JPS63107676A - Water filter device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a water filter device used as a light-transmitting outer wall of a plant room, a light-transmitting window in a general building, and the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, the outer wall of a plant room used for growing plants, for example, has been made of transparent plate glass or a transparent synthetic resin sheet because it is necessary to let sunlight into the room.

In addition, transparent plate glass is used in the windows of general buildings such as buildings for purposes such as lighting and viewing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, since transparent glass and transparent synthetic resin sheets have a high transmittance for infrared rays, which are a source of thermal energy in sunlight, they have the following problems. Ta.

In other words, in the case of a plant room, it is preferable to keep the indoor temperature as constant as possible for the growth of plants, but when sunlight is strong, such as in the summer, the indoor temperature may rise above the necessary level due to the thermal energy of infrared rays transmitted through the plate glass. Conventionally, in order to suppress this temperature rise, measures such as installing a separate air conditioner or sprinkling water have been taken, resulting in the problem of excessive maintenance and cost. There was a point.

Furthermore, in the case of general buildings such as buildings, there is a problem in that the indoor temperature rises due to strong sunlight and the cooling efficiency deteriorates. Although this problem can be solved by using blinds, curtains, etc., another problem arises in that blinds and the like prevent light from entering the room.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems, and in order to achieve this purpose, in the present invention, two A colorless or colored liquid having an infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more is sealed between two transparent plates.

(Function) Therefore, in the water filter device of the present invention, as described above,
A colorless or colored transparent liquid that has the effect of absorbing infrared rays of a certain wavelength or more is sealed between two transparent plates placed opposite each other. It is possible to restrict the transmission of infrared rays of a certain wavelength or more with almost no damage. Therefore, for example, if the water filter device of the present invention is used as a transparent wall in a plant room, it will improve the lighting and the carbon assimilation effect of plants. Of the infrared rays used as a thermal energy source, the transmission of infrared rays having a certain wavelength or more can be cut, without substantially impairing the transmission of necessary visible light, and it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the plant room.

Moreover, even if the liquid is contained in a sealed state, the thermal expansion of the liquid is absorbed by the bending action of both transparent plates, so that both transparent bodies will not be damaged.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the configuration of the first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The water filter device Aa of this embodiment includes two transparent plates 1.
It is composed of a space forming frame 3, a spacer 4, and a liquid 5 having an infrared absorbing effect.

In this embodiment, the transparent plate 1.2 is a 3 m x 3 m glass plate, with the outer transparent plate 1 having a thickness of 5 mm and the inner transparent plate 2 having a thickness of 3II11.

The interval forming frame 3 separates both the transparent plates 1.2 at a constant interval a.
It is a frame body that faces each other in a state where two transparent plates 1.
It is provided in a state where it is sandwiched between the outer peripheral edges of the two.

In this embodiment, a glass plate having a thickness of 5 m is used as the space forming frame 3, so that the distance a between the two transparent plates 1.2 is 5 mm.

The space between the two transparent bodies 1, 2 and the spacer forming frame 3 is sealed with a water-resistant adhesive, and the liquid 5 is contained in the space a in a sealed state.

The spacer 4 is used to prevent the distance a between the transparent plates 1.2 from narrowing or coming into close contact with each other due to bending of the transparent plates 1.2, and in this embodiment, the spacer 4 is cylindrical. The required vertical and horizontal spacing between both transparent plates 1 and 2 (approximately 40 cm)
A plurality of them are interposed in a dispersed state with a certain distance between them, and only one side of them is connected to one transparent plate l.

The liquid 5 having an infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more is
It is a liquid that can block the transmission of infrared rays of a certain wavelength or more without impairing the transmission of visible light of a certain wavelength or less.
) is used, and if necessary, antifreeze agents, algaecides, etc. are added.

The water used as the basic base is pure water that does not contain impurities and is boiled several times or sterilized and degassed using a vacuum degassing method or the like. This is because the water used contains air and impurities.

This is done to prevent air bubbles from forming and clouding on the inner surfaces of the transparent plates 1 and 2 during use.

In addition, antifreeze additives are added to prevent water from freezing depending on the location and region of use, and antifreeze agents include ethylene glycol and sodium chloride. , magnesium chloride, etc.

In addition, the algae preventive agent as an additive is
0□) and algae generated by light reception, the transparent plate 1.
It is added to prevent the inner surface of the container from becoming cloudy.In addition to general algaecides such as sodium nitride and potassium cyanide, which are respiration inhibitors, this algae preventive agent also includes respiration inhibitors such as sodium nitride and potassium cyanide. There are copper ions, such as copper cyanide, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, and copper sulfate, which are inhibitors and have near-infrared absorbing properties, and the amount added may be about 1% of the amount of water.

In addition, when using the latter copper ion as an algaecide, since the inner surface of the transparent plate 1.2 becomes cloudy due to copper precipitation, a precipitation inhibitor is separately added to prevent this. As this precipitation inhibitor, cyanic acid is used in the case of copper cyanide, hydrochloric acid is used in the case of cuprous chloride and cupric chloride, and sulfuric acid is used in the case of copper sulfate. % is sufficient.

Furthermore, Figure 2 shows the transmission spectrum characteristics of light (infrared rays) in water (10 cm) obtained through experiments. The case where 1% of algae agent (copper cyanide) is added is shown.

As is clear from this characteristic diagram, in the case of only water, the light transmittance is almost 100% at least in the wavelength range of visible light (0.35 to 0.8 JL);
．． The light transmittance decreases (or fluctuates) as the wavelength increases from around 9p, and no light is transmitted at all when the wavelength is around 1.4p.

Therefore, by using only water as the liquid 5, the transmission of visible light, which is necessary for sunlight and carbon assimilation by plants, is hardly impaired, and water becomes a source of thermal energy1,4.
Transmission of infrared rays higher than IL can be cut, and temperature rise inside the plant room can be suppressed.

Next, when an algaecide (copper cyanide) is added to water (H, O), the wavelength of visible light (0,35 p
~0.9L), the light transmittance is almost 100% in the range from 0.35W to 0.6JL.

When the wavelength becomes longer than 0.6p, the light transmittance decreases rapidly, and around o and 9JL, no light is transmitted at all. Therefore, as liquid 5, 1% algaecide (copper cyanide) is added to water (H
By adding 2O), the transmittance of some long wavelengths (0,6JL~o,ap) of visible light increases from 0 to 20%.
It decreases by 0.9! Since the transmission of the above infrared rays is cut, the transmittance of visible light is somewhat lower than in the case of only water, but the wavelength range in which infrared rays, which are a source of thermal energy, can be cut is greatly expanded, so it can be used in plants indoors, etc. The effect of suppressing temperature rise increases. According to experimental results, in the case of sunlight, the thermal energy is reduced to 25%.

The illuminance passage rate at this time was 85%.

As explained above, the water filter device H of the first embodiment
In Aa, a transparent liquid 5 based on water (H, O) is used to absorb infrared rays as a thermal energy source without impairing the transmission of visible light necessary for sunlight and carbon assimilation by plants. It is possible to cut off the transmission of infrared rays with a certain wavelength or less, and it is possible to suppress the rise in temperature inside the plant room.

Moreover, even if the liquid 5 is contained in a sealed state, both transparent plates 1.2
Since the thermal expansion of the liquid 5 (approximately 3% expansion when the liquid temperature is 70° C.) is absorbed by the bending action of the transparent plates 1 and 2, both transparent plates 1 and 2 will not be damaged.

Further, by interposing the spacer 4 between both transparent plates 1.2, the inconvenience caused when the water filter device Aa is used in a vertically erected state can be eliminated.

That is, if the length in the vertical direction of the water filter device Aa is short, there is no problem, but if it is long, the water pressure difference between the liquid 5 at the upper and lower portions of the water filter device Aa is large, and both transparent plates 1
, 2 also increases, so the gap a between both transparent plates 1 and 2 expands in the lower part of the water filter device Aa, and conversely contracts in the upper part, so that the inner surfaces of both transparent plates 1 and 2 come into close contact with each other. As a result, not only will the infrared absorption effect of the liquid 5 disappear in the upper part, but also the transparent plate 1.2 may be damaged due to high water pressure and large deformation of the transparent plate 1.2 in the lower part. If a plurality of cylindrical spacing bodies 4 are dispersed and interposed between the plates 1 and 2 at the required vertical and horizontal spacing, changes in the spacing a will be restricted and the liquid 5 will flow downward. Since movement is prevented, damage to the transparent plate 1.2 can be prevented, and changes in the thickness of the liquid 5 can also be restricted.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 will be described.

The water filter device Ab of this second embodiment is an example in which a heat insulating space layer B is added to the water filter device Ab of the first embodiment.

That is, this heat-insulating space layer B is formed between the inner transparent plate 2 and the transparent plate 20 further formed on the outer surface thereof, and
The heat insulating space layer B is formed in a sealed manner by the spacer forming frame 30.

Furthermore, a plurality of cylindrical spacing bodies 40 are interposed between the transparent plates 2 and 20 and are dispersed at required vertical and horizontal intervals.

Note that the inside of the heat insulating space layer B may be filled with air or kept in a vacuum state, and when air is filled, dry air is used to prevent the inner surface of the transparent plate 2.20 from fogging up with water vapor. .

In this embodiment, the thickness of the heat insulating space layer B is 5H, and the transparent plate 20 is made of plate glass with a thickness of 5cm.

Therefore, in this second embodiment, even if the temperature of the liquid 5 rises due to the infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more, the presence of the heat insulating space layer B prevents the transfer of heat in the direction of the heat insulating space layer B. Therefore, if this heat-insulating space layer B side is used as the indoor side, the indoor temperature rise suppressing effect is further improved.

Note that the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, so the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and explanations thereof will be omitted.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described.

The water filter device Ac of this third embodiment is an example in which the heat insulating space layer B shown in the second embodiment is formed double.

Note that the other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, so the same reference numerals are given in one drawing and the explanation will be omitted.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention may be modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. included.

For example, in the embodiment, a case is shown in which plate glass is used as each transparent plate 1, 2, 20, but the invention is not limited to this, transparent synthetic resin plates such as transparent PVC or polycarbonate may be used, and plate glass and synthetic resin may also be used. It may also be combined with a board.

Moreover, each transparent plate 1, 2, 20. The distance a and the thickness of the heat insulating space layer B are arbitrary and determined individually depending on the application.

In addition, although it is assumed that the spacing bodies 4, 40 are connected only on one side to one transparent plate, they may be connected on both sides, and their shape and size are arbitrary.・It may be in the form of a partition plate that is divided horizontally.

Further, as the liquid 5 having an infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more, although water is used as a basic base in this example, it is not limited to this, and other materials such as carbon tetrachloride or glycerin may also be used. In short, any liquid may be used as long as it has an infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more.

In addition, in this embodiment, water filter devices Aa, Ab, Ac
Although we have shown cases in which it is used as the outer wall of a plant room or the window of a general building, it is not limited to this, and can also be used as a translucent outer wall of a sunroom, a shop window, a greenhouse, an outer wall material for Phytron, Window materials for plant breeding plants in the desert 2
Its applications are extremely wide, including window materials for vehicles, sunglasses, and heat shields for work use.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, in the water filter device of the present invention, as described above, the infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more is produced between the two transparent plates provided facing each other. The transparent liquid has a structure in which a colorless or colored transparent liquid is housed in a sealed state, so this transparent liquid can restrict the transmission of infrared rays of a certain wavelength or more without almost impairing the transmittance of light. 1. For example, if the water filter device of the present invention is used as a transparent wall in a plant room, it will hardly impair the transmission of visible light necessary for lighting and carbon assimilation by plants.
Of the infrared rays used as a thermal energy source, transmission of infrared rays having a certain wavelength or more can be blocked, and the effect of suppressing the temperature rise inside the plant room can be obtained.

Moreover, even if the liquid is contained in a sealed state, the thermal expansion of the liquid is absorbed by the bending action of both transparent plates, so that both transparent bodies will not be damaged.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing a water filter device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram of light transmission spectrum characteristics, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the same IT embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the third embodiment. 1.2-See Transparent Plate 5--Liquid Patent Applicant Fukunichi Labochik NNN2 21 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 November 30, 1988

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A water filter device characterized in that a colorless or colored liquid having an infrared absorption effect of a certain wavelength or more is sealed between two transparent plates arranged opposite each other.