JPS6310977Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention is a device that is attached to a differential mechanism attached to a transmission part for left and right drive wheels in a vehicle such as an automobile, and is optionally attached to a differential mechanism that This relates to a manual differential limiting device that stops the function of the

[Conventional technology]

LSD (Limited
Slip Differential) is a system that automatically restores torque transmission by actively generating frictional resistance and limiting differential function; however, this is a system that uses a friction mechanism to limit differential function. Therefore, there may be a lack of limiting ability when escaping from a rough road, etc., and this action may cause the brake to be applied when steering, causing sagging in the clutch and causing vibrations and noise. There was a problem.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the differential function was firmly stopped mechanically to increase the limiting capacity, and a manual operation mechanism was added to prevent malfunctions during steering, etc. Examples of the prior art have been proposed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 47-10658, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 55-34943, and Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-47124. However, in the previous two publications mentioned above, one of the axles of the left and right drive wheels is integrally connected to the differential case, which is integrated with the ring gear in the differential mechanism, by engagement of a clutch, and the differential pinion of the differential case and the side gear are connected to each other. The differential function is mechanically stopped, and the one disclosed in Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-47124 uses a multi-disc friction clutch as the clutch, making it easy to engage and release the clutch. It's becoming like that.

Furthermore, there are clutch mechanisms disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 45-23607 and Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 52-17706.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in the previous two of the above-mentioned prior art examples, a spline or a dog clutch, each having a structure in which mutually meshing teeth are opposed, is used as a clutch, so it is inevitable that the differential case and axle will be damaged. If there is a difference in rotational speed between the clutches, it is difficult to engage the clutches and therefore to release the differential function smoothly, and furthermore, the release action when disengaging the clutch and restoring the differential function is difficult for many of the clutches. There is a problem that it is difficult to do this because the teeth are tightly interlocked, and the one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 51-47124 has the advantage of solving the above problem, but it has a very complicated structure. Along with the increase in size,
A further problem with the mechanical operating mechanism is that it requires an additional mechanism to lock the clutch plate in a pressed state upon engagement.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and has the following configuration. That is, a spline-fitting dog clutch is provided between the differential case of the differential mechanism and one of the axles, and the dog clutch connects the differential case hub with splines on its inner periphery to the differential case side, and also has splines on its outer periphery. an axle shaft hub is spline-coupled on the inner periphery of the axle shaft hub adjacent to the hub, and spline teeth are provided on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub, and spline teeth are provided on the outer periphery of the differential case hub and the axle shaft hub. The sleeve has spline teeth on its inner periphery that mesh with the spline teeth on the outer periphery of both the differential case hub and the axle shaft hub when the sleeve is moved in the axial direction by an operating mechanism. The number of spline teeth on the inner periphery of the sleeve and the spline teeth on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub are set to be the same number as the number of spline teeth on the outer periphery. It is characterized in that the spline teeth and the spline teeth on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub are meshed with each other, with one tooth missing from each other.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In Figs. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a reduction gear at the final part of the transmission system that transmits power to the left and right drive wheels. In the carrier 2, a large diameter ring gear 4 with a large number of teeth is meshed with a drive pinion 3 on the engine side so as to change the direction and transmit the decelerated power in a direction perpendicular to the drive pinion 3, Such a ring gear 4 and axles 5, 5' to the left and right driving wheels at the center thereof.
A differential mechanism 6 is provided between the two.

In this differential mechanism 6, a differential case 7 is integrally assembled to the center of the ring gear 4.
A side gear 1 is provided in which a differential pinion 9 is rotated by a spider 8 and revolves together with a ring gear 4, and meshes with the left and right sides of the differential pinion 9.
0 and 10' are integrally spline-coupled to the axle shafts 5 and 5' in the rotational direction, respectively. The left and right boss portions 7a, 7b which are loosely fitted onto the axles 5, 5' of the differential case 7 are rotatably supported by a bearing 12 between a bearing receiver 11 assembled to the axle outlet on the carrier 2 side, In this case, one boss portion 7a of the differential case 7 is extended to the outside of the carrier 2, and a differential limiting device 13 according to the present invention is installed between it and the axle 5.

The differential limiting device 13 includes a spline-fitting type dog clutch 15 provided between the differential case boss portion 7a and the axle 5 in a cover 14 that is fastened together with the bearing receiver 11 on the carrier 2 side. and an operating mechanism 16 for the clutch 15.

The meshing clutch 15 is connected to the differential case boss portion 7a.
A differential case hub 17 is integrally spline-coupled in the rotational direction on the outer periphery of the hub 17, and an axle shaft hub 18 is similarly spline-coupled on the outer periphery of the axle shaft 5 side adjacent to this hub 17. A sleeve 19 is spline-fitted to the outer periphery between the shaft hub 17 and the axle shaft hub 18 so as to move in the axial direction and mesh with one or both of them. Here, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the differential case hub 17 has regular spline teeth 17a, whereas the sleeve 1
9 teeth 19a are formed every other tooth and have half the number of teeth, and the teeth 18 of the axle shaft hub 18
A is also formed every other tooth, reducing the number of teeth to half.

The operating mechanism 16 is connected to a sleeve 19 within the cover 14.
A shifter shaft 20 is rotatably mounted nearby, and one end of the shifter shaft 20 projects outside the cover 14 and has a lever 21 to which a wire or the like from the driver's seat is connected. Furthermore, a bifurcated shifter oak 23 is fixed to the shifter shaft 20 within the cover 14 by a pin 22, and claws 24 at both ends of the shifter oak 23 engage grooves 19b of the sleeve 19 from both sides, causing the shifter oak 23 to swing. The sleeve 19 is moved in the axial direction by the movement. In the swinging region in the middle of the shifter oak 23, there is a positioning means 25 for regulating the movement position of the sleeve 19 along with the swinging, and a positioning means 25 for detecting the movement of the sleeve 19 and informing the driver that the differential limiting operation has been performed. Switch means 26 are provided for notifying the user.

Since the present invention is constructed in this manner, the sleeve 19 only engages with the differential case hub 17 side as shown in FIG. 1 without the lever 21 of the operating mechanism 16 being operated, and the engagement clutch 15 is in the released state. , the differential case 7 and axle 5 of the differential mechanism 6 are separated and can rotate independently. Therefore, from the drive pinion 3 to the ring gear 4,
When power is transmitted from the differential pinion 9, which revolves around the ring gear 4 while rotating, and further from the left and right side gears 10, 10' to the left and right drive wheels via the axles 5, 5', the above-mentioned elements are not restrained. Therefore, during steering, as the resistance of the inner drive wheel increases, its rotation decreases, and conversely, the rotation of the outer drive wheel increases, thereby exerting the differential function.

By the way, if one of the drive wheels falls into mud, etc., the resistance of the drive wheel on which it fell is small, so power is not transmitted to the other drive wheel due to the above-mentioned differential function, and the vehicle may not be able to escape from the mud. . At this time, when the lever 21 of the operating mechanism 16 is rotated to the left in FIG. Move to the right direction and axle shaft hub 18
Then, the dog clutch 15 engages and the differential case 7 is integrally connected to the axle 5.

When the sleeve 19 is engaged with the axle shaft hub 18, the sleeve 19
, the tooth 19a is the third tooth on the differential case hub 17 side.
As shown in Figure a, since every other tooth 17a meshes, the frictional resistance is small and the sleeve
has a large diameter and the meshing force of these teeth 19a, 17a is small, making it easy to move, and furthermore, the sleeve 1
9 and teeth 19a, 1 of the axle shaft hub 18
8a, there is a distance α between them in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 3b, so that the chance of meshing increases, and therefore, they mesh reliably without causing mismatching.

When the differential case 7 and the axle 5 are thus integrated by the engagement of the dog clutch 15, the differential mechanism 6
The differential pinion 9 and side gears 10, 1 in
0' is restricted and the ring gear 4
Both axles 5 and 5' now rotate at a constant speed,
This allows you to escape from the mud.

After escaping from the rough road, the lever 21 is returned to its original position by the driver's operation.
8a are tightly meshed, but since the number of meshing teeth 19a and 18a is small, the frictional resistance between them is small, and since the sleeve 19 has a large diameter, the meshing force between teeth 19a and 18a is small. The differential case 7 and the differential case hub 17, the differential case hub 17 and the sleeve 19, and the axle shaft hub 18 and the axle 5 are all spline-fitted and there is a clearance between them, and the accumulation of these allows the axle to be connected directly to the differential case. Since the sleeve 19 is larger than the spline-coupled prior art example, the sleeve 19 is easily movable.
Therefore, the shifter oak 23 and the sleeve 19 are easily returned by the return operation of the lever 21, the differential limiting action is released, and the original state is restored.

[Effect of idea]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the clutch that performs the action of limiting and releasing the differential is a spline-fitting type dog clutch 15, and the movement of the large-diameter sleeve 19 causes the teeth of
9a, the teeth 17a of the differential case 17, and the teeth 18a of the axle shaft hub 18, a small number of teeth are engaged and disengaged, so the operating force is small and the operation is reliable.

Furthermore, since the distance between the teeth 19a and 18a of the sleeve 19 and the axle shaft hub 18 in the circumferential direction is large, the chances of these teeth meshing are increased, and the teeth can be reliably meshed without causing mismatching, and the differential can be operated. Functions can be easily stopped.

Furthermore, since the differential case hub 17 and the axle shaft hub 18 are connected to the differential case 7 and the axle 5 by splines, engagement and disengagement can be easily performed, resulting in good operability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along the line shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of a dog clutch portion. 5, 5'...Axle, 6...Differential mechanism, 7...Differential case, 15...Matching clutch, 16...Operation mechanism, 17...Differential case hub, 17a...Teeth of differential case hub, 18... Axle shaft hub, 18a...Axle shaft hub tooth, 19
... Sleeve, 19a ... Teeth of sleeve.

Claims (1)

[Claim for Utility Model Registration] A spline-fitting dog clutch is provided between the differential case of the differential mechanism and one axle, and the dog clutch has a differential case hub connected to the spline on the inner periphery of the differential case. The axle shaft hub is spline-coupled on the inner periphery and spline teeth on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub adjacent to the hub, and spline teeth are provided on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub. A sleeve is provided on the outer circumferential side of the shaft hub and is moved in the axial direction by an operating mechanism, so that the sleeve has spline teeth on the inner circumference that mesh with the spline teeth on the outer circumference of either the differential case hub or the axle shaft hub. wherein the number of spline teeth on the inner circumference of the sleeve and the spline teeth on the outer circumference of the axle shaft hub are the same as the number of spline teeth on the outer circumference of the differential case hub, and one tooth is missing from each other, A manual differential limiting device characterized in that the spline teeth on the inner periphery of the sleeve and the spline teeth on the outer periphery of the axle shaft hub are meshed with each other, with one tooth missing from each other.