JPS63101B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention moves particulate matter such as carbonaceous adsorbent filled and held by the louvers from top to bottom, and removes SOx and NOx passing through the louvers.
This relates to a moving bed reaction tank for carrying out dust removal, adsorption such as desulfurization and denitrification, various reactions, etc. by contacting gas such as contained exhaust gas.

In a conventional device of this kind, as shown in FIG. 1, particulate matter 2 filled and held by a pair of louvers 1 and 1' arranged vertically in a row moves from top to bottom to form a moving layer. The gas 3 is introduced into the reaction tank 4, flows through the moving bed from the side of the moving bed through the louver 1, performs dust removal, reaction, etc. during this time, and is discharged from the louver 1' on the opposite side. .

However, in a conventional reaction tank like this,
The following problems arose.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, a non-moving part 2-a of particulate matter 2 is formed on the louver 1.
Therefore, when introducing a gas containing a large amount of dust, a layer of dust grows on the gas inlet side of the non-moving layer 2-a, causing an increase in pressure drop. In addition, the non-moving portion 2-a may reach chemical reaction saturation, which may cause corrosion of the louvers due to leaching of reaction products, resulting in a decrease in the overall reaction capacity.

Second, as shown in Fig. 3, the outlet for particulate matter 2 in the reaction tank is usually narrower than the distance between the louvers 1 and 1', and if this continues, the particulate matter in the moving bed will The velocity distribution becomes as shown in 5-1 to 5-4 shown in FIG. For this reason, a method has been adopted in which various types of flow regulators 6 are provided as shown in FIG. 4 in order to make the flow velocity distribution in the moving bed as uniform as possible. However, due to the inherent heterogeneity of particulate matter and changes in properties such as particle size, dust content, and moisture content over time, it is difficult to control the flow state of the particulate matter. It was strong.

On the other hand, from the standpoint of dust removal, reaction, etc., the particulate matter 2 in the moving bed is generally subjected to a higher load on the gas inlet side, and the particulate matter near the gas/inlet side louver is exposed to the highest load. For this reason, when the reaction product is highly adhesive, if the moving speed of the particulate matter is slow, lumps may form and grow, causing an increase in the pressure drop against the gas. Therefore, it would be a good idea to move and replace the particulate matter in this area at a relatively high speed, but the conventional method leaves things to their own devices as described above, and it is even more difficult to control the movement speed in this area. I couldn't control it.

An object of the present invention is to provide a moving bed reactor which eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional methods mentioned above.

The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object is to fill and hold particulate matter with a louver structure, and move the particulate matter from top to bottom while contacting gas passing through the louver. In the layered reaction tank, sub-louvers with an inverted V-shaped cross section are provided in a line parallel to each main louver inside the main louvers arranged vertically in order to fill and hold particulate matter, One side starts at the middle position in the height direction of each stage of the main louver, and is arranged at an opposite slope to the main louver toward the inside of the main louver, and the other side from the apex of the V-shape is vertical. It is characterized by being arranged so that all the tiers face downward and are in the same vertical plane, and the lower end of this vertical lower side does not touch the V-shaped apex of the tier below. An object of the present invention is to provide a moving bed reactor that can perform

The present invention will be explained in detail below. The purpose of the present invention is, firstly, to eliminate the accumulation of particulate matter on the louvers and provide a good moving condition, thereby preventing dust accumulation on the gas inlet side louvers and excessive rise in pressure drop; By freely changing the ratio of the moving speed of particulate matter in the vicinity and the moving speed of particulate matter in other parts without changing the flow rate of particulate matter throughout the reaction tank, the inlet side, which bears a high load, can be The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reaction tank in which the movement speed of particulate matter can be increased and the pressure drop can be controlled while observing the situation.

First, the first objective will be explained. As already explained in FIG. 2, a non-moving part 2-a of particulate matter is formed, but this is because the lateral pressure acting on the part 2-a from the inside and the lateral pressure due to the weight of the part 2-a are balanced. It happens in Therefore, if the lateral pressure acting from the inside is supported in some way so that it does not act directly on the 2-a part, the particulate matter in the 2-a part will be discharged downward, and new particulate matter will be supplied from above in its place. This results in continuous replacement. As a method for this purpose, a method as shown in FIG. 5 has been devised. A sub-louver 7 is provided in the middle of one main louver with an inclination in the same direction as the main louver. Since the sub louver supports the side pressure that acts on 2-b on the main louver from the inside, the 2-b
−b is discharged smoothly, and instead 2
The particulate matter in the part -c enters the position 2-b, and the particulate matter in the main louver part is smoothly replaced. However, in this method, a non-moving portion 2-d is formed on the sublouver,
Similar problems arise, albeit to a different degree.

In the present invention, as shown in Fig. 6, by providing an inverted V-shaped sub-louver consisting of 8 and 9, particulate matter outside the sub-louver flows smoothly in a zigzag pattern, and particulate matter inside flows through 9. It flows smoothly vertically downward, with no stagnation at all. In addition, almost no particulate matter enters or exits from the gap between adjacent 9s, and both flow independently, and the particulate matter flowing out from the bottom stage toward the discharge port is almost the same as the particulate matter that entered from the top stage. The state is realized.

Next, the second objective will be explained. In order for the louver particulate matter to move smoothly as described above, the flow rate of the particulate matter extracted from the lowest stage must be ensured. However, as shown in Figure 1, the outlet of the reaction tank is generally located at the tip of the slope that slopes downward from the bottom of the louver, so no matter what kind of flow regulation is used, the particulate matter 2 in the tank is As for the angle toward the outlet,
The angle of this slope is the gentlest, and the movement speed of particulate matter near the slope is the slowest. Moreover, it was not possible to freely control the movement speed of this part.

In order to ensure the flow rate of particulate matter drawn out from the lowest stage of the louver and to freely control it, the present invention has a sub-assembly as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. A partition plate 10 is provided from the lower end of the vertical plate 9 at the lowest stage of the louver along the casing 4 of the reaction tank, and the structure is such that particulate matter above and below the partition plate 10 does not mix. continue into the discharge nozzle. A rotary partition plate 11 having an axis parallel to the side of the end is provided at the end of the partition plate, and the gap between the lower end of the partition plate 10 and the upper end of the rotary partition plate 11 is set to such an extent that particulate matter does not penetrate. The angle of this rotating partition plate can be changed from the outside.

With the above structure, the particulate matter discharged from the lower end of the louver passes between the casing 4 and the discharge nozzle without being interfered with by the particulate matter above the partition plate 10. By changing the angle of the rotary partition plate 11 provided in the discharge nozzle part, the cross-sectional area of the left and right sides of the outlet part can be changed. Even if the overall extraction amount is constant, the ratio of left and right flow rates can be changed continuously from 0 to infinity by changing the angle of the rotary partition plate 11 at the next stage. Thereby, the movement speed distribution of particulate matter within the tank can be made effective without increasing the overall amount of extraction.

Examples will be described below.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the dry denitration and denitrification apparatus according to the present invention. In Fig. 9, 12 is activated coke with an average particle size of about 8φ, which is packed in a hopper 13 to keep the powder level constant, passes through a reaction tank 14, and is fed into a metering feeder 15. being extracted. Gas 25 enters from the side of the reactor and passes through the louvers and activated coke layer to desulfurize and
Denitrification and dust removal are completed and exit from the opposite side. The activated coke in the reaction tank is stored in the main louver 1 on the inlet side.
7 and the outlet side louver 17'. The inlet side consists of a sub-louver consisting of 18 and 19, a partition plate 20, and a rotating partition plate 21, and furthermore, a partition plate 22 and a rotating partition plate 23 for controlling the overall movement speed distribution in the middle of the activated coke layer. The moving speed is controlled by measuring the descending speed of activated coke from 16 sight glasses.

FIG. 10 shows details of the entrance side louver section. θ ₁
is 60°, θ ₂ is 60°, A is 400mm, B is 300mm, C is 217
mm, D is 20 mm, E is 75 mm, and Figure 11 shows details from the lower end of the inlet side louver to the outlet. θ ₃ is 60°,
G is 125mm, H is 108mm, I is 70mm, and J is 150mm.

Figure 12 shows the lower end of the partition plate 20 and the rotating partition plate 21.
FIG. The rotating shafts of the rotating partition plates 21 and 22 and the nut 23 are integrated and rotate together. As a cover for preventing gas leakage from the outside of the casing 14, there is an outer cylinder 24 and a cap 25, and 26 is a lock bolt for the rotating shaft. K is 155mm, L is 153mm.

By using perforated plates for 19 of the sublouvers shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11, the gas flow area can be increased and homogenized, and at the same time, the gas pressure loss can be reduced.

Comparing the operating results of the moving bed reactor equipped with this example and the moving bed reactor without it, the pressure loss of the reaction tank became excessive 200 to 300 hours after the start of operation, and it became impossible to operate. There is. Upon inspection, a thick layer of dust was formed on the upstream side of the non-moving particulate matter on the inlet side louver, and reaction products were growing in clumps on the inner surface of the louver, and there were gases everywhere. The inflow port is open.

On the other hand, when the flow rate of particulate matter in the sub-louver section is reduced to about 10% of the total flow rate, the pressure loss in the reaction tank increases slightly for about 50 hours after the start of operation, but increases thereafter. Stable continuous operation is possible. Upon opening and inspection, there was no evidence of dust accumulation on the inlet side louver, and no reaction product lumps were found on the inner surface of the louver.

By appropriately adjusting the flow rate of particulate matter in the sub-louver section based on the concentration of dust, the amount of reaction products produced per unit time, etc., a moving bed reaction tank that can be adapted to a wide range of conditions can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a moving bed reaction tank that retains particulate matter using a conventional louver.
The figure is a partially enlarged view showing the vicinity of the louver, Figures 3 and 4 are conceptual diagrams showing the flow velocity distribution of particulate matter in this type of moving bed reaction tank, and Figure 5 shows the position and structure of a conventional sub-louver. 6 is a close-up view of the louver showing the position and structure of the sub-louver of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a partial view showing an embodiment of the sub-louver of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a view of the sub-louver in FIG.
- A sectional view taken along the X-ray; FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the moving bed reaction tank of the present invention; FIGS. 10 and 11 show specific examples of the sub-louver and partition plate of the present invention. The partial design drawing, FIG. 12, is a sectional view showing details of the partition plate provided in the sub-louver of the present invention and the rotary plate provided in the partition plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a moving bed reaction tank in which particulate matter is filled and held by a looper structure, and the particulate matter is brought into contact with gas passing through the louver while moving from top to bottom. In order to fill and hold the main louvers, sub-louvers with an inverted V-shaped cross section are arranged in a line parallel to each main louver, and one side of the V-shape is located inside the main louvers that are lined up in a row in the vertical direction. The end starts at the middle position in the height direction,
The main louver is arranged inward with a slope opposite to that of the main louver, the other side from the apex of the V-shape faces vertically downward, and all the steps are arranged in the same vertical plane, and this A moving bed reaction tank characterized in that the lower end of the vertical lower side does not touch the V-shaped apex of the stage below it. 2. A partition plate is installed along the inner wall of the casing of the moving bed reaction tank from the lower end of the vertically lower side of the lowest sub-louver among the sub-louvers, and the partition plate is installed inside the particulate matter discharge nozzle of the moving bed reaction tank. The moving bed reaction tank according to claim 1, which is continuously operated up to 3. The moving bed reaction tank according to claim 2, wherein a rotary partition plate having a central axis parallel to the partition plate is provided at the end of the partition plate inside the discharge nozzle.