JPS6283052A - Vertical type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing raw materials for cement, coal, chemicals, etc. through the cooperation of a rotary table and rollers.

[Prior art]

Vertical crushers equipped with a rotary table and rollers are widely used as a type of crusher for finely crushing granules such as cement raw materials, coal, and chemicals into powder. This type of crusher consists of a disk-shaped rotary table that is driven by a motor with a reducer to rotate at low speed in the lower part of a cylindrical casing, and a part that divides the outer circumference of the upper surface into equal parts in the circumferential direction, which is pressed by hydraulic pressure or the like. It is equipped with a plurality of a-ra which are driven to rotate.

The granules, which are supplied to the center of the rotary table through a supply pipe and serve as a constant raw material, are subjected to centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the table, and as they slide on the table, a force in the J:9 rotational direction is applied to the table. The table rotates at a somewhat slow rotation speed of J: 9 as it slides between the table and the table. The above two forces, ie, the radial and rotational forces, are combined, and the powder moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table while drawing a spiral trajectory on the table. Since the roller is in pressure contact with this outer periphery and is rotating, the granules with spiral lines enter between the roller and the rotary table in direction A, which forms an angle in the axial direction of the roller, and are bitten and pulverized. Ru.

On the other hand, hot air is guided through a duct V at the base of the casing, and the fine powder is dried by blowing up the hot air from the annular space between the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table and the inner circumferential surface of the casing. The whole inside of the casing rises,
It is discharged from the discharge port ρλ as a mixture with hot air and sent to the next process.

Conventionally, the structure within the annular space for blowing hot air up from the annular space is a swirling type in which the hot air is blown up while swirling in a tornado shape, and a structure that blows up the hot air in a tornado-like manner. A conical type is used in which the air is blown up in a conical shape towards the area.

Figure 7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a vertical crusher that adopts a rotating hot air blowing structure, and Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 7.
To explain this based on the figure, an annular space 3 is formed between a cylindrical casing 1 and a rotary table 2 that rotates within the lower part of the casing 1. The blades 4 are arranged to block the annular space 3 at equal intervals. Each blade 4 is inclined in a direction in which the upper end is in front with respect to the rotating direction of the rotary table 20, and the blade angle β at this inclination angle is between 300° and 70° depending on the particle size of the material to be crushed. is selected.

(1) When the rotary table 2 rotates and the hot air blows up in the annular space 3, the blades 4 are partially exposed. The crushed material is raised while rotating in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG.

Next, Fig. 9 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a nine-vertical crusher that adopts a round-shaped hot air blowing structure, and Fig. 10 shows the CCvfr surface of 8 in Fig. To explain, in an annular space T formed between a constricted cylindrical casing 5 and a rotary table 6 that rotates in its lower part, a plurality of blades 8 move the annular space T at equal intervals. It is installed in such a way that it can be shut off. In this case, the blade angle β of each blade 8 is 90°, which is a straight line, and a companion armor ring 9 formed in an annular shape is provided above the blade 8.

With this configuration, the hot air blowing up vertically between the V4Wc blades 8 collides with the armor ring 9 and is deflected, forming two cones inside and outside the cone shown by arrows in FIG. It rises while being held in place, and lifts the crushed material. There is no wind inside this cone.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the following problems remain in this complicated conventional rotating nine-cone hot air blowing structure. That is, first of all, the advantage of the rotating type is that the residence time of the hot air above the rotary table 2 is long, and drying is performed well by heat exchange between the raw material and the hot air.
On the other hand, since the flow glands of hot air do not travel straight but in a swirling flow, the vent pressure loss is constantly consumed, and in order to blow up the required air volume, a large air volume and air blowing equipment with 4 units of wind pressure is required. There was a problem in that the costs and power costs increased significantly. In addition, when the hot air swirls, the coarse particles that are swirling upward are blown away by centrifugal force in the direction along the inner wall of the casing 1, so they do not fall onto the pull 2 and are returned to the ground, giving them a chance to be re-pulverized. There was a problem in that the grinding efficiency decreased as a result.

Next, in the case of a conical type, the hot air blowing up is monotonically decelerated as it travels straight along the ridgelines of the two cones, the inner and outer sides. This increases pressure loss and requires large air blowing equipment, which increases equipment and power costs.

Since the silent wind does not rotate and centrifugal force does not act on the coarse particles, the return rate to the rotating table is higher than that of the rotating type, but on the other hand, the intermediate particles fly higher towards the top of the cone A frequent problem was that it was ejected and difficult to return to the rotary table.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve all of these problems, in the present invention, plate-shaped blades arranged in parallel in the hot air blowing passage around the rotary table are arranged so that the angle between the radiation passing through the center of the crusher and the hot air flow line is the blade deflection angle. It was formed into a three-dimensional mold so that the angle between the hot air flow line and the horizontal plane, that is, the rising angle, was 50° to 80°.

[Effect]

With this configuration, the hot air that blows up completely in the blowing passage rises along the gas streamline formed by the blade surface, and the powder and granules that are blown up by the hot air are reduced due to the decrease in the hot air flow velocity after passing through the blade. Particle gravity overcomes the hot air drag and the coarse particles fall onto the head, but due to the effect of the deflection angle, they fall to the center of the machine table, increasing the chance of re-pulverization, even in the case of conventional swirl and conical types. In addition, since the gravitational force of the powder particles is small, they reach the separator at the top of the pulverizer while being carried by hot air.

[Sudden example]

Figures 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the vertical crusher according to the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, Figure 2 is a partial plan view near the hot air blowing passage, and Figure 3 is a partial plan view of the vicinity of the hot air blowing passage. is a sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. In these figures, the crusher 11 includes a casing 12 that houses the entire crushing group including a rotary table 17, which will be described later.
The casing 12 includes a cylindrical casing fixed to the floor and a lower skin casing, and a hollow casing 12 formed into a drum-shaped cylinder with a circular cross section and whose central part is joined to the earthwork. It is integrally formed with a main body 14 and an upper casing 15 joined to the upper end thereof. A speed reducer 16 with a motor is disposed in the center of the lower casing 13, and a rotary table 1T formed in a disc shape is mounted on the output shaft facing upward, and a speed reducer 16 is installed in the center of the lower casing 13. @
16 and rotates clockwise when viewed from above in FIG.

Reference numeral 18 denotes an arm shaft supported horizontally at a position dividing the outer part of the upper end surface into four equal parts in the circumferential direction, and an arm 19 is layered on each arm shaft 18.
, a crushing lobe 20 formed in the shape of a conical head is rotatably supported through the entire roller shaft 21, and each crushing roller 20 is attached to the upper end outer circumferential surface r of the rotary table 1γ (the circumferential surfaces are in contact with each other). ing.

Each arm 19 is drivingly connected to a fluid pressure cylinder (not shown), etc., and is oscillated by the drive thereof, and a crushing roller 20 and a rotary table 17 according to the supply particle size of the material to be crushed, etc. Between me! ] is adjusted.

On the other hand, above the center of the rotary table 17, a cylindrical raw material supply pipe 22 is connected to a duct 23 and a stay 24.
The raw material such as limestone, which is conveyed by the conveyor 25 in the duct 23, falls completely inside the raw material supply pipe 22 and reaches the rotary table 1.
1.

Further, below the outer periphery of the rotary table 1γ, a ring-shaped hot air passage 26 is installed in a duct (not shown) and is fully connected to the hot air generator. : Between the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table 1T and the inner surface of the casing body 14, an annular specific hot air blowing passage 27 is formed to communicate the hot air passage 26 and the inner chamber of the casing body 14. . The inner circumferential wall 28 and the outer circumferential wall 29 of this hot air blowing passage 27 have an inclined cross section as shown in FIG. The angle V, that is, the rising angle V between the hot air flow line and the horizontal plane is set to be 20° to 50°. Furthermore, both the inner and outer peripheral walls 2B of the hot air blowing passage 27
, 29 are provided with a plurality of plate-shaped blades 3.
0 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, blocking the passage 27. Each blade 30 has an angle φ between a ray passing through the center of the blade 30 and a perpendicular line, respectively indicated by symbols F and Fl in FIG. #4 is inclined so that the angle φ is between 20° and 50°, and in the direction of this inclination, the outer peripheral wall 2, indicated by reference numeral G in FIG.
The direction is set such that the 9 side is in the lead direction.

31 is a rotary cylinder 31 that is fully fitted concentrically with the raw material @ supply cylinder 22
a and an inverted cone-shaped classification plate 31b fixed to its lower part.
The upper casing 15 is rotatably supported by a bearing 32 at the upper end of the upper casing 15 through a separator integrally formed with the upper casing 15.
It is rotationally driven by a motor 37 via a belt 35 stretched between the two'J 33 and 34 and a speed reducer 36.

Reference numeral 38 is opened in the upper casing 15 and is connected to a dust collector or the like (not shown) through a duct.

The operation of the crusher configured as described above will be explained by taking the crushing of limestone as an example. After starting the reducer 16 and motor 37 to rotate the rotary table 17 and separator 31, the limestone is conveyed by the conveyor 25 and supplied to the raw material supply pipe 22, and this limestone is transferred to the rotary table 1T.
It falls to the center of the rotary table 17, and moves toward the outer periphery of the rotary table 17 with a spiral trajectory over the entire surface due to the rotation of the rotary table 1γ and the centrifugal force. Since the crushing roller 20 is rotating on the outer periphery of the rotary table 17, most of the moved limestone is caught between the crushing roller 20 and the rotary table 1γ, and is crushed by compression, impact, and shearing action. It becomes a fine powder. This fine powder, as well as the next large particles and intermediate particles that come off the periphery of the rotary table 1γ without being bitten by the crushing roller 20, fall into the hot air blowing passage 27, but at this time, they are sent through a duct by a hot air generator. The hot air flowing through the hot air passage 26
・As the hot air is blown up into the hot air blowing passage, these fine powders and intermediate particles (1) rise inside the pulverizer together with the hot air.The rising fine powders and intermediate particles collide with the classification plate 31b of the separator 31, are classified, and become fine powder. The particles pass through the separator 31, are discharged from the exhaust port 38, and are later collected through dust collection, etc.Then, the intermediate particles that did not pass through the separator 31 fall onto the rotary table 17 and are reduced to the above-mentioned particles. The crushing and classification are repeated.

Figures 4 to 6 show the blowing up of the hot air and the pulverized material during this effortless pulverization operation, which are shown in front, top, and perspective views, respectively, based on the upward locus of the 7-batch hot air pulverized powder and granules. I will explain this in more detail. The symbols in each figure are as follows.

Ro...Radius R1 of the inner circumferential wall 28 of the hot air blowing passage 27...Same radius R2 of the outer circumferential wall 29...Same radius H1 of the center...
Height H from the lower end of the hot air blowing passage 27 to the upper end of the casing drum-shaped part! ... Similarly, separator 3
1 Height to the center Rt...Radius Re of the above height H+ point...Radius φ of the above height R2 point...Blade deflection angle, that is, passing through the center of the crusher and the center of the blade 30 Angle V between the radiation and the hot air flow line: Blade rising angle, ie, inclination angle of the inner peripheral walls 2B, 29 in FIG.

γ...Fluid spread at 9 angles, that is, the angle formed by the blowing direction of hot air at both ends of the blade 30 (on one side).

φl... Blade deflection angle φ is 9 degrees or more.As is clearly indicated in each figure, in this device, the blade deflection angle φ is 20° to 50°.
Since the blade rising angle Pi is set to 50' to 80', the following wind force acts on the powder falling from the periphery of the rotary table 17 to the hot air blowing passage 27. That is, the inner peripheral wall 21 of the hot air blowing passage 2γ
'! , 29 is a model with a blade rising angle π. The hot air travels straight without turning, and as shown in FIG. The specific hot air is surrounded by the conical surface and the extended surface of the blade 29 and rises in the space, but since the blade 30 is tilted with a blade deflection angle φ, the specific hot air is guided along the blade 30. The plan view is shown in Figure 5, and the plan is to spread out 1t4r and go straight upward diagonally.
The space surrounded by the hot air does not have a conical shape as described above, but instead has a monoplane hyperboloid shape as shown in FIG. This Kasurai,
The hot air and the powder blown up by it are separated by the separator 31.
As the hot air flows straight toward the 0-class plate 31a, the flow speed of the hot air transporting the particles increases, and as the flow speed increases, the flow speed is rapidly monotonically decelerated from the initial speed. Therefore, the trajectory of the powder and granules rising with the hot air is that the larger the particles, the faster they return to the rotary table 17, and eventually reach the separator 3.
The incident particle diameter reaching 1 becomes smaller. In addition, the flow velocity of the hot air is not increased at the top of the cone unlike in the conventional conical type, and there are fewer collisions of particles with each other and collisions of particles with the wall surface, so there is less pressure loss.

Here, the reason why the blade deflection angle φ is set to 20 to 50 degrees will be explained. When we experimented with several different types of wind fkf, we found that when φ = 20° to 50°, the return rate of the material to be crushed to the table was better when φ = 90° than in a conventional turning machine where φ = 90°, and the roller part The reduction state to 20°~50° binding. Note that φ
If the value of φl is set to 20°, the blade will no longer be able to fulfill its original role.

Next, the reason why the blade rising angle is set to 50° to 85° will be explained. In an experiment in which limestone was used as the material to be crushed and the weight of the limestone and air volume were varied several times,
When the total angle is 50' to 85°, both are 70° in gr.
The residence time of the material to be crushed in the air is F = 90'
It is relatively short compared to the blade part, and the pressure loss at the blade part is smaller than that of the 85° blade. Even if we take into consideration all the falling critical air volume required to lift the material to be crushed, F = 50' to 85 with γ angle of 70°
Since the case of F shows good results, in the present invention, F is set to 50
' to 85°. In addition, with the invention, good results were obtained due to the synergistic effect of both φ and V, and it was experimentally confirmed that the pressure loss at the blade part was about 10~b compared to the conventional one.

The above values of φ and V depend on the type of pulverized raw material, the supplied particle size, the particle size of the Iti product, and the capacity of the pulverizer (pulverization).

The most suitable combination is adopted for wind erosion of the crusher.

Specifically, input the particle density, supply particle diameter, separator incident particle diameter, crusher size, wind fc% into the computer, and use it as the φ and Vf2 parameters to simulate the particle trajectory inside the crusher! Determine the optimal combination of almsgiving.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, the present invention has a feature that, in a vertical crusher, the plate-like blades 17-- which are arranged in parallel in the hot air blowing passage around the rotary table, are arranged so that the radiation passing through the center of the crusher is The hot air streamlines are tilted so that the angle between them is 20° to 50°, and the angle between the hot air streamlines and the horizontal plane is 20' to 50'. F, in configuring the directions into a three-dimensional type.
The hot air blowing up in the blowing passage and the powder and granules rising along with it move straight while being rapidly monotonically decelerated, so the trajectory of the powder and granules is ideal, and the collection rate of large particles to the rotary table and fine particles are improved. Is the incidence rate of particles into the separator different from that of the conventional swirling one-cone hot air blow-up structure? ! This is a significant improvement over the 1-M crusher, and pressure loss is reduced by eliminating swirling of the hot air and granular material and speed increase at the elevated position.

It is expected that the grinding efficiency will be improved by improving the table reduction rate, and it will be possible to downsize the air blowing equipment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 6 show an embodiment of the vertical crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view near the hot air blowing passage, and FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the vicinity of the hot air blowing passage. is an EE sectional view of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a front view of the ascending locus of hot air and powder, Fig. 5 is a plan view, Fig. 6 is a perspective view, and Fig. 7 is a conventional rotating type. A schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a vertical crusher that adopts a hot air blow-up structure, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in Figure 7, and Figure 9 is a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a vertical crusher that employs a conventional conical hot air blow-up structure. 10 is a CC plan view of FIG. 9. 11... Vertical crusher, 12... Casing, 1
7...Rotary table, 27...Hot air blowing passage, 28...Inner peripheral wall, 29...Outer peripheral wall, 30...
...Blade, φ...The angle between the radial set passing through the center of the blade and the perpendicular line, V...The angle between the ridgeline of the inner and outer circumferential walls of the hot air blowing passage and the horizontal plane.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a vertical crusher comprising a plurality of plate-like plates arranged in parallel in an annular hot air blowing passage formed between the inner wall of the casing and the outer peripheral part of the rotary table and blocking this passage in the circumferential direction, The blades are tilted so that the angle between the radiation passing through the center of the crusher and the hot air streamline is 20° to 50°, and the rising angle between the hot air streamline and the horizontal plane is 50° to 80°. A vertical crusher characterized by being formed as follows.