JPS6259922B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6259922B2 JPS6259922B2 JP8686279A JP8686279A JPS6259922B2 JP S6259922 B2 JPS6259922 B2 JP S6259922B2 JP 8686279 A JP8686279 A JP 8686279A JP 8686279 A JP8686279 A JP 8686279A JP S6259922 B2 JPS6259922 B2 JP S6259922B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- inverted
- impedance
- parallel
- parasitic element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/22—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element
- H01Q19/26—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は移動体に装着する小形の広帯域逆Ｌ形
アンテナに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a small wideband inverted L-shaped antenna mounted on a moving body.
従来、航空機など移動体の通信用アンテナとし
て第１図に示す如き逆Ｌ形アンテナが用いられて
いる。第１図ａは先端開放形逆Ｌアンテナ、ｂは
並列素子を付加した先端開放形逆Ｌアンテナ、ｃ
は並列素子を付加した先端接地形逆Ｌアンテナ、
ｄは並列素子を付加した先端容量負荷逆Ｌアンテ
ナである。ａに示したものは、接地板３に近接し
て放射素子２が設置されるためインピーダンスの
周波数特性がきわめて狭帯域であり、また接地板
３の大きさによつてインピーダンス特性が変化す
るため非常に大きな接地板を必要とし、さらにま
た雨や振動の影響もあり特性上問題があつた。第
１図ｂ，ｃおよびｄは以上の欠点を補なうべく対
策を施したもので、接地形給電として並列素子４
を付加して機械的強度を増すと共に、アンテナに
並列にインピーダンスを付加してある程度の広帯
域性を図つたものである。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an inverted L-shaped antenna as shown in FIG. 1 has been used as a communication antenna for mobile objects such as aircraft. Figure 1 a shows an open-ended inverted L antenna, b shows an open-ended inverted L antenna with a parallel element added, and c
is an inverted L antenna with a grounded tip and a parallel element added.
d is an inverted L antenna with a tip capacitive load added with a parallel element. In the case shown in a, the frequency characteristic of impedance is extremely narrow band because the radiating element 2 is installed close to the ground plate 3, and the impedance characteristic changes depending on the size of the ground plate 3, so it is extremely difficult to use. It required a large grounding plate, and it was also affected by rain and vibration, which caused problems in terms of characteristics. Figures b, c, and d show countermeasures taken to compensate for the above-mentioned shortcomings.
In addition to adding an impedance to the antenna in parallel to increase its mechanical strength, a certain degree of broadband performance is achieved by adding an impedance in parallel to the antenna.
しかし、同時送受話方式の移動通信方式等にお
いては、非常に広帯域な送受信共用アンテナが必
要であり、上記のいずれの構造の場合でも帯域特
性としては充分でなく、周波数の広域に亘つて安
定した特性を維持するには難点があつた。 However, in mobile communication systems that require simultaneous transmission and reception, a very wide-band antenna for transmitting and receiving is required, and none of the above structures have sufficient band characteristics, and are stable over a wide range of frequencies. There were difficulties in maintaining the characteristics.
本発明は、これらの欠点を解決し、広帯域通信
あるいは高品位情報の伝送が望まれる無線通信に
利用できる小形の広帯域逆Ｌ形アンテナを提供す
るものである。 The present invention solves these drawbacks and provides a small wideband inverted L-shaped antenna that can be used for wideband communications or wireless communications where transmission of high-quality information is desired.
以下図面により本発明を詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第２図は本発明の実施例であつて、１は入力端
子、２は放射素子、３は接地板、４は並列素子、
６は無給電素子、７は補償素子である。 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an input terminal, 2 is a radiating element, 3 is a grounding plate, 4 is a parallel element,
6 is a parasitic element, and 7 is a compensation element.
入力端子１より給電すると、電流は放射素子２
および並列素子４に分流し、空間に電磁波が放射
されるが、一部の電磁波は近接した無給電素子６
に結合して無給電素子６上に結合量に比例した電
流が発生し、その一部は再放射される。 When power is supplied from input terminal 1, the current flows to radiating element 2
The electromagnetic waves are shunted to the parallel element 4 and radiated into space, but some of the electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the nearby parasitic element 6.
A current proportional to the amount of coupling is generated on the parasitic element 6, and a part of the current is re-radiated.
従つて、逆Ｌアンテナの近傍に無給電素子を配
置すると相互干渉によつて逆Ｌアンテナの入力イ
ンピーダンスが変化し、無給電素子上に流れる電
流によつて指向性も変化する。 Therefore, when a parasitic element is placed near the inverted L antenna, the input impedance of the inverted L antenna changes due to mutual interference, and the directivity also changes due to the current flowing on the parasitic element.
以上の動作については八木アンテナ等の理論に
よつて説明できるものであるが、本願発明者はイ
ンピーダンスの広帯域化を行なうために無給電素
子６を利用する事に着目し、逆Ｌアンテナの指向
性を損わぬ範囲に於いてインピーダンスを広帯域
化することを実験により確認した。逆Ｌアンテナ
と無給電素子６との結合量が10分の１以上となる
と、指向性への影響が大きくなるため、粗結合と
しなければならない。しかしながら、結合を粗と
すれば相互干渉が少なくなつて入力インピーダン
スへの影響も小さくなり、そのままではインピー
ダンスの広帯域化は出来ない。 The above operation can be explained by the theory of Yagi antenna, etc., but the inventor of this application focused on using the parasitic element 6 to widen the impedance band, and calculated the directivity of the inverted L antenna. It was confirmed through experiments that the impedance can be widened within a range that does not damage the impedance. If the amount of coupling between the inverted L antenna and the parasitic element 6 becomes one-tenth or more, the influence on the directivity becomes large, so coarse coupling must be used. However, if the coupling is made coarser, there will be less mutual interference and the influence on the input impedance will be smaller, and if this is done, it will not be possible to widen the impedance band.
そこで、第２図に示す如く補償素子７を付加
し、逆Ｌアンテナの入力インピーダンスを変化さ
せ、無給電素子６を粗結合させた状態で総合的な
入力インピーダンスの広帯域化を行なわしめたも
のである。 Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, a compensating element 7 is added to change the input impedance of the inverted L antenna, and the parasitic element 6 is loosely coupled to widen the overall input impedance. be.
補償素子７は微少インダクタンスＬと微少容量
Ｃとを分布定数で形成し、直列に接続したものを
逆Ｌアンテナに並列に接続したものである。 The compensation element 7 is formed by forming a minute inductance L and a minute capacitance C with distributed constants, which are connected in series and connected in parallel to an inverted L antenna.
第３図は、逆Ｌアンテナの電気的等価回路を示
したもので、ａは本発明によるアンテナの等価回
路、ｂは第１図ｂに示す従来のアンテナの等価回
路である。１〜１は入力端子、Zinはアンテナの
入力インピーダンス、Z1は放射素子２と入力端子
間に存在する垂直部のインピーダンス、Z2は放射
素子２のインピーダンス、Z4は並列素子４のイン
ピーダンス、Z6は無給電素子６のインピーダン
ス、Ｍは逆Ｌアンテナと無給電素子６との結合
量、Ｌ及びＣは補償素子７のインダクタンス及び
容量性リアクタンスである。第３図ａでZ6及びＭ
を逆Ｌアンテナからの結合量を10分の１以下とな
るように選定し、補償素子７のＬ及びＣを微調す
れば、指向性に悪影響を与えずに広帯域に亘つて
整合出来る。 FIG. 3 shows an electrically equivalent circuit of an inverted L antenna, where a is an equivalent circuit of the antenna according to the present invention, and b is an equivalent circuit of the conventional antenna shown in FIG. 1b. 1 to 1 are the input terminals, Zin is the input impedance of the antenna, Z 1 is the impedance of the vertical part between the radiating element 2 and the input terminal, Z 2 is the impedance of the radiating element 2, Z 4 is the impedance of the parallel element 4, Z 6 is the impedance of the parasitic element 6, M is the amount of coupling between the inverted L antenna and the parasitic element 6, and L and C are the inductance and capacitive reactance of the compensation element 7. Z 6 and M in Figure 3 a
By selecting such that the amount of coupling from the inverted L antenna is 1/10 or less, and by finely adjusting L and C of the compensation element 7, matching can be achieved over a wide band without adversely affecting the directivity.
第４図は４分の１波長逆Ｌアンテナの入力イン
ピーダンス特性の実測値を示したもので、８は従
来より使用されているアンテナ、９は本発明によ
るアンテナ、１０は無給電素子のみを逆Ｌアンテ
ナに付加した時の実測例である。 Figure 4 shows the actual measured values of the input impedance characteristics of a quarter-wavelength inverted L antenna, where 8 is a conventionally used antenna, 9 is an antenna according to the present invention, and 10 is an inverted parasitic element only. This is an actual measurement example when added to the L antenna.
第２図の放射素子２、並列素子４および無給電
素子６は丸棒の例を示しているが、円管状は勿
論、角状又は板状としてもその効果は変らない。
また、無給電素子６はＬ形に曲げて放射素子２の
同軸上に設置されているが、必ずしも同軸上に置
く必要はなく、Ｌ形に曲げずに直線状のものを接
地板３に直立させてもまた斜めに立ててもその効
果は変わらない。 Although the radiating element 2, parallel element 4, and parasitic element 6 in FIG. 2 are round bars, the effect remains the same even if they are circular, tubular, square, or plate-shaped.
In addition, although the parasitic element 6 is bent into an L shape and installed on the same axis of the radiating element 2, it is not necessarily necessary to place it on the same axis, and instead of bending it into an L shape, a straight element is placed upright on the ground plate 3. The effect remains the same whether you let it stand or stand it diagonally.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば４分の１
波長程度の小形逆Ｌアンテナでも中心周波数の±
20％の周波数帯域を定在波比1.5以下とすること
が出来るから、きわめて広帯域な信号の伝送や多
チヤネルの信号を１台のアンテナに給電すること
も可能であるばかりでなく、広帯域特性により雨
や雪等の気象変化の影響を受け難く、電気的特性
が安定する利点がある。 As explained above, according to the present invention, one quarter
Even with a small inverted L antenna that is about the same as the wavelength, ± of the center frequency
Since the 20% frequency band can have a standing wave ratio of 1.5 or less, it is not only possible to transmit extremely wideband signals and feed multi-channel signals to a single antenna, but also because of its wideband characteristics. It has the advantage of being less susceptible to weather changes such as rain and snow and having stable electrical characteristics.
また、アンテナの大きさを例えば４分の１波長
以下として小形化しても、本発明による整合方法
を用いれば、広帯域特性を容易に実現出来る。航
空機や自動車等の移動体の通信に用いる場合は、
電気的性能が安定でしかも小形軽量のものが要望
されており、本発明によるアンテナはそれ等の要
求を満足するものである。 Further, even if the size of the antenna is reduced to, for example, a quarter wavelength or less, broadband characteristics can be easily achieved by using the matching method according to the present invention. When used for communication between mobile objects such as aircraft and automobiles,
There is a demand for an antenna that has stable electrical performance and is small and lightweight, and the antenna according to the present invention satisfies these demands.
第１図は従来の逆Ｌ形アンテナの斜視図、第２
図は本発明の一実施例の斜視図、第３図ａ，ｂは
本発明および従来のアンテナの電気的等価回路
図、第４図は従来のアンテナと本発明によるアン
テナの入力インピーダンスの実測値を示す特性図
である。
１…入力端子、２…放射素子、３…接地板、４
…並列素子、５…負荷容量、６…無給電素子、７
…補償素子、８…従来のアンテナの定在波比、９
…本発明によるアンテナの定在波比、１０…無給
電素子６のみを付加したアンテナの定在波比。
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a conventional inverted L-shaped antenna;
The figure is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 3a and 3b are electrical equivalent circuit diagrams of the antenna of the present invention and the conventional antenna, and Figure 4 is the actual measured value of input impedance of the conventional antenna and the antenna of the present invention. FIG. 1... Input terminal, 2... Radiation element, 3... Ground plate, 4
... Parallel element, 5... Load capacity, 6... Parasitic element, 7
...Compensation element, 8...Standing wave ratio of conventional antenna, 9
... Standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the present invention, 10 ... Standing wave ratio of the antenna to which only the parasitic element 6 is added.
Claims (1)
当な高さで直角に折曲げて給電端に並列な伝送線
路型先端開放共振回路を構成し、かつ給電端に並
列に伝送線路型先端接地整合回路を接続した先端
開放逆Ｌ型アンテナにおいて、上記共振回路の開
放端側の適当な位置に無給電素子を配置し、給電
端にインピーダンス補償素子を挿入したことを特
徴とする広帯域逆Ｌ形アンテナ。1. Bend the radiation conductor of the 1/4 wavelength unipole antenna at right angles at an appropriate height to configure a transmission line type open-ended resonant circuit parallel to the feeding end, and connect the transmission line type tip grounding parallel to the feeding end. A wideband inverted L-shaped antenna with an open end connected to a circuit, characterized in that a parasitic element is arranged at an appropriate position on the open end side of the resonant circuit, and an impedance compensation element is inserted at the feeding end. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8686279A JPS5612102A (en) | 1979-07-11 | 1979-07-11 | Broad-band reversed-l-shaped antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8686279A JPS5612102A (en) | 1979-07-11 | 1979-07-11 | Broad-band reversed-l-shaped antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5612102A JPS5612102A (en) | 1981-02-06 |
| JPS6259922B2 true JPS6259922B2 (en) | 1987-12-14 |
Family
ID=13898617
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8686279A Granted JPS5612102A (en) | 1979-07-11 | 1979-07-11 | Broad-band reversed-l-shaped antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5612102A (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58111503A (en) * | 1981-12-25 | 1983-07-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Transmission line type antenna device mounted on flying body |
| US4860020A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1989-08-22 | The Aerospace Corporation | Compact, wideband antenna system |
| JP2801597B2 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1998-09-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Aerial |
| US6054955A (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 2000-04-25 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Folded monopole antenna for use with portable communications devices |
| JP3296189B2 (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 2002-06-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Antenna device |
| US6456243B1 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2002-09-24 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures and methods of reusing the volume of an antenna |
| US6906667B1 (en) | 2002-02-14 | 2005-06-14 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures for very low-profile antenna applications |
| US6717551B1 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2004-04-06 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Low-profile, multi-frequency, multi-band, magnetic dipole antenna |
| US6943730B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2005-09-13 | Ethertronics Inc. | Low-profile, multi-frequency, multi-band, capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna |
| US6744410B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2004-06-01 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multi-band, low-profile, capacitively loaded antennas with integrated filters |
| EP2230723A1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2010-09-22 | Fractus, S.A. | Coupled multiband antennas |
| AU2002333900A1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | 2004-04-30 | Fractus, S.A. | Coupled multiband antennas |
| US6911940B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2005-06-28 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multi-band reconfigurable capacitively loaded magnetic dipole |
| US6859175B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2005-02-22 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Multiple frequency antennas with reduced space and relative assembly |
| US7084813B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2006-08-01 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Antennas with reduced space and improved performance |
| US6919857B2 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2005-07-19 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Differential mode capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna |
| US7123209B1 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2006-10-17 | Ethertronics, Inc. | Low-profile, multi-frequency, differential antenna structures |
| FR2867904A1 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2005-09-23 | Thomson Licensing Sa | ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RECEIVING AND DECODING SYSTEM WITH COMPACT ANTENNA |
| JP4063833B2 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2008-03-19 | Ｎｅｃアクセステクニカ株式会社 | Antenna device and portable radio terminal |
| US7403160B2 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2008-07-22 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Low profile smart antenna for wireless applications and associated methods |
| JP2006186851A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Toshiba Corp | Antenna system |
| GB2484542B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | Microsoft Technology Licensing Llc | LTE antenna pair for mimo/diversity operation in the LTE/GSM bands |
-
1979
- 1979-07-11 JP JP8686279A patent/JPS5612102A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5612102A (en) | 1981-02-06 |
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