JPS6291254A - Flow control mechanism of flow variable nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the flow quantity of fuel oil to a wide range and to enhance combustibity by increasing the flow quantity ratio of the fuel oil, in a flow variable nozzle having a jet orifice, a vortex chamber, a communication hole and a piston, by providing a specific inflow limiting means. CONSTITUTION:When the flow quantity of fuel oil is increased in a flow variable nozzle, a piston 20 is moved to a direction spaced apart from a jet orifice 6 and the opening area of an outflow port 14 and the volume of a vortex chamber 12 are enlarged and flow coefficient is enhanced to increase the flow quantity of fuel oil. When the flow quantity of the fuel oil is reduced, the piston 20 is moved to the side of the jet orifice 6 and flow coefficient is lowered to reduce the flow quantity of the fuel oil. In this mechanism, a fin part 22 is provided to the piston 20 as a flow limit means. Hereupon, when the fuel oil flows in the vortex chamber 12 from a communication port 16, the fin part 22 closes the unnecessary part of the communication hole 16. Therefore, the speed component is the axial direction is not generated and the fuel oil surely flows in the vortex chamber 12 in the axially orthogonal direction of the revolving stream formed in the chamber 12 and the change in flow quantity approaches a theoretical value. As a result, combustibility is enhanced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a flow rate control mechanism for a variable flow rate nozzle, and particularly to a flow rate control mechanism for a variable flow rate nozzle, in which an unnecessary portion of a communication hole is blocked by an inflow regulating means to generate a supply liquid in a swirl chamber. Let the swirling flow flow in the direction perpendicular to the axis,
The present invention relates to a flow rate control mechanism for a variable flow rate nozzle that increases the flow rate ratio to improve combustibility.

[Prior Art] As a characteristic of a variable flow rate nozzle, once the spray amount is determined, the spray conditions such as the average spray particle size, spray pattern, and spray angle are determined at a constant level. A suitable constant pressure metered fluid delivery means, the fuel pump, is determined. As a result, a predetermined amount of spray is supplied,
Stable flammability is maintained.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, as a conventional variable flow rate nozzle, there is one shown in FIG. 11. The variable flow rate nozzle 2 has a nozzle hole 6 in the main body 4.
, a volute chamber 12, a piston 20, a supply liquid passage 28, a slit-shaped communication hole 16, 16 that communicates the supply liquid passage 28 with the volute chamber 12, and a spring 40. However, in this variable flow rate nozzle 2, as shown in FIG. 12, in addition to the velocity component U in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber, the fuel oil, which is the supply liquid flowing into the swirl chamber 12, It also generates an axial velocity component ■. As this axial velocity component ■ increases, the flow coefficient increases compared to the theoretical value. M, the amount increases, and as the spray angle decreases, the spray particle size increases. In addition, as shown in FIG.
), so as the flow rate decreases, flow component molecules are generated, and the axial velocity component (2) becomes relatively large.

As a result, the flow rate did not decrease as expected, making it difficult to increase the flow rate ratio, and the spray angle gradually became smaller, resulting in a loss of combustibility.

[Objective of the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and provide a feed liquid inflow regulating means to allow the feed liquid to flow in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber, thereby reducing the flow rate. The object of the present invention is to realize a flow rate control mechanism for a variable flow rate nozzle that can improve combustibility by increasing the ratio.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this object, the present invention provides a nozzle hole provided at the tip of the main body, a vortex chamber connected to the nozzle hole, and a communication hole connected to the vortex chamber and having an outlet for supplying liquid. a hole, a piston that changes the opening area of the outlet depending on its positional relationship with the main body, and an axis of a swirling flow that closes unnecessary parts of the communication hole depending on the forward and backward positions of the piston, and the supply liquid is generated in the swirl chamber. It is characterized by having an inflow restricting means provided to allow inflow in a right angle direction.

[Function] According to the configuration of the present invention, the supply liquid is caused to flow in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber by the inflow regulating means, and the swirling movement of the supply liquid in the swirl chamber is made good, so that the flow rate can be widened over a wide range. control to increase the flow rate ratio and improve combustibility.

[Embodiments of the Invention] Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail and specifically below based on the drawings.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 2 is an! Variable nozzle 4 is the main body of this variable flow rate nozzle 2. This main body 4 has a nozzle hole 6 at the tip.
A cap 8 having a diameter is screwed on. This camp 8
A distributing member 10 for fuel oil, which is a supply liquid, is installed inside. This distribution member 10 has a spiral chamber 12 in the central portion.
, and a slit-shaped communication hole 16.16 having an outlet 14.14 oriented in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber 12;
．． An introduction hole 18.18 communicating with 16 is formed. The axis-perpendicular direction of the swirling flow described above is a direction parallel to a tangent line drawn on the outer peripheral surface of the swirl chamber 12. Further, the fuel oil passes through the outlet 14.14 to the vortex chamber 12.
supplied to

As shown in FIG. 2, the piston 20 is disposed in the axial direction of the main body 4, and the tip side of the piston 20 is connected to the spiral chamber 4.
2 is provided so as to be movable forward and backward by an adjusting tool 34, which will be described later. Further, on the distal end side of the piston 20, an outlet port 14.14 that slides within the communication hole 16.16 is provided.
The fin portion 22 constitutes an inflow restricting means to change the opening area of the communication hole 16.16 and close unnecessary portions of the communication hole 16.16.
．． 22 are provided. At this time, in order to effectively eliminate the axial velocity component (2) of the fuel oil, the piston 20
The distal end surface of the piston 20 and the fin 22 are formed flat, and there is no gap between the piston 20 and the fin 22.

A sleeve 24 is interposed between the piston 20 and the main body 4. Moreover, this sleeve 24 and the piston 2
A supply liquid flow path 28 is formed between the two ends, one end of which communicates with the introduction hole 18, and the other end of which communicates with a supply port 26 formed in the main body 4.

On the other hand, the rear end side of the piston 20 is supported by a sleeve 24, and an O-ring 30 for leak prevention is attached to the sleeve 24 in contact with the piston 20. Also, the rear end side of this sleeve 24 is connected to the main body 4.
The main body 4 is screwed onto this sleeve 24.
An O-ring 32 is attached in contact with.

An adjusting tool 34 having a NAND shape is screwed onto the rear end side of the piston 20 by a threaded portion 36 . Also,
This adjustment tool 34 has a locking protrusion 34a, and this locking protrusion 34a is connected to the support protrusion 2 formed on the rear end side of the sleeve 24.
4a. That is, the piston 20 moves forward and backward without rotation by rotating the adjustment tool 34 left and right, and the volume of the swirl chamber 12 and the opening area of the outlet 14 are expanded or contracted depending on the position of the piston 20. . Further, at this time, since the locking projection 34a and the support projection 24a are locked, the adjustment tool 34 is prevented from coming off.

The operation of this first embodiment will be explained below.

The fuel oil pumped at a constant discharge pressure by the fuel pump is
Flows in from the supply port 26, passes through the supply liquid channel 28, and enters the introduction hole 1.
It reaches 8. In this introduction hole 18, the fuel oil is maintained at a constant pressure. This constant pressure fuel oil flows through the communication hole 16
The liquid flows from the outlet (4) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber 12, undergoes swirling motion in the swirl chamber 12, and is ejected from the nozzle hole 6 in the form of mist.

At this time, if it is desired to increase the flow rate of the fuel oil, as shown in FIG. The area and volume of the swirl chamber 12 are expanded. This outlet 1
As the opening area of No. 4 changes greatly, the flow coefficient changes greatly, and as a result, the flow rate increases.

Furthermore, when it is desired to reduce the flow rate of fuel oil, as shown in FIG. and reduce. As a result, the flow coefficient becomes small and the flow rate can be reduced, and unnecessary parts of the communication hole 16 are blocked by the fin portion 22, so that the fuel oil is directed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber 12. It is possible to ensure the inflow.

When fuel oil flows into the swirl chamber 12 from the communication hole 16, the fin portion 22 provided on the piston 20 closes unnecessary parts of the communication hole 16, so the axial velocity component (2) does not occur and the fuel swirls. It flows in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the chamber 12. As a result, it is possible to obtain a flow rate change close to the theoretical value, and therefore the flow rate ratio can be set to, for example, 1:3.5 to 4 when the pressure is constant.
, it becomes possible to obtain a ratio of 1:5.2 to 6 when the pressure ratio is 2.5. As a result, while stabilizing fuel atomization, the fuel flow rate can be changed over a wide range, and combustibility can be improved.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the fin portion 22 slides within the communication hole 16, there is no risk that the communication hole 16 will be clogged with impurities such as dust, and an appropriate amount of fuel can be reliably supplied. obtain.

5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the invention.

In the following embodiments, parts having the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals. This second embodiment is characterized by the following points. That is, a porous member 38 having a plurality of holes 36 oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber 12 was inserted into the communication hole 16 formed in the distribution member IO as an inflow regulating means.

If configured as in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. It is fed through oriented holes 36. As a result, the fuel oil reliably flows in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber 12, thereby preventing the fuel oil from flowing in the axial direction, thereby improving combustibility.

It should be noted that this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and of course can be modified in various ways.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, two communication holes were formed in the distribution member, but as shown in FIG. There is a distance #! in the axial direction of the volute chamber 12 between the hole 16 and the communication hole 16. It is also possible to configure it by having it.

Then, since fuel oil is supplied to the swirl chamber 12 from the seven outlets, the swirling movement of the fuel oil within the swirl chamber 12 is promoted.

[Effects of the Invention As is clear from the detailed explanation above, according to this invention,
By providing the supply liquid inflow regulating means, the supply liquid is allowed to flow in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber, and the swirling motion of the supply liquid in the swirl chamber is improved, and the flow rate is controlled over a wide range. By increasing the flow rate ratio, it is possible to improve combustibility.

Further, according to the present invention, the structure is simple, maintenance and inspection are easy, and manufacturing is simple and costs can be kept low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of the variable flow rate nozzle, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the combination of the distribution member and the piston, and Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged sectional views of the main parts to explain the operation of the first embodiment. Yes; Figures 5 to 8 show a second embodiment of this invention;
The figure is a perspective view showing the combination state of the distribution member and the piston;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the porous member, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are enlarged sectional views of essential parts for explaining the operation of this second embodiment. Figures 9 and 10 show another embodiment, in which Figure 9 is a front view of the distribution member and Figure 1O is a side view of the distribution member. Figure 11 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional variable flow rate nozzle.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the main part of FIG. 11. In the figure, 2 is a variable flow rate nozzle, 4 is a main body, 6 is a nozzle hole, 8 is a cap, 10 is a distribution member, 12 is a swirl chamber, 14
16 is a communication hole, 20 is a piston, 22 is a fin portion, and 28 is a supply liquid flow path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A nozzle hole provided at the tip of the main body, a swirl chamber connected to the nozzle hole,
A communication hole connected to the swirl chamber and having an outlet for the supply liquid, a piston that changes the opening area of the outlet depending on the positional relationship with the main body, and a piston that closes unnecessary parts of the communication hole depending on the forward and backward positions of the piston to supply the liquid. A flow rate control mechanism for a variable flow rate nozzle, comprising an inflow regulating means provided so that liquid flows in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber. 2. Claim 1, wherein the inflow regulating means is an inflow regulating means in which a fin portion provided on the tip side of the piston regulates the communication hole depending on the forward and backward positions of the piston.
Flow rate control mechanism of the variable flow rate nozzle described in . 3. The inflow regulating means is an inflow regulating means having a porous member inserted into the communication hole and formed with a plurality of holes oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the swirling flow generated in the swirl chamber. Flow rate control mechanism of the variable flow rate nozzle according to scope 1.