JPS6258939A - Plant continuous culture apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is an apparatus for cultivating plants in water T4+ Xi using a U-shaped trough, in which an external force is applied to a cultivation bed fitted with a medium for holding the plants. This invention relates to a continuous plant cultivation device that cultivates plants by sequentially moving them from seeds and seedlings until their growth is completed.

[Conventional technology]

In the majority of conventional hydroponic cultivation systems, Ti seeds are intensively planted during the growing season, grown for a certain period of time, and then harvested intensively during the growing season. It was no different from the agricultural production method, and was the so-called Batch 2 production method.

However, since agricultural products, which are essentially food, are needed every day, it is better to produce and supply them every day rather than intensively producing them at different times from the viewpoint of freshness. There is also the advantage of not requiring Also, from the producer's perspective, labor efficiency is improved because labor is averaged out rather than concentrated at a certain period of time.

From the above points of view, since hydroponic cultivation has the advantage of being able to cultivate without necessarily relying on natural conditions, it has been desired to realize a continuous production system using dirt. In order to form a continuous production system, it is first necessary for plants to be sown and raised at a given location and then moved for a certain distance (cultivation period) to reach the harvesting location. Conventionally, the most popular method for this type of movement is to use a Conhair. That is, cultivation is carried out by moving the pot or floor holding the plant body with chain conhairs or held conhairs. These include not only two-dimensional movement but also three-dimensional movement. There are also plants that have the function of gradually increasing the spacing between plants while moving through the forest or floor using a rat or screw that gradually increases the pitch.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, these con-hair types must be arranged continuously from sowing and raising of seedlings to harvesting, and extremely long con-hairs are required. Moreover, in actual construction, these conveyor systems require multiple lines and have a complicated structure, requiring time and effort to maintain, and the problem is that the consumables and operating costs become commercial value. .

[Failure to solve the problem]

The present invention provides a hydroponic continuous plant cultivation device that continuously cultivates plants while moving a medium along a long and narrow trough with an I-shaped cross section. In this method, liquid fertilizer is poured into the lower part of the trough, and several slender 9M cultivation beds holding medium in which plants are seeded at predetermined intervals are placed in the upper part of the trough so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the trough and arranged in series. The continuous plant cultivation device is designed to carry out cultivation while holding the cultivation bed and moving it from the tI seed position to the harvesting position at various times along the longitudinal direction of the trough according to the growth of the plants. This is what we intend to provide.

[Function] In the present invention, a long and narrow cultivation bed in which a plurality of trees are arranged in series inside the trough is slidably placed in the trough and moved by pushing it at a certain distance. It is sufficient to have a guide structure that supports and slides the mold tank, and there is no need for a complicated conveyor mechanism, resulting in a simple structure and minimal maintenance effort.

In addition, the distance between the cultivation tanks in the U-shaped trough should be kept close during the cultivation period, so that the plants dry out from each other as they grow. By arranging the plants so that they are spread out to a certain extent, it is possible to increase the utilization efficiency of the cultivation area.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a [ )-shaped trough, where 1 is a trough, 2 is a cultivation bed, and liquid fertilizer 3 is flowing in the lower part of the trough 1. The liquid fertilizer 3 enters through the inlet nozzle 4 at the bottom of the trough I and exits by overflow at the opposite end.

The bottom of trough 1 is placed so that it gradually rises from the seedling area of the plant in the direction in which the plant grows, and as the plant grows, the depth of the liquid fertilizer becomes shallower and the contact zone between roots and air increases. That's how it is.

In addition, artificial nozzles 4 are provided at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the trough 1 to supply liquid fertilizer, so that as the plants grow, the amount of liquid fertilizer increases (the flow rate increases).

The cultivation bed 2 has its own weight supported by the upper part of the trough 1 and is held slidably in the longitudinal direction of the trough, and by applying an external force F from the left side in FIG. 1, the cultivation bed 2 is moved to the right in a toppling manner. She is yelling as if to force her.

As shown in Fig. 2, the 8-A cross section of the trough 1 has guides 5a and 5b so that it can support and slide the cultivation bed 2 in one part.
are attached to the four corners. The top of trough 1 is open ILL.

The cultivation bed 2 is approximately 300mm-1 as shown in Figure 3.
It has an elongated shape of 500 mm, and several holes 6 are bored at predetermined intervals, and a culture medium 8 in which plants 7 are sown and raised is inserted into the holes 6 and held therein.

A number of cultivation beds 2 are loaded in series at the top of the trough 1 and moved, so if both ends 9 of the cultivation bed 2 have sharp corners, they may slip when they come into contact with the opening of the trough 1. It is made to have a near rounded shape to prevent it from becoming difficult.

Since it is not possible to make the trough 1 too long due to manufacturing and transportation constraints, it is made as a standard length of an appropriate length, and is used by connecting it when assembling. When joining, use an insert-type socket 10 as shown in FIG. 4 and adhere with adhesive. The AI-Δ11 cross section in FIG. 4 is as shown in FIG. 5.

By the way, when the cultivation trough 1 becomes longer, the moving distance of the cultivation bed 2 also becomes longer, so the external force F required for the movement becomes larger. The devices shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 were devised for this purpose.

The basic structure of the trough in FIG. 6 is the same as that in FIG. 1, except that rollers 11 are attached to the bottom of the cultivation bed 2. As shown in the CC cross-sectional view of Figure 8, the roller is
A shaft 12 is fitted into the side wall of the cultivation bed 2, and a roller 11 is attached to the shaft 12. This roller rolls on -1- of the guide 5a. Since the roller 11 comes out below the cultivation bed 2 as shown in FIG. 9, the guide 5a is placed at a lower position than the guide 5a in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG.

The structure of another embodiment of the trough 1 and the cultivation bed 2 is shown in FIG. 1O.

In Fig. 10, the trough 1 is a simple U-shaped trough with a collar 13 attached to a part of the trough.The collar 13 is suspended from the top of the trough 1 so as to wrap around the collar 13, and the trough 1 is movable. 2 is retained.

FIG. 11 shows a conceptual diagram when a plurality of the cultivation troughs l shown above are arranged side by side in a greenhouse or house 15. In other words, the spacing between adjacent cultivation troughs 1 is narrow and dense at the seedlings l'l''i position at the initial stage of cultivation, and widened as the growth progresses.By arranging them in this manner, the area utilization efficiency of the greenhouse or house 15 can be improved. can be raised.

FIGS. 12 to 15 show an embodiment of a device for moving the cultivation bed 2. FIG. Figure 12 shows the state of cultivation initial 1υI with cultivation troughs 1 arranged densely, with ↓M above cultivation trough 1.
'n Arm 16 as a pusher at right angles to the longitudinal direction of trough 1
and wires 17a and 17b are placed on the arm 16.
is tied.

FIG. 13 is a view taken along the line D-D in FIG. It is connected to prime movers 212 and 21b via 20b.Also, the arm I6 does not rest directly on the trough 1, but on a guide rail 22.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, projections 24 for pushing the cultivation bed 2 into the lower part of the arm 16 are inserted into each cultivation trough l like teeth of a comb. When pushing the cultivation bed 2, the driving force a21a rotates,
Since the wire 17a is wound up by the wire winding machine 19a via the idling roller 182, the arm 16 moves in the advancing direction, pushing the cultivation bed 2 in a torsion manner and moving it. When the arm 16 reaches the end of the guide rail 22, a limit switch 23a attached to the end is pushed in to stop the motor 21a and the movement of the arm 16 is stopped.

Next, when moving the cultivation bed 2 further, move the prime mover 21b and use the wire winding a19b via the chain 20b.
By winding up the wire 17b, the arm 16 is moved back. In this case as well, since the limit switch 23b is attached to the opposite end of the guide rail 22, the arm 16
It will automatically stop when it reaches the end. In this state, a new cultivation bed 2 is loaded into the cultivation trough 1, and the same operation is repeated.

Note that when loading the cultivation bed 2, the protrusion 24 at the bottom of the arm 16 gets in the way, so the guide rail 22 is gradually raised toward the rear end, and when the arm 16 is at the rear end position, a new The arm 16 is held at a sufficiently high position so as not to interfere with the loading of the cultivation bed.

Another embodiment of the moving device for the cultivation bed 2 is shown in FIG.
- It is shown in FIG. 17 which is a G arrow view. That is, the mobile device 25
is a self-propelled moving device that has gear-shaped wheels 26, a chain 27 that transmits power thereto, and a prime mover 28,
It runs on a rack gear-shaped guide rail 29. 31a
And 31b is an arm, and the above-mentioned protrusion 24 is attached to the lower part of the arm of 31b in the shape of a comb.

The operation is performed by alternately repeating forward movement and marching of the moving device 25. 30a and 30b are limit switches that stop the movement of the traveling device at the ends of the guide rails.

As described above, the guide rail 29 is designed to be higher on the reverse side in order to facilitate loading of the cultivation bed 2.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, there is no need for a long and complicated transfer device such as a conhair for transferring the cultivation bed, and the structure is extremely simple.
It is possible to provide a continuous plant cultivation device that is easy to maintain and requires little equipment cost and operating cost, and has extremely great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a trough, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and FIG.
4 is a front view of the trough connection part, FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the Al-All line, FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the trough of another embodiment, FIG. Figure 8 shows each B
9 is a perspective view of the cultivation bed, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a trough of another embodiment, and FIG.
An explanatory plan view showing the entire trough arrangement of A'll, Fig. 12 is a plan view of an embodiment of the cultivation bed moving device, Fig. 13 is a front view thereof, Fig. 14 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the trough near the arm, FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 13, FIG. 16 is a plan view of another embodiment of the moving position A, and FIG. 17 is a front view thereof. ■...Trough, 2...Cultivation bed, 3...Liquid fertilizer, 4...
... Inlet nozzle, 5a, 5b... Guide, 6... Hole, 7... Plant body, 8... Medium, 9... End, IO
...Socket, 11...Roller, 12...Shaft, 13...Brim, 14...Cultivation bed, 15...
Greenhouse or house, I6...arm, 17a, 17
b---Wire, 18a, 18b-Idling roller, 19a, 19b...Wire winder, 20a
, 20b-chain, 21a. 21b... Prime mover, 22... Guide rail, 23a
. 23b...Limit switch, 24...Protrusion, 2
5... Moving device, 26... Wheel, 27... Chain, 28... Prime mover, 29... Guide rail, 30
a, 30b... limit switch, 31a, 31b...
··arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a hydroponic continuous plant cultivation device that continuously cultivates plants while moving a medium along a long and narrow trough with a U-shaped cross section, liquid fertilizer is poured into the lower part of the trough, and the liquid fertilizer is poured into the upper part of the trough. A plurality of elongated cultivation beds holding medium seeded with plants at predetermined intervals are slidably arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of the trough, and the cultivation beds are adjusted to the sowing position as the plants grow. A continuous plant cultivation device characterized in that the plant is cultivated while being pushed out and moved from place to place along the longitudinal direction of the trough toward a harvesting position. 2. When extruding the cultivation bed, the rear end of the last cultivation bed is
This is done by pushing with a pusher that reciprocates in the direction of movement.
A patent claim in which the pusher is held at a sufficiently high position at the rearmost position of its reciprocating movement so as not to interfere with the loading operation of a new cultivation bed newly loaded into the rearmost end of the trough. The device according to item 1. 3. The bottom surface of the trough is installed so as to gradually become higher toward the harvesting position, and the depth of the liquid fertilizer is deep in the seedling portion, and becomes shallower as the growth of the plants progresses. The device described. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein liquid fertilizer supply ports to the trough are provided at a plurality of locations, and the amount of liquid fertilizer flowing in the trough increases as the plants progress in the growing direction. . 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation bed is provided with rollers for sliding within the trough. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said troughs are arranged side by side, and the distance between adjacent troughs gradually becomes wider from the seedling position to the harvesting position.