JPS626504B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS626504B2
JPS626504B2 JP57006589A JP658982A JPS626504B2 JP S626504 B2 JPS626504 B2 JP S626504B2 JP 57006589 A JP57006589 A JP 57006589A JP 658982 A JP658982 A JP 658982A JP S626504 B2 JPS626504 B2 JP S626504B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fabric
lower layer
waterproof sheet
sheet
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP57006589A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS58124645A (en
Inventor
Joji Saito
Takashi Kato
Takeshi Fujimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Kasei Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK filed Critical Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority to JP658982A priority Critical patent/JPS58124645A/en
Publication of JPS58124645A publication Critical patent/JPS58124645A/en
Publication of JPS626504B2 publication Critical patent/JPS626504B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

この発明は防水シート、特に建物屋上、ベラン
ダ等に敷設し、歩行にも耐える防水シートに関す
る。その目的は堅牢性、耐久性に富み、寸法安定
性が優れた防水シートを提案するにある。 従来、防水シートにはプラスチツク系の塩化ビ
ニル系、ポリエチレン系等のものあるいはゴム系
のものがある。屋上、ベランダ等に敷設し歩行可
能の仕様としては、例えば塩化ビニル系の場合は
シート母材中に無機質の充填材を混入した腰の強
い厚手のシートとなし躯体下地に全面接着する必
要があつた。このシートは歩行に耐えるが、下地
の亀裂等の影響を直接受け破損し易く、特に接合
部、端末部等で破損を生じ易く耐久性が劣る欠点
があつた。また例えばゴム系シートの場合は、躯
体下地に全面接着して敷設した上に、骨材入り
EVA(エチレン酢酸ビニル樹脂)エマルジヨン
等を塗着した保護層で被覆するなどの手段が採ら
れている。この場合は、保護層の劣化や汚れが生
じ易い欠点があつた。 塩化ビニル系樹脂を主体とし無機充填材を含ま
ないシートは、引張強度、伸度が高く耐久性が優
れ、シート相互を溶着して接合でき水密性が高い
などの利点がある。しかし熱膨張率が大であつて
(例えば13×10-5)、夏期には敷設したシートにシ
ワが発生し、ベランダ、屋上の歩行仕様としては
使用の安全性、美観上の問題が指摘されている。
また、軟質シートによる浮し貼り工法となるため
ベランダや屋上歩行用途に使用した場合、そのま
までは不安感があつた。このため、防水シートを
敷設した後、上部にコンクリート平板やアスフア
ルトブロツク等を敷並べるなどの処置が必要であ
つた。しかし、この場合は荷重が大きくなり、修
復工事のしにくさ等の点で特に軽量プレハブ建物
では問題であつた。 この発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたものでその
要旨は、プラスチツクあるいはゴムを母材とした
複合防水シートにおいて、軟質プラスチツクまた
はゴムで構成された下面層と、下面層より硬度が
高く耐候性がよい下面層と同質の上面層とが積層
一体化してなり、下面層には伸度20%以下で無撚
りあるいは低撚数の長繊維を用いこ経・緯糸密度
がそれぞれ10本/2.54cm以下である格子状織物か
らなる補強用織物が敷込まれ、上面層と下面層と
の厚み比は50/50〜75/25の範囲であることを特
徴とする防水シートである。 この防水シートは上面層が耐候性を備えた硬質
部であるので露出して敷設しても劣化し難く、し
かも歩行に耐えることができる。また、下面層は
軟質部で内部に補強用織物が敷込んであるので、
高温時においても線膨張率が小で、寸法安定性が
よく、全面接着せず浮し貼りをしてもシワが発生
し難く、躯体下地の膨張や収縮を吸収して亀裂等
の破損を生じない。また、端末等の始末も下面層
が軟質部で接着剤接着あるいは熱溶着が容易とな
り水密性、施工性が向上する。 上面層を構成する硬質部はポリ塩化ビニル系、
ポリエチレン系、合成ゴム等のポリマー中に安定
剤や紫外線吸収剤等を添加した耐候性良好な樹脂
組成物にさらに充填材を添加することにより温度
変化に伴う膨張率を低減化させたものである。 下面層を構成する軟質部はポリ塩化ビニル系、
ポリエチレン系、合成ゴム等のポリマーに必要に
応じ可塑剤、ゴム系可塑剤等を添加した組成物が
用いられる。 上面層と下面層の厚み比は50/50〜75/25の範
囲である。通常防水シートの厚さは2mm以下であ
るので、上面層の厚さがその50%以下では、高度
の堅牢耐久性と歩行に耐える強度とすることはで
きない。また、下面層は織物を敷込み、シートに
弾性を付与する上で少なくとも25%以上の厚みと
しなくてはならない。 下面層に敷込む補強用織物は低伸度、高引張弾
性率、低線膨張率であつて、シート母材の膨張を
拘束する必要がある。また同時に母材となじみが
よく、シート母材に密に接着し、敷込んだ補強用
織物の部分で、樹脂母材が欠落した断面欠損部を
発生しないものでなくてはならない。従来の撚糸
を用いたり、厚みが大である密の組織の織物で補
強したシートは断面欠損部を生じ、外部応力や熱
による膨張収縮応力によつて亀裂や剥離を生じ堅
牢性、耐久性が低下する欠点があつた。 この防水シートは伸度20%以下で無撚りあるい
は低撚数の合成繊維または無機繊維の長繊維を用
いた格子状織物であつて、経・緯糸密度はそれぞ
れ10本/2.54cm以下である織物を補強織物として
敷込むことにより前記従来の欠点が改善されてい
る。 すなわち、この織物は目が粗い格子状で、長繊
維を構成する単繊維は密に結束せず扁平に近い状
態で配列している。従つてシート母材中に敷込ん
だ場合、織物は母材とよくなじみ密着し、格子間
に完全に充填され、織物厚さも薄いため断面欠損
を生じることなく母材と織物は一体となりシート
を構成する。また、長繊維は伸度が20%以下で、
断面が扁平で経・緯糸の交差部において殆んど折
曲せずほぼ直線状をなし配列するので、この織物
の伸度は従来の撚糸を用いたり密に織つたりした
織物に比べ、極めて低く、引張弾性率が高い。従
つて、この織物を敷込み補強すると、従来の織物
で補強したものに比べ、防水シートの堅牢性、耐
久性と寸法安定性を一段と向上せしめることがで
きる。 この織物は、ポリエステル、ナイロン66、ナイ
ロン6等の合成繊維、あるいはガラス繊維、炭素
繊維等の長繊維が用いられる。特にポリエステ
ル、ナイロン66、ガラス繊維は安価で、高弾性
率、低伸度のものが得られ好適である。炭素繊維
も物性的には好適であるが高コストになる欠点が
ある。 これら長繊維は無撚りあるいは100回/m以下
の低撚数の状態で、平織りあるいはからみ織りし
て格子状織物とする。製織後、緊張下熱処理する
と伸度の低下、引張弾性率の上昇、線膨張率の低
下をもたらし、補強して得られる防水シートの寸
法安定性が一層向上し好適である。また、熱処理
することにより織物の目外れ、糸曲り等が修正さ
れ、組織が安定化して正確、容易にシート母材中
に敷込むことができる。また熱処理時、メラミン
樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂等を添加しておくと、熱処
理時、メラミン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂等を添加し
ておくと、組織が一層安定化し、シート母材との
なじみ、接着性を向上せしめることができる。 格子状をなした補強用織物の実施態様例を図面
により説明する。第1図、第2図はこの織物であ
つて、2本の経糸1,1を用い緯糸2をからみ織
つた格子状織物であり、次の織物設計である。 経糸:ポリエステル長繊維 250デニール(単
糸数48本、伸度15%、撚数80回/m)2本、密度
7本/2.54cm、 緯糸:ポリエステル長繊維 1000デニール(単
糸数192本、伸度14%、無撚)密度7本/2.54
cm、 熱処理:緊張下、乾熱200℃ 40秒、 第3図は、このようにして得られた補強用繊物
を敷込み補強してなつたこの発明に係わる防水シ
ートである。以下図面により説明する。 この防水シートAは厚さ2mmで、上面層3はポ
リ塩化ビニル100重量部に安定剤3.5部、可塑剤50
部、充填材として炭酸カルシウム25部、さらに紫
外線吸収剤を添加してなる比較的硬度が高い耐候
性シートで構成され、下面層4はポリ塩化ビニル
100重量部に安定剤2.0部、可塑剤60部、充填材と
して炭酸カルシウム1.5部を添加した比較的軟質
のシートで構成され、上面層3と下面層4とは積
層一体化されている。また下面層4には前記から
み織した格子状織物Bが敷込まれている。そして
上面層3の厚さは1.3mm、下面層4の厚さは0.7
mm、格子状織物Bの敷込み位置は下面からほぼ
0.6mmとなしてある。 この防水シート、ナイロン66、およびガラス繊
維からなる前記からみ織物と同様組織の格子状織
物を敷込み補強してなつたこの発明に係わる防水
シートの0℃から50℃までの昇温時の平均線膨張
係数は下表のごとくであつた。
The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet, and particularly to a waterproof sheet that can be laid on building rooftops, balconies, etc. and can withstand walking. The purpose is to propose a waterproof sheet that is robust, durable, and has excellent dimensional stability. Conventionally, waterproof sheets include plastic-based vinyl chloride-based, polyethylene-based, etc., and rubber-based ones. In order to be able to walk on rooftops, balconies, etc., for example, in the case of vinyl chloride, it is necessary to have a strong, thick sheet with an inorganic filler mixed into the sheet base material, and to fully adhere it to the base of the frame. Ta. Although this sheet can withstand walking, it has the drawback that it is easily damaged due to the direct influence of cracks in the base, particularly at joints, ends, etc., and has poor durability. For example, in the case of a rubber sheet, it is completely glued to the base of the building structure, and then the sheet is filled with aggregate.
Measures such as coating with a protective layer coated with EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate resin) emulsion, etc. are taken. In this case, there was a drawback that the protective layer was easily deteriorated and stained. A sheet made mainly of vinyl chloride resin and containing no inorganic filler has advantages such as high tensile strength and elongation, excellent durability, and the ability to weld and join the sheets together and have high watertightness. However, the coefficient of thermal expansion is large (for example, 13 x 10 -5 ), and wrinkles occur in the installed sheets in the summer, causing safety and aesthetic problems when used for walking on balconies and rooftops. ing.
In addition, since it is a floating installation method using a soft sheet, there was a sense of uneasiness when using it for walking on a balcony or rooftop. For this reason, after laying the waterproof sheet, it was necessary to take measures such as laying concrete slabs, asphalt blocks, etc. on top. However, in this case, the load becomes large and repair work is difficult, which is a problem especially for lightweight prefabricated buildings. This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its gist is that, in a composite waterproof sheet made of plastic or rubber as a base material, the lower layer is made of soft plastic or rubber, and the lower layer has higher hardness and better weather resistance than the lower layer. The lower layer and the upper layer of the same quality are laminated together, and the lower layer uses long fibers with an elongation of 20% or less and untwisted or low twist number, and the warp and weft densities are 10 fibers/2.54 cm or less, respectively. This waterproof sheet is characterized in that a reinforcing fabric made of a certain lattice-like fabric is laid, and the thickness ratio of the upper layer and the lower layer is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25. Since the upper surface layer of this waterproof sheet is a hard part with weather resistance, it will not easily deteriorate even if laid exposed and can withstand walking. In addition, the bottom layer is a soft part with reinforcing fabric inside, so
It has a low coefficient of linear expansion even at high temperatures, has good dimensional stability, and is resistant to wrinkles even when applied in a floating manner without being fully bonded, and absorbs the expansion and contraction of the base of the structure, causing damage such as cracks. do not have. In addition, when disposing of terminals, etc., the lower surface layer is a soft part, making adhesive bonding or thermal welding easier, improving watertightness and workability. The hard part that makes up the top layer is made of polyvinyl chloride,
It is a resin composition with good weather resistance that is made by adding stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, etc. to polymers such as polyethylene and synthetic rubber, and by adding a filler to it, the expansion coefficient due to temperature changes is reduced. . The soft part that makes up the bottom layer is made of polyvinyl chloride,
A composition prepared by adding a plasticizer, a rubber plasticizer, etc. to a polymer such as polyethylene or synthetic rubber as necessary is used. The thickness ratio of the top layer and bottom layer is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25. Normally, the thickness of a waterproof sheet is 2 mm or less, so if the thickness of the top layer is less than 50% of that thickness, it cannot be made highly durable and strong enough to withstand walking. In addition, the bottom layer must be covered with a woven fabric and have a thickness of at least 25% to provide elasticity to the sheet. The reinforcing fabric laid in the lower layer must have a low elongation, a high tensile modulus, and a low coefficient of linear expansion, and must restrain the expansion of the sheet base material. At the same time, it must be compatible with the base material, be closely adhered to the sheet base material, and not cause any cross-sectional defects where the resin base material is missing in the reinforcing fabric that is laid down. Sheets reinforced with conventional twisted yarn or thick, densely textured fabrics have cross-sectional defects, and cracks and peels due to external stress and thermal expansion and contraction stress, resulting in reduced robustness and durability. There was a drawback that it deteriorated. This waterproof sheet is a lattice-like fabric using long fibers of untwisted or low-twist synthetic fibers or inorganic fibers with an elongation of 20% or less, and the warp and weft densities are each 10 fibers/2.54 cm or less. The above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method have been improved by laying the reinforcing fabric. That is, this fabric has a coarse lattice shape, and the single fibers constituting the long fibers are not tightly bundled but arranged in a nearly flat state. Therefore, when laid in a sheet base material, the woven fabric blends well with the base material and adheres closely, completely filling the interstitial spaces, and since the woven fabric is thin, the base material and the woven fabric are integrated into a sheet without causing cross-sectional defects. Configure. In addition, long fibers have an elongation of 20% or less,
Since the cross section is flat and the warp and weft intersect, the fabric is arranged in a nearly straight line with almost no bends, so the elongation of this fabric is extremely higher than that of conventional fabrics using twisted yarns or densely woven fabrics. low and high tensile modulus. Therefore, by reinforcing this fabric, the robustness, durability, and dimensional stability of the waterproof sheet can be further improved compared to those reinforced with conventional fabrics. This fabric uses synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon 66, and nylon 6, or long fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers. In particular, polyester, nylon 66, and glass fiber are suitable because they are inexpensive, have high elastic modulus, and low elongation. Carbon fiber is also suitable in terms of physical properties, but has the disadvantage of high cost. These long fibers are untwisted or with a low twist count of 100 twists/m or less, and are plain woven or leno-woven to form a lattice-like fabric. After weaving, heat treatment under tension brings about a decrease in elongation, an increase in tensile modulus, and a decrease in linear expansion coefficient, which further improves the dimensional stability of the reinforced waterproof sheet, which is preferable. In addition, heat treatment corrects misalignment, yarn bending, etc. of the fabric, stabilizes the structure, and allows the fabric to be accurately and easily laid into the sheet base material. In addition, if melamine resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc. are added during heat treatment, the structure will be further stabilized, and the structure will be more compatible with the sheet base material and the adhesive properties will be improved. can be improved. An embodiment of a reinforcing fabric having a lattice shape will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show this woven fabric, which is a lattice-like woven fabric in which two warps 1 and 1 are intertwined with a weft 2, and the fabric design is as follows. Warp: 250 denier polyester long fibers (48 single threads, 15% elongation, 80 twists/m), density 7/2.54cm, Weft: 1000 denier polyester long fibers (192 single threads, elongation) 14%, untwisted) density 7 strands/2.54
cm, Heat treatment: Under tension, dry heat at 200°C for 40 seconds. Figure 3 shows a waterproof sheet according to the present invention, which has been reinforced with the reinforcing fibers obtained in this manner. This will be explained below with reference to the drawings. This waterproof sheet A has a thickness of 2 mm, and the top layer 3 consists of 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride, 3.5 parts of a stabilizer, and 50 parts of a plasticizer.
25 parts of calcium carbonate as a filler and a relatively hard weather-resistant sheet with the addition of an ultraviolet absorber, and the lower layer 4 is made of polyvinyl chloride.
It is composed of a relatively soft sheet containing 100 parts by weight, 2.0 parts of stabilizer, 60 parts of plasticizer, and 1.5 parts of calcium carbonate as a filler, and the upper layer 3 and lower layer 4 are laminated and integrated. Further, the lower layer 4 is covered with the leno-woven lattice fabric B described above. The thickness of the top layer 3 is 1.3mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer 4 is 0.7mm.
mm, the laying position of the lattice fabric B is approximately from the bottom surface.
It is set as 0.6mm. This waterproof sheet, which is made by reinforcing a lattice-like fabric made of nylon 66 and glass fiber and having the same texture as the above-mentioned leno fabric, has an average line when the temperature rises from 0°C to 50°C. The expansion coefficients were as shown in the table below.

【表】 この防水シートは夏期高温時においても膨張量
が少なく、浮し貼りして屋上に敷設しても敷設面
にしわが発生せず、歩行に耐え、堅牢性、耐久性
が大であつた。また、端末を溶着して接着固定が
でき、水密性、施工性が優れていた。さらに上面
層の硬さと、下面層の軟かさが調和し歩行時の安
定性とクツシヨン性が優れていた。
[Table] This waterproof sheet had a small amount of expansion even at high temperatures in the summer, did not wrinkle on the surface even when it was laid on a roof in a floating manner, was strong enough to withstand walking, and was very strong and durable. . In addition, the terminals could be welded and fixed with adhesive, and the product had excellent watertightness and workability. Furthermore, the hardness of the top layer was in harmony with the softness of the bottom layer, providing excellent stability and cushioning when walking.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面はこの発明の態様例を示すもので、第1
図、第2図は補強用の格子状織物を模式的に示す
平面図、および断面図、第3図は防水シートの断
面図である。 1……経糸、2……緯糸、3……上面層、4…
…下面層、A……防水シート、B……格子状織
物。
The drawings show an example of the embodiment of the invention.
2 are a plan view and a sectional view schematically showing a reinforcing lattice fabric, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a waterproof sheet. 1...Warp, 2...Weft, 3...Top layer, 4...
...lower layer, A...waterproof sheet, B...lattice-like fabric.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 プラスチツクあるいはゴムを母材とした複合
防水シートにおいて、軟質プラスチツクまたはゴ
ムで構成された下面層と、下面層より硬度が高く
耐候性がよい下面層と同質の上面層とが積層一体
化してなり、下面層には伸度20%以下で無撚りあ
るいは低撚数の長繊維を用いた経・緯糸密度がそ
れぞれ10本/2.54cm以下である格子状織物からな
る補強用織物が敷込まれ、上面層と下面層との厚
み比は50/50〜75/25の範囲であることを特徴と
する防水シート。
1. In a composite waterproof sheet made of plastic or rubber as a base material, a lower layer made of soft plastic or rubber, and an upper layer of the same quality as the lower layer, which has higher hardness and better weather resistance than the lower layer, are integrated. A reinforcing fabric made of a lattice-like fabric with an elongation of 20% or less and untwisted or low-twist long fibers with a warp and weft density of 10 threads/2.54cm or less each is laid on the lower layer. A waterproof sheet characterized in that the thickness ratio between the upper layer and the lower layer is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25.
JP658982A 1982-01-19 1982-01-19 Waterproof sheet Granted JPS58124645A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP658982A JPS58124645A (en) 1982-01-19 1982-01-19 Waterproof sheet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP658982A JPS58124645A (en) 1982-01-19 1982-01-19 Waterproof sheet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58124645A JPS58124645A (en) 1983-07-25
JPS626504B2 true JPS626504B2 (en) 1987-02-12

Family

ID=11642514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP658982A Granted JPS58124645A (en) 1982-01-19 1982-01-19 Waterproof sheet

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58124645A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0531003B2 (en) * 1987-07-28 1993-05-11 Takashi Kimura

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0435438Y2 (en) * 1984-10-31 1992-08-21
JPH0327038Y2 (en) * 1984-11-06 1991-06-11
JPH023866Y2 (en) * 1985-04-08 1990-01-30
JPH06320674A (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-22 Lonseal Corp Waterproof sheet
JP2795804B2 (en) * 1994-03-15 1998-09-10 筒中プラスチック工業株式会社 Soft resin composite tarpaulin

Citations (9)

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JPS436951Y1 (en) * 1965-09-21 1968-03-28
JPS4832965U (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-04-20
JPS4936360U (en) * 1972-04-04 1974-03-30
JPS5112179U (en) * 1974-07-13 1976-01-29
JPS5118579U (en) * 1974-07-22 1976-02-10
JPS51105477A (en) * 1975-03-13 1976-09-18 Fuji Fibre Glass Co Ltd
JPS5427509B2 (en) * 1974-08-22 1979-09-10
JPS5714256U (en) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-25
JPS58126335A (en) * 1982-01-19 1983-07-27 旭化成株式会社 Fabric for reinforcing waterproof sheet

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JPS436951Y1 (en) * 1965-09-21 1968-03-28
JPS4832965U (en) * 1971-08-23 1973-04-20
JPS4936360U (en) * 1972-04-04 1974-03-30
JPS5112179U (en) * 1974-07-13 1976-01-29
JPS5118579U (en) * 1974-07-22 1976-02-10
JPS5427509B2 (en) * 1974-08-22 1979-09-10
JPS51105477A (en) * 1975-03-13 1976-09-18 Fuji Fibre Glass Co Ltd
JPS5714256U (en) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-25
JPS58126335A (en) * 1982-01-19 1983-07-27 旭化成株式会社 Fabric for reinforcing waterproof sheet

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JPH0531003B2 (en) * 1987-07-28 1993-05-11 Takashi Kimura

Also Published As

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