JPS63106455A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent occurrence of noise and vibration, by interposing rotors between an inclined circumferential groove of an input shaft and a continuous waveform groove. CONSTITUTION:A fixed outer shell member 5 with continuous waveform groove having the same amplitude as an inclined circumferential groove 2 defined on its inner circumferential surface is disposed at outer circumference about an input shaft 1 having the oval, annular and inclined circumferential groove 2 defined on its outer circumference. Rotors 7 between the inclined circumferential groove 2 and the continuous waveform groove 6 is connected to an output shaft 3. With the arrangement, the rolling effect of the rotors 7 prevents occurrence of noise, slip, backlash or the like, whereby power can be transmitted correctly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a speed reduction device used as a power transmission mechanism for various industrial equipment, electrical equipment, and other devices.

(Prior art) Conventionally, there have been various types of speed reduction devices.
Among these, reduction gears that utilize a meshing gear mechanism are widely used, but all of them provide a difference in the number of teeth between the input and output, and derive a reduction ratio based on the difference in the number of teeth. It is configured to do so.

For example, an internal planetary gear mechanism as shown in Fig. 1δ has been adopted as a speed reduction device that can reduce the size of the entire device and obtain a large speed reduction ratio.

In this device, a crankshaft C is arranged at a position eccentric from the center 0 of a fixed sun gear A, a planetary gear is fitted to this crankshaft C via a bearing B, and a part of the planetary gear is fitted. is meshed with the fixed gear A, the number of teeth of the fixed sun gear A is S, the number of teeth of the planetary gear is p, and the angular velocities of the crankshaft C and the planetary gear are respectively ω3. In the case of ω2, if ωl/ωt=1−s/p=−(s−p)/p=1, the rotation direction is opposite and the maximum reduction ratio can be obtained.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, with such a structure, not only vibration and noise are generated due to eccentric rotational movement on the input shaft side, but also it is not suitable for high-speed rotation. Since the input and output shafts rotate in opposite directions, if multiple reduction gears are connected to further increase the reduction ratio, the final output side may rotate in different directions, causing problems. .

Furthermore, since the structure is such that when a rotational force is applied to the output shaft side, the rotational force is transmitted to the input shaft side, a braking mechanism is required on the output shaft side and it has a resistance radius, so there is no stress on the input shaft. This will reduce efficiency.

In addition, in a reduction gear device that uses a meshing gear mechanism, the teeth must be formed into an involute curve in order for the gears to mesh accurately and transmit power smoothly. When forming the tooth pressure angle,
Tooth length, tooth root text, total tooth length, apical clearance, shaft angle, outer end cone distance, pitch diameter, pitch cone angle, outer end tip circle diameter, inner end tip circle diameter, distance from cone apex It is necessary to form with high precision in all aspects such as outer end dimensions, and even if any one of these elements is missing, teeth ringing, vibration, interdental friction,
Tooth surface slip and backlash occur, and the occurrence of backlash is particularly fatal in reduction gears.

Furthermore, even if it is possible to match the involute curves of the gears to be meshed, it is extremely difficult to construct a highly accurate reduction gear with these gears, so the accuracy tolerance must be certified in advance. is the current situation.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems and provide a speed reduction device that has a simple structure, eliminates vibrations, noise, slips, backlash, etc., and enables accurate and smooth power transmission. It is something to do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the speed reduction device of the present invention has an input shaft provided with an elliptical annular inclined circumferential groove on its outer circumferential surface. A fixed outer shell body is provided with continuous wavy grooves having the same amplitude as the slanted circumferential grooves on the inner peripheral surface, and a rotor is fitted between these slanted circumferential grooves and the continuous wavy grooves. It is characterized by being connected to the output shaft.

(Function) When the input shaft rotates, the rotor connected to the output shaft moves along the inclined circumferential groove of the input shaft and is forcibly guided by the inclined circumferential groove, reciprocating back and forth in a direction parallel to the input shaft. perform a movement.

Further, the free movement of the rotor relative to the outside world is controlled by the continuous wave-shaped grooves of the fixed outer shell, and therefore, the rotor, which rolls on the inclined circumferential groove of the input shaft due to the rotation of the input shaft, It rotates along the continuous wave-shaped groove of the body, moves in the circumferential direction, and transmits the amount of movement to the output shaft.

At this time, when the input shaft rotates half a rotation, the rotor moves in the front-rear direction by the amplitude of the inclined circumferential groove that changes with the rotation of the input shaft, and this amount of movement corresponds to one corrugated groove of the fixed outer shell. This is the distance from the crest to the trough or from the trough to the crest of the groove, and one revolution of the input shaft passes through one wave-shaped groove.

Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft with a reduction ratio corresponding to the number of continuous wave-shaped grooves of the fixed outer shell.

In this way, the continuous wave-shaped grooves of the fixed outer shell correspond to conventional internal gears, and the rolling effect of the rotor, which is interposed between the continuous wave-shaped grooves and the inclined circumferential groove of the input shaft, reduces noise, vibration, and even slip. This eliminates the occurrence of backlash, etc., and enables accurate and smooth power transmission.

(Embodiment) To explain an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings, (1) is an input shaft, the central part of which is formed into a large diameter part (1a), and the large diameter part (1a) has a circumferential direction. Oval annular inclined circumferential groove (
2) is engraved.

The inclined circumferential groove (2) is formed into a concave arc-shaped surface with a smooth cross section, and the radius from the center line of the input shaft (1) is the same over the entire circumferential surface.

(3) is the output shaft, which has a horizontal support hole (3a) drilled at the center of its rear end with an appropriate depth from the rear end surface.
3a), a small diameter shaft portion (1b) protruding from the center of the front end of the input shaft (1) is rotatably supported via a bearing (4). Further, a circular flange portion (3b) is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the output shaft (3) in the outer radial direction.

(5) is an annular or short cylindrical fixed outer shell disposed concentrically around the input shaft (1),
A continuous wave-shaped groove (6) having a cross section of the groove surface on its inner circumferential surface having the same curved surface as the concave arc-shaped surface of the inclined circumferential groove (2) of the input shaft (1).
are carved endlessly in the circumferential direction.

This continuous wave-shaped groove (6) is a sloped circumferential groove (2) of the input shaft (1).
), and when the input shaft (1) rotates, the inclined circumferential groove (2) provided on the circumferential surface of the input shaft (1) changes according to the degree of inclination. Although it fluctuates in the front-back direction during a constant amplitude, it is continuously formed in a zigzag shape in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the fixed outer shell (5) with the same center white as during this amplitude. Furthermore, this continuous wave groove (6)
The convex curved part toward the front is the mountain part (6a)
The convexly curved portion toward the rear is called the valley (6b
), a plurality of wavy grooves consisting of one peak (6a) and one trough (6b) are continuous on the same circumference, and each of these wavy grooves (6,) (6ri...(6
N) are all formed in the same shape.

(7) is a plurality of grooves fitted between the inclined circumferential groove (2) of the input shaft (1) and the corrugated groove of the fixed outer shell (6) corresponding to the vertical surface of the inclined circumferential groove (2). The rotor is formed in the shape of a sphere with both front and rear ends removed, and its outer circumferential arc surface is brought into close contact with the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wave-shaped groove (6).

A support shaft (8) parallel to the input shaft (1) is inserted through the center of these rotors (7), and the rotor (η) is rotatable around this support shaft (8) and It is provided so as to be slidable back and forth in the length direction of the support shaft (8).

Both front and rear ends of each support shaft (8) have bearings (9) attached to the circular flange (3b) of the output shaft (3) and the input shaft (1).
Fixed to the outer periphery of the circular support plate αφ supported through the
It is supported.

αυA is a front and rear case body arranged so as to sandwich the front and rear surfaces of the fixed outer shell body (6), and the output shaft (3) and the input shaft (2
) are attached via bearings Q3) and Q4) to the outer circumferential surfaces of the case bodies αυ and fixed outer shell bodies (6), respectively, and these front and rear case bodies αυ (b) and fixed outer shell body (6) are fixed together by one bolt body α. It is.

The operation of the speed reduction device according to the embodiment constructed as described above will be described below.

Now, as shown in Figure 4, remove the fixed outer shell (5),
When the input shaft (1) is rotated with the support shaft (8) of the rotor (7) fixed at a fixed position, the input shaft (1)
The inclined circumferential groove (2) provided around the large diameter portion (1a) of the input shaft (
The rotor (7) fitted in the inclined circumferential groove (2) of 1) reciprocates in the front and back direction guided by the inclined circumferential groove (2), and also moves in the opposite direction to the input shaft (1). Perform rotation.

To describe the movement of the rotor (7) in more detail, the lower part of the inclined circumferential groove (2) is located at the frontmost end, and the lower part is located at the rearmost end, and the rotor +7 is located on this groove part. ) (7) is positioned (Fig. 4), if the input shaft (1) is rotated 90 degrees in the direction of the arrow, the lower part of the inclined circumferential groove (2) will open as shown in Fig. 5. fluctuates rearward by a distance of half the amplitude, and accordingly, the upper and lower rotors (7) (
7) rotates on the inclined circumferential groove (2) while rotating the support shaft (81(
81 with the same amplitude width (L/2).

Furthermore, if the input shaft (1) rotates 180 degrees (half a rotation), the inclined circumferential groove (2) will fluctuate from its original state by the above-mentioned amplitude, as shown in FIG. Side rotor (7)
is on the rearmost side, the rotor (7) on the lower part side is on the frontmost side,
They are guided by the respective inclined circumferential grooves (2) and move.

Next, when the input shaft (1) rotates to 270 degrees, the seventh
As shown in the figure, the upper and lower rotors (7) (71) move in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned direction and reach a line perpendicular to the center line of the input shaft (1), and furthermore, the input shaft (1) 360
degree, that is, one rotation from the original state, the rotor (7) (
7) has returned to its original position (Fig. 4.8), and during this time, the inclined circumferential groove (2) has made one reciprocating motion during the amplitude, and hereafter, the input shaft (1) When it rotates, the rotor (7)
around 1 is guided by the diagonal circumferential groove (2) and repeats reciprocating motion in the front and rear direction.

If the motion control of the rotor (7) by the rotation of the input shaft (1) is expressed as internal control, then the external control is defined as the fixed outer shell ( 5), and the rotor (7) is guided by the continuous wave grooves (6) of the fixed outer shell (5) to move in the circumferential direction.

That is, as described in the above configuration, the inner circumferential surface of the rotor (7) is fitted into the inclined circumferential groove (2) of the input shaft (1),
When the outer circumferential surface is fitted and confined in the continuous wave groove (6) of the fixed outer shell (5), the rotor (7) is guided by the inclined circumferential groove (2) by the rotation of the input shaft (1). When the rotor (7) is moved backward while rolling, the rotor (7) moves while rotating from the peak to the valley of one waveform groove in the continuous waveform groove (6) of the fixed outer shell (5), The circumferential momentum of the rotor (7) moved from the peak to the valley of the wave groove via the support shaft (8) supporting the rotor (7) is transferred to the output shaft (3).
It is intended to be communicated to the public.

The input shaft (1) rotates once and the inclined circumferential groove (2) rotates around the rotor (7).
), the rotor (7) passes through one of the continuous wave grooves (6), and as the input shaft (1) continues to rotate, the output shaft ( 3) will transmit the deceleration rotation to.

This reduction ratio is determined by the number of continuous wave grooves (6) provided on the fixed outer shell (5) for one revolution of the input shaft (1), and the number of wave grooves can be set freely. The larger the number, the larger the reduction ratio can be obtained.

Next, to describe the relationship between the position of the rotor (7) and the continuous wave groove (6), as shown in Figures 10 to 17, the inclined circumferential groove (2) of the input shaft (1) When the half circumference of the shell (5) with the continuous wave groove (6) is expanded, simplified linearly and overlapped, the rotor (7) has the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wave groove (6). It can be understood that it can be placed at the intersection with

In these figures, the continuous wave groove (6) in Figure 10 is formed from one wave groove (61), and the one in Figure 11 is formed from two wave grooves (61).
The waveform grooves (6,) (6□) are formed from two waveform grooves (6,) (6□), and the following diagrams show the waveform grooves increasing one by one. Groove (6
1) Continuous wave-shaped groove (6) consisting of (6ri...(6,)
However, since the same applies to continuous wave grooves made up of a larger number of wave grooves, they are omitted for the sake of explanation.

As is clear from these figures, when the number of wave grooves is N, (N+1) rotors (7) are interposed and arranged between the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wave groove (6). If the number of corrugated grooves increases, the number of rotors (7) can be reduced by removing the rotors (7a) at predetermined intervals, as shown in Figures 14, 16, and 17. You can.

The relationship between the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wavy groove (6) shown in FIG. (6□) (6
x), which consists of a continuous wavy groove (6) and an inclined circumferential groove (2).
In between, four rotors (7) (one rotor is disposed symmetrically with the central rotor) are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.

In this figure, if the upper and lower ends of the inclined circumferential groove (2) are point A and point B, respectively, the rotation of the input shaft (1) causes the point A to
, B move on vertical lines C and D, respectively, and the interval between these lines CSD is within the above-mentioned amplitude.

If the input shaft (1) is rotated half a turn from this state, point A at the top end will reach the bottom end, and point B at the bottom end will reach the top end, but during this time the peak of the wave groove (6,) The rotor (7) located at position ) moves on the corrugated groove (6,) to the valley E, and the rotor (7) located halfway along the corrugated groove (6,) moves along the corrugated groove (6,).
) and moves to the valley side, and the rotor (7) in the valley (point B position) moves the next wave groove (63), which is symmetrical to the wave groove (6t), up to the mountain. The rotor, which moves and is located in a symmetrical position with the central rotor (7), has corrugated grooves (6).
, ), moves over the valley of the wave-shaped groove (63) and toward the peak of the wave-shaped groove (6,).

Therefore, when the input shaft (1) rotates four times, the rotor (7) goes around the continuous wave groove (6) and reaches its original position, and the rotor (
The rotational force with a reduction ratio of 1/4 is transmitted to the output shaft (3) via the support shaft (8) supporting the shaft (7).

Next, when the human power shaft (1) is in a stopped state, the output shaft (3)
When a rotational torque is applied to the side, the rotor (7) tries to move in the circumferential direction intersecting the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wave groove (6), but the inclined circumferential groove (2) and the continuous wave groove (6) It is blocked by the continuous wave groove (6) and cannot move, so the output shaft (3)
) cannot rotate.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the rotor (
7) was supported rotatably, but the support shaft (8) and rotor (
7) may be integrated, and both ends of the support shaft (8) may be rotatably and slidably supported in the axial direction by the circular flange portion (3a) of the output shaft (3) and the circular support plate α.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the speed reduction device of the present invention, the input shaft having the elliptical annular inclined circumferential groove on the outer circumferential surface is centered on the input shaft, and the inner circumferential surface is provided with the inclined circumferential groove. A fixed outer shell is provided with continuous wavy grooves having the same amplitude width as the grooves, a rotor is fitted between these inclined circumferential grooves and the continuous wavy grooves, and the rotor is connected to the output shaft. Therefore, the rotor on the inclined circumferential groove provided on the input shaft is rotated by the rotation of the human-powered shaft, and the rotor is reciprocated back and forth in the middle of the amplitude of the inclined circumferential groove. The rotor can be moved in the circumferential direction by changing the motion to the continuous wave-shaped groove of the shell, and the continuous wave-shaped groove is made to correspond to a conventional internal gear, and the continuous wave-shaped groove is moved between the inclined circumferential groove of the input shaft and the continuous wave-shaped groove. The rolling effect of the interposed rotor eliminates noise, vibration, slip, backlash, etc., and enables accurate and smooth transmission of power at a predetermined reduction ratio.

In addition, the reduction ratio of the output shaft relative to the rotation of the input shaft can be easily set by the number of continuous wave grooves on the fixed outer shell, and the structure is extremely simple and suitable for mass production, making it suitable for various industrial equipment and electrical equipment. It exhibits excellent performance as a highly accurate speed reduction device that eliminates the drawbacks of conventional gear-based speed reduction mechanisms used in power transmission mechanisms for equipment and the like.

Furthermore, since the rotational direction of the input shaft is the same as the rotational direction of the reduced output shaft, the rotation transmission direction is always the same even when connecting multiple reduction gears to obtain a large reduction ratio. In addition, even if a large rotational load is applied to the output shaft side, the inclined circumferential groove and continuous wave groove can prevent rotation in the opposite direction from being transmitted to the input shaft side, making it reliable and light. This enables the transmission of deceleration power.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical side view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a simplified front view with the cover removed.
Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the fixed outer shell, and Figures 4 to 8 are for explaining the state of movement of the rotor when the fixed outer shell is removed and the input shaft is rotated every 90 degrees. Fig. 9 is a simplified side view of the case where the motion of the rotor is controlled by the fixed outer shell, and Figs. 10 to 17 show the rotation with respect to the number of waveform grooves of continuous waveform grooves of the fixed outer shell. FIG. 18 is a simplified developed view showing the arrangement of the children, and a longitudinal sectional front view showing an example of a conventional gear type speed reduction device. (1)...Input shaft, (2)...Slanted circumferential groove, (3)...
... Output shaft, (5) ... Fixed outer shell, (6) ... Continuous wave groove, (7) ... Rotor, (8) ... Support shaft. Patent applicant Yashima Engineering Co., Ltd. and 1
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Claims (1)

[Claims] A fixed outer shell body having a continuous wave-shaped groove having the same amplitude width as the inclined circumferential groove on its inner circumferential surface, centered around an input shaft having an elliptical annular inclined circumferential groove on its outer circumferential surface. A speed reduction device characterized in that the rotor is fitted between the inclined circumferential grooves and the continuous waveform grooves, and the rotor is connected to the output shaft.