JPS6296306A - Unit apparatus for producing sulfuric acid in contact method - Google Patents
Unit apparatus for producing sulfuric acid in contact methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6296306A JPS6296306A JP23708985A JP23708985A JPS6296306A JP S6296306 A JPS6296306 A JP S6296306A JP 23708985 A JP23708985 A JP 23708985A JP 23708985 A JP23708985 A JP 23708985A JP S6296306 A JPS6296306 A JP S6296306A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfuric acid
- corrosion
- stainless steel
- contact
- unit apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
- B01J2219/025—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties characterised by the construction materials of the reactor vessel proper
- B01J2219/0277—Metal based
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
この発明は、接触法による硫酸の製造装置、特に耐硫酸
腐食性オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼からなる硫酸製造
方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an apparatus for producing sulfuric acid by a contact method, and particularly to a method for producing sulfuric acid using austenitic stainless steel that is resistant to sulfuric acid corrosion.
なおこの明細書において、%はいずれもfflffi%
を示すものとする。In this specification, all percentages are fffffi%.
shall be shown.
従来技術とその問題点
従来、接触法による硫酸製造方法、すなわち、触媒を用
いて802ガスを気相で酸化して無水硫酸803を作り
、これを硫M(94〜96%)に吸収させて98%硫酸
を得る方法に用いられる製造装置は、硫酸による腐食を
防ぐ目的で、耐食レンガのような種々の非金属材料、鋳
鉄あるいは各種の耐食性合金を材料としていた。Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, sulfuric acid was produced by a contact method, that is, 802 gas was oxidized in the gas phase using a catalyst to produce sulfuric acid anhydride 803, which was then absorbed into sulfur M (94-96%). The manufacturing equipment used in the method for obtaining 98% sulfuric acid is made of various nonmetallic materials such as corrosion-resistant bricks, cast iron, or various corrosion-resistant alloys in order to prevent corrosion caused by sulfuric acid.
しかしながら、たとえば耐酸レンガはfinとの接触に
より長い間には膨張や変形を生じ、そのため装置の修理
に多大の費用と時間がかかった。また、鋳鉄や各種の耐
食性合金は低温度の98%lli!!酸中では良好な耐
食性を示すが、100℃前後の高温度、95%以上の高
温度における硫酸中や液流速の速い箇所では腐食が著し
くて許容値を超えてしまう。However, acid-resistant bricks, for example, expand and deform over time due to contact with the fins, which requires a great deal of expense and time to repair the device. In addition, cast iron and various corrosion-resistant alloys are 98% lli at low temperatures! ! Although it exhibits good corrosion resistance in acid, corrosion is significant and exceeds the allowable value in sulfuric acid at high temperatures of around 100° C., 95% or higher, or in areas where the liquid flow rate is high.
この発明は、上記の実情に鑑みてなされたものであって
、高温度、高濃度の硫酸に対してもすぐれた耐食性を示
し、しかも[Q’M造のコスト面でも大きな利点を有す
るtti酸製造装置を提供することを目的とする。This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and exhibits excellent corrosion resistance even against high temperature and high concentration sulfuric acid. The purpose is to provide manufacturing equipment.
問題点の解決手段
この発明による接触法における硫酸製造用単位装置は、
少なくとも硫酸接触面が、3iを3゜5〜465%含む
耐硫酸腐食性オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼から構成さ
れていることを特徴とする。Means for solving the problem The unit device for producing sulfuric acid in the contact method according to the present invention is as follows:
At least the sulfuric acid contact surface is made of sulfuric acid corrosion-resistant austenitic stainless steel containing 3.5 to 465% of 3i.
この発明における単位装置の代表例としては、添付図面
に示すように、乾燥塔(10)、吸収塔(20)(30
)、熱交換器(8)(18)(28)(38) 、貯槽
(19)(29)(39)、ポンプ(101)(201
)(301) 、これらを連絡する管(102)(20
2)(302)または弁(103)(2033(303
)が挙げられる。ここにおいて、乾燥塔(10)、吸収
塔(20)(30)、熱交換器(8)(18)(28)
(38)、貯槽(19)(29)(39)、ポンプ(1
01)(201)(301)、これらを連絡する管(1
02)(202)(302)および弁(103)(20
3)(303)は、接触法による硫酸製造の各工程、す
なわち、空気乾燥工程、硫黄燃焼工程、S02ガスの精
製工程、SO2の酸化工程およびS 03の吸収工程の
それぞれの工程で通常、−組になって用いられるもので
あるが、これら各単位装置は、少なくともその内面の一
部、特に硫酸あるいは硫酸ミストとの接触の度合がより
大きくかつより頻繁な部分をSiを3.5〜4.5%含
む耐硫酸腐食性オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼により構
成すればよい。Typical examples of unit devices in this invention include a drying tower (10), an absorption tower (20) (30
), heat exchanger (8) (18) (28) (38), storage tank (19) (29) (39), pump (101) (201
) (301), pipes (102) (20
2) (302) or valve (103) (2033 (303)
). Here, a drying tower (10), an absorption tower (20) (30), a heat exchanger (8) (18) (28)
(38), storage tank (19) (29) (39), pump (1
01) (201) (301), the pipe connecting these (1)
02) (202) (302) and valves (103) (20
3) (303) is usually used in each step of sulfuric acid production by the contact method, that is, the air drying step, the sulfur combustion step, the SO2 gas purification step, the SO2 oxidation step, and the SO3 absorption step. These unit devices are used in sets, and at least a portion of the inner surface of each unit, especially the portion that comes into contact with sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid mist to a greater extent and more frequently, has a Si content of 3.5 to 4 It may be made of corrosion-resistant austenitic stainless steel containing .5% sulfuric acid.
好ましくは各単位装置の内面のすべて、さらにはその内
外両面とも同権によって構成される。Preferably, all the inner surfaces of each unit device, and furthermore, both the inner and outer surfaces thereof, are constructed by the same authority.
ここで同権のSi含有吊を3.5〜4.5%に限定した
理由を説明する。Here, the reason why the Si content is limited to 3.5 to 4.5% will be explained.
ステンレス鋼へのSiの添加は、一般にその耐食性を著
しく向上させる。しかしその含有量が3.5%に満たな
いステンレス鋼では、たとえCr5Niなとの他の成分
の組成が硫酸の腐食を抑制する上で適当であっても、1
00℃前後の高温度、95%以上の高a度の硫酸中にお
ける腐食度はきわめて大きい。このため、耐硫酸腐食性
を十分に改善する上でSiの含有量は3.5%以上にす
る必要がある。しかし、3iの添加量が増えれば増える
ほどそのステンレス鋼の機械的性質は低下する傾向にあ
るので、硫酸製造VA置を構成する上で所定の機械的性
質を確保するためには、その添加量は4.5%を超えな
いようにするのが好ましい。The addition of Si to stainless steel generally significantly improves its corrosion resistance. However, in stainless steel where the content is less than 3.5%, even if the composition of other components such as Cr5Ni is suitable for suppressing sulfuric acid corrosion, 1
The degree of corrosion in sulfuric acid at a high temperature of around 00°C and a high a degree of 95% or more is extremely high. Therefore, in order to sufficiently improve the sulfuric acid corrosion resistance, the Si content needs to be 3.5% or more. However, as the amount of 3i added increases, the mechanical properties of the stainless steel tend to deteriorate. It is preferable that the amount does not exceed 4.5%.
実 施 例
以下、この発明を図示の実施例により具体的に説明する
。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, this invention will be specifically explained with reference to illustrated examples.
第1図には、TiA酸製造装置の単位装置である乾燥塔
(10)、前段吸収塔(20)および後段吸収塔(30
)が主として示しである。これらの110)(20)(
30)は、いずれも、底部にガス流入口(11)(21
)(31)を、またその頂部にガス流出口(12)(2
2)(32)を有している。また、それぞれの塔(10
)(20)(30)は、その上部に耐流入口(13)
(23) (33)を、その底部に耐流出口(14)
(24) (34)を備えている。Figure 1 shows a drying tower (10), a first stage absorption tower (20), and a second stage absorption tower (30), which are unit devices of the TiA acid production equipment.
) is mainly for illustration purposes. These 110)(20)(
30) both have gas inlets (11) (21) at the bottom.
) (31), and a gas outlet (12) (2) at the top thereof.
2) (32). Also, each tower (10
)(20)(30) has an inflow resistant port (13) on its top.
(23) (33) with a spill-proof opening (14) at its bottom.
(24) (34) is provided.
ざらに各基(10) (20) (30)の上部には酸
分配装買(15)(25)(35)があり、その上にミ
スト除去装置(16)(2G)(36)が設けられてい
る。そして各基(10)(20)(30)には充填物(
17)(27)(37)が充填されている。Above each base (10), (20), and (30) there are acid distribution equipment (15), (25), and (35), and above that, mist removal equipment (16), (2G), and (36) are installed. It is being Each group (10), (20), and (30) is filled with a filler (
17) (27) (37) are filled.
(18)(28H38)はそれぞれの塔(101(20
)(30)に設けられた熱交換器であって、必要に応じ
、第2図に示すような陽極防食装置(4o)が取り付け
られる。すなわち、同図において(8)は熱交換器であ
る。(41)はカソード、(42)は自動制御装置、(
43)は電源回路であって、陽極防食装置(40)を構
成している。(18) (28H38) is for each tower (101 (20
) (30), and if necessary, an anodic protection device (4o) as shown in FIG. 2 is attached. That is, in the same figure, (8) is a heat exchanger. (41) is a cathode, (42) is an automatic control device, (
43) is a power supply circuit, which constitutes an anodic protection device (40).
再び第1図において、(19)(29)、(39)はf
iA酸を溜めておく貯槽、(101)(201)(30
1) ハta酸を循環させるポンプ、(102)(20
2)(302)は管、(1o3)(203)(303)
は弁である。Again in Figure 1, (19), (29), and (39) are f
Storage tank for storing iA acid, (101) (201) (30
1) Pump for circulating nitrate acid, (102) (20
2) (302) is a tube, (1o3) (203) (303)
is a valve.
なお、第1図においては、SO2をSOaに転化させる
工程に用いる転化器は示していない。Note that, in FIG. 1, a converter used in the step of converting SO2 to SOa is not shown.
乾燥塔(10)、吸収塔(20)(30)、熱交換器(
8)(18)(28)(38)、貯槽(19)(29)
(39)、ポンプ(1o1)(201)(301)、コ
レらを連絡スル管(102)(202)(302)およ
び弁(103)(203)(303)は、いずれも、C
O,018%、Si4.16%、Mnl。Drying tower (10), absorption tower (20) (30), heat exchanger (
8) (18) (28) (38), storage tank (19) (29)
(39), pump (1o1) (201) (301), pipes (102) (202) (302) connecting these, and valves (103) (203) (303) are all C
O,018%, Si4.16%, Mnl.
08%、Ni14.32%、Cr 17.28%J3よ
び残部Feならびに不純物元素からなるオーステナイト
系ステンレス鋼により構成されている。08% Ni, 14.32% Ni, 17.28% Cr, and the balance is made of austenitic stainless steel consisting of Fe and impurity elements.
このような硫酸製造用単位装置は、通常の接触法によっ
て操作される。Such units for the production of sulfuric acid are operated by conventional contact methods.
このような硫M製造用中位装置における耐硫酸腐食性を
調べるため、同装置に使用される各種金属材料について
腐食試験を行なった。第1表はそれらの試料の合金成分
を示すものである。In order to examine the sulfuric acid corrosion resistance of such a medium-sized sulfuric acid M manufacturing equipment, corrosion tests were conducted on various metal materials used in the equipment. Table 1 shows the alloy composition of those samples.
以下余白
試料1は鋳鉄、同2はステンレス鋼であって、ともに従
来から用いられている材料である。これらに対して試料
3は、本発明の実施に使用されたステンレス鋼である。Below, the blank sample 1 is made of cast iron, and the blank sample 2 is made of stainless steel, both of which are conventionally used materials. Sample 3, on the other hand, is the stainless steel used in the practice of the present invention.
これら3種の材料をそれぞれ温度が100℃、115℃
および120℃の98.5%硫酸中に浸漬した結果を第
2表に示す。The temperature of these three materials is 100℃ and 115℃, respectively.
Table 2 shows the results of immersion in 98.5% sulfuric acid at 120°C.
第2表
腐食量(g/尻・h)
これによると、比較材料として選ばれた試料1および試
料2の120℃硫酸中における腐食量はそれぞれ1.3
85!J/TIt−h 、0.433 ’i / rd
−hである。これらの数値は耐食性材料しての限界腐食
fl’lo、05!J、#−hをはるかに超えて、15
す、耐硫酸腐食性が不足している。Table 2 Corrosion amount (g/end/h) According to this, the corrosion amount of Sample 1 and Sample 2 selected as comparative materials in sulfuric acid at 120°C is each 1.3
85! J/TIt-h, 0.433'i/rd
-h. These values are the limit corrosion fl'lo for corrosion-resistant materials, 05! J, far beyond #-h, 15
However, it lacks sulfuric acid corrosion resistance.
これに対し、本発明の実施に適用される試料3は、同じ
温度の98.5%1ilil酸中における腐食量が0.
024g/m・hときわめて少なく、したがって十分な
耐硫酸腐食性を有していることが認められる。On the other hand, Sample 3 applied to the practice of the present invention showed a corrosion amount of 0.5% in 98.5% ililic acid at the same temperature.
024 g/m·h, which is extremely low, and therefore it is recognized that it has sufficient sulfuric acid corrosion resistance.
第3表
腐食量(g/TrL−h)
し
第3表は、硫酸製造に用いられる熱交換器を8.5%硫
酸に接触させた場合の腐食度を求〕るために、所定の陽
極防食をした上記試料2のステンレス鋼く試料2△)お
よび陽極防食をしない上記試料2のステンレス鋼(試料
2B)をそれぞれ温度が100℃、115℃および12
0℃の98.5%硫酸中に浸漬した結果を示すものであ
る。これによると、陽極防食処理を施した試料2Aは、
同処理をしない試料2Bに比較して各硫酸温度において
きわめてすぐれた耐食性を示すとともに、硫酸温度が上
界しても腐11は一定(0,001g/m−h)rNる
ことが認められる。Table 3 Amount of Corrosion (g/TrL-h) The stainless steel of Sample 2 with corrosion protection (Sample 2Δ) and the stainless steel of Sample 2 without anodic protection (Sample 2B) were heated to temperatures of 100°C, 115°C and 12°C, respectively.
This shows the results of immersion in 98.5% sulfuric acid at 0°C. According to this, sample 2A, which was subjected to anodic corrosion protection treatment,
In comparison to sample 2B which was not subjected to the same treatment, it was found that it exhibited extremely excellent corrosion resistance at each sulfuric acid temperature, and that corrosion 11 remained constant (0,001 g/m-h) rN even if the sulfuric acid temperature exceeded.
第2表および第3表によれば、試料3から構成される硫
酸製造用皇位装置にi極防食処理装置を取り付け、同処
理をしながら硫酸製造を行なった場合には、その単位装
置はきわめてすぐれた耐硫酸腐食性を示すであろうこと
は明らかである。そして、実際、本発明に基づく単位装
置を用いて操業したところ、@装置はきわめて良好かつ
満足すべき耐硫酸腐食性を発揮したのである。According to Tables 2 and 3, if the i-polar corrosion protection treatment equipment was attached to the imperial equipment for sulfuric acid production consisting of sample 3 and sulfuric acid was produced while performing the same treatment, the unit equipment would be extremely It is clear that it will exhibit excellent sulfuric acid corrosion resistance. In fact, when the unit device according to the present invention was operated, the device exhibited extremely good and satisfactory sulfuric acid corrosion resistance.
効 果
この発明による硫酸製造用単位装置は、上記のように構
成されているので、100℃を超える98%硫酸に対し
てもきわめてすぐれた耐食性を示し、したがって従来の
同装置を用いる場合に比べて硫酸温度を高く設定して硫
酸製造を行なうことが可能になる。また、このように大
きな耐硫酸腐食性を示すので、上記単位装置のうち、特
に管については従来のものより直径の小さいものを使用
することができ、コスト的にも有利である。Effects Since the unit device for producing sulfuric acid according to the present invention is configured as described above, it exhibits extremely excellent corrosion resistance even to 98% sulfuric acid at temperatures exceeding 100°C, and therefore has superior corrosion resistance compared to the case of using the same conventional device. This makes it possible to produce sulfuric acid by setting the sulfuric acid temperature high. Furthermore, since it exhibits such high resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion, it is possible to use tubes with smaller diameters than conventional ones among the above-mentioned unit devices, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
さらに本発明による単位装置を通常採用されていた硫B
渇度で用いる場合には、熱交換器などに陽極防食装置を
設ける必要がなくなる。Furthermore, the unit device according to the present invention is
When used in dry conditions, there is no need to provide an anodic protection device on the heat exchanger or the like.
所望により、本発明による単位装置に陽極防食装置を設
ければ、より高寿命の硫酸製造系統を作ることが可能に
なる。If desired, a unit device according to the present invention may be provided with an anodic protection device, thereby making it possible to create a sulfuric acid production system with a longer lifespan.
第1図は、従来のおよび本発明の接触法におけるta酸
製造装置を示す略図である。
第2図は、第1図の熱交換器に陽極防食装置を設けたも
のの略図である。
(10)・・・乾燥塔、(20)・・・前段吸収塔、(
30)・・・後段吸収塔、(8)(18)(28)(3
8)・・・熱交換器、(19)(29039)・・・貯
槽、(101)(201)(301)・・・ポンプ、(
102) (202) (302)・・・管、(103
)(203)(303)・・・弁、(40)・・・陽極
防食装置。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a ta acid production apparatus in a conventional contact method and in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 provided with an anodic protection device. (10)...Drying tower, (20)...Pre-stage absorption tower, (
30) ...Late stage absorption tower, (8) (18) (28) (3
8) Heat exchanger, (19) (29039) Storage tank, (101) (201) (301) Pump, (
102) (202) (302)...tube, (103
) (203) (303)... Valve, (40)... Anodic protection device.
Claims (3)
%含む耐硫酸腐食性オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼から
構成されていることを特徴とする、接触法における硫酸
製造用単位装置。(1) At least the sulfuric acid contact surface contains 3.5 to 4.5 Si.
A unit device for producing sulfuric acid in a contact method, characterized in that it is made of sulfuric acid corrosion-resistant austenitic stainless steel containing 10% of sulfuric acid corrosion.
30)、熱交換器(8)(18)(28)(38)、貯
槽(19)(29)(39)、ポンプ(101)(20
1)(301)、これらを連絡する管(102)(20
2)(302)または弁(103)(203)(303
)である特許請求の範囲第1項記載の装置。(2) The unit devices are a drying tower (10), an absorption tower (20) (
30), heat exchanger (8) (18) (28) (38), storage tank (19) (29) (39), pump (101) (20
1) (301), pipes (102) (20) connecting these
2) (302) or valve (103) (203) (303
) The device according to claim 1.
許請求の範囲第1項または第2項記載の装置。(3) The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each unit device includes an anodic protection device (40).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP23708985A JPS6296306A (en) | 1985-10-22 | 1985-10-22 | Unit apparatus for producing sulfuric acid in contact method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP23708985A JPS6296306A (en) | 1985-10-22 | 1985-10-22 | Unit apparatus for producing sulfuric acid in contact method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6296306A true JPS6296306A (en) | 1987-05-02 |
Family
ID=17010243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP23708985A Pending JPS6296306A (en) | 1985-10-22 | 1985-10-22 | Unit apparatus for producing sulfuric acid in contact method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6296306A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1327935C (en) * | 2004-07-04 | 2007-07-25 | 宣达实业集团有限公司 | Stainless steel drying tower absorption tower |
JP2014512264A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2014-05-22 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | Method for producing sulfuric acid |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4911125A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-01-31 | ||
JPS59185763A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-10-22 | Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd | Austenitic stainless steel having superior corrosion resistance in environment containing neutral salt |
-
1985
- 1985-10-22 JP JP23708985A patent/JPS6296306A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4911125A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-01-31 | ||
JPS59185763A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-10-22 | Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd | Austenitic stainless steel having superior corrosion resistance in environment containing neutral salt |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1327935C (en) * | 2004-07-04 | 2007-07-25 | 宣达实业集团有限公司 | Stainless steel drying tower absorption tower |
JP2014512264A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2014-05-22 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | Method for producing sulfuric acid |
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