JPS6262063A - Hydraulic distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hydraulic distributor configured in construction, road construction and material handling machinery, in particular in industrial lifting machines with electric or internal combustion engines. .

Prior Art of the Invention and Problems Therewith] A known hydraulic distributor has a main body, and a central hole is formed in the main body, and the central hole has a supply passage, a discharge passage, and an operation passage. The passage and the bypass passage are in communication. A plunger is disposed in the center hole, and the outer surface of the plunger has a center ring part, an end ring part, and a number equal to the number of bypass passages formed in the main body.
An outer neck portion and a bypass groove portion are formed. A stepped axial bore is formed within the plunger and a small piston is disposed within the axial bore. An elongated slot is formed in the wall formed between the stepped axial bore and the outer surface of the plunger.

A check valve is arranged in one of the plurality of working passages and is controlled by a rod. This rod is arranged at right angles to the plunger so that one end of the rod faces the front face of the small diameter piston through the elongated slot of the plunger. Meanwhile, the other end of the rod is connected to a check valve.

The disadvantage of this hydraulic distributor is its structural and technical complexity, together with the fact that during each actuation, for example through a load drop by a lifting machine, pressure is not required to open the check valve. There is a need to communicate, which increases energy consumption.

[Object of the Invention] The main object of the invention is that the manufacturing structure is simple and easy to manufacture, with which the check valve can be actuated with only a small force, and therefore, especially during the load reduction of the lifting machine. The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic distributor that can reduce energy consumption.

[Summary of the invention and its effects] An object of the present invention is to have a main body, a central hole is formed in the main body, and a supply passage, a discharge passage, a working passage, and a bypass passage are communicated with the central hole. With hydraulic distributor,
resolved. A plunger is disposed in the central hole, and the plunger is formed with a central ring portion and two end ring portions, and a contoured neck portion is formed between the central ring portion and each end ring portion. , a bypass groove is formed at one end of the plunger. A plurality of working passages are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central hole, and each of these working passages is provided with a check valve. According to the invention, the space defined by the contour neck and the wall of the central hole is communicated with each other by the auxiliary passage.

In one preferred embodiment, an auxiliary passageway is formed in the central ring portion of the plunger. In other preferred embodiments, the auxiliary passageway is formed within the body.

According to the invention, advantageously, the structure of the hydraulic distributor is simple and easy to manufacture, while the operation of the hydraulic distributor is
Particularly during load reduction with high lifting machines, low energy consumption is achieved with small forces.

[Embodiment 1] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic distributor with dual action in three positions and four directions. In the main body 1 of this hydraulic distributor,
A central hole 2 is formed. A first discharge passage 3, a first working passage 4, a supply passage 5, a second working passage 7, and a bypass passage 8 are connected to and formed in the central hole 2. A plunger 9 is disposed within the central hole 2. This plunger 9 has a first end ring part 10, a first contour neck part 11, a central ring part 12, a second contour neck part 13, a second end ring part 14 and a bypass groove part 15. It is formed. An auxiliary passage 16 is formed in the central ring part 12, and this auxiliary passage 16 communicates the space around the first contoured neck part 11 with the space around the second contoured neck part 13. Two non-return checks #17, 18 are arranged in the working passages 4, 6 in the body 1, respectively. When the plunger 9 is in a neutral position, that is, in a non-actuated position, the bypass passage 8 is communicated with the bypass groove 15. That is, the first and second discharge passages 3 and 7 are
and the second end ring part 10.14, and the supply passage 5 is closed by the central one nong part 12. On the other hand, the first and second contoured necks 11.14 are arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the axes of the first and second working channels 4, 6, respectively.

The operation of the hydraulic distributor of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described below.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the plunger 9 is in the neutral position, the working fluid in the pump of the hydraulic system returns via the bypass passage 8 to the reservoir. This bypass passage 8 is not closed to the bypass groove 15. The first and second working passages 4.6 communicate with the working chamber of a hydraulic motor controlled by a hydraulic distributor;
When the plunger 9 is actuated above the neutral position, the bypass passage 8 is closed due to the movement of the bypass groove 15, and the working fluid is supplied from the hydraulic pump. It is supplied to the first working passage 4 via the passage 5 while the check valve 17 is opened. At the same time, the pressure of the hydraulic pump is transmitted through the auxiliary passage 16 to the second working passage 6, so that a hydraulic balance is maintained in the check valve 18, and the check valve 18 can be easily formed mechanically. . The opening and maintenance of the check valve 18 in the open position is effected mechanically by the second contour neck 13 of the plunger 9. At the same time, the second end ring part 14 of the plunger 9 does not block the second discharge passage 7. The working fluid of the hydraulic pump is supplied to one of the working chambers of the hydraulic motor via the supply passage 7 and the check valve 17. On the other hand, the working fluid from other parts of the hydraulic motor is returned to the reservoir via the check valve 18 and the second discharge passage 7.

An actuation movement is made, in which only a minimum constant volume of the hydraulic pump is drained into communication with the reservoir through the auxiliary passage 16.

When the plunger 9 is in the neutral position, the working fluid of the hydraulic pump returns to the reservoir via the bypass passage 8. The second working passage 6 communicating with the working chamber of the hydraulic motor is mechanically closed by a check valve 18 .

When the plunger 9 is actuated downwards from the neutral position, for example, the bypass passage 8 is closed and the working fluid of the hydraulic pump is supplied via the supply passage 5 to the second working passage 6 . At this time, the working fluid opens the check valve 18. The central ring 12 of the plunger 9 closes the auxiliary passage 16, after which the first pant ring part 10 closes the first discharge passage 3.
Opened.

However, the entire constant throughput of the hydraulic pump is then supplied to the space facing the hydraulic motor.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In FIGS. Explain about the vessel.

As shown in FIG. 3, this hydraulic distributor has only one working passage 6, in which a check valve 18 is arranged. A second bypass passage 19 is formed in the body 1 above the first bypass passage 8 . When the plunger 9 is in the neutral position, this second bypass passage 15 covers both peripheral spaces in the first contour neck 11 and the second contour neck 13 on either side of the central ring portion 12 of the plunger 9. It's communicating.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the plunger 9 is actuated upwards from the neutral position, for example, the bypass passage 8 is closed and the pressure of the hydraulic pump is then applied to the supply passage 5. and the auxiliary passage 20 to the working passage 6. As a result, hydraulic balance is maintained in the check valve 18, and the check valve 18 is easily opened mechanically. The opening and maintenance of the check valve 18 in the open position is achieved mechanically by the contoured neck 13 of the plunger 9. The second end ring portion 14 of the plunger 9 opens the second discharge passage 7, and the working chamber of the hydraulic motor is connected to the reservoir via the check valve 18 and the second discharge passage 7. Reflux. At the same time, the bypass groove 15 does not block the second bypass passage 19, and the working fluid of the hydraulic pump also flows back to the reservoir.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydraulic distributor according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1; The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydraulic distributor according to a second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B--B in FIG. 3. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main body, 2... Central hole, 3, 7... Discharge passage, 4゜6... Working passage, 5... Supply passage, 8, 19
...Bypass passage, 9...Plunger, 10.14
...End ring part, 11.13...Contour neck part, 1
2...Central ring part, 15...Par bypass groove part, 16
．． 20... Auxiliary passage, '17.18... Check valve.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) It has a main body, and the main body has a central hole, and a supply passage, a discharge passage, a working passage, and a bypass passage communicating with the central hole, and the central hole has a plunger. The plunger is provided with a central ring portion, two end ring portions, and a contoured neck portion formed between the central ring portion and each end ring portion, the plunger having one end thereof. In the hydraulic distributor, a bypass groove is formed in the hydraulic distributor, a plurality of working passages are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central hole, and a check valve is disposed in each of the working passages, A hydraulic distributor characterized in that each space formed by the contoured neck portion and the wall of the central hole are communicated with each other by an auxiliary passage. (2) The hydraulic distributor according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary passage is formed in a central ring portion of the plunger. (3) The hydraulic distributor according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary passage is formed within the main body.