to each other via a supercharging pipe (35).

The entire engine is constructed as described above, and its operation will be described in detail next.

The cylinder case (3) is rotated clockwise in FIGS.
) overlaps with the exhaust hole (16), and both pistons (8) and (8) move close to perform exhaust, and then the intake and exhaust port (15) overlaps with the exhaust hole (17). The pistons (8) and (8) are moved apart by the centrifugal force and the guiding action of the guide part (13) while overlapping with each other, and the compressed air in the pressure accumulation chamber (28) is sent into the cylinder,
Next, move on to the compression process.

The plunger (32) of the fuel injection device is driven backward and forward once until the intake and compression strokes are completed. At that time, the plunger (32) retreats and the plunger chamber (33)
), air is rapidly sucked into the passage (
Fuel is sucked from the fuel control valve (37) by the negative pressure generated at (36) and mixed with the air while being atomized. When the engine is started, if the variable throttle valve (39) in the passage (38) is throttled, a large amount of fuel is sucked in by the negative pressure, so that a very fuel-rich mixture is formed. The air-fuel mixture thus formed flows into the plunger chamber (33) through the small holes (34), and atomization of the fuel is further promoted at this time. And the plunger (32)
A certain amount of the air-fuel mixture in the plunger chamber (33) is compressed by the forced advance, and becomes a high-pressure, high-temperature air-fuel mixture.

After this air-fuel mixture compression is completed, the intake/exhaust port (15) of the cylinder case (3), which has completed the intake compression stroke, becomes the injection hole (18).
The high-temperature, high-pressure air-fuel mixture in the plunger (32) is ejected into the high-temperature compressed air in the cylinder, and the explosion and expansion stroke begins. During this explosion expansion stroke, the plunger (
32) is held at the final advance (compression) position, and the combustion gas is maintained in a state where it is prevented from flowing into the plunger chamber (33).

Then, following the explosion and expansion strokes, the exhaust stroke begins, and this cycle is repeated thereafter. When the engine is stopped, the on-off valve (42) of the air intake passage (41)
), a large amount of outside air flows into the plunger chamber (33), forming a very thin mixture of fuel that cannot be ignited, making it possible to suddenly stop the engine.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the engine according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical side view of the entire engine, FIGS. 2 and 3 are vertical front views of the cylinder case in different rotational phases, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of the periphery of the head. (1)...Body case, (3)...Cylinder case, (8)...Piston, (12)
...Cam +i, (14) ...Head part, (15) ...Intake and exhaust port, (16) ...
・Exhaust hole, (17)...Intake hole, (18)...
...Fuel injection hole, (27) ...Check valve, (
28)...Accumulation chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Cylinder case (3) equipped with a reciprocating piston (8)
) is rotatably supported with respect to the main body case (1), and an intake/exhaust port (15
) in the main body case (1) as the head part (
Exhaust hole (16) and intake hole (17) formed on the end face of
) and the fuel injection hole (18), and the piston (8) is guided by the oval inner peripheral surface of a cam plate (12) provided in the main body case (1), and the cylinder case (3 ) is configured to convert explosive force within the cylinder case (3) into rotational force of the cylinder case (3), wherein a pressure accumulation chamber (28) is formed along the outer wall of the main body case (1), and the piston (8) Main body case (1) based on reciprocating motion
) is configured to send air in the main body case (1) compressed by a change in volume into the pressure accumulation chamber (28) from a check valve (27) provided on the outer wall of the main body case (1), The pressure accumulation chamber (28) and the intake hole (17) are connected in communication, and the compressed air in the pressure accumulation chamber (28) is transferred to the cylinder case (3).
An engine configured to be supercharged internally.