JPS6258335A - Issuing device for list of program - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To understand visually overall structure of a source program by synthesizing the image information produced from the structure analysis information and the condition deciding analysis information with a source program list. CONSTITUTION:A compiler 2 performs the structure analysis or the condition deciding analysis of a source program 1 and sends the structure analysis information 3 and the condition deciding analysis information 4 to a printer image control part 7. Based on these information, the part 7 gives a pattern request signal 8 to a pattern generator 9 and also the image memory address data 14 to an image memory 19 and writes the image data 16 which is changed into an approximate size by an enlarging/reducing circuit part 12. The image data delivered from an image memory 19 is given to a program list image synthesizing part 17 and synthesized with the list data 13 outputted from the compiler 2. This synthetic data is displayed on a display device 20.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for outputting a list of programs to a display device or a printer device, and particularly to a method for visually understanding the contents of a program based on information from a compiler. The present invention relates to a program list issuing device that has excellent visibility and can add figures and symbols to make the program easier to read.

[Traditional technique]

2. Description of the Related Art As integrated circuit technology advances, personal computers, microcomputers, and the like have become more sophisticated, and many programming languages have become available. Especially 19
The C and Fortran languages run on the UNIX operating system (OS) developed at Bell Laboratories in the early 1970s.

High-level languages such as Pascal language and Lisp language can be used.

In particular, the C language is a high-level language and at the same time has the flexibility of assembler language, that is, machine language, which allows programs to be created and executed quickly, and is highly compatible with different systems.

It is especially used on UNIX. However, it is possible to create programs that are extremely difficult to understand using the C language, so it is necessary to write programs that are safe and easy to understand. In other languages, such as Lisp, the source program itself.

It is written in the S expression, which has a lot of power and 7 symbols.

The correspondence between left and right parentheses can sometimes be very difficult to understand. In this way, C language, Lisp language, etc. are source programs that are easy to understand for humans, but if you output the program list as is to a display device or printer using only the symbols unique to the programming language, it becomes difficult to understand (there are times when it is difficult to understand). be.

In general, high-performance O8 systems such as UNIX have a screen editor that edits on the display device screen.You can input your own operating program from the keyboard, make corrections if necessary to create an error-free operating program, and then edit the source code. You can save it to disk as a file, output it from disk, and edit it again. In the past, even on such a screen editor, the source files were simply listed as they were created. Therefore, when you look at the program list on one screen because it is listed according to the source file, it is difficult to understand the structure of the program contents, especially when the operation program is long. , subroutine nesting state i,
It has the disadvantage that the range of IF statements, loop statements, effective ranges, etc. cannot be understood at a glance. Especially when making conditional judgments, if there are a large number of conditions, it is difficult to understand the effective scope of the conditional judgments, and if the user does not remember each judgment symbol and its priority order, they will not be able to understand what the program is doing. It may not be possible to do so. This is because the program itself is listed only as a list of alphabets and special symbols, and does not contain image-like information.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks and adds image information that graphically represents the structure or content of the program to the list of operating programs, making it easier to visually understand the program you wrote yourself. .

Program nesting, scope of loop statements.

Or, use logic symbols to prioritize conditions, etc.
Because it is output to the output device as screen information.

To provide a program list issuing device that is very easy to understand and has excellent visibility.

[Key points of the invention]

According to the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a program list issuing device, which is characterized in that it has a pattern generating means that generates a pattern by patterning the contents of the program based on the information of the program. This is achieved by

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a program list issuing device with excellent visibility according to the present invention. O89, such as UNIX, used in personal computers or microcomputer systems
The system includes a screen editor, which is used to input one's own program from the keyboard, perform appropriate editing, and create an error-free source program 1 as a source file on the disk. Compiler 2
translates a program you have written into machine language, or a sequence of instructions, that can be directly executed by a computer. This machine language program is called an object program.
This is also output from the compiler 2 as an object file. The object program created from the source program in the source file 1 is stored in the object file 5, but if input/output control is involved, it cannot be executed alone. They are combined by a linker, changed into a load module that is finally stored in main memory, and then executed. Conventionally, even if the compiler 2 analyzes the structure of a source program or analyzes conditions for determining conditions, this analysis is only used within the compiler.9 In the present invention, as shown in FIG. The information is transmitted to the printer image control section 7. The structure analysis information 3 is information regarding the start and end of a subroutine, loop statement, or conditional statement, and information indicating the nesting state of the subroutine. Further, the one-condition judgment analysis information 4 is information regarding the priority order of operators of four arithmetic operations and the priority order of logical symbols 9 such as and, or, exclusive or, etc.

The printer image control unit 7 notifies the compiler 2 of line increase information that occurs when converting into a print image based on the structure analysis information 3 and condition judgment analysis information 4 as line change information 6.

The compiler 2 uses this as up/down information to count the number of lines when switching pages.

Further, the printer image control unit 7 also controls the structure analysis information 3.
．． Alternatively, the pattern request signal 8 is given to the pattern generator 9 based on the condition judgment analysis information 4. Also, to scale the output figure.

An enlargement/reduction request signal 11 is given to the enlargement/reduction circuit section 12 . Further, the image memory address data 14 is given to the image memory 19 storing the figure prepared in advance, and at the same time, the write request signal 15 is given to the enlargement/reduction circuit section 12 to transform the figure to an appropriate size, that is, image data. 16 is controlled to be written into the image memory 19. That is.

The print image control section 7 includes a pattern generator 9.
It is a central portion that controls the enlargement/reduction circuit section 12 and the image memory 19. The appropriately changed figure is stored as image data one line higher than the image memory 19.
It is output to the output line 18.

It is given as one input to the program list image data synthesis section 17. The other input to the list image data synthesis section 17 is a list of the source program itself output from the compiler 2.

This is list data 13. Figures for understanding the source program list 13 output from the compiler 2 and the structure and contents of the source program.

That is, when the image data 18 is synthesized by the program list image data synthesis section 17, the final list data is outputted to the output line 20.

The list data 20 is displayed as synthesized information on the display device 20 as screen information via the CRT control unit 21. Alternatively, the program list and graphic information added for understanding the list are outputted to the printer 24 via the printer control unit 23 in a combined form. in this way.

The present invention is an apparatus for adding figures, ie, images, to the list of source programs themselves, making it possible to visually understand the contents of the source programs.

Next, graphical information that makes it easier to visually understand the contents of a program list will be explained using a specific example. Program structures, conditional judgments, etc. differ depending on the type of program, but programs generally include conditional statements, loop statements, and subroutines. In the case of the C language, a program is constructed as a collection of functions, the functions can be arranged in any order, and the functions themselves are independent and can be compiled independently. That is, the C language is a type of structured program.

The Pascal language is also a structured program. Lisp language is also a language that is constructed as a collection of functions.
Generally, it is a source program with many parentheses called S expression. In the C language, Pascal language, Lisp language, etc., there are functions within functions, or the same function can be inserted within the same function to enable recursive calling, allowing complex control. by such high-level languages.

Since the structure and judgment method are different, in this embodiment, C language is used as an example, and a method of adding graphic information to a program list will be explained. In the C language, address pointers are used as data, and there are a large number of types of operators (9) Blocks are expressed in large letters so that the representation method is also very compact.In the C language, 1 For example, 1 An increment is represented by ++, a decrement is represented by -
Expressed as 1 and as bit-wise operation symbols, &, +! .

Using Hunt symbols, the logical operations are 1. Use &,
Binary shift uses 〉ku. Also, the while statement is a syntax that controls the flow of the program.

for statement + if statement, do statement, 5w1tch
There are sentences, case sentences, etc.

An example of the original text of the C language is shown in Figure 2 (al).Figure 2+8
), the first define instruction is MAXL
This is a macro instruction that defines the character string INE as a value of 1ooo. The main () on the second line is necessary for the beginning of the C language, and the main () on the third and 14th lines.
It is a procedural program that enumerates statements before the ; symbol and generally executes each statement in order.

The fourth line is a statement that declares the variable n to be an integer type,
The fifth line is a statement that declares a character variable called 1ine that can represent up to 1ooo characters. Note that the sentence between the /* symbols on the second line is a comment, which in this case notes that this program is a program for removing blanks and tabs. The while statement on the 6th line is one of the syntaxes that controls the flow of the program, and it instructs to repeat the execution between the 9th order brackets () while the contents of the parentheses () hold true. It is. In other words, the variable 1ine and MAXLINE! As long as the result of substituting n with the value of the getline function that has the variable as an argument and substituting 2 is positive, the sentences from the 7th line to the 13th line will be executed. Furthermore, in the 7th line, +vh
There is an ile statement. The -hile statement on the 7th line changes variable n to 1
This is a statement that instructs to repeat the next 8th to 10th lines while the variable n resulting from subtraction is O or positive.

The if statement on the 8th line is a syntax that changes the flow of the program, and only when the sentences enclosed in parentheses () on the 8th and 9th lines hold true, the if statement on the 10th line, that is, tyre
Execute the ak command. In other words, break on line 10
The command indicates the end of the execution of the while statement on the seventh line, and at the same time indicates the end of the if statement on the eighth line, and is a statement indicating escape from the routine. The symbol && in the conditional expression of the if statement, which is made up of two overlapping AND symbols, represents a logical AND, and the nth variable 1ine is not blank.

It also instructs to escape from the if statement only when it is not a tab (\t) or line feed (\n) symbol. In other words! The symbol represents an inequality comparison. After exiting the if statement, execute the while on the 7th line and decrement n by 1, and the result is still.

If it is positive, the if statement will be executed again. Repeat this operation until n becomes O.

The while statement corresponding to the 7th line is explained, and the statement on the 11th line is executed. The statement on line 11 sets 10 character variables to 1 i
Assign to the (n+1)th ne variable and make that 1ine variable 1
The printf statement on the second line instructs printing as a character string and starting a new line. Then, return to the while statement on the 6th line again, and execute the following in the same way while the value of variable n is positive. In this way, an operation program for removing blanks and tabs on the rear side has been created.

Such a C language source program is stored in a source file 1 on the system shown in FIG.

This source file is as shown in Figure 2(a).

It is expressed only as a list of the source programs themselves, which is visually very difficult to understand.

In the present invention, based on the structure analysis information 3 given from the compiler 2 to the print image control section 7, the structure of the program is separated by arrows as shown in FIG. It's easy to understand. That is, as shown in FIG. 2(b), an arrow 10 is graphically output on the screen to indicate that the left large kafko on the 3rd line (and the stone fire kafko on the 14th line) correspond. This represents the beginning and end of the main sentence. Furthermore, arrow 11 indicates the effective range of the 5nhile statement on line 6, and indicates that the brackets at the end of line 6 (and the parentheses on line 13) correspond. Similarly, % on the 7th line
Since the effective range of the 1file statement is the break statement on the 10th line, this is represented by an arrow 12. Also,
The valid range of the if statement on line 8 is br from line 8 to line 10
Since it extends up to the ead statement, this effective range is represented by an arrow 13. By effectively using arrow shapes in this way, the nesting status can be visually understood at a glance. In other words, there is a while sentence shown by arrow 12 in one whole sentence shown by arrow 11, and the while sentence is shown by arrow 12.
It can be visually seen that the le statement includes an if syntax indicated by arrow 13.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the compiler 2 supplies the condition judgment analysis information 4 to the print image control unit 7, so that when there are many conditions, for example, 9 condition judgment statements, they are expressed using logic symbols. That is, the pattern request signal 8 is outputted from the printer image control section 7 to the pattern generator 9 so as to output a logic symbol, and the enlargement/reduction request signal 11 is sent to the enlargement/reduction circuit section 1.
2 and enlarge the logic symbol to an appropriate size/
It is reduced in size and stored in the image memory 19.

Then, the logic symbol is outputted as one line image data, and when outputting the original text of the source program shown in FIG. 20 and output to the CR via the CRT control unit 21.
Printer 24 via T20 or printer control unit 23
You can output it to The results are shown in Figure 2 (C1; Figure 2 fc).
It is graphically expressed using logical symbols as well as arrow symbols according to the structural analysis information shown in Figure (b).

In other words, the conditional expression of the if statement on line 8 in the original text of Figure 2 (al) is 5 if the nth value of the variable 1ine is neither a blank symbol nor a tab symbol nor a newline return symbol Since this is a command to execute the following, if this is expressed using logical symbols, the && symbol will be changed to an and shape and output as shown in Figure 2 (C). The parentheses () are enlarged on the screen.If you add logical AND symbols like this by graphically combining them with the source program list, you can visually visualize the condition judgment. It is obvious that it will be easier to understand.

By outputting logic symbols graphically.

Furthermore, it becomes possible to visually understand the priority order when determining conditions. For example, the source program in FIG. 3(a) is a logical conditional expression of an if statement written in C language, and a variable C
Take the result of performing a bitwise OR on and D, perform a bitwise AND on the variable B, perform a logical OR on that result and A, and if the result does not satisfy the logical OR, a
= Execute b.

Otherwise, it is a sentence that executes a=c.

Even if such a source program is output on a display device, it cannot be visually understood immediately and the user is required to think logically. Therefore.

In the present invention, this logical conditional sentence is generated by outputting logical symbols from a pattern generator 9 based on the condition judgment analysis information 3.
Synthesize along with connection information of logical symbols that match the conditional statement,
A program list image data synthesis unit 17 synthesizes the list information with the list information of the source program and displays the image on, for example, a display device. The result is shown in Figure 3(b)
It is shown in the figure below. The priority order of the logical symbols required for conditional judgment is the symbol before NO, bitwise AND, bitwise OR, and logical OR. If the conditional expression of the if statement in the original text of Figure 3 (al) is expressed in symbols according to the priority order, as shown in Figure 3 (b), C
It is expressed graphically by taking the OR result of and D and taking B and AND, and then taking the result of A and NOAH.

As described above, the present invention has a function of adding graphic patterns to the source program itself.

Various patterns will be generated from the pattern generator 9. Although there are various types of patterns, the one shown in FIG. 4 is particularly required. Regarding the patterns shown in FIG. 4, one of the patterns will be output when the pattern request signal 8 is output from the printer image control section 7. When the pattern shown in FIG. 4 is generated by the pattern generator 9, it is first inputted to the enlargement/reduction circuit section 12, and the enlargement/reduction request signal 11 is outputted from the printer image control section 7. In this case, the pattern will be enlarged/reduced.

There are various ways of enlarging/reducing.1 For example, as shown in Figure 5, the AND figure a can be enlarged or reduced according to the size of the screen of the display device to be output, or the screen area of the source program displayed on that screen. is changed to an appropriate size, such as b, C, or d. The enlarged/reduced image is stored in the image memory 19. In accordance with the write request signal 15 output from the print image control section 7, the image is simultaneously written to the memory address specified by the address data 14 output from the control section 7. Then, the program list image composition section 17 composites the image with the source program list. The synthesis section 17 is.

In addition to compositing, operations may also be performed to omit unnecessary lists and replace images and lists. The situation is shown in FIG. The source program list output from the compiler 2 and the image information 6 output from the image memory 19 may include, for example, arrow symbols to clarify the program structure or logical symbols to make condition judgments easier to see. Combined and output.

Note that the data output from the image memory 19 is one line image data, and therefore the data output from the image memory 19 is 1 line image data.
9, as shown in FIG. 7, stores only 1947 minutes of image data.

FIG. 7 shows one example in accordance with the address and write request signal given from the print image control section 7.

Write 70 image data to address 1.

When 71 image data and 72 image data are written to address 2 and address 3 as data for one line, respectively, by combining them, the seventh
A figure like the one shown at the bottom of the figure will be obtained and output.

As described above, the present invention includes the print image control unit 7° pattern generator 9. Enlargement/reduction circuit section 12゜image memory 19 and printer list image data synthesis section 17
Connect to the output of compiler 2.

While providing line change information to the compiler 2 based on the structure analysis information 3 and condition judgment analysis information 4 output from the compiler 2, image information is synthesized with the source program list and output to the CRT 20 or printer 24. That's what I do.

C Effects of the Invention] The present invention synthesizes the image information created based on the structure analysis information and condition judgment analysis information output from the compiler together with the source program list, thereby analyzing the overall structure of the source program. This has the effect of making it possible to visually understand the conditions, and also making it possible to understand the conditional judgments visually, as well as making it possible to understand at a glance the priority order when making one-conditional judgments. Furthermore, the user does not have to parse confusing program lists.

Because you can immediately understand the program visually.

This has the effect of reducing the burden on the user.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a list generation device according to the present invention. Figure 2 (a) is the original text of the source program. FIG. 2(b) is a source program in which arrow symbols are added to the source program of FIG. 2(a) in order to make the structure easier to see, according to the present invention. FIG. 2(C) is a source program diagram showing the result of a source program in which condition judgment is visualized according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a source program diagram expressing logical condition judgments using logical symbols according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows an example of a pattern generated by a pattern generator. Figure 5 shows the enlargement/reduction of the AND figure executed in the enlargement/reduction section.
Example of reduction. FIG. 6 is an embodiment diagram showing the functions of the program list image synthesis section of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a storage method for one line of image data stored in the image memory of the present invention. 1... Source file. 2...Compiler. 3... Structural analysis information. 4...Condition judgment analysis information. 5...Object file. 6...Line change information. 7...Print image control section. 8...Pattern request. 9...Pattern generator. 10...Image data. 11... Enlargement/reduction request signal, 12... Enlargement/reduction unit. 13...Program list. 14...Address data. 15...Write request signal. 16... Enlarged/reduced image data. 17...Program list/image data synthesis section. 18...1 line image data. 19...Image data. 20...Final list. 2.1...CRT control section. 22...CRT. 23...Printer control unit. 24...Printer. Patent Applicant: Casio Computer Co., Ltd. 1 --- Source file 2 --- Konha 9 Ira 3-71:4 Kaiseki Kiho 4 --- tal J Hiko v Kazu ff + 1iliL sweet 1 page, 71-Fumai 1 V et al. ---Line blow history report 7---Blint image: /"Contest" 1P included 28-1-
Ban7-ban*ni-? ---, Matter/Sheet 2 Nere 9 10---Image 13-1-Alobra list 14--17 Dress〒°-ta 15--Light season number 16--O Melon entry/picking 1)・2rer; Image Sen-22
0-9 is also 917 fights zl-CRT sword control section 22 ---CRT Fig. 1 (C) (ω Fig. 4 * sVA Fig. 6 7th cause

Claims (1)

Claims: 1) An apparatus for issuing a list of programs, characterized in that the apparatus includes a pattern generation means for generating a pattern by generating a pattern from the contents of the program based on the information of the program. 2) In a computer system that includes a compiler that inputs a source program and creates an object program,
Using the structure analysis information and condition judgment analysis information of the source program output from the compiler, add it to the list of the source programs output from the compiler to visually understand the structure or condition judgment of the source program. a peripheral device of the computer system, comprising: means for generating image information to facilitate understanding; and means connected to the generating means and the compiler, for synthesizing the source program list and the image information;
A program list issuing device characterized in that when outputting the source program list, the image information is added and displayed. 3) Inputting structural analysis information and condition judgment analysis information output from the compiler, providing line change information to the compiler, and outputting the image information in order to add the image information to the list of the source program. a pattern generator that outputs a pattern when a pattern request is issued from the print image control section; and a pattern generator that outputs a pattern when an enlargement/reduction request is issued from the print image control section; an enlargement/reduction circuit section for enlarging/reducing the image data from the pattern generator; and writing the image data from the enlargement/reduction circuit section when a write address and a write request for writing are issued from the print image control section. an image memory stored in the image memory, a program list image data synthesis section that synthesizes output information of the image memory and the source program list output from the compiler, and an output device connected to the program list image data synthesis section. A program list issuing device according to claim 2, comprising: 4) The program list issuing device according to claim 2, wherein the image information generating means generates pattern information consisting of arrows and lines connecting the arrows based on the condition judgment analysis information. 5) The list of programs according to claim 2, wherein the image information generating means generates pattern information consisting of input/output signals and figures representing logical symbols based on the structural analysis information. Publishing device.