JPS6270684A - Vane type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To feed oil to a bearing sufficiently to improve the durability of the bearing, by linking an oil passage to an oil basin near a check valve to link or break the way between a vane back-pressure room and the bearing, and a discharge pressure room. CONSTITUTION:At a linking hole 22 to link a vane back-pressure room 11a, a roller bearing 14, and a shaft sealing room 15, to a discharge pressure room 19, a check valve 23 is furnished to feed the discharge gas into the vane back- pressure room 11a to help the flying out of the vane when the pressure in the discharge pressure room 19 is low in the starting. Near the check valve 23, ends of oil leading holes 25 and 26 to an oil basin 24 are opened to feed oil to the roller bearing 14 and to the shaft sealing room 15 by a negative pressure generated when the check valve 23 is opened. Therefore, even in the starting of the compressor, oil is fed sufficiently to the roller bearing 14 and the shaft sealing room 15, and the durability of the roller bearing can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a vane compressor used, for example, as a refrigerant compressor in an automobile air conditioner.

(Prior art and its problems) Vane type compressors have a simple configuration and are suitable for high-speed rotation.
It is often used as a refrigerant compressor in vehicle air conditioners. In this vane type compressor, as the rotor rotates, the vanes contact the inner peripheral surface of the pump housing and rotate, changing the volume of the pump chamber and sucking, compressing, and discharging fluid.
In order to form the pump chamber, the vane must be brought into sufficient pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the pump housing. This pressing force is generated by the centrifugal force of the vane due to the rotation of the rotor and the pressure within the vane back pressure chamber. The vane back pressure chamber is
The pressure is formed at the bottom of the slit in the rotor in which the vane is retractably housed, and the pressure is generated when the compressed fluid in the pump chamber passes through the vane and the slit, through the clearances between the rotor both end surfaces, and the vane end surface and the inner surface of the pump housing. This is provided by the flow into the vane back pressure chamber. However, if the compressor is stopped for a long time, some of the vanes may fall into the slit toward the center of the rotor due to their own weight, and the tips of the vanes may be separated from the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing. When the compressor is started in this state, especially when the rotation speed is low immediately after startup, the centrifugal force acting on the vanes is small, and the compressor pressure has not risen, so the space in the vane back pressure chamber is expanded. The vane cannot follow the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing because the pressure in the vane back pressure chamber necessary for the vane to protrude cannot be obtained. For this reason, the vanes repeatedly move toward and away from the inner peripheral surface of the pump housing for a while after startup until the pressure of the compressed fluid rises, causing impact noise and damage to the members. On the other hand, a portion of the compressed gas that flows into the vane back pressure chamber further flows into the shaft seal chamber of the front head through the bearing section and lubricates the seal section, so when the compressor is stopped, this high pressure remains for a long time. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems that remain in the shaft seal chamber and cause fluid leakage and lubricant oil leakage from the shaft seal chamber, the present applicant previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 58-207238. We proposed a vane-type compressor related to No. The vane type compressor has a communication hole formed in one side wall (rear side block) of the pump housing to communicate the discharge pressure chamber and the seal chamber, thereby communicating the discharge pressure chamber and the vane back pressure chamber. When the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is lower than a predetermined value, the communication hole is opened to guide the discharge pressure to the vane back pressure chamber, and the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is lower than a predetermined value. A check valve is installed that closes the communication hole when the value is higher than the specified value.This makes it easier for the vane to protrude when the compressor starts, supplies lubricating oil to the roller bearing, and quickly seals the shaft when the compressor stops. The high pressure of fluid remaining in the chamber is configured to be released.

However, in this vane type compressor, the lubricating oil supplied to the roller bearings is only a small amount mixed in the fluid led from the discharge pressure chamber to the vane back pressure chamber, so the lubrication performance is not sufficient. However, there was a problem in that the roller bearings were prone to wear.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vane type compressor that improves the lubrication performance of the bearing portion and improves the durability of the roller bearing.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a cylindrical case body and a front head forming a sealed compressor case, and a pump housing containing a rotor inside the compressor case. The rotor is fitted onto a rotating shaft whose both ends are supported by bearings provided on the front and rear side walls of the pump housing, and the vanes can move forward and backward through a plurality of slits provided in the radial direction of the rotor. A vane back pressure chamber is formed at the bottom of the sulin 1 and communicates with the bearing section at the front and rear, and a discharge pressure chamber and a vane back pressure chamber are formed at one side wall of the pump housing through the bearing section. A communicating hole is bored, and a check valve is provided in the communicating hole, which opens the communicating hole when the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is lower than a predetermined value, and closes the communicating hole when the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is higher than the predetermined value. In the vane type compressor, an oil guide hole is formed on one side wall of the pump housing, and one end opens near the check valve of the communication hole, and the other end opens into an oil reservoir between the compressor case and the pump housing. It has a configuration with a hole.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 1st
The figure shows a longitudinal section of the compressor of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a compressor case, and a front head 4 is fitted to the other end of a cylindrical case body 2 with one end closed through an O-ring 3. It becomes fixed. A pump housing 5 is housed in the compressor case 1, and the pump housing 5 has front and rear side walls.

That is, a cam ring 8 is sandwiched between a front side block 6 and a rear side block 7.

A cylindrical rotor 10 fitted onto a rotating shaft 9 is rotatably housed within the pump housing 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 10 is provided with a plurality of slits 11 along its radial direction and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and plate-shaped vanes 12 are inserted into these slits 11 so as to be able to move forward and backward. These vanes 12 and the pump housing 5
A pump chamber 13 is formed by a space surrounded by the inner surface of the rotor 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 10 .

The front side block 6 and the rear side block 7
Annular grooves 6a and 7a are provided in the center of the mutually opposing surfaces of the slit 11.
It communicates with a vane back pressure chamber 11a provided at the inner end of the vane.

The rotating shaft 9 is rotatably supported at its substantially middle and end portions by bearings provided in the front side block 6 and rear side block 7, that is, by roller bearings 14 and 14', respectively, and its tip end is supported by the front head 4. The shaft seal chamber 15 provided therein is penetrated in an airtight state by a seal member 15a.

A suction pressure chamber 16 is provided between the front head 4 and the front side block 6, and the suction pressure chamber 16 communicates with a suction port 17 provided in the peripheral wall of the front head 4. Further, the suction pressure chamber 16 is communicated with the suction side of the pump chamber 13 via first and second suction boats 18a and 18b, which are provided on both sides of the fluorocarbon 1-side block 6, sandwiching the center thereof. There is.

The outer surface of the pump housing 5 and the cylindrical case body 2
A discharge pressure chamber 19 is provided between the inner surface of the case body 2 and the discharge pressure chamber 19, and the discharge pressure chamber 19 communicates with a discharge port 20 provided in the cylindrical case body 2. Further, the discharge pressure chamber 19 is communicated with the pump chamber 13 via a discharge boat with a discharge valve (not shown) provided on both sides of the peripheral wall of the cam ring 8.

A cap-shaped spacer q 21 a is fitted into a boss portion 7b formed on the rear end surface of the rear side block 7 concentrically with the roller bearing 14'.
A seal chamber 21 is formed to seal the opposite side of the rotor.

Furthermore, lubricating oil accumulates under its own weight in the space between the lower part of the inside of the compressor case 1 and the outer surface of the pump housing 5, forming an oil reservoir 24.

A communication hole 22 is formed in the rear side block 7 to communicate the discharge pressure chamber 19 with a seal chamber 21 on the outer end surface of the rear roller bearing 14', and a check valve 23 is provided in the communication hole 22. Specifically, the communication hole 22 is a large diameter hole 22a that accommodates the ball valve body 23a of the check valve 23, and the ball valve body 23a is urged toward the discharge pressure chamber 19 side.
A medium-diameter hole 22b that accommodates an opening spring 23b, a small-diameter hole 22c below the medium-diameter hole 22b, and a hole 22d that axially penetrates the boss portion 7b and opens into the seal chamber 21 are successively arranged.

The step between the large-diameter hole 22a and the medium-diameter hole 22b is tapered to form a valve seat 23c of the ball valve body 23a, and the stopper pin 2 of the ball valve body 23a is provided at the upper part of the large-diameter hole 22a.
3d is inserted.

In the check valve 23, when the fluid pressure in the discharge pressure chamber 19 is below a predetermined value, the ball valve body 23a is pressed by the spring 23b to open the communication hole 22, and when the fluid pressure in the discharge pressure chamber 19 is above a predetermined value, The ball valve body 23a is the spring 2
3b is compressed to close the communication hole 22.

Also, at the bottom of the rear side block 7, there are
As shown in the figure, the lower end opens into the oil reservoir 24,
A pair of V-shaped oil guide holes 25 whose upper end side is opened 25a on the rotor 10 side surface of the rear side block 7.
, 25 are provided.

Furthermore, the upper end of one of the oil guide holes 25 and the communication hole 2
An oil guide hole 26 communicating with the second large diameter hole 22a is bored. The upper opening 26a of the oil guide hole 26 is connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the large diameter hole 22a, specifically, to the wall surface 22a' facing the maximum diameter part 238' of the ball valve body 23a when the check valve 23 is opened, and to the valve seat. 23c (Fig. 3).

(Function) Next, the function of the compressor of the present invention having the above structure will be explained. The rotating shaft 9 is started and rotated by an engine or the like.
When the rotor 10 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. During the suction stroke in which the volume of the pump chamber 13 gradually expands, refrigerant gas, which is the fluid to be compressed, is sucked into the suction pressure chamber 16 from the suction port 17 .

The refrigerant gas sucked into the pump chamber 13 with the starting rotation of the rotary shaft 9 is compressed in a compression stroke to reduce the volume of the pump chamber 13, and then pushes open the discharge valve in the discharge stroke at the end of the compression stroke. The refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge port into the discharge pressure chamber 19, passes through the refrigerant gas circulation system from the discharge port 20, undergoes heat exchange, and then returns to the suction port 17 again.

In contrast to the above normal operation, the compressor is stopped for a long time, and some of the vanes 12 move inside the slit 11 into the rotor 1 due to their own weight.
If the compressor is started with the tip falling toward the center of the cam ring 8 and the tip is away from the inner circumferential surface of the cam ring 8, and the rotational speed is low immediately after starting, the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber 19 will be lower than the predetermined value. Therefore, the check valve 23 of the communication hole 22 is opened,
The vane back pressure chamber 11a is open to the discharge pressure chamber 19 through the rear annular groove 7a, the gap of the rear roller bearing 14', the seal chamber 21, and the communication hole 22. Therefore, when the compressor is started, even if the centrifugal force acting on the vanes 12 is small and the back pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 11a has not increased, the vane back pressure chamber 1
1a, the amount of fluid necessary to make the vane 12 protrude is supplied from the discharge pressure chamber 19 to the communication hole 22, the seal chamber 21. Since the vane 12 is replenished through the rear roller bearing 14' and the rear annular groove 7a, the vane 12 quickly protrudes and comes into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 8, so that the compressor can immediately enter a normal operating state.

When the check valve 23 is opened, the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 24 is supplied to the roller bearing 14, 14' through the oil guide holes 25, 26, etc. That is, when the check valve 23 is opened, the ball valve body 23a moves upward due to the biasing force of the spring 23b and separates from the valve seat 23σ, as shown in FIG.
However, in that case, since the gap between the maximum diameter part 238' of the ball valve body 23a and the wall surface 228' opposite thereto becomes the maximum constriction part 27, in the gap immediately below the maximum constriction part 27, The fluid flow rate increases rapidly, resulting in
The void 28 becomes under negative pressure.

The upper opening 26a of the oil guide hole 26 has a gap 2
8, that is, the opening is opened between the wall surface 22a' facing the maximum diameter part 238' of the ball valve body 23a and the valve seat 23c when the valve is opened, so that the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 24 flows through the oil guide holes 25, 26. The fluid is sucked into the gap 28 through the communication hole 22 and the seal chamber 21, and is supplied to the rear roller bearing 14', and further into the rear annular groove 7a.
, is supplied to the front roller bearing 14 and the shaft seal chamber 15 through the vane back pressure chamber 11a and the front annular groove 6a.

Furthermore, the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 24 is supplied to the V-shaped oil guide hole 25.
, 2 is supplied to the clearance between the rear side block 7 and the rotor 10 through the openings 25a, 25a, and lubricates the sliding motion of both.

When the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber 19 rises above a predetermined value due to the operation of the compressor, the check valve 23 closes the communication hole 22 and prevents the high discharge pressure from acting on the vane back pressure chamber Lla, so that the tip of the vane I2 is pressed into contact. Power is maintained properly. The supply of lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 24 to the roller bearings 14,14' is also stopped.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention includes a cylindrical case body and a front head forming a sealed compressor case, and a pump housing having a rotor therein housed within the compressor case. The rotor is fitted onto a rotating shaft whose both ends are supported by bearings provided on the front and rear side walls of the pump housing, and vanes are inserted into a plurality of slits provided in the radial direction of the rotor so as to be able to move forward and backward. A vane back pressure chamber communicating with the front and rear bearings is formed at the bottom of the slit, and a communication hole is formed in one side wall of the pump housing to communicate the discharge pressure chamber and the vane back pressure chamber through the bearing. A vane-type compression device is provided with a check valve that opens the communication hole when the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is lower than a predetermined value and closes the communication hole when the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is higher than the predetermined value. In the machine, an oil guide hole is bored in one side wall of the pump housing, one end of which opens near the check valve of the communication hole, and the other end of which opens into an oil reservoir between the compressor case and the pump housing. So.

Since a large amount of lubricating oil is supplied from the oil reservoir to the bearing when the check valve is opened, the lubrication performance is significantly improved and the durability of the roller bearing is also improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a vane type compressor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the barrier side block. 1... Compressor case, 2... Cylindrical case body,
4...Front head, 5...Pump housing,
6゜7...Side wall (front and rear side block)
. 9... Rotating shaft, 10... Rotor, 11... Slit, 11a... Vane back pressure chamber, 12... Vane, 1
3... Pump chamber, 14.14'... Bearing part (roller bearing), 19... Discharge pressure chamber, 22... Communication hole,
23...Check valve. 24...Oil reservoir, 25.26...Oil guide hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical case body and a front head form a sealed compressor case, and a pump housing containing a rotor is housed within the compressor case, and the rotors are provided on the front and rear side walls of the pump housing, respectively. The rotor is fitted onto a rotating shaft whose both ends are supported by bearings, and vanes are inserted into a plurality of slits provided in the radial direction of the rotor so as to be able to advance and retreat, and the bottoms of the slits communicate with the front and rear bearings. A vane back pressure chamber is formed, and a communication hole is formed in one side wall of the pump housing to communicate the discharge pressure chamber and the vane back pressure chamber through the bearing part. A vane compressor is provided with a check valve that opens a communication hole when the pressure is lower than a predetermined value and closes the communication hole when the pressure in the discharge pressure chamber is higher than a predetermined value. A vane type compressor, characterized in that an oil guide hole is formed in the communication hole, the oil guide hole opening near the check valve and the other end opening into an oil reservoir between the compressor case and the pump housing.