JPS625848Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a device that transmits power from one rotating shaft to rotating shafts arranged around it.

Conventionally, for example, the circumference of a flange was divided into equal parts (equal distribution).
In order to efficiently drill holes at the same location, a multi-axis drill head is used to simultaneously drill holes. The method used is either a fixed type in which the diameter of the pitch circle cannot be changed, or a flexible type in which the position of the drill spindle (hereinafter simply referred to as spindle) can be changed freely. They use a universal joint, a gear train, or an eccentric plate to guide multiple spindles from a single drive shaft, but to position multiple spindles, individual guides are provided and setups must be changed manually. is going on. Therefore, in order to position each spindle at the time of setup change, experience and intuition are required, it is time consuming, and it is difficult to arrange the spindles in accurate positions. For this reason, when holes are drilled equally spaced on a flange at the same time using a multi-axis drill, there are many holes with different pitch circles at the same time on the flange. When performing drilling, the time required for setup changes is large compared to the machining time, and in addition, a multi-axis drill head with a fixed pitch circle is expensive because a large number of such drill heads are prepared. Become.

This invention aims to provide a device that has rotary output shafts arranged equidistantly on a circumference centered on one rotary input shaft, and is capable of changing the diameter of a circle centered on the input shaft. However, a more general purpose of this invention is to provide a device that can similarly change the arrangement of a rotary output shaft disposed around a rotary input shaft.

In this invention, a single bearing plate is pivotally mounted so as to be rotatable around the center of the input shaft, and a plurality of intermediate gears that mesh with the main shaft gear fixed to the end of the input shaft are supported on the bearing plate. One end of the link is pivoted so that it can rotate around the clock, and the end of the spindle with a fixed spindle gear that meshes with the intermediate gear is pivoted to the other end of the link, so that the spindle can be moved toward the center line of the main shaft. The shaft is supported by a spindle support that engages with a guide provided in the shaft, and the spindle support is provided with a spindle moving device.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the mechanism principle of this invention.
In the figures, the center is shown as an alphanumeric letter O with a suffix numeral.In the explanation, the center is sometimes simply shown with a numeral, and the main shaft gear 2 is simply described as a gear.

A gear 2 (the gear is shown only by a pitch circle; the same applies hereinafter) is fixed to the main shaft 1. The bearing plate 3 is an arm and meshes with the gears 2, 4a, 4b.
is rotating with the arm. Gear 4a,
Links 5a and 5b also rotate around the axis of 4b and form a pair.
Gears 6a and 6b meshing with gears 4a and 4b form a rotating pair at the end of the link, and the link end forms a rotating pair with the ends of spindle supports 7a and 7b, which form slides that slide on fixed linear guides. I am doing it.

When any of the bearing plate 3, links 5a, 5b, and spindle supports 7a, 7b are fixed, these are restrained, and the rotation of the main shaft 1 is controlled by gears 4a, 4 rather than gears 2.
The signal is transmitted to gears 6a and 6b via b. Machining can be performed by providing a working means such as a drill or a main shaft for rotating a workpiece on shafts fixed to the gears 6a, 6b.

Now, assuming that the center of gear 2 is O ₂ , the centers of gears 4a and 4b are O _4a and O _4b , and the centers of gears 6a and 6b are O _6a and O _6b respectively, then O ₂ O _6b /O ₂ O _6a =C = constant, change the length of each of O ₂ O _6b , _{2 6a} , and change the rotation speed of gears 6a, 6b and main shaft 1 before and after the change.
A condition for the purpose of this invention is that the ratio of the rotational speeds of the two does not change.

O ₂ O _4b /O ₂ O _4a =O _4b O _6b /O _4a O ₆
The bearing plate 3 and the links 5a and 5b are made in such a relationship that _a ∠O _4a O ₂ O _6a = ∠O _4b O ₂ O _6b .

∴△O ₂ O _4a O _6a ∽△O ₂ O _4b O _6b O ₂ O _6b /O ₂ O _6a =C.

When the bearing plate 3, the links 5a, 5b, and the spindle supports 7a, 7b are released from their restraints and a motion is given to any one of them, the relative position changes. For example, by moving the spindle support 7a and
When the center of the link 5a is moved from O _6a to O _6a ′, the link 5a rotates around the center O _4a , and the center O _4a moves to O _4a ′. The bearing plate 3 rotates in the counterclockwise direction around O ₂ and the center O _4b moves to O _4b ′. The link 5b rotates around the center O _4b , while the center O _6b moves the spindle support 7b in a straight line, and the center O _6b moves in a straight line.
change position.

_{2 4a} ＝ _{2 4a} ' _{2 4b} ＝ _{2 4b} ' _{4a 6a} ＝ _4a ' _6a ' _{4b 6b} ＝ _4b ' _6b ' ∠O _{4a'O 2} O _6a ' ＝ ∠O _{4b'O 2} O _6b ' ∴△O ₂ O _{4a'O 6a} ' ∽△O ₂ O _{4b'O 6b} ' Therefore, O ₂ O _6b /O ₂ O _6a ＝O ₂ O _6b '/O ₂ O _6a
'=C, that is, the distance between the center O2 and the centers of the gears _6a and 6b changes proportionally. If the bearing plate 3, the links 5a and 5b, and the spindle supports 7a and 7b are restrained in the changed state, the rotation of the main shaft 1 can be transmitted to the gears 6a and 6b in the same way as before the change. Therefore, many gears 4a, 4b,
When gears 4a, 4b, 4c ... are engaged with gears 6a, 6b, 6c ... and supported by similar arms, links, slides, etc., the arrangement of many centers _O6a , _O6b , _O6c ... changes similarly with _O2 as the center.

If we make △O ₂ O _4a O _6a congruent with △O ₂ O _4b O _6b , gears 4a and 4b and gears 6a and 6b will have the same number of teeth, and _{2 6a} and _{2 6b} will always have the same distance. equal. In this case spindle support 7
a, 7b may be equally inclined from the line toward the center _O2 . In other words, O _6a O ₆ in the circle drawn at the center O ₂
The extension lines of _a ′, O _6b O _6b ′ may be in contact with each other.

In this principle mechanism, the gear 2 may have two or more stages with different pitch circle diameters, or the gears 4a, 4b, etc. may be made into two-stage gears, and the speed may be changed to the gears 6a, 6b, etc. to transmit rotation. Only the rotation speeds of the gears 6a and 6b change. That is, as explained above, the mechanism of this invention depends on the relationship between the center distances.

This invention will be described below with reference to the drawings with reference to an embodiment of the invention for a multi-axis drill head. Figure 2 is a front view of the multi-spindle drill head, with the bushing plate removed. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. A gear box 9 is fitted and fixed to the end of the main body 8 of the machine tool. A main shaft 1 is mounted on the gear box 9 via bearings 11 and 12. A bevel gear 13 that meshes with an output end bevel gear (not shown) of a drive system of a machine tool is fixed to the end of the main shaft 1 with a key. Bolt 14 screwed into the screw hole on the end face of the main shaft 1
The collar 15 and the bevel gear 13 are held down to prevent their axial movement, and the lock nut 16 is screwed into the male thread of the main shaft 1 via the locking shear.
axial movement is stopped.

A pair of bearing plates 3 are rotatably supported at the end of the main shaft 1 in the gear box 9 via bearings 17. Insert it into the distance bar 1
A nut 19 is screwed into the thread at the end of the bearing plate 8 to keep the pair of bearing plates 3 rigid. A main shaft gear 2 is fitted into the main shaft 1 with a key, and a washer 2 is attached to the screw at the end of the main shaft 1.
1 and Locknut 2 via Locknutshear.
2 is screwed in, and the axial movement of the bearing 17 and the main shaft gear 2 is stopped. The axial movement of the bearing plate 3b is stopped at the housing stepped portion of each bearing plate 3.

Four shafted gears 4 meshing with the main shaft gear 2 are equally spaced on the bearing plate 3 and are supported by bearings 23, respectively. The gears 4 are of equal size in this embodiment. A bearing 24 is fitted into the shaft of the gear 4, a pair of links 5 are fitted into the bearing 24, bearings 25 fitted into the ends of the spindle 26 are fitted into the pair of links 5, respectively, and the gear 4 is rotatable with the spindle 26. is engaged in. A gear 6 meshing with the gear 4 is rigidly keyed to the spindle 26 for rotation.
That is, the gear 4 is an intermediate gear.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2. gear box 9
Guide grooves 27 are provided at four equal locations radially around the main shaft 1. The spindle support 7 is slid into the guide groove 27.

The spindle support 7' that slides into the other guide groove shown at the same position as the BB sectional view differs from the spindle support 7 in that it has no lower part in FIG. 4, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Other than this, the spindle supports 7 and 7' are the same, and their mounting structure, clamp mechanism, and spindle support structure are the same. Grooves 28 are provided on both sides of the spindle support 7, into which guide plates 31 fixed to the gear box 9 with bolts 29 are slid. The spindle support 7 is therefore movable on a line directed toward the center of the main shaft 1. A hole 30 is provided in the spindle support 7, and a pull piece 32 is located therein, and a screw at the end of the clamp lever shaft 33, which is rotatably fitted into the hole penetrating the hole from the end face, is attached to the pull piece 32.
It is screwed into the female thread. A clamp lever 34 is fixed to the clamp lever shaft 33.
Only the spindle support 7 is a half nut 7-1 with a female thread carved on the semicircumference.
The feed screw 35 is rotatably fitted into the bottom of the guide groove 27, and the head of the stopper 36, which is fitted into the hole in the gear box 9, slides into the groove cut into a small diameter of the feed screw 35, and the feed screw 35 is rotated. A handle 37 is keyed to the shaft end of the feed screw 35.

A bearing bush 38 is fitted into the spindle support 7, and a thrust bearing 39 is arranged with the spindle support 7 in between, and the spindle 26 is fitted into them. 26 is journaled so as to receive a thrust load. The spindle nose of the spindle 26 has a cylindrical hole carved with a keyway, and an adapter 42 is inserted into the keyway.
The key 43 implanted in the key 43 is firmly mated. 44 is a set screw that is screwed into the spindle 26 and presses against a surface cut at an angle to the generatrix of the adapter 42. An adapter nut 45 is screwed into the adapter 42 to facilitate removal of the adapter 42 from the spindle nose. 46 is adapter 4
This is a drill that is inserted into and held in 2.

The bush plate 48 in which the bush 47 that serves as a guide for the drill 43 is press-fitted is a ring plate 4
The ring plate 49 is detachably fixed to the gear box 9 by bolts 51 and wing nuts 52 , and the ends of a plurality of struts 54 fixed to the gear box 9 by bolts 53 are fitted into the ring plate 49 and fastened together by bolts 55 .

Next, the operation of the embodiment of this invention will be described.
It is assumed that the clamp lever 34 is rotated toward the tightening side in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, respectively. When the bevel gear 13 is rotated by the drive system of the machine tool, the main shaft 1 rotates, and the rotation is transmitted to the main shaft gear 2, the four gears 4, and the gear 6, so that the spindle 26 rotates and rotates the adapter 42. The four drills 46 rotate at the same time. Therefore, when this multi-axis drill head or workpiece is fed in the direction of the drill axis, drilling is performed and holes equally distributed around the circumference are simultaneously drilled.

To change the diameter of the equally spaced circumferences, that is, pitch circles, disengage the bolts 51 and wing nuts 52, remove the bushing plate 48 from the ring plate 49 and the drill 46, and then release the crank lever 34. When loosened to remove the pressure between the pull piece 32 and the guide plate 31, the spindle supports 7, 7' can freely move in the guide grooves 27, respectively. When the handle 37 is rotated, the feed screw 35 rotates and the mating spindle support 7 moves. Now main axis 1
When moving from the state shown in FIG. 2 toward the center of the handle 37, the handle 37, for example,
A scale color is provided on the boss to read the amount of movement. When the spindle support 7 moves, the spindle 26 also moves via the bearing bush 38, and one end of the link 5 moves along the spindle support 7 via the bearing 25, and the other end is moved by the bearing 24 and the shaft of the gear 4. The other end of the link 5, which is connected to the other spindle 26 by rotating the bearing plate 3 through the bearing 23 and coupled to the other spindle 26, is pulled through the bearing 23, the shaft of the gear 4, and the bearing 24. The link 5 has a bearing 25
The spindle 26 is moved through the spindle 26, and thus the spindle support 7' is also moved toward the center of the main shaft 1 guided by the respective guide grooves 27 and the guide plate 31. As already explained in the principle of this invention, in this embodiment, the spindle 26 moves the same distance from the center of the main shaft 1, so that the pitch circles are equally spaced and have different diameters. Clamp lever 3 again
When the spindle supports 7 and 7', that is, the spindle 26, are fixed in position by rotating the slider 4 to press the puller pieces 32 against the guide plates 31, respectively. Button plate 4
8 to the fixing bush 47 with the drill 46, fit it into the ring plate 49 again, insert the bolt 51 into their common hole, and screw in the wing nut 52 to fix it. When increasing the pitch diameter, the spindle support 7 is moved in a direction away from the center of the main shaft 1, contrary to the above.

As described above, according to the similar movement mechanism of multi-axis rotation axes of this invention, by simply rotating and loosening the clamp lever and rotating one handle, equally spaced holes can be moved as shown in the embodiment. The pitch diameter can be reduced or enlarged. Adjustment is easy and the work can be completed in an extremely short time because all you have to do is loosen the clamp and rotate the handle. If the main shaft gear or the intermediate gear that meshes with the main shaft gear is provided in two or more stages, the number of rotations transmitted to each spindle can be changed, making it possible to process drills with different diameters. This embodiment adjusts the pitch diameter of equally distributed holes, but generally the positions of multiple spindles arranged around the main axis can be reduced or expanded while maintaining similarity, so they can be machined into a series of large and small. It can be said that it has great power in changing the setup of drilling parts such as those that require drilling. These are generally applicable not only to drilling but also to reaming, honing, etc. When a lapping wheel is attached to the end of the spindle as a vertical type, it can be used as a lapping machine depending on the size of the lapping wheel. You can also change the equally distributed pitch diameter.

In this embodiment, a feed screw 35, a hurdle 37, etc. are provided to move the spindle support 7, but the pitch diameter can be changed by moving the bearing plate 3 to the main shaft 1.
It may be provided with means rotatable around. That is, a worm wheel centered at the center of the main shaft 1 is fixed to the side surface of the bearing plate 3, and the shaft of the worm that engages with the worm wheel is pivotally attached to the gear box 9, and the end of the worm shaft extending outside the gear box 9 is rotated. By moving the drill 46, the pitch diameter of the placed drill 46 changes. (not shown)

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a drawing showing the mechanism principle of this device, Figure 2
The figure is a front view of an embodiment of this invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1...Main shaft, 2...Main shaft gear, 3...Bearing plate,
4...Gear, 5...Link, 6...Gear, 7,
7'...Spindle support, 8...Main body, 9...
...Gear box, 11...Bearing, 12...Bearing, 13...
...Bevel gear, 17... Bearing, 18... Distance bar, 19... Nut, 23, 24, 25... Bearing, 26... Spindle, 27... Guide groove, 28
... Groove, 31 ... Guide plate, 32 ... Pull piece, 3
3... Clamp lever shaft, 34... Clamp lever, 35... Feed screw, 36... Stopper, 3
7...Handle, 38...Bearing bush, 39...
...Thrust bearing, 42...Adapter, 46...Drill.

Claims (1)

[Utility Model Claims] 1. A multi-shaft rotating device characterized in that a main shaft having a main shaft gear fixed to its end is rotatably fixed to a gear box, one bearing plate is rigidly supported so as to be rotatable about the center line of the main shaft, the shafts of multiple intermediate gears which mesh with the main shaft gear are pivotally mounted on the one bearing plate, one end of a link is supported rotatably about the axis of each intermediate gear, and the other end of the link is pivotally mounted to a spindle supported on a spindle support which engages with a linear guide formed on the periphery of the gear box so as to be capable of sliding toward the center of the main shaft, and the gears fixed to each spindle and the intermediate gears are engaged with each other, and a moving means for fixing the spindle support is provided, and the arrangement of the multiple spindles changes similarly. 2. A multi-shaft rotating device as described in Utility Model Claim 1, which is provided with linear guides which engage with spindle supports inclined in the same direction so as to pass the same distance from the center of the main shaft.