JPS6251652B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6251652B2
JPS6251652B2 JP9843184A JP9843184A JPS6251652B2 JP S6251652 B2 JPS6251652 B2 JP S6251652B2 JP 9843184 A JP9843184 A JP 9843184A JP 9843184 A JP9843184 A JP 9843184A JP S6251652 B2 JPS6251652 B2 JP S6251652B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cmps
product
reaction
pei
adsorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP9843184A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60241932A (en
Inventor
Tatsuo Tashiro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
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Priority to JP9843184A priority Critical patent/JPS60241932A/en
Publication of JPS60241932A publication Critical patent/JPS60241932A/en
Publication of JPS6251652B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6251652B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は非イオン性及びアニオン性界面活性
剤、さらに詳しく伝えば産業廃水や河川の水中に
存在する非イオン性及びアニオン性界面活性剤の
吸着除去に有効なポリスチレン系吸着剤に関する
ものである。 従来環境汚染防止の見地から、産業廃水や河川
の水に含有されるCOD及びBODを除く努力が行
われている。産業廃水や河川の水中に存在する汚
染物質である有機化合物の除去用吸着剤として、
活性炭、多孔質のスチレン―ジビニルベンゼン共
重合体、イオン交換樹脂などが用いられている。 しかしながら、活性炭は汚染物質吸着後の再生
に難点があり、多孔質スチレン―ジビニルベンゼ
ン共重合体はその細孔を規制することがむづかし
い。また、イオン交換樹脂は非イオン界面活性
剤、染料、フエノール、油分などの有機化合物を
吸着しにくいという欠点がある。 本発明者は非イオン性及びアニオン性界面活性
剤の除去効果にすぐれ、かつ後処理が容易で製造
コストの低い吸着剤を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ね
た結果、ジビニルベンゼン橋かけポリスチレンビ
ーズを主体とした化合物がこの目的に適合するこ
とを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明をなすに
至つた。 すなわち、本発明はその構成単位の一部が一般
式1 (式中のnは1〜45である。) で表わされる単位により置換されたジビニルベン
ゼン橋かけポリスチレンから成る非イオン性及び
アニオン性界面活性剤用吸着剤を提供するもので
ある。 本吸着剤はジビニルベンゼン橋かけポリスチレ
ンビーズをクロロメチル化し、これとポリエチレ
ンポリアミン又はポリエチレンイミンとの反応に
より、或は2―メチル―2―オキサゾリンとの反
応後、生成物を加水分解することによつて製造す
ることができる。ジビニルベンゼン橋かけポリス
チレンビーズのクロロメチル化の方法はすでにい
くつか公表されており、クロロメチル化ジビニル
ベンゼン橋かけポリスチレン(以下CMPSと略記
する)ビーズは市販品をそのまま用いることがで
きる。 市販CMPSには、塩素含有量9.3〜6重量%、
ジビニルベンゼン含有量2〜3モル%のいくつか
種類がある。また市販のジビニルベンゼン橋かけ
ポリスチレン(ジビニルベンゼン含有率2〜3モ
ル%)ビーズをクロロメチル化することによつ
て、そしてその程度によつて、塩素含有量約21%
までのCMPSを製造することができる。本級着剤
を製造するためにはいづれのCMPSも使用するこ
とができる。 CMPSビーズは不溶性であるから、これと試薬
とを反応させる場合、ビーズ内部まで反応しにく
いので、なるべく小さいビーズであること、ビー
ズをできるだけ膨潤させる溶媒を用いることが望
ましい。 溶媒として、ベンゼン、トルエン、ジオキサ
ン、ジメチルアセタミド及びジメチルスルホキシ
ドを用いて、ポリエチレンポリアミン(PEPA)
ポリエチレンイミン(PEI)及びその他の試薬の
結合量及び生成物の元素分析値から、溶媒の適否
を検討した。ベンゼン、ジオキサンはCMPSビー
ズを膨潤させるが、PEPA及びPEIをあまり溶解
しない。反応開始直後、CMPSはこれらの溶媒に
よつて分散されているように見えるが、反応開始
一日後あたりから、CMPSとPEPAやPEIとやわ
らかな塊り状となる。そのまま加温かきまぜを続
けるとPEPA及びPEIは反応していくようであ
る。 ジメチルアセタミド及びジメチルスルホキシド
はCMPSを膨潤し、PEPA及びPEIもよく溶解す
る。しかしながら、両溶媒のCMPS膨潤能はベン
ゼン及びジオキサンよりも小さいようで、PEPA
及びPEIの反応量及び生成物の吸着能はベンゼン
及びジオキサンを使用した反応生成物よりも小さ
かつた。トルエンも溶媒として良くなかつた。 生成物の元素分析値及び吸着能から判断する
と、溶媒はジオキサンかベンゼンが適しているよ
うである。CMPSにジオキサンかベンゼンを加え
て一夜放置して膨潤させ、CMPS中に存在する全
塩原子が反応するのに充分なPEPA或はPEI量
(塩素原子当量に対し3当量或はそれ以上)を加
えて加温、かきまぜて反応させる。 反応時間は温度によつて異なるが、40〜50℃で
は8日、80〜100℃では5〜3日必要である。バ
イルシユタン反応が陰性である生成物の元素分析
値から、クロロメチル基のすべてがPEPA或は
PEIと反応してないことが判明した。一部のクロ
ロメチル基は系中に存在する水分によつて加水分
解されたようである。充分に脱水乾燥させた溶媒
及び反応試薬を用いた場合、100℃で10日反応さ
せて得られた生成物中には微量の塩素が存在する
ものであつた。 PEIは分子量が大きくなるにつれて、溶媒に溶
解しにくくなり、反応性も減少し、長時間反応さ
せても反応量が少なく、したがつてこれらの生成
物の吸着能は小さい。 テトラエチレンペンタミン、ペンタエチレンヘ
キサミンのようなPEPA及び分子量250〜600のよ
うな比較的nの小さい(n=5〜14)PEIを反応
させた生成物が良好な吸着能を示した。生成物の
吸着性能を良くさせる必要条件はこれらのPEPA
及びPEIをできるだけ多くCMPSに結合させるこ
とである。 CMPSにPEIを導入する別な方法として次の方
法がある。CMPSと2―メチル―2―オキサゾリ
ンとを反応容器に入れ、加熱かきまぜた後反応生
成物を濾別し、メタノールで洗浄後抽出する。更
にこれをアルカリ性で加水分解するとCMPS―
PEI生成物が得られる。この生成物の吸着能は良
好であるが、生成物の抽出を充分行わないと、生
成物から水中へ溶出する成分(2―メチル―2―
オキサゾリン及びそのホモポリマー)の量が多く
なるので、抽出精製は充分に行なわなければなら
ない。なお、加水分解前の化合物も非イオン性界
面活性剤吸着能を有している。 本発明の吸着剤はスチレン単位66.46モル%、
ジビニルベンゼン単位2モル%、及び前記一般式
の単位とヒドロキシメチルスチレン単位(クロ
ロメチルスチレン単位が反応中に加水分解されて
生成したと推定される)との合計が31.54モル%
から成り立つている。一般式の単位の量は表1
に示した。なお、本明細書に記載した生成物中に
塩素は存在しなかつた。 以上の生成物をバツチ方式で使用する場合、浄
化水は濾過という最も簡単な方法で生成物と分離
することができる。またカラム方式で使用する場
合、本生成物をカラムに充填して、その一方の口
から非イオン性或はアニオン性界面活性剤を含む
水を通過させることにより、同活性剤は除去さ
れ、もう一方の口から浄化された水を得ることが
できる。 非イオン性或はアニオン性界面活性剤を飽和吸
着した本生成物はメチルまたはエチルアルコール
に浸漬するか、またはこれらのアルコールの一方
を生成物充填カラムを通過させることによつて、
本生成物の吸着能を再生することができる。 本生成物(吸着剤)はCMPSとPEPA或いは
PEI及びベンゼンかジオキサンなどの溶媒との混
合物を加温かきまぜる簡単な方法によつて、また
CMPSと2―メチル―2―オキサゾリンとを加温
かきまぜた後その反応物をアルカリ性で加水分解
する簡単な方法によつて製造することができるの
で、製造コストが低い。したがつて、非イオン性
及びアニオン性界面活性剤による環境汚染防止に
有効に利用し得る。 本生成物はアニオン界面活性剤、例えばドデシ
ルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムを非イオン界面
活性剤、例えばポリエチレングリコールモノ―p
―ノニルフエニルエーテルよりも速かにかつ多く
吸着した。 次に参考例と実施例によつて本発明をさらに詳
細に説明する。 参考例 1 CMPS(ジビニルベンゼン単位2モル%、スチ
レン単位66.46モル%、クロロメチルスチレン単
位31.54モル%=クロロメチル基2.63ミリ当量/
g=塩素含有量9.32wt%)2.00g(クロロメチル
基0.00526モル含有)にジオキサン10mlを加え、
密栓して一夜放置し、CMPSビーズを充分に膨潤
させる。ペンタエチレンヘキサミン9.30g
(0.040モル)、さらにジオキサン10mlを加えて90
℃で110時間かきまぜた。この間に溶媒が少なく
なつたとき、適宜少量づつ追加した。反応終了
後、反応混合物を濾過し、生成物を熱水、1N塩
酸、1N水酸化ナトリウムで洗い、さらに水で充
分に洗い、最後にメチルアルコールで洗つた。次
にメチルアルコールで3日間抽出精製した後、70
℃で減圧乾燥した。収量2.70g。元素分析値を表
1に示した。 この例におけるジオキサンの代りにベンゼンを
使用した例、反応温度、反応時間を変えた例、及
び反応試薬としてテトラエチレンペンタミン、
PEI(分子量約300〜1800)を用い、溶媒として
ジメチルアセタミド及びこれとの混合溶媒を用い
た例の反応条件、生成物の収量及び元素分析値を
表1に示した。
The present invention relates to nonionic and anionic surfactants, and more specifically to polystyrene adsorbents that are effective in adsorbing and removing nonionic and anionic surfactants present in industrial wastewater and river water. From the viewpoint of preventing environmental pollution, efforts have been made to remove COD and BOD contained in industrial wastewater and river water. As an adsorbent for removing organic compounds that are pollutants present in industrial wastewater and river water,
Activated carbon, porous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, ion exchange resin, etc. are used. However, activated carbon has difficulties in regenerating after adsorbing pollutants, and it is difficult to control the pores of porous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. In addition, ion exchange resins have the disadvantage of being difficult to adsorb organic compounds such as nonionic surfactants, dyes, phenols, and oils. The present inventor has conducted extensive research to develop an adsorbent that has excellent removal effects for nonionic and anionic surfactants, is easy to post-process, and has low manufacturing costs. The present inventors have found that the following compound is suitable for this purpose, and based on this knowledge, they have accomplished the present invention. That is, in the present invention, some of the structural units thereof have the general formula 1. The present invention provides an adsorbent for nonionic and anionic surfactants comprising divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene substituted with units represented by the formula (n is 1 to 45). This adsorbent is produced by chloromethylating divinylbenzene cross-linked polystyrene beads and reacting this with polyethylene polyamine or polyethylene imine, or by reacting it with 2-methyl-2-oxazoline and then hydrolyzing the product. It can be manufactured by Several methods for chloromethylating divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene beads have already been published, and commercially available chloromethylated divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene (hereinafter abbreviated as CMPS) beads can be used as they are. Commercially available CMPS has a chlorine content of 9.3 to 6% by weight,
There are several types with a divinylbenzene content of 2 to 3 mol%. In addition, by chloromethylating commercially available divinylbenzene cross-linked polystyrene beads (divinylbenzene content 2-3 mol%), and depending on the degree of chloromethylation, the chlorine content is approximately 21%.
It is possible to manufacture up to CMPS. Any CMPS can be used to make grade adhesives. Since CMPS beads are insoluble, when reacting them with a reagent, it is difficult to react to the inside of the beads, so it is desirable to use beads as small as possible and to use a solvent that swells the beads as much as possible. polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) using benzene, toluene, dioxane, dimethyl acetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide as solvents.
The suitability of the solvent was examined based on the binding amount of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and other reagents and the elemental analysis values of the product. Benzene and dioxane swell CMPS beads but do not significantly dissolve PEPA and PEI. Immediately after the start of the reaction, CMPS appears to be dispersed by these solvents, but from about one day after the start of the reaction, CMPS, PEPA, and PEI form a soft lump. If heating and stirring are continued, PEPA and PEI seem to react. Dimethylacetamide and dimethylsulfoxide swell CMPS and also dissolve PEPA and PEI well. However, the CMPS swelling capacity of both solvents appears to be lower than that of benzene and dioxane, and PEPA
The reaction amount and product adsorption capacity of PEI and PEI were smaller than those of the reaction products using benzene and dioxane. Toluene was also not a good solvent. Judging from the elemental analysis value and adsorption capacity of the product, dioxane or benzene seems to be suitable as the solvent. Add dioxane or benzene to CMPS, leave it overnight to swell, and add enough PEPA or PEI (3 equivalents or more to the equivalent of chlorine atoms) to react with all the salt atoms present in CMPS. Heat and stir to react. The reaction time varies depending on the temperature, but it takes 8 days at 40-50°C and 5-3 days at 80-100°C. From the elemental analysis of the product whose Weilschütan reaction was negative, all of the chloromethyl groups were found to be PEPA or
It turned out that it did not react with PEI. It appears that some chloromethyl groups were hydrolyzed by the water present in the system. When a sufficiently dehydrated and dried solvent and reaction reagent were used, a trace amount of chlorine was present in the product obtained after 10 days of reaction at 100°C. As PEI's molecular weight increases, it becomes less soluble in solvents, its reactivity decreases, and even if it is reacted for a long time, the amount of reaction is small, and therefore its adsorption capacity for these products is small. Products obtained by reacting PEPA such as tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, and PEI with a relatively small n (n=5 to 14) such as a molecular weight of 250 to 600 showed good adsorption ability. These PEPAs are necessary conditions for good adsorption performance of products.
and to combine as much PEI as possible with CMPS. Another way to introduce PEI into CMPS is as follows. CMPS and 2-methyl-2-oxazoline are placed in a reaction vessel, heated and stirred, and the reaction product is filtered, washed with methanol, and extracted. Furthermore, when this is hydrolyzed with alkaline, CMPS-
A PEI product is obtained. Although the adsorption capacity of this product is good, if the product is not extracted sufficiently, a component (2-methyl-2-
Since the amount of oxazoline and its homopolymer (oxazoline and its homopolymer) is large, sufficient extraction and purification must be performed. Note that the compound before hydrolysis also has the ability to adsorb nonionic surfactants. The adsorbent of the present invention has 66.46 mol% of styrene units,
Divinylbenzene units are 2 mol%, and the total of the units of the above general formula and hydroxymethylstyrene units (estimated to be generated by hydrolysis of chloromethylstyrene units during the reaction) is 31.54 mol%.
It consists of The amount of units in the general formula is shown in Table 1.
It was shown to. Note that chlorine was not present in the products described herein. When using the above products in batches, purified water can be separated from the products by the simplest method of filtration. When using a column method, this product is packed in a column and water containing a nonionic or anionic surfactant is passed through one port of the column, so that the surfactant is removed and no more Purified water can be obtained from one mouth. The product with saturated adsorption of nonionic or anionic surfactant can be prepared by soaking in methyl or ethyl alcohol, or by passing one of these alcohols through a column packed with the product.
The adsorption capacity of the product can be regenerated. This product (adsorbent) is CMPS and PEPA or
or by a simple method of heating and stirring a mixture of PEI and a solvent such as benzene or dioxane.
Since it can be produced by a simple method of mixing CMPS and 2-methyl-2-oxazoline under heating and then hydrolyzing the reactant with alkaline, the production cost is low. Therefore, it can be effectively used to prevent environmental pollution caused by nonionic and anionic surfactants. The product combines an anionic surfactant, such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, with a nonionic surfactant, such as polyethylene glycol mono-p
- Adsorbed faster and more than nonyl phenyl ether. Next, the present invention will be explained in further detail by reference examples and examples. Reference example 1 CMPS (2 mol% divinylbenzene units, 66.46 mol% styrene units, 31.54 mol% chloromethylstyrene units = 2.63 milliequivalents of chloromethyl groups/
g = chlorine content 9.32wt%) 2.00g (contains 0.00526 mole of chloromethyl group), add dioxane 10ml,
Seal tightly and leave overnight to allow the CMPS beads to swell sufficiently. Pentaethylenehexamine 9.30g
(0.040 mol), add 10 ml of dioxane to 90
Stir at ℃ for 110 hours. During this time, when the solvent became low, it was added in small amounts as appropriate. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was filtered, and the product was washed with hot water, 1N hydrochloric acid, 1N sodium hydroxide, thoroughly washed with water, and finally washed with methyl alcohol. Next, after extraction and purification with methyl alcohol for 3 days, 70
It was dried under reduced pressure at ℃. Yield 2.70g. Elemental analysis values are shown in Table 1. An example of using benzene instead of dioxane in this example, an example of changing the reaction temperature and reaction time, and an example of using tetraethylenepentamine as a reaction reagent.
Table 1 shows the reaction conditions, product yield, and elemental analysis values of an example in which PEI (molecular weight approximately 300 to 1800) was used and dimethylacetamide and a mixed solvent thereof were used as the solvent.

【表】【table】

【表】 参考例 2 CMPS2.00gに2―メチル―2―オキサゾリン
(MeOZOと略記)20.0gを加え、一夜放置後100
℃で24時間かきまぜた。反応混合物を放冷後濾別
し、熱水、メチルアルコールで洗浄後、同溶媒で
3日間抽出した。収量3.87g。次に本生成物3.87
gを水酸化ナトリウム6.0gを含む25mlの水中に
加え98℃で50時間かきまぜた。反応物を濾別し、
アルカリ性が消えるまで水洗した後、メチルアル
コールで洗つた。更に同溶媒で3日間抽出した
後、70℃で減圧乾燥した。収量3.38g。生成物の
元素分析値を表2に示した。 反応時間を変えた反応で得た生成物の元素分析
値も表2に示した。
[Table] Reference example 2 Add 20.0 g of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (abbreviated as MeOZO) to 2.00 g of CMPS, leave it overnight, and then
Stir for 24 hours at °C. The reaction mixture was left to cool, then filtered, washed with hot water and methyl alcohol, and extracted with the same solvent for 3 days. Yield: 3.87g. Then this product 3.87
g was added to 25 ml of water containing 6.0 g of sodium hydroxide and stirred at 98°C for 50 hours. Filter the reaction product,
After washing with water until the alkalinity disappeared, it was washed with methyl alcohol. After further extraction with the same solvent for 3 days, it was dried under reduced pressure at 70°C. Yield: 3.38g. Table 2 shows the elemental analysis values of the product. Table 2 also shows the elemental analysis values of the products obtained in the reactions with different reaction times.

【表】 実施例 1 参考例1及び2に記したようにして得た生成物
0.50gを100mlの三角フラスコに採り、非イオン
界面活性剤、ポリエチレングリコールモノ―p―
ノニルフエニルエーテル(NPと略記、n=10)
50ppm及び250ppm水溶液100mlを加えて25℃で
吸着試験を行なつた。静置状態でほぼ吸着平衡に
到達するまで数日を要した。一定時間後のNPの
残留濃度及び吸着量を表3に示した。
[Table] Example 1 Products obtained as described in Reference Examples 1 and 2
Transfer 0.50g to a 100ml Erlenmeyer flask, add nonionic surfactant, polyethylene glycol mono-p-
Nonyl phenyl ether (abbreviated as NP, n=10)
An adsorption test was conducted at 25°C by adding 100ml of 50ppm and 250ppm aqueous solutions. It took several days to almost reach adsorption equilibrium in a stationary state. Table 3 shows the residual concentration and adsorption amount of NP after a certain period of time.

【表】 実施例 2 実施例1と同様な方法でアニオン性界面活性
剤、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム
(DBS)50及び250ppm水溶液からの吸着試験を
行つた。本生成物のDBS吸着速度及び吸着量は
NP吸着のそれらよりも大きかつた。一定時間後
のDBS残留濃度及び吸着量を表4に示した(吸着
試験温度25℃)。
[Table] Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, an adsorption test was conducted on 50 and 250 ppm aqueous solutions of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS). The DBS adsorption rate and adsorption amount of this product are
It was larger than those of NP adsorption. Table 4 shows the DBS residual concentration and adsorption amount after a certain period of time (adsorption test temperature: 25°C).

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 その構成単位の一部が一般式、ビニルベン
ジルアミノポリエチレンポリアミン (式中のnは1〜45である。) 単位によつて置換されたジビニルベンゼン橋かけ
ポリスチレンから成る非イオン性界面活性剤用吸
着剤。
[Claims] 1 Some of its constituent units have the general formula, vinylbenzylaminopolyethylene polyamine (n in the formula is from 1 to 45.) An adsorbent for nonionic surfactants consisting of divinylbenzene cross-linked polystyrene substituted by units.
JP9843184A 1984-05-16 1984-05-16 Adsorbent for nonionic and anionic surfactant Granted JPS60241932A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9843184A JPS60241932A (en) 1984-05-16 1984-05-16 Adsorbent for nonionic and anionic surfactant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9843184A JPS60241932A (en) 1984-05-16 1984-05-16 Adsorbent for nonionic and anionic surfactant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60241932A JPS60241932A (en) 1985-11-30
JPS6251652B2 true JPS6251652B2 (en) 1987-10-30

Family

ID=14219614

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9843184A Granted JPS60241932A (en) 1984-05-16 1984-05-16 Adsorbent for nonionic and anionic surfactant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60241932A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62216641A (en) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd Adsorbent for purifying environment
JP2584499B2 (en) * 1988-09-26 1997-02-26 花王株式会社 Water purifier
US5174938A (en) * 1990-04-28 1992-12-29 Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. Process for producing fuel absorbent
JP4904476B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2012-03-28 日立化成工業株式会社 Surfactant collection and recovery agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60241932A (en) 1985-11-30

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