JPS6258885B2

JPS6258885B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPS6258885B2
Application number: JP1413784A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Keiichiro Ishida
Original assignee: Ishida Iron Works Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ishida Iron Works Co Ltd
Priority date: 1984-01-27
Filing date: 1984-01-27
Publication date: 1987-12-08
Also published as: JPS60157805A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】《発明の目的》〈産業上の利用分野〉本発明は木片、樹皮、小割りした丸太を主たる
処理対象として、これらを粉砕する装置に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <<Object of the Invention>><Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing wood chips, bark, and small logs, which are mainly processed.

〈発明の背景〉例えば樹皮等の木質廃材を有効利用するため、
これをペレツト化して燃料などにする試みがなさ
れている。このような、ペレツト化にあたつて
は、先ず予備的な処理として材料の粉砕加工が必
要であるが、例えば杉、桧等の長繊維樹皮の場
合、これらをまとめたとしても極めて嵩高性があ
り、しかも長繊維のままであるから、従来の粉砕
機では粉砕作用を担う部材に絡み付いたり、ある
いは粉砕刃に被処理材が効果的に送り込まれなか
つたりして、適切な処理はなし得なかつた。<Background of the invention> For example, in order to effectively utilize wood waste materials such as bark,
Attempts are being made to turn this into pellets and use it as fuel. To make pellets like this, it is first necessary to crush the material as a preliminary process, but in the case of long-fiber bark such as cedar and cypress, for example, even if they are combined, they are extremely bulky. Moreover, since they remain long fibers, conventional crushers cannot process them properly because they get entangled with the components responsible for the crushing action, or the material to be processed is not effectively fed into the crushing blades. .

〈開発を試みた技術的事項〉本発明はこのような従来手法による問題点に鑑
みなされたものであつて、一般の木片、その他固
形状物はもとより、従来最も処理の難しかつた長
繊維樹皮たる杉、桧等の樹皮でさえも有効に粉砕
加工できる新規な装置の開発を試みたものであ
る。<Technical matters attempted to be developed> The present invention was developed in view of the problems caused by the conventional methods. This is an attempt to develop a new device that can effectively crush even the bark of barrel cedar, cypress, and other trees.

《発明の構成》〈目的達成の手段〉即ち本発明たる粉砕装置は、逆円錐状の粉砕部
を有するフレームに対し、粉砕部上部に被せるよ
うに円胴状の投入ドラムを回転自在に設け、この
投入ドラム下方には前記フレームの粉砕部の内側
面に沿つて旋回する複数本の撹拌アームを一体に
取り付け、更に前記フレームにおける粉砕部の外
部には回転駆動される円胴状の回転切削刃を設け
て成り、この円胴状の回転切削刃はその切削作用
部を前記粉砕部内に臨ませたことを特徴として成
るものであり、もつて前記目的を達成しようとす
るものである。<<Structure of the Invention>><Means for Achieving the Object> That is, the crushing device of the present invention has a frame having an inverted conical crushing part, and a cylindrical input drum rotatably provided so as to cover the top of the crushing part. A plurality of stirring arms that rotate along the inner surface of the crushing section of the frame are integrally attached to the lower part of the input drum, and a cylindrical rotary cutting blade that is rotatably driven is mounted on the outside of the crushing section of the frame. This cylindrical rotary cutting blade is characterized in that its cutting portion faces into the crushing portion, thereby achieving the above object.

〈実施例〉以下本発明の実施例を図面を参照しながら具体
的に説明する。符号１は基台状のフレームであつ
て、その上部に逆円錐状の粉砕部２を構成する。
このフレーム１に対してはその粉砕部２の上方に
回転自在に円胴状の投入ドラム３を搭載する。こ
の投入ドラム３はその周囲においてコロ４によつ
て支承されるとともに、その下端からスポーク状
に前記粉砕部２に沿つて撹拌アームを延長形成し
て成るものである。そしてこの撹拌アーム５は下
端の集束部においてフレーム１に回転自在に取り
付けられたボス６に固定される。因みにこのボス
６は上部を開放した有底中空状を成すものであ
り、この中空部を石だまり６ａとする。そしてこ
のボス６に対してはプーリ７が直結され、ここに
モータM₁からの回転が伝達される。このような
駆動手段により撹拌アーム５はボス６の回転に従
い粉砕部２の内周面に沿つて旋回するとともに、
これに伴い投入ドラム３を回転させる。更にフレ
ーム１における粉砕部２の外側には円胴状の回転
切削刃８を設けるものであつて、この回転切削刃
８は軸９に支持されて回転自在にフレーム１に取
り付けられる。そして軸９に対してモータM₂を
一例として直結に接続し、その回転を図る。また
この回転切削刃８は第６図に示すように全体とし
て円胴状を成し、個々には多数の刃１３が積層形
成されて成る。尚この刃１３における刃先部１
３′は第５図に示すように順次螺旋状にその位置
をずらせて配設することが望ましい。そしてこの
回転切削刃８の切削作用部はフレーム１の粉砕部
２の一部を切り欠いて構成した刃口１５に臨み、
幾分か粉砕部２内に張り出すように構成されると
ともに、刃口１５には回転切削刃８に対応して受
刃１６を設ける。またこの回転切削刃８の投入ド
ラム３への張り出しに対応して、この張り出した
部分を逃げるように、撹拌アーム５には第５図に
示すような逃げ部５′を形成するのを可とする。
更にこの刃口１５か外部に向かつて排出口１７を
形成し、この排出口１７の下端部には排出用のコ
ンベヤ１８を臨ませるようにする。<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a base-like frame, on which an inverted conical crushing section 2 is constructed.
A cylindrical charging drum 3 is rotatably mounted above the crushing section 2 on the frame 1. This input drum 3 is supported by rollers 4 around its periphery, and has a stirring arm extending from its lower end along the crushing section 2 in a spoke-like manner. The stirring arm 5 is fixed to a boss 6 rotatably attached to the frame 1 at the converging portion at the lower end. Incidentally, this boss 6 has a bottomed hollow shape with an open upper part, and this hollow part is defined as a stone pool 6a. A pulley 7 is directly connected to the boss 6, and the rotation from the motor _M1 is transmitted thereto. By such a driving means, the stirring arm 5 rotates along the inner circumferential surface of the crushing section 2 according to the rotation of the boss 6, and
Along with this, the charging drum 3 is rotated. Furthermore, a cylindrical rotary cutting blade 8 is provided on the outside of the crushing part 2 in the frame 1, and this rotary cutting blade 8 is supported by a shaft 9 and rotatably attached to the frame 1. Then, for example, a motor _M2 is directly connected to the shaft 9 to rotate it. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, this rotary cutting blade 8 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and each blade 8 is formed by laminating a large number of blades 13. Note that the cutting edge portion 1 of this blade 13
3' is preferably disposed so as to be sequentially shifted in a spiral manner as shown in FIG. The cutting action part of this rotary cutting blade 8 faces a cutting edge 15 formed by cutting out a part of the crushing part 2 of the frame 1,
It is configured to project somewhat into the crushing section 2, and a receiving blade 16 is provided at the blade mouth 15 corresponding to the rotary cutting blade 8. In addition, in response to the protrusion of the rotary cutting blade 8 toward the feeding drum 3, it is possible to form a relief part 5' in the stirring arm 5 as shown in FIG. 5 so as to escape this protrusion. do.
Furthermore, a discharge port 17 is formed at the outside of the blade opening 15, and a discharge conveyor 18 is made to face the lower end of the discharge port 17.

本発明は以上述べたような具体的な機構を有す
るものであるから、次のように作動して樹皮等の
粉砕を行う。即ち運転開始にあたつては適宜のス
イツチング動作によりモータM₁，M₂とを起動さ
せ、フレーム１の粉砕部２内における撹拌アーム
５、及びこれとともに回転する投入ドラム３の旋
回を図るとともに回転切削刃８の回転を行わせ
る。このような運転状態で投入ドラム３内に樹皮
等の被処理材Ａを投入すると、この被処理材Ａは
投入ドラム３及び粉砕部２内において撹拌アーム
５によつて撹拌を受け、粉砕部２における刃口１
５の部分において回転す回転切削刃８によつて順
次粉砕が進められてゆく。このとき粉砕部２は逆
円錐状となつているから、投入された被処理材Ａ
はそれを受ける遠心力と下方への落下傾向とがバ
ランスを保つた好ましい状態で回転切削刃８に送
り込まれ、円滑な粉砕がなされる。更にこの作動
を受ける際に本実施例では撹拌アーム５に逃げ部
５′が形成されているから、被処理材Ａは確実に
回転切削刃８に送り込まれ、更に好ましい粉砕が
される。またこの粉砕作業を行うにあたり、被処
理材Ａの中に混入していた石などは撹拌アーム５
のボスにおける石だまり６ａに落下して捕集され
るものであり、回転切削刃８には至らないからこ
の点でも好ましい。そして回転切削刃８によつて
粉砕された被処理材A′は順次刃口１５から排出
口１７側に放擲されるようになつて取り出され、
更にコンベヤ１８によつて外部に移送される。
尚、樹皮は一見、性状が柔らかく粉砕も容易に見
えるが、粉砕作用を行う場合には刃物と被処理材
Ａとが衝突する相対速度はかなり大きいものであ
つて、実質的な粉砕負荷は木片、丸太等と比較し
てもそれほど変わりはない。むしろ縦長の長い樹
皮の場合には繊維の絡み付きや延び等が作用して
負荷は増大する傾向にある。従つて粉砕刃の直径
を数10mmから200〜300mm程度の円筒状ないしは円
錐形状とした場合、その回転速度を数100回転か
ら1000〜2000回転程度とすれば、通常の焼き入れ
状態の刃物の作用で樹皮、木片、丸太等も同様に
粉砕処理できる。勿論、丸太等の場合は投入ドラ
ム３内に投入できる寸法に切断された上で処理さ
れることは言うまでもない。 Since the present invention has the specific mechanism as described above, it operates as follows to crush bark, etc. That is, at the start of operation, the motors M ₁ and M ₂ are started by appropriate switching operations, and the stirring arm 5 in the crushing section 2 of the frame 1 and the charging drum 3 that rotates therewith are turned and rotated. The cutting blade 8 is rotated. When the material A to be processed, such as bark, is charged into the charging drum 3 under such operating conditions, the material A is stirred by the stirring arm 5 in the charging drum 3 and the crushing section 2, Blade mouth 1 in
In the portion 5, the rotating cutting blade 8 rotates to sequentially crush the material. At this time, since the crushing part 2 has an inverted conical shape, the material to be processed A
is sent to the rotary cutting blade 8 in a preferable state in which the centrifugal force it receives and the downward tendency to fall are balanced, and smooth pulverization is achieved. Furthermore, when subjected to this operation, in this embodiment, the stirring arm 5 is provided with a relief portion 5', so that the material to be processed A is reliably fed into the rotary cutting blade 8, and more preferably pulverized. In addition, when performing this crushing work, stones etc. mixed into the material to be processed A are removed from the stirring arm 5.
This is also preferable in this respect because it falls into the stone pool 6a at the boss and is collected and does not reach the rotary cutting blade 8. The material A' crushed by the rotary cutting blade 8 is sequentially thrown from the blade opening 15 toward the discharge port 17 and taken out.
Further, it is transferred to the outside by a conveyor 18.
At first glance, bark has soft properties and appears to be easy to crush, but when performing the crushing action, the relative speed at which the blade collides with the material to be processed A is quite high, and the actual crushing load is greater than that of the wood chips. , there is not much difference compared to logs, etc. Rather, in the case of vertically long bark, the load tends to increase due to entanglement and elongation of the fibers. Therefore, if the diameter of the crushing blade is made into a cylindrical or conical shape with a diameter of several tens of mm to about 200 to 300 mm, and its rotational speed is from several hundred rotations to about 1000 to 2000 rotations, the action of the blade in the normal hardened state will be Bark, wood chips, logs, etc. can be crushed in the same way. Of course, in the case of logs and the like, it goes without saying that they are cut to a size that can be fed into the feeding drum 3 and then processed.

《発明の効果》以上述べたように本発明によれば、例えば杉、
桧等の長繊維樹皮であつても、これらが投入ドラ
ム３及び粉砕部２内において有効に撹拌アーム５
によつて撹拌されつつ、回転切削刃８の刃口１５
まで押し込まれるから、順次有効な粉砕処理を受
けるものであり、従来不可能であつたこの種の性
状の樹皮でさえもその粉砕が可能となつた。<<Effects of the Invention>> As described above, according to the present invention, for example, cedar,
Even if it is long-fiber bark such as Japanese cypress, it can be effectively absorbed by the stirring arm 5 in the charging drum 3 and the crushing section 2.
The cutting edge 15 of the rotary cutting blade 8 is stirred by
Since the bark is pushed down to a certain point, it undergoes an effective crushing process, and it has become possible to crush even bark with this type of property, which was previously impossible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明たる粉砕装置を一部破断して示
す透視斜視図、第２図は同上縦断側面図、第３図
は同上平面図、第４図は第２図−線における
断面図、第５図は回転切削刃と撹拌アームとを示
す側面図、第６図は回転切削刃の一部分解斜視図
である。１：フレーム、２：粉砕部、３：投入ドラム、
４：コロ、５：撹拌アーム、５′：逃げ部、６：
ボス、６ａ：石だまり、７：プーリ、８：回転切
削刃、９：軸、１３：刃、１３′：刃先部、１
５：刃口、１６：受刃、１７：排出口、１８：コ
ンベヤ、Ａ：被処理材、M₁，M₂：モータ。 Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the crushing device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the same, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line - Fig. 2; FIG. 5 is a side view showing the rotary cutting blade and the stirring arm, and FIG. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view of the rotary cutting blade. 1: Frame, 2: Crushing section, 3: Feeding drum,
4: Roller, 5: Stirring arm, 5': Relief part, 6:
Boss, 6a: Stone pool, 7: Pulley, 8: Rotating cutting blade, 9: Shaft, 13: Blade, 13': Blade tip, 1
5: Blade mouth, 16: Receiving blade, 17: Discharge port, 18: Conveyor, A: Processed material, M ₁ , M ₂ : Motor.

Claims

[Claims]

1 For a frame with an inverted conical crushing part,
A cylindrical charging drum is rotatably provided so as to cover the upper part of the crushing section, and a plurality of stirring arms are integrally attached below the charging drum to rotate along the inner surface of the crushing section of the frame. A cylindrical rotary cutting blade that is rotationally driven is provided on the outside of the crushing part in the frame, and the cylindrical rotary cutting blade has its cutting action part facing inside the crushing part. Grinding equipment.