JPS625264Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

[Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to the improvement of underwater cleaning machines, and particularly to cleaning organisms such as barnacles and oysters attached to the surfaces of ships, underwater structures, floating objects, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as underwater structures), rust, This invention relates to an underwater cleaning machine for efficiently removing old paint, etc. (hereinafter referred to as deposits). [Prior art] In recent years, structures that cannot be moved from the designated sea area for maintenance, such as oil storage barges and offshore plant ships, or fixed underwater structures, such as sea berths, port facilities, cooling water intakes, etc. Things are on the rise. As time passes, the paint films of these underwater structures deteriorate, and those made of iron rust and become contaminated with various organisms. Also, if items are left unused for many years, deposits may build up.
Because of the thickness, it was impossible to completely remove the deposits using a rotating brush type underwater cleaning machine, and maintenance using underwater painting was also impossible. In addition, it is especially difficult to remove deposits from curved surfaces, such as water intakes and waterways constructed of concrete, etc., which increases fluid resistance and reduces intake and drainage efficiency. There are other problems. Conventional examples of devices for removing such deposits include Utility Model Application No. 53-131661 and Utility Model Application No. 52-136400.
No. 55-155586, Utility Model Application No. 51-699, etc., have proposed devices configured to press using the drainage force of a brush impeller on the surface to be cleaned. The disadvantages of the various underwater cleaning machines described above are as follows. [A] For example, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-131661, the cleaning device 10 is mainly composed of an impeller 7 in the outer shell 1, a cleaning brush 8, and a motor 3, but this device has a different structure. It is complex, unreliable, and expensive. Furthermore, although the device is not pressed manually against the surface to be cleaned, the thrust generated by the rotation of the impeller 7 is used, and the pressing force is insufficient. If this device is implemented as a hand tool for divers (necessary for cleaning curved surfaces, etc.), the device will have an extremely large structure, and there is a problem in that it cannot be put to practical use in terms of operability. Furthermore, cleaning is performed by rotating the cleaning brush 8.
Since this is done by rubbing the deposits on the surface to be cleaned and gradually wearing them away, only soft deposits can be cleaned, and it is inefficient. In other words, if the flocked hair comes into contact with a hard and firmly attached substance, the flocked hair will be deformed.
Cleaning of these deposits is impossible. Furthermore, since the bristles of the cleaning brush 8 spread out due to centrifugal force due to rotation, the density of the bristles becomes sparse at the tip, reducing wiping efficiency and cleaning power, making it impossible to increase the number of rotations. In other words, there is a problem in that the cleaning power is low considering the number of rotations. In the case of brushes for underwater cleaning machines, there are many manufacturing steps to make the brushes flocked, so they tend to be expensive, and each brush is thin if you look at the individual flocks. Coupled with the deformation caused by cleaning, the durability is poor and the running cost of cleaning is high. [B] The invention described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 50-117198 has a structure in which suction and cleaning are performed by a rotating brush plate whose entire surface is flocked with relatively short brush bristles. In addition to the disadvantages of the general rotating brush method, such as the brush life and cleaning efficiency mentioned above, this conventional example has brush bristles planted all over the disk, so even in the center of the disk after cleaning has been completed, Since the brush bristles come into contact with the surface to be cleaned, frictional resistance increases and the required power increases. The distance between the disc and the surface to be cleaned depends on the strength of the brush bristles, and due to brush wear, bristles falling down, etc., the distance becomes narrower immediately after operation, and the pressing force increases from the beginning. Therefore, it becomes difficult to stably exhibit cleaning performance. In addition, due to excessive pressing force, brush wear and collapse become more severe.
The life of the brush will be shortened. The distance between the surface to be cleaned and the rotating disk increases by the length of the brush, and if the diameter of the disk is made small, the necessary suction force cannot be obtained. There are drawbacks such as. [C] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 140492/1983 has been proposed as an apparatus for use in peeling off paint films on the ground. In the device of this invention, a dish-shaped rotating body 3 is fixed to the tip of a rotating shaft 2, and an appropriate number of chrysanthemum-shaped chips 4A are rotatably attached to the side wall 3A of this rotating body 3 as one block 4. Chip 4A
The lower end 4' of the side wall protrudes from the lower side of the side wall. If this device is used as an underwater cleaning device, as the rotating body 3 rotates, no suction force is generated on the surface to be cleaned, and it is necessary to manually press the device against the surface to be cleaned. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 of the above-mentioned publication, the device must be kept tilted at a certain angle so that the chrysanthemum-shaped tip 4A comes into contact with the surface to be cleaned in parallel. As a practical matter, it is impossible for a diver to perform the above operations underwater unless there is a firm foothold, and even if it were possible, the diver's fatigue would be so great that it would be impractical. Furthermore, if the rotating body were to attract the surface to be cleaned, it would be harmful to hold it at an angle, and the generation of attraction force must be prevented as much as possible. Furthermore, in the known example, in order to prevent clogging of the cleaning attachment and improve durability,
When the chrysanthemum-shaped chip 4A is rotatably attached to the side wall of the rotating body 3 and the cross-sectional shape of the rotating body 3 is dish-shaped, the chrysanthemum-shaped chip 4A
The blocks 4 are arranged to contact the surface to be cleaned one by one in parallel with the surface to be cleaned in approximately linear contact. Cleaning does not destroy deposits due to impact force,
This is done by gradually wearing away the surface of the deposits. Therefore, even if it can be used underwater, it is extremely inefficient for cleaning thickly adhered marine organisms. In addition, the removed barnacles and other organisms may clog the rotating part of the chrysanthemum-shaped chip, making it impossible to rotate it, so it cannot be put to practical use. [Purpose of the invention] The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive study to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art as described above.The purpose of this invention is to (a) (b) To provide a device in which the disk itself has the ability to cut the surface to be cleaned; (c) To provide a device that has excellent cutting ability and operability. providing the equipment; To achieve the above object, the present invention is an underwater cleaning machine that has a disk rotated by a drive machine and cleans by adsorbing it to a non-cleaning surface by rotating the disk. Underwater cleaning for removing deposits from the surface of an underwater structure, characterized in that the overall shape of the disk is approximately a dish-shaped opening on the surface to be cleaned, and the peripheral edge of the disk is formed into a shearing blade. It is a machine. [Example] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the underwater cleaning machine of the present invention, and the underwater cleaning machine 1 basically consists of a buoyancy tank 2, an air motor 3, and a disk 5 attached to the rotating shaft of the air motor 3. The buoyancy tank 2 is formed in a watertight manner, and in addition to adjusting the buoyancy, has the role of a holding cover for the disk 5. The air motor 3 is installed in the buoyancy tank 2, and has an air supply pipe 7 through which compressed air A is introduced and an exhaust port 8. The disc 5 is approximately dish-shaped with a concave portion in the center, and a shearing blade 4 is integrally provided on the periphery of the disc. The disk 5 is placed face down on the surface 6 to be cleaned. 2a to 2c are plan views of the disk 5. FIG. In figure a, 12 shearing blades 4 are provided intermittently on the peripheral edge of a disc 5, and suction force adjustment holes 10 are also provided, and the disc 5 is used face down on a surface 6 to be cleaned. Figure b shows an embodiment in which six shearing blades 4 are provided, and Figure c shows an embodiment in which continuous shearing blades 4 are provided throughout the peripheral edge of the disc 5, and six suction force adjustment holes 10 are provided. Examples are provided for each. The size of the disk 5 and the shape of the shearing blade 4 are selected depending on the shape of the surface to be cleaned 6 and the state of deposits. For example, the size of the disk 5 and the shape of the shearing blade 4 are Since the pressure is small, the cleaning force is small, but since the number of shear blades 4 is large, the cleaning state is minute. Further, in the case of a disk in which the shearing blades 4 are arranged closely in this manner, the gap between the cutting edge portion and the surface to be cleaned 6 is reduced. When such a disk 5 is rotated at high speed, if the diameter is large, the suction force against the surface to be cleaned 6 may become too large, making it difficult to move the cleaner 1. Therefore, a suction force adjustment hole 10 is provided in the disk 5. , it may be preferable to reduce the suction force. However, if the surface to be cleaned 6 is not flat and has a pipe shape, for example, a gap is appropriately formed around the periphery of the disk 5, so the suction force adjustment hole 10 may not be necessary. Since the disk 5 in FIG. 2b has a large surface pressure on the shearing blade 4, the cleaning force is strong, but the cleaning condition is rough.
In this case, since a gap is created between the shearing blade 4 and the surface to be cleaned 6, the suction force adjustment 10 is hardly required. The disk 5 in Fig. 2c has shearing blades 4 all over its periphery, and the cleaning surface is extremely dense, but the cleaning power is weak, and the suction force is strong when the diameter is large and the number of rotations is high. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a large number of suction force adjustment holes 10. The shape of the shearing blade 4 may be chevron-shaped, saw-toothed, wave-shaped, etc.
You can choose the appropriate one. Further, the size of the disk needs to be selected depending on the surface to be cleaned, and in particular, when cleaning a pipe surface, a disk with a diameter of about 1/10 of the pipe diameter is preferable. In addition, since the material of the shearing blade 4 is required to have wear resistance, it is recommended to join high-speed steel, cemented carbide (Igetalloy, Tungaloy, etc.) to the peripheral edge of the disk 5, as shown in FIG. preferable. The material of the disk 5 is preferably one that has a small increase in weight underwater, and examples of metal, FRP, wood, etc. are used. Although the outer wall constituting the buoyancy tank 2 does not need to be pressure-resistant, it has a noise-muffling function as an exhaust route, and the mounting position of the exhaust port 8 is also arbitrary, making it easy to set the center of gravity. It is necessary to adjust the buoyancy by setting the specific gravity slightly higher than the specific gravity of water to make it easier to handle underwater, but for small aircraft that can be operated with one hand, the underwater weight should be 0 to 3 kg, and for large aircraft, the underwater weight should be 0 to 7 kg. A range is preferred. Next, the functions of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. When the main valve 12 of the air main pipe 11 is opened, compressed air passes through an adjustment mechanism 13 such as an oiler, a pressure regulator, and a filter, passes through an air supply hose 14, and is sent to an air motor valve 15. When the air motor valve 15 is opened, the air motor 3 rotates, and at the same time, the disk 5 rotates. After use, the air is pumped to the water surface 18 by an exhaust hose 17 supported by a floating body 16.
8, but it is also possible to install a check valve at the tip of the exhaust hose 17 and exhaust the gas into the sea. After submerging the underwater cleaning machine 1 in this state, a diver (not shown) cuts the shear blade 4 of the disc 5.
When the disk 5 is rotated by driving the air motor 3 while pressing the disk 5 against the surface 6 to be cleaned, deposits, etc. are removed, and the disk 5 starts suctioning the surface 6 to be cleaned. This suction effect of the disk 5 is generated by a clever combination of the water discharged by centrifugal force as the disk 5 rotates and the shape of the recess 19 (FIG. 3) on the inner surface of the disk 5. However, the subsequent pressing force is mostly covered by the suction force. The tie bar, which requires almost no pressing force against the surface to be cleaned 6 of the underwater cleaning machine 1, can completely clean the surface to be cleaned 6 by simply moving it along the surface of the surface to be cleaned 6. This cleaning ability is achieved by rotating the 6-blade (200φ) disk shown in Figure 2b using a 0.8 (4,500 rpm) air motor to remove barnacles with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm.
It was confirmed that the surfaces to be cleaned including oysters and rust layers could be completely cleaned, including barnacles, oyster roots (pedestals), and rust layers at a speed of 12 to 20 m ² /hour. In addition, pitting corrosion and rust on welded parts are caused by the abrasive force and suction force caused by the rotation of a disk that has shear blades on its periphery, and by the centrifugal drainage force caused by the rotation of the disk. Complete removal is achieved by the vigorous jet flow. In the present invention, it is necessary for the disk 5 itself to have a function of generating adsorption force to the surface to be cleaned and forcibly collecting dirt removed from the surface to be cleaned. In order to confirm the function of the underwater cleaning machine according to the present invention, the present inventor conducted a comparative experiment and calculation of the suction force between a flat disc and a dish-shaped disc.
It was confirmed that the suction force of the dish-shaped disk was approximately 60 to 70% of the suction force of the flat disk, and that the suction force was stable. Theoretically, if the adsorption force of the flat disk is Ptp, the adsorption force of the dish-shaped disk is Ptc, the height of the space (indentation) of the dish-shaped disk is s, and the radius at the maximum diameter is r, then both disks Adsorption force ratio: Ptc/Ptp
The ratio between the height s of the space of the disk-shaped disk and the radius r of the disk: Looking at the relationship between s/r, the following values are obtained.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, the present invention is an underwater cleaning machine that has a disk rotated by a drive machine, and cleans by adsorbing it to a surface to be cleaned by rotating the disk, and the overall shape of the disk is The disc has a substantially dish-shaped opening on the side to be cleaned, and has a shearing blade on the periphery of the disc, so it has the following effects. (a) Since a dish-shaped disk having a shearing blade on the circular edge is used, the pressing means for the surface to be cleaned and the cleaning means such as the cleaning member can perform their functions at the same time without having to separate them. There is no flocking, the structure is extremely simple, and it can be manufactured at low cost. (b) The shearing blades installed on the periphery of the cleaning disk are
Cleaning efficiency is high because the entire circumference contacts the surface to be cleaned at the same time. (c) Since the disk is approximately dish-shaped, facing down toward the surface to be cleaned, the shearing blade hits the deposits at an angle,
Since the thickly attached part (pedestal) of deposits is sheared with a sharp blade, the deposits can be removed extremely efficiently, and less power is required. (d) Since the disk is approximately dish-shaped, there is no frictional resistance with the surface to be cleaned other than the peripheral edge of the shearing blade, unlike in the case of a rotating brush plate, so less power is required. (e) The suction force of the disk is always working during rotational cleaning, so even if a diver tries to tilt the device, it will be difficult to tilt, and the shear blade will try to slide on the surface to be cleaned, so it will be difficult for the diver to tilt the device. Highly safe. (f) The disk can be manufactured simply by forming a shearing blade by notching the peripheral edge of a flat plate, for example a steel plate, and then pressing it into a substantially dish shape, and has an extremely simple structure and is durable. It can be manufactured at low cost. (g) Since the disk is approximately dish-shaped, the distance between the disk and the surface to be cleaned is defined by the space or depth of the dish, that is, the distance can be set appropriately and constant.
Therefore, unlike rotating brush suction, the pressing force is not unstable and the cleaning performance is stable. (h) Since the disk is rotated by an air motor installed in the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank has buoyancy underwater, so there is less burden on the operator (diver).
In addition, it can be used as a ball weapon in case of emergency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an overall sectional view of the underwater cleaning machine of the present invention, Figures 2 a to c are plan views of the disc, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the disc, and Figure 4 shows the underwater cleaning machine in operation. FIG. 1... Underwater cleaning machine, 2... Buoyancy tank, 3...
Air motor, 4... shearing blade, 5... disk, 6...
Surface to be cleaned, 7... Air supply pipe, 8... Exhaust port, 9...
Air, 10... Suction force adjustment hole, 11... Air main pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] This is an underwater cleaning machine that has a disk rotated by a drive machine and cleans by adsorbing it to the surface to be cleaned by rotating the disk, and the overall shape of the disk is 1. An underwater cleaning machine for removing deposits from the surface of an underwater structure, characterized in that it has a substantially dish-shaped opening and is provided with shearing blades on the periphery of the disc.