JPS628805B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to heating appliances that use electric heaters, gas/oil burners, hot water, etc. as heat sources, and particularly relates to a control device for the calorific value, that is, the heating capacity, of these heating appliances. A typical example of this type of heating appliance is an electric stove. This electric stove provides heating mainly using radiant heat generated by an electric heater. Conventionally, the amount of heat generated in an electric heater is controlled by a circuit as shown in FIG. 8, for example. That is, the commercial power supply 31
When power is supplied to the electric heater 32 as a heating element, the control circuit 33 controls the amount of electricity supplied to the electric heater 32 . The control circuit 33 uses a thyristor 34, and the conduction angle of the thyristor 34 is controlled by a gate trigger circuit 36 having a programmable union transistor (PUT) 35 as a trigger element. Further, the amount of electricity supplied to the electric heater 32 can be set to any desired amount of heat by appropriately setting a volume 37 provided in the gate trigger circuit 36. Some simple ones change the amount of heat generated by turning multiple electric heaters on and off with a switch. In addition, some gas stoves use controls to turn on and off the gas supply to multiple burners to change the amount of heat generated. In any of these heating devices, the amount of heat generated is fixed to the amount of heat set by the user. Although heating originally provides comfort by providing a feeling of warmth, the amount of heat generated by this type of heating equipment is fixed, so when heating for a relatively long time, Along with the physical familiarity, the feeling of comfort gradually disappears, and even causes discomfort. In other words, the general human characteristic that a stimulus no longer feels pleasant when a stimulus is applied for a long period of time also applies to the stimulus of heating. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-described conventional heat generation control devices for heating appliances, and to provide a heat generation control device that can always provide a fresh and pleasant feeling of heating even when used for a long time. Generally, when changing the amount of heat generated, if the time series of the amount of heat generated Q can be considered to be a regular process, a loss of comfort due to familiarity is inevitable. In other words, for example, if the change in heat generation Q is sinusoidal, there will be a change, but since the change itself is regular, the change will become predictable, and as a result, the freshness of the change in stimulation will be lost, and it will not feel comfortable. Feelings are also lost.
Also, if the time series of the calorific value Q is an irregular process,
For example, when the power spectrum is a constant value regardless of frequency, such as white noise,
The amount of heat generated at a certain point has no correlation with the amount of heat generated before that point, and for the user it feels abrupt rather than fresh, and therefore is not pleasant. For example, when the power spectrum is inversely proportional to the square of the frequency, such as in Brownian motion, the amount of heat generated changes very slowly, and the change is hardly felt. Furthermore, if the time-series power spectrum of the calorific value Q is inversely proportional to the frequency, it will be located between the above-mentioned white noise-like changes and Brownian motion-like changes, so it will not feel abrupt but rather refreshing. As a result, heating that is always comfortable for humans can be obtained. Therefore, the present invention aims to achieve always fresh and comfortable heating by controlling the amount of heat generated so that the power spectrum of the amount of heat generated is inversely proportional to the frequency. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on drawings showing embodiments thereof. In Figure 1, 1 is a commercial power supply,
2 is an electric heater as a heating element, and 3 is a control circuit that controls the amount of current supplied to the electric heater 2. This control circuit 3 uses a thyristor 4, and the conduction angle of this thyristor 4 is determined by a programmable unidirectional transistor (PUT). ) 5 as a trigger element. Fixed resistors 6a to 6d are provided within the control circuit 3. A signal generator 7 generates a signal whose power spectrum is inversely proportional to frequency. This signal generator 7 is constructed as follows. That is, 8 is a DC power supply whose output voltage is Vcc, and supplies DC to the circuit shown below. A binary counter 9 outputs address signals a1 to a4 from its output terminals 01 to 04. 10 is a read-only memory element (hereinafter referred to as RM), and this RM10
stores 16 pieces of 4-bit data. Addresses are designated by address signals a1 to a4 applied to address terminals A1 to A4, and data (φ to F) at the addresses are outputted as d1 to d4 from output terminals 01 to 04. Also, the data has a 4-bit configuration, namely d4, d3, d2,
The lower two bits d2 and d1 are for controlling the heat generation amount Q1 to Q4, and the upper two bits _d4 and _D3 are for controlling the heat generation amount Q1 to Q4 duration T1 to T4. Of the lower two bits d2 and d1 of the data, 0, 0 is placed in Q1, 0, 1 is placed in Q2, 1, 0
is assigned to Q3, 1, 1 to Q4, and of the upper two bits d4, d3, 0, 0 is assigned to T1, and 0, 1 is assigned to T1.
2, 1, 0 to T3, and 1, 1 to T4. Furthermore, the data d4, d3, d2, and d1 are arranged in address order so that the power spectrum of both the time series of the heat generation amount Q and the time series of the duration T thereof is inversely proportional to the frequency. 11
A and 11B are decoders, 11A decodes the lower two bits d2 and d1 of the data, and 11B decodes the upper two bits d4 and d3 of the data, and outputs a corresponding signal. It is shown below.

[Table] 12A and 12B are P-MOS open drain type buffers, which are connected to the decoders 11A and 11.
Amplify the output of B. Note that the power source of the buffer 12A is the same commercial power synchronous power source as the power source of the control circuit 3. In addition, the outputs e4, e3 of the buffer 12A,
e2 and e1 are output signals of the signal generator 7, and these are the fixed resistances 6d>6c of the control circuit 3, respectively.
>6b>6a. For example, output signal e1
If is "Hi", the conduction angle of the thyristor 4 becomes large and the amount of heat generated Q becomes the maximum Q1. If the output signal e4 is "Hi", the conduction angle of the thyristor 4 becomes small, and the amount of heat generated Q becomes the minimum value Q4. Therefore, the resistance value of the resistor 6a is smaller than the other resistors, and the resistance value of the resistor 6d is larger than the other resistors. That is, the output signals e4, e3, e2, e1
correspond to the calorific values Q4, Q3, Q2, and Q1. The output of the buffer 12B is f1 to f4 according to the outputs 01, 02, 03, 04 of the decoder 11B.
is input to the timer 13 as follows. This timer 13 is a so-called analog timer, and the timer time is the time it takes for the charging voltage c charged on the capacitor to reach the reference voltage r, and this timer 13 uses the inputs f1 to f4 to determine the speed at which the capacitor is charged. is controlled and has four timer times T1 to T4. That is, the outputs f1 to f4 of the buffer 12B and the timer time T
1 to T4 correspond to each other. The relationship between timer times T1 to T4 is T1<T2<T3<
It is T4. Further, the electric charge charged in the capacitor is instantly discharged by the output of a differentiator composed of a resistor, a capacitor, and a buffer the moment the output of the operational amplifier 14 becomes "Hi". Note that the output of the timer 13, that is, the output (CLK) of the operational amplifier 14, is input to the binary counter 9 as a clock signal for the binary counter 9. Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, A indicates the output of the binary counter 9, that is, the address signals a4, a3, a.
2, a1, b is data output d4, d3, d2,
d1 is the state of data output, H is the state of the data output, TO is the output e1 to e4 of the signal generator 7, L is is the output f1 to f4 of the buffer 12B, Y is the timer 1
3 capacitor charging voltage c (dotted line is reference voltage r)
, ta indicates the clock signal (CLK) of the operational amplifier 14, and d indicates the heat generation amount Q of the heater 2, respectively. First, starting at time tφ, the output of the binary counter 9, that is, the address signal is φ
Then, the φ address of RM10 is specified. Then, the data 0, 0, 0, 0 is output and the decoder 1
1A decodes the lower two bits d2 and d1 of this data, and the output signal e1 of the buffer 12A outputs a "Hi" signal. Further, the decoder 11B decodes the upper bits d4 and d3 of the data, and the output signal f1 of the buffer 12B outputs a "Hi" signal. Note that since the output signal e1 of the buffer 12A is "Hi", the control circuit 3 maximizes the energization rate of the heater 2 and sets the heat generation amount Q to the maximum Q1. On the other hand, the timer 13 receives the output signal f of the buffer 12B.
Since 1 is "Hi", the capacitor is charged in the minimum time. That is, the charging voltage c of the capacitor reaches the reference voltage r at time T1. This results in
The clock signal (CLK) of the operational amplifier 14 becomes "Lo" once, and when the charging voltage c of the capacitor of the timer 13 becomes "Lo", it becomes "Hi" again (time t1). That is, as the clock signal (CLK) changes from "Hi" to "Lo" to "Hi", the output of the binary counter 9 becomes (0, 0, 0, 1), and the address of the RM 10 is designated as address 1. When the data at address 1 (0, 1, 1, 0) is output and decoded by decoders 11A and 11B,
This time, the output signal e3 of buffer 12A is “Hi”
And the output signal f2 of the buffer 12B becomes "Hi". As a result, the heat generation amount Q of the heater 2 becomes Q3, and its duration T becomes T2. After this operation is repeated, when the output of the binary counter 9 becomes (1, 1, 1, 1), RM10
The address F is specified, and the corresponding data is output. After that, when the clock signal (CLK) of the operational amplifier 14 is input to the binary counter 9, the output of the binary counter 9 is again (0,
0, 0, 0), and the φ address is designated for RM10. After that, repeat these operations. In addition, in the above example, in order to simplify the explanation,
The storage capacity of RM10 was set to 4 bits x 16, but
In reality, it is possible to obtain an RM with an extremely large capacity, and therefore it is very easy to increase the capacity to more than 16 types of data as in the above embodiment. Time series of calorific values obtained in this way Q1, Q3, Q2, Q4, Q3, Q
4, Q1, ... and the time series T1 of its duration T,
The power spectra of T2, T4, T3, T3, T1, T2, ... are inversely proportional to the frequency because the data outputs d2, d1 and d4, d3 are arranged in advance so that these power spectra are inversely proportional to the frequency. I will do it. In addition, in the above embodiment, the amount of heat generated by the heater 2 Q1 to Q
4 is fixed, but it can be easily changed by replacing the fixed resistors 6a to 6d that determine this with a volume control. In particular, it is desirable to add a volume to the maximum value Q1 and minimum value Q4 of the calorific value so that the user can set them arbitrarily according to his or her senses, so that the set values can be changed. This means that it is better to vary the maximum value Q1 and minimum value Q4 of the heat generation amount so that their respective power spectra are inversely proportional to the frequency. Figure 3 is a partial circuit diagram of an embodiment in which both the maximum value Q1 and the minimum value Q4 of the heat generation amount are varied.By adding the circuit of this Figure 3 to the circuit of Figure 1, the amount of heat generation can be reduced The maximum value Q1 and the minimum value Q4 can be varied. That is, a read-only memory element (hereinafter referred to as RM) 15 is added, and its address is specified using address signals a4, a3, a2, and a1. In the data of RM15, the upper two bits are used to control the maximum value Q1 of the heat generation amount, and the lower bits are used to control the minimum value Q4 of the heat generation amount. In the circuit of FIG. 3, the fixed resistors 6a and 6d of the circuit of FIG.
fixed resistors 16A, 16B, 16C and 17A,
17B and 17C are substituted. These fixed resistors 16A, 16B, 16C, 17A, 17B, 1
Among 7C, 16B, 16C, 17B, and 17C have analog switches 18C, 18D, and 18, respectively.
A, 18B are connected in parallel, and this analog switch 18C, 18D, 18A, 18B is R
Controlled by M15 outputs 03, 04, 01, 02. Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 3 will be explained with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. address signal a4
~ When a1 is φ, the data output of RM15 is (1, 1, 0, 0), and the analog switch 18
Both A and 18B are off, and the resistance value is 17A.
The combined resistance is ~17C, and the level of the minimum heat generation amount Q4 is the lowest Q4C. Also, at this time, analog switches 18C and 18D are both on, resistors 16B and 16C are shot, and only resistor 16A is left, and the level of maximum heat generation Q1 is the highest level.
It becomes A. Outputs e4, e3, e of signal generator 7
2, e1 changes in the same way as in Figure 1, so the time t
From φ to t1, the amount of heat generated by the heater 2 is Q1A. Then, at time t1, address signals a4 to a1 become 1, but the same data as the φ address is 1, 1, 0, 0.
is stored and output. but,
Since the output e3 of the signal generator 7 is "Hi", the levels of the maximum calorific value Q1 and the minimum calorific value Q4 are irrelevant. At time t2, the data output of RM15 becomes (1, 1, 1, 1), and analog switch 1
8A, 18B, 18C, 18D are all turned on,
The level of the minimum calorific value Q4 is the maximum level Q4A.
However, since the output e2 of the signal generator 7 is "Hi" at this time as well, these levels are irrelevant. At time t3, the data output of RM15 is (0,
0, 0, 1), and only the analog switch 18A is turned on. Therefore, the level of the maximum calorific value Q1 is the lowest level, Q1C, and the level of the minimum calorific value Q4 is the intermediate level, Q4B. At this time, the signal generator 7
Since the output e4 of is “Hi”, the amount of heat generated Q is Q
It becomes 4B. Thereafter, the operations described above are repeated. Fluctuation in the level of maximum calorific value Q1 A, A, A,
Changes in the level of C, B, C, C, ... and the minimum calorific value Q4 Data such that the power spectrum of each of C, C, A, B, B, A, A, ... is inversely proportional to the frequency is RM15 is stored, the power spectra of the maximum calorific value Q1 and the minimum calorific value Q4 are inversely proportional to the frequency. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the maximum and minimum values of the calorific value are fixed, but in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, they can be varied, so that more comfortable heating can be obtained. Note that some electric stoves with a simple structure have two electric heaters and can switch the total amount of heat generated in two stages. For such electric stoves, the calorific value Q is changed to QA by alternating the calorific value Q with QA and QB, and by varying the duration of each so that its power spectrum is inversely proportional to the frequency. Or you can get a higher feeling of comfort than when fixing it to the QB. An example in this case is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 2A and 2B are electric heaters, and 3' is a control circuit.
and a relay 20 that turns off the electric heater 2A and turns on and off the electric heater 2A. 7' is a signal generator, and the same numbers as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts. 10' is a read-only memory element (hereinafter referred to as RM);
This RM10' has different data contents from the RM10 of FIG. 1, and instead of d4-d1, output signals f4-f1 of the buffer 12B are stored. 21 is a flip-flop which receives the output (CLK) of the timer 13, and its output h is inverted every time this clock signal (CLK) changes from "Hi" to "Lo". The operation will be explained with reference to the timing chart of FIG. First, from time tφ to t1
Until then, the output h of the flip-flop 21 is "Lo", the relay 20 is turned off, and the electric heater 2B is turned off.
Since only one is energized, the amount of heat generated Q is QB.
At time t1, the clock signal (CLK) is input to the flip-flop 21, and as a result, the output h of the flip-flop 21 becomes "Hi" and the relay 20
is turned on and only the electric heater 2A is energized, so the amount of heat generated Q becomes QA. In this case QA and QB
The relationship is QA>QB. Below, the calorific value is
QA and QB are repeated alternately for a duration T
is a time series of T1, T2, T4, T3, T1, T2, . . . , and its power spectrum is inversely proportional to the frequency. In this way, the calorific value Q is QA and QB
The duration of each cycle varies in inverse proportion to the frequency, providing a much higher level of comfort than traditional electric heaters. This can also be achieved with extremely simple equipment. Furthermore, by simply changing the amount of heat generated while keeping the duration constant, comfort can be improved to some extent, and this also has the effect of simplifying the device. For example, there is an embodiment as shown in FIG. The same numbers as in FIG. 1 indicate the same items. That is, the signal generator 7'' eliminates the decoder 11B, buffer 12B, and timer 13 in FIG.
2 is provided separately to generate a floating signal for the binary counter 9. In addition,
The read-only storage element 10'' changes the data content and stores the output signals e4-e1 of the signal generator 7''. This allows decoder 11A to be removed. Its operation is almost the same as in Figure 1,
However, the duration T is the oscillation time interval To of the oscillator 22.
remains constant. The amount of heat generated in this device is controlled so that its power spectrum is inversely proportional to the frequency, but the duration T is constant. For this reason, although the feeling of comfort is inferior to that of the device shown in FIG. 1, the effect is that a feeling of comfort that is still higher than that of the conventional device can be obtained with a device that is simpler than that shown in FIG. The present invention has been explained above using an electric stove as an example. However, for example, in controlling the calorific value of a gas stove using a gas burner, a solenoid valve, an electromagnetic proportional valve, etc. can be used instead of controlling the amount of current applied to the electric heater. , the present invention can be easily implemented. Control of the amount of heat generated by a fan coil unit or the like using hot water can be achieved by controlling the flow rate of hot water or by controlling the speed of an attached blower fan. In either case, the calorific value is
By controlling the power spectrum so that it is inversely proportional to the frequency, heating with high comfort can be obtained. As described above, the present invention includes a signal generator that generates an irregular signal whose power spectrum is inversely proportional to the frequency, and a control circuit that controls the amount of heat generated by a heating appliance in accordance with the irregular signal. The generator includes a counter that sequentially outputs address signals, and a read-only memory that receives the address signal and outputs data of the corresponding address, and stores in advance two series of signals whose power spectra are inversely proportional to the frequency in digital quantities. a first decoder that decodes the digital data of one series of the two series signals and outputs it as an irregular signal; and a second decoder that decodes the digital data of the other series of the two series signals and outputs it to the timer. a decoder, and the second
The timer time is determined by the output of the decoder of the above-mentioned counter, and the output of the timer is connected to the clock input of the counter. Since the control is inversely proportional to the frequency, it is possible to eliminate the disadvantages caused by maintaining a constant heat output as in the past, and it has the excellent effect of maintaining extremely comfortable heating for a long time. can get.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the circuit in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a main part electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the circuit in FIG. 3. , FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the circuit in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention. 8 are electrical circuit diagrams of a conventional heating appliance. 3, 3'... Control circuit, 7, 7', 7''... Signal generator, 9... Counter, 10, 10', 10''...
...Read-only storage element, 11A, 11B...Decoder, 13...Timer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A signal generator that generates an irregular signal whose power spectrum is inversely proportional to frequency, and a control circuit that controls the amount of heat generated by a heating appliance according to the irregular signal, and the signal generator sequentially outputs an address signal. a read-only storage element that receives the address signal and outputs data at the corresponding address and stores in advance two series of signals whose power spectra are inversely proportional to the frequency in digital quantities; A first decoder decodes one series of digital data and outputs it as an irregular signal, and a second decoder decodes the other series of digital data of the two series signals and outputs it to a timer.
and a timer whose timer time is determined by the output of the second decoder and whose output is connected to the clock input of the counter.