JPS6312033B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for moving a sliding roof of a freight car or the like. More specifically, when opening and closing the divided roofs by moving each divided roof over the other, the roof in the closed state can be easily pulled up and moved by operation on the roof or from the ground. The object of the present invention is to provide a roof sliding device that can be moved, fully open the moved roof, and rest in a fixed position on the other roof.

Conventionally, the roof sliding device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-17959, for example, does not have an auxiliary lifting force generating device such as a spring, so that the roof sliding device that is known in the art does not have a device that generates an auxiliary lifting force using a spring or the like. A large amount of force is required to pull up the end inclined rail, and when the roof is closed, the roof falls directly onto the roof rail at an accelerated rate, causing a large impact and resulting in a lack of operational safety. It was wanted.

Freight cars with sliding roofs are operated by a single worker from the long roof or from the ground, resisting the weight of the roof, so it is extremely important to create a mechanism that moves with as little force as possible. For this reason, in order to reduce the weight of the entire roof, this type of sliding roof has conventionally been made of light alloy or has a complicated device installed to enable the roof to be opened and closed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a sliding roof that has a simple structure that makes opening and closing operations easier, and that is not limited to light alloys but is made of other materials.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sliding roof that can be easily converted to either roof or ground operation depending on the working situation by simply replacing some parts. .

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a sliding roof that can stand still when one roof is fully opened by applying a novel twist to the slope rail at the end of the vehicle.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1a is an overall perspective view of a freight car with a roof sliding device operated on the roof, with each roof shown in a closed state. 1 is the car body, 2 is a side door, 3 is a roof that moves above the other roof to open and close, 4 is a long side provided on both sides of the roof 3, and 5 is a cross-sectional side installed in the upper center of the car body 1. The retainer connects the upper edges of the side structures on both sides of the vehicle body in an arch shape, and is located below the adjacent edges of the two roofs, maintaining the rigidity of the vehicle body 1 and draining rainwater from the gap between the adjacent edges of the roof. Prevents water from entering the vehicle. 6 is a footboard provided as necessary on the upper center surface of the roof 3, and 7 is a support arm, which is provided on the sloped surface on the outside of the long center of the vehicle body 4 on each roof, and is built into the support arm holder so that it can rotate freely. It is pivoted and has wheels at the tip. Reference numeral 8 denotes an operating handle that connects these left and right support arms 7 together, and the operator lifts and pulls it to rotate the support arms 7 and push and pull the roof to open and close it. A wheel 9 is supported by a bearing fixed to a sloped surface of the outer corner of the long roof 4 near the end of the car. A roof rail 10 is installed along the upper edge of the side structure of the vehicle body 1, and is sloped down at the end of the vehicle. Reference numeral 11 denotes a spring arm, which is pivotally attached to the long outer inclined surface of 4 with a pin, and has a wheel at its tip. A tension spring 12 is stretched between spring arms 11 provided nearby.
The mechanism is such that an acting force acts in a direction to push up the roof via wheels 19 riding on the roof rail 10. Details are as shown in Figure 2a.

FIG. 1b is an overall perspective view of a freight car with a roof sliding device operated from the ground, showing the same closed state as in FIG. 1a. The operating lever 8 that connects the supporting arms 7 is abolished, and instead an operating lever 13 for operating the supporting arms 7 from the ground is provided, and a connecting pull rod 14 is provided to connect these and transmit the operation. has the same structure as above.

In the states shown in a and b of FIG. 1, the support arm 7 is lying down, and on the other hand, the wheel 9 near the end of the vehicle has fallen into the slope of the roof rail 10, and the two spring arms 11 are also in tension. Since the roof 12 is stretched out and tilted in a V-shape, the long sides 4 on both sides of the roof sit directly on the roof rail 10 on the upper part of the vehicle body. Moreover, since it has a structure that meshes with the inner rising member of the roof rail 10, it prevents rainwater from entering the interior of the vehicle, and the roof does not move forward, backward, left or right.

Figure 2a shows the support arm 7 of the roof 3 in Figure 1a.
In the enlarged detailed view of the vicinity, 15 is a support arm holder fixed to the slanted outer surface of the long wheel 4, 16 is a pin with which the support arm 7 is rotatably pivoted to this wheel support arm holder 15;
17 is a wheel provided at the tip of the support arm 7, and 18 is a universal joint connecting the upper end of the support arm 7 and the operating handle 8, which transmits the operation of the operating handle 8 to the left and right supporting arms 7. Also, it absorbs the amount of displacement in the width direction of the vehicle body due to the rotation of the support arm.
19 is an auxiliary wheel provided at the tip of the spring arm 11;
Reference numeral 20 designates a spring arm support that is fixedly attached to the long 4 and supports the upper end of the spring arm 11.

Fig. 2b is an enlarged detailed view of the same state as Fig. 2a, and as in Fig. 2a, the entire roof is closed and seated as shown in Fig. 1b, so the spring arm 11 is in a V-shape. It is tilted, and the maximum tension force is generated in the tension spring 12.

FIG. 3a is an enlarged detailed view of the vicinity of the ends of the roof 3 and the upper part of the vehicle body 1 in FIG.
Reference numeral 2 designates a ramp following the preliminary ramp 21, 23 a recess provided in the horizontal path at the extreme end, and 24 a stopper protruding from the upper surface of the roof 3 when the other roof is fully opened.

Fig. 3b shows an enlarged detailed view of the same condition as Fig. 3a, equipped with the control lever 13 from the ground;
Reference numeral 5 denotes a lever holder, which supports the lever 13 for operation from the ground on the outer surface of the end of either the left or right side of the long 4 for rotation. 26 is pin-coupled to the upper part of the operating lever 13 by means of a latch, and is always inclined to rotate in the latching direction by means of a spring or the like. Reference numeral 27 denotes a latch receiver provided on the lever receiver 25. When the operating lever 13 is pushed counterclockwise in the drawing to raise the end of the roof 3 closer to the center of the vehicle body, the latch receiver 27 engages with the latch and moves the operating lever. to hold the roof in place. 2
Reference numeral 8 uses a release pull bar to remove the latch 26 from the latch receiver 27, so that the operating lever 13 can be rotated. 2
9 is a drive arm located on the other side of the operating lever 13 and pulls the support arm 7; 30 is a drive shaft that transmits the rotational force of the operating lever 13 to the drive arm 29; and 31 is a drive shaft 3.
0 and the drive arm 29 are rotatably supported on the other side of the long 4. The shape of the end of the roof rail 10 is exactly the same as in FIG. 3a.

In the configuration of the present invention described above, one roof 3 is raised from the closed state shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 to the state shown in FIG. 4, and then moved to the fully open position shown in FIG. When using the operating handle on the roof, the operator first pulls and moves the operating handle 8 on the roof to be opened, as shown in FIG. 4a. On the other hand, when operating the control lever on the ground, the worker pulls and moves the control lever 13 provided on the roof to be opened. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, in both cases, the support arm 7 rises and the roof near the center of the vehicle rises. This amount of rise is calculated by adding the distance between the center of the wheel 17 and the pin 16 of the wheel support arm 7 that has fallen down, and the dimension by which the wheel 17 rolls diagonally upward on the transverse slope of the roof rail 10. It is almost equal to the amount. Also, wheel 1
The amount of lateral displacement of the roof 7 is caused by the length of the support arm 7 rotated along the sloped surface of the long roof 4.

The raised roof is shown in partial cross-section in Figures 6a and 7a.
As shown in FIG. 3, the roof 3 is raised to a position where it does not come into contact with the closed roof and attached equipment shown in the dashed line shown in the figure and in FIGS. 6b and 7b, and the wheels 17 support the roof 3 and are movable on the roof rails 10 state. In this process, the spring arms 11 help the rotation of the support arms 7 by the tension of the tension springs 12, are pulled apart from each other via the auxiliary wheels 19, rotate and stand up, and serve to push up the roof. When the roof is raised, the auxiliary wheels 19 also do not come into contact with the closed roof and auxiliary equipment at all, as shown in FIG. Holding the position and moving upwardly away from the roof rail 10, the load on the roof is applied by the wheels 17. The relationship between the pushing force W per spring per spring and the spring tension P of the tension spring 12 during the roof rising process is as shown in Figure 8, and the tension spring 12 attenuates almost linearly as the roof rises. The tensile force P is converted into a substantially constant pushing force W by changing the lodging angle θ of the spring arm 11, and the force required to move the operating handle 8 against the weight of the roof is the same as that without this device. Approximately 1/2
It will be about 1/5. The lodging angle θ is preferably in the range of 20° to 65° as shown in the figure.

When the roof is closed, the wheels 9 fixed to the other end of the roof are located in the recesses 23 provided at the ends of the roof rails 10, as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b. When the support arm 7 rotates during the operation, the roof does not shift in the longitudinal direction during the rotation, and the roof completes its rise at a fixed position.

In the case of operation from the ground, the pivoted operating lever 13 is fixed in this position by the latch 26 biting into the latch receiver 27, and the supporting arm 7 is held via the connecting pull rod 14 connected to the upper end with a pin. do. The support arm 7 is held at a position slightly before the dead center even when the roof has been raised, and the connecting pull rod 14 is always subjected to force only in the direction of tension, which is the component of the weight of the roof. Even small objects can transmit force without buckling. When the release pull bar 28 is pulled to release the engagement between the latch 26 and the latch receiver 27 and the operating lever is returned to its original position, the support arm 7 is also returned to its original position, thereby lowering the supported roof.

On the other hand, when operating on a roof, the support arm 7 is moved directly by the operation handle 8, so the support arm rotates slightly past its dead center and is self-retaining, so that the operator can operate it while it is in the process of opening. It remains in that state even if you take your hand off the handle.

If the operating handle 8 or the operating lever 13 is further pulled from this state, the wheels 9 provided at the end of the roof near the vehicle end will escape from the recess 23 provided at the extreme end of the roof rail 10 and travel on a slightly horizontal path. After running up, ramp 2
2 and the preliminary slope 21, and reach the horizontal path of the roof rail 10, and move horizontally on the roof rail 10, supporting the four corners of the roof with the wheels 17 provided on the support arm 7 at the other end, and move horizontally on the roof rail 10. It is opened to the fully open state shown in the figure. In this process, another spring arm 11 located near the end wheel 9 acts in the same manner as described above, helping the wheel 9 to climb the inclined rail 10 against the weight of the roof. When the roof is fully opened, the wheels 17 located on the roof near the center of the vehicle body
is located on the preliminary ramp 21 as shown in FIG.
Further, since the end surface of the roof is in contact with the stopper 24, the roof is always pressed against the stopper by its own weight, and the roof can be prevented from escaping when left open.

When moving and closing the open roof,
In the case of operation on the roof, a worker who has climbed onto the closed roof pushes the operating handle 8 and moves the end wheel 9 down the inclined rail 22 of the roof rail 10 until it is located in the recess 23. This end of the roof then lowers to the closed position and stops against a stopper (not shown) provided on the upper part of the end wall of the vehicle body 1. When the operating handle 8 is pushed further from this state, the support arm 7 is rotated beyond its dead center, and the roof is lowered to a predetermined position and is seated horizontally on the roof rail 10 to be in the closed state.

In the case of ground operation, when a worker on the ground moves the operating lever 13 in the closing direction, the latch 26 provided on the upper part of the operating lever 13 remains engaged with the latch receiver 27 fixed to the long 4 and closes the roof. moves on the roof rail 10 and descends and stops at a predetermined position in the same manner as described above. In this state, when the release pull bar 28 provided on the operating lever 13 is pulled, the latch 26 is released from the latch receiver 27, and the operating lever 13 and the driving arm 2 on the other side
9 becomes free, and the support arm 7 connected to it via the connecting rod 14 collapses due to the weight of the roof, and this side of the roof also falls to a predetermined position, and the roof rail 1
0 and is in a closed state, and the operating lever 13 is approximately vertical. The operating lever 13 can also be constructed to be removable; in this case, the upper end and lower part of the lever can be separated, pushed into one body only when opening and closing the roof, and stored separately at all times. Furthermore, by making it removable, the operating lever 13 and the support arm 7 can be directly connected, and the connecting pull rod 14 can also be omitted.

In addition, in order to convert the operating handle on the roof to an operating lever from the ground, remove the pin 16 and remove the support arm 7,
The operating handle 8 is removed from the support arm rest together with the wheel 17, and the support arm 7 and the wheel 17 are fitted into the support arm rest 15 using the pin 16. In addition, a drive shaft 29 is inserted into the lever receivers 25 and 31 provided at the other end of the roof, and an operating lever 13 with a latch 26 and a release pull bar 28 is attached to one end, and a drive arm 29 is attached to the other end. , the upper ends of each of these and the support arm 7 are connected by a connecting pull rod 14. Furthermore, the footboards 6 on the roof are unnecessary when operating on the ground. On the other hand, if you want to convert a control lever from the ground to a control handle on the roof, you can do the reverse of the above steps. Easy to construct each time.

According to the present invention configured as detailed above,
A pair of spring arms that are tilted opposite each other near the front and back ends of both sides of the roof are pivoted freely with pins, and the springs are stretched between the spring arms to apply a tensile force, and then the roof is opened. When the roofs are moved past each other, they can be easily raised and pulled into a movable position either on the roof or manually from the ground. In addition, a preliminary slope with a gentle slope was provided in front of the sloped part of the car end of the roof rail, and a horizontal part was provided at the end of the slope, and a recess for locking the wheels was provided on the horizontal path, so that the end of the roof could Since a certain wheel is located in the recess when the roof is closed, even when the wheel support arm rotates during the first operation of raising the roof, the roof can complete the raising in the fixed position without shifting during the rotation. can.

In particular, the roof sliding device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate to open and close the roof, prevents impact from rapid falls, is not limited by the material of the roof, is economical, and is 1. The roof can be opened and closed with only 1/2 to 1/5 of the effort required, and it has a number of benefits such as being able to freely choose between operating on the ground or on the roof.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1a is a perspective view of a vehicle equipped with a roof sliding device operated from the roof, and FIG. 1b is a perspective view of a vehicle equipped with a roof sliding device operated from the ground. Figures 2a and 2b are enlarged detailed explanatory views of the roof sliding device provided at the end of one of the roofs near the center of the vehicle in Figures 1a and 1b, respectively, and Figures 3a and 2b are Figure 3b
1a and 1b are enlarged detailed explanatory views of the roof sliding device provided at the end of the vehicle body of one roof shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, respectively, and FIGS. 4a and 4b are respectively shown in FIG. 2a. 2b is a detailed explanatory view showing the state in which the roof slide device raises the roof, and FIGS. 5a and 5b are the same as FIGS. 1a and 1b, respectively.
6a is a partial enlarged detailed explanatory view showing a state in which one roof is in a closed state and the other roof is open to the upper side, FIG. 6a is in FIG. 2a, and FIG. Expanded cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the roof, support arms, and roof rails, Figure 7a
is in Fig. 2a, Fig. 7b is an enlarged sectional explanatory view showing the relationship between the roof, spring arm, and roof rail in Fig. 4a, and Fig. 8 is an explanatory enlarged cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the respective roofs, spring arms, and roof rails in Fig. 4a. It is a curve diagram shown for each lodging angle. 1... Vehicle body, 2... Side door, 3... Roof, 4...
long, 5...side support, 6...step board, 7...support arm, 8...operating handle, 9...wheel, 10...
... Roof rail, 11 ... Spring arm, 12 ... Tension spring, 13 ... Operation lever, 14 ... Connection draw rod, 1
5... Support arm rest, 16... Pin, 17... Wheel,
18...Universal joint, 19...Auxiliary wheel, 20...Spring arm rest, 21...Preliminary slope, 2
2... ramp, 23... recess, 24... stopper, 25, 31... operation lever receiver, 26... latch, 27... latch receiver, 28... release pull bar, 2
9... Drive arm, 30... Drive shaft.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each of the divided roofs is opened and closed by moving longitudinally on the roof rail, and when closed, the roof sits on the roof rail, and when opened, the roof reaches a height exceeding the top of the closed roof. In a sliding roof that can be opened alternately by being pulled up and then stacked above the closed roof, a pair of oppositely inclined spring arms are rotatably pivoted near the front and rear ends of both long sides of the roof, A roof sliding device characterized in that a spring is stretched between the spring arms to apply a tensile force. 2. A preliminary slope with a gentle slope is provided in front of the sloped part of the car end of the roof rail, and a horizontal path is provided at the end of the slope, and a recess for locking the wheels is provided on the horizontal path. The roof sliding device according to item 1.