JPS62502956A - Rotary processing tools and their manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Rotary processing tools and their manufacturing method Background of the invention The present invention relates to pluggable tool devices, especially when they become difficult to cut or become damaged. Circular saws and similar rotary cutting tools that can be easily and quickly replaced Regarding the applied tool device.

Circular saws for cutting wood or other materials are more technically advanced than their appearance suggests. It is a very complex device. Saws usually have gun controls placed in the groove and at intervals around the saw. It consists of a circular metal plate with a central opening provided with teeth. Grooves have teeth when cutting. It has a volume for accumulating and cleaning the resulting chips. A circular saw is an object It is widely used for cutting, and there are various types. A standard circular saw cuts It has alternating teeth designed to remove objects from both the left and right sides of the section to be cut. Ru. Cutting is accomplished only on a small portion of the tooth. Due to this there high stress loads This results in a high degree of wear and tear, which often requires resharpening and/or repair. be. Hard teeth are often used to reduce the associated downtime. child In this case, it is usually not desirable to harden the entire blade as this will result in undesirable brittleness. It's not right. Normally, the saw body, called the saw plate, is considerably affected by the stress loads that occur. Made of strong but fairly soft metal that can withstand severe bending and deflection. It is. In addition, a hammer is used to apply tension, that is, hoop-shaped stress, to the rim of the saw. Rings and peening typically prestress a large portion of the saw.

Today, replaceable teeth are used in circular saws. These teeth are not sawed or cut. This is one answer required for metals with various characteristics used in places where It was. So-called inserts are fixed around the saw blade in various ways. these Teeth are usually made of hardened or hardened steel, but may also be made of sintered carbide. Often used. In addition, the hard teeth are brazed at appropriate positions around the saw. Or it is brazed to the tip of the false tooth. These brazed teeth are Made of carbide. This is because brazing temperature usually reduces the hardness of the steel. be. For insert teeth and brazing, it is common for both teeth to be sharpened after being fixed on a saw board. . In the case of certain constructions that hold the teeth in place, the inserts can be removed from the saw and made into a separate piece. It becomes sharp. However, f'L is not performed unless it is necessary to replace the tooth. . This is because the fixing device is quite complex and may be riveted or semi-permanent. This is because it is fixed at a fixed position.

Examples of well-known insertable teeth related to the present invention include the following US patent specifications: be able to. U.S. Patent No. 2.736.352 (Wright), 2.746, 494 (ICox) and 2,978,000 (Raney). An insertable and replaceable tooth for a chainsaw is disclosed and relates somewhat to the present invention. have in common. The inventors of each of these It uses teeth with attached heads. Also, the shank has been modified terlink plate and frictionally fit into the stopper socket. Wri ght 17) The sawtooth assembly uses round cup-shaped teeth to attach to the chain. The arrangement of edges on the other hand is not fatal. In Cox teeth, the head The rear surface has a prominent tip that ensures proper alignment and rotation. engages the notch of the corresponding socket to prevent R&n6y toothsha The link engages a longitudinal slot formed in the socket to provide a similar function. It has a raised part. Wright can also be used with circular saws and band saws. Other modifications are disclosed. In this variant, the socket holding the tooth is seated A bent piece of metal is formed which is permanently riveted to the tooth plate. It's stopped. The inventor proposed that the teeth be bifurcated to straddle the saw blade. It is noted that it is possible to Also, this inventor discloses a shank having a taper that approaches at . Other for circular saw Insertable teeth are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,994,350 (Lundberg). It is shown. In this patent, the strap is a buttress or a one-tooth roof. is riveted to the outer periphery of one of the sockets to form a socket structure.

The shank portion of the insertable tooth is then press-fitted into the socket where it engages the spring mechanism. more retained. The tooth locks this tooth in place when an actuation stress is encountered. It abuts against the shoulder of the supporting buttress.

Wright and Lun6berg teeth align the axis of the shank with the circumference of the saw. It is used for circular saws when the blade is oriented almost tangentially. Radially inserted teeth are similar to rice National Patent Nos. 579,383 (Goyle) and 912,774 (Aupp erle et al.). In these two specifications, tooth Locking straps are formed around the buttresses of the gullets. child The strump is locked by one or more locking structures on the tooth groove. . Also, this tooth is inserted only in the radial direction along the distal edge of the tooth groove, and is placed here. The strap holds the teeth.

Multiple interlocking elements maintain the integrity of the device. However, teeth are difficult Can be removed 9 radially without opening or potentially damaging the locking strap. I can't do it.

Examples of literature from the past century showing more conventional and semi-permanently inserted teeth , U.S. Pat. No. 207. OO3 (Berry) 2.422,111 (L undberg) and 4,257,302 (Hem1brand) can be mentioned. Another structure of note is that of Tyler U.S. Patent No. No. 14,172 and US Pat. No. 3,633,637 to Kolesh et al. There is.

The Kolesh outside is tightly riveted into a T-slot machined into the circumference of the circular saw board. Discloses an insert consisting of a plurality of teeth that are fastened together. This patent specification guide Rather than refer to literature related to the present invention, this list is intended to represent an example of historical progress. It's worth it.

One of the problems with many known insertable teeth is that during use the teeth do not mate with the outer periphery of the saw plate. It has a tendency to act as a wedge that loosens the Furthermore, as mentioned above However, many of them are difficult to replace and remove rivets or fasteners. I have a problem. Furthermore, if it becomes loose or damaged, it should be There are very few insertable teeth that can withstand the test of being replaceable. common hand The method is to remove the entire saw board, transport it to the filling room, and replace it with a similarly sharpened saw. It is. Replacing saws results in significant losses in production time.

The present invention is embodied by an improved cutting or similar rotary machining tool and its manufacture. It is something that can be done. The present invention further provides novel saw boards, replaceable teeth, and teeth or cutters. This is realized by a clevis-shaped device that attaches the cutting element to the saw board.

The tooth and clevis combination is conveniently referred to as a tooth assembly.

It consists of two parts. The first is an inverted overall U-shaped clevis or is a saddle having an upper part or socket forming part and two side parts or arms. . The sides of the clevis are spaced apart so as to tightly cover the periphery of the sawboard. this" The term "tight" has a broad meaning and means that it can be placed on the sawboard with very little pressure and without undue play. means that it can be placed by hand.

The clevis is dimensioned to extend outwardly from the periphery of the upper clevis. . The space thus created between the upper part and the plate becomes the tooth-retaining socket. . A hole to receive at least one pin for attachment to the side lattice of the clevis. It is given. Side openings and optional mounting bins can be pinned entirely by hand or simply The dimensions are determined so that it can be inserted with a suitable drive tool. In the most preferred embodiment A single bin is used. The clevis was attached to the saw board in conjunction with it. When facing backwards, it is necessary to have a device to prevent the tendency to rotate. this The device can be a second bottle, but is preferably a bottle that presses against the sawboard. reinforcing straps or support means for seeds.

having a head with one cutting edge (usually two) and an elongated tapered shank . The lower saw-board contact surface of the shank is usually flat, and the upper surface is flat against the lower surface. The taper is sufficiently tapered in the rearward direction, forming a self-releasing taper. This theme The angle is greater than 3° and generally ranges from 3° to 20°, preferably about 3°. ~10', and most preferably 5°. This angle is on the bottom and top sides. Measured between the longitudinal centerline.

In other words, the taper from top to bottom is measured relative to the side profile. Ru. The sides of the shank taper together to form a self-locking taper. This is 0 It is in the range of 0 to 2.5 degrees, preferably in the range of 10' to 30'. shank is formed between the top of the clevis and the saw plate so that it is inserted into the socket at the top. It has become. When the tooth is inserted, the clevis moves radially outward against the mounting pin. The assembly is then held rigid until the teeth are removed for resharpening or replacement. is locked.

The tooth assembly can easily be installed on saw boards with or without tooth grooves. Applicable. Usually used for saw boards with tooth grooves. In use in any case The support that prevents rearward rotation of the clevis can be positioned in various positions. 1 In one example, a supplement formed between or across the leading edge of the side of the coolevis. Can be made with strong straps. There it can easily engage the front line of the tooth groove. , or can be fitted into appropriately positioned notches on the periphery of the saw board. . The support can also be formed at a corresponding position on the trailing edge of the side of the clevis; There, it is fitted into a notch formed on the periphery of the saw board. Still others According to a variant, the support (formed across the entire rear edge of the upper part of the clevis Press around the edge of the sawboard. Holds the tooth shank firmly in any position. to prevent the clevis from rotating backwards due to the stress exerted on it during use. This is very important.

A saw board that can be used in the present invention has an opening in the center for receiving the saw arbor; Most types of this have a series of tooth grooves, which are equally spaced circumferentially. The rows are spaced unevenly. The tooth groove is an upright shoulder between the adjacent teeth. form a section. Each shoulder is drilled perpendicular to the tooth plate surface to hold the tooth assembly. Accept the pin you want. In some variations, tooth grooves are not required.

It is an object of the invention to provide a simple and improved insertable tooth for a circular saw. This allows for easy installation and removal using the required simple hand tools.

A further object of the invention is to provide a new method of constructing a circular saw, which 1 (Do not reduce the hoop stress of the saw plate with more tensile force applied.

Another object of the invention is to easily and quickly remove the teeth in the use position without removing the saw. The objective is to provide a circular saw that can be replaced.

Yet another object of the present invention is that when mounted on a saw plate, it is not necessary to sharpen its teeth. The objective is to provide such a circular saw.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a tooth assembly for a hanging circular saw that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. It's about giving your body.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a unique insertable tooth for a circular saw. That is.

A further object of the invention is to provide a simple method for attaching easily replaceable teeth to a saw. A new full-length saw plate for saws providing an effective U-shaped member (C1evis) It is to provide.

Yet another object of the invention is to by providing a saw whose teeth can be sharpened and replaced.

These and many other objects will be made clear to those skilled in the art by the following description and drawings. It will be easily obvious.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 is a partially cut away side view of a circular saw using insert teeth of a known type; Figure 2 is a view along the 2-2 line in Figure 1, and Figures 3 and 4 are views of the inserted tooth. A partially cutaway side view of the mold No. 2, a view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 3, and a key in FIG. 1 shows a tooth assembly according to the invention mounted on a qulleted circular saw; The partially cut away side view, FIG. 6, is an exploded perspective view of a variation of both assemblies of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing the U-shaped member on the saw plate before tooth insertion; Figure 7A is a plan view of the tooth; Figure 8 is a perspective view of the completed assembly; FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of both assemblies installed over the line 9-9 in FIG. Figures 10 and 11 respectively show a modification of the strap-type support that prevents rotation of the U-shaped member. A diagram showing an example of the shape, Figure 12 shows how a damaged saw board can be repaired and reused with both assemblies of the present invention. A diagram showing how Figures 13 to 15 each show three different ways in which the tooth head can be ground. Figure, FIG. 16 is a diagram showing useful shields associated with the teeth when the U-shaped member is extended; FIG. 17 shows a tooth with a recessed surface to facilitate installation; Figures 18-20 are each designed to prevent side passage rotation from exerting forces. Longitudinal views of different variants of toothed shanks, FIG. 21 shows a Llnglleted structure useful in both assemblies of the present invention. ) Figures 22 to 24 show an example of a saw plate, respectively, to prevent rotation of the U-shaped member. Figures 1 and 2 show three variants of the U-shaped member with different saw plates that engage the supports; Figures 25 and 26 each show a U-shape using two pins for attachment to the saw board. Figures 27 and 28 showing different modifications of the member, respectively, show a saw suitable for the present invention. A diagram showing a modification of the plate, FIG. 29 is a diagram showing another example of the U-shaped member and the most preferable form; Figures 30 and 31 respectively show the U-shaped member of Figure 29 with the cut end piece FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how to reduce or prevent being thrown away;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Although the appropriate invention description is for circular saws for wood, the present invention is applicable to other rotary saws. Considered as a broader expression that is expected to find many applications in machining tools It should be done. Therefore, the word "saw" as used herein is merely an exemplary It is a milling machine cutter, planer, hollowing machine 1. shaver etc. shall be construed to include other metals and tools for this processing.

An example of a replaceable type of large cutting saw currently in use is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Shown in Figure 2. A part of the circular saw 2 consists of a circular saw plate 4, and this saw plate 4 has a Notches are cut in the edges to accommodate the insertion teeth 6,8. Each tooth 6,8 It has a cutting element 10.12 soldered on its right or left side.

These teeth 6, 8 are machined with V-shaped grooves 18, 20 on each edge thereof.

These grooves 18,20 engage corresponding ridges machined into the sides of the grooves on the saw plate.

14.16 is because teeth 6 and 8 fly off due to the centrifugal force generated during operation. To prevent this, the teeth 6, 8 are supported in a predetermined position. need rivets According to this, it has a semi-permanent mold structure, and the teeth need to be sharpened in order to sharpen it. is not normally removed. These teeth 6, 8 are also inserted into the tensile outer boundary of the saw plate. This is an excellent example of a mold that functions as a wedge. Teeth 6 and 8 are installed Tokiripet 14.16 is machined to counteract the tensile force by peening it. This tends to create additional compressive forces that can be applied to this part of the saw board. This happened before. During the useful life of the saw, the rivet) 14.16 It is often necessary to tighten and retighten. This is because during its use, the arrow in Figure 2 This is because the force that tends to twist the teeth 6 and 8 in the direction shown by the mark causes the squeeze 6°8 to loosen. It is.

The insertable tooth structure described above is a large notch saw, typically 1.5 to 1.8 in diameter. Usually used for saws of m. One simple insertion tooth that has been applied to small circular saws The configuration is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The circular saw 22 has a saw plate 24. However, this plate is provided with tooth grooves 25 provided at equal intervals around its circumference, and Thus, a standing shoulder 26 is disposed between these grooves. Each groove is ahead It has an edge 28 and a trailing edge 30. A cup-shaped tooth 32 with a threaded shank 34 It is held at the outer end of the scrap 26 by a retaining nut 36. This structure is simple in its preferred for ease of maintenance and without straining the saw plate. deer The hole that must be drilled at the end of the shoulder can be easily destroyed with the desired precision. It's difficult to form in 5's.

The structure shown in FIG. 5 is one embodiment of the present invention. The large circular notch saw 40 is a saw It has a plate 42 around which tooth grooves 44 are formed.

These grooves have leading edges 45 and trailing edges 46. Debris 47 is adjacent around the saw plate Each shoulder is located between the grooves and has a peak formed from the original periphery of the saw plate. It has a surface 48. A tooth assembly 50 is mounted adjacent the leading edge of each scrap. Ru. The tooth assembly includes a U-shaped member 52 and an insert tooth 54. This ashen The bridle is attached to the saw plate by a pin 56. Formed integrally with U-shaped member A support strap 58 engages the leading edge of the groove and resists the stresses introduced during operation. This prevents the U-shaped member from rotating backwards.

The structure of this new tooth assembly and its installation on a circular saw are shown in Figures 6 to 8. It can be better understood if you look at it. Each U-shaped member has two symmetrical sides or arms. 60, which have a leading edge 62 and an upper socket-forming portion 64. ~ side The inner surfaces of the surface portions 60 are substantially flat and parallel to each other. These side sections are near the periphery of the saw plate within an angle defined by the circumferential edge of the tooth groove and the leading edge of the tooth groove. an aperture 57 provided to correspond to a corresponding aperture 59 positioned at Ru. These openings are aligned to receive pins 56, which are attached to the saw plate. A U-shaped member is attached to the scrap. The side parts of the U-shaped member are unduly loose. so that it slides easily from the saw plate by hand force without tilting or tilting. It has such dimensions. Similar tolerances apply to the bins 56 and corresponding openings 57,59. Applicable.

The bottle can be easily inserted by hand or with one or two light hammer taps. engineering Attaching the U-shaped member to the saw plate without tools is an important feature of the invention. one of.

The U-member is preferably made of a solid, high strength steel casting. 40-450 Tsukwell hard 4130 or 4140 type steel heat treated is very satisfactory. was proved i''. This can be varied depending on the specific shape pressure of the U-shaped member, but The trap is typically approximately 150-300% thicker than the sidewalls. Acts on U-shaped member A large percentage of the dynamic loads involved are supported by the support straps. child Without the strap, the U-member would rotate slightly backwards during use. or, The teeth will lift up and damage the saw.

The bin used to attach the U-piece to the saw plate is preferably made of relatively soft material. consists of fees. Typically, such materials have a thickness of about 1. IQMP & below: 38 or less It has a tensile strength of Rockwell hardness. Both ends of the pin (beveled and easily It is designed so that it does not protrude unnecessarily from the U-shaped member so that it does not fall out and get in the way. . There are two reasons why soft bottle materials are preferred.

Pin splitting occurs on the saw plate when large stresses are applied to the tooth assembly. The goal is to prevent damage. In addition, the soft pins can It is possible to absorb slight dimensional errors.

The bottle is located on the clevis side and inside the tooth plate, and the tooth part where the shank 66 is inserted. The upper part 64 of the clevis borders the tooth plate so as to form a socket 65 that holds the It stands out beyond. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the teeth have a head 54 and a head 54, respectively. and a shank portion 66. At the last stage of the part, the tooth shank 66 is lightly inserted into the socket 65. Posterior small with shank poopa a projection against the clevis such that the lower end of hole 57 holds pin 56 tightly. act as an edge that applies a force directed outward in the radial direction. This keeps the parts strong. By holding the tooth, you can pull it out while the tooth is positioned at the above position. If you try to do so, the pin will usually slip. This operating force causes the teeth to move into the socket. It is clear that it is held tightly. The teeth become dull due to use, Or if damaged, these can be used with a hammer or punch. Therefore, it can be easily removed by applying force to the rear of the shank. Ma If necessary, the radial force on the bottle can be relieved and the clevis can be removed at the same time. It can be removed.

This 60 tooth cutting with a diameter of 1.5 m requires removal of the saw from its operating position. It is known from experience that it can be replaced in about 6 minutes without any additional time.

The head of each tooth typically has a pointed lateral edge 70° 72 and a transverse edge 7 4 and a flat portion 76. For example, in the tooth part that cuts the right side shown in Figure 6, In this case, the cutting force is applied near the junction of the lateral edge 70 and the transverse edge 74. More and more will be added. During use, it is this corner that gets wet.

If the upper part 64 of the clevis is formed in an arc shape that matches the teeth and shank 66, It's convenient if you have one. It is desirable that the upper part of this arc forms part of a circle. stomach. This arc shape prevents the teeth from rotating or loosening, ensuring that the cut remains properly aligned. hold it in the correct position. As is clear from Figure 7, the upper part of the clevis is directed rearward. Once the slope was gently raised, this slope angle is usually about It is 5°. The top surface of the tooth shank is slightly larger in order to tightly connect the It is highly sloping. Both sides of the tooth shank are inclined backwards, and this angle of inclination is The smaller the value, the better, and as shown in FIG. 7A, it is preferably about 0 to 0.

The longitudinal centerline along the inner surface of the top of the clevis along with the sides of the lead edge is approximately 8. It is sharpened between 0° and 87°. This angle is the remainder of the inclination angle of the tooth shank. It is approximately equal to the angle.

The inner surface of the presser strap, together with the side edges, is formed at an angle of 10°, preferably 5°. It is better to make it stand out. In the example, the clevises each have an angle of 5°. Can be used with any slotted saw with a hook. presser foot The angle between the inner surface of the strap and the longitudinal center line of the top of the clevis is 90°. It is convenient to be.

an inclination formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the tooth shank, and corresponding to this inclination The slope of the upper part of the clevis induces a cutting operation below the clevis in the initial stage. Ru. This angle of inclination is greater than the so-called self-releasing range, i.e. 3°, which is desirable. Should be between 3° and 10°, most preferably 5°. Teeth Both sides of the shank are smaller than the self-locking angle of inclination to prevent sudden loss of tilted at an angle. This ranges from oo to 2,5°, preferably from 10' The angle is 30'. Parts joined at this angle of inclination are held together by frictional forces. It will not come apart unless you turn the part or drive a wedge into it. Sha A Morse bevel, i.e. a large drill bit, used in a drill bit, e.g. It is a self-locking slope.

The angles on both sides of the clevis socket must be strictly consistent with the angles on both sides of the tooth shank. It does not have to be formed to match.

Even if both sides of the socket are parallel, i.e. not slanted, they are usually , fully extended to match the tooth shank. However, This does not necessarily apply to the top surface of the shank as there is no

As mentioned above, the shank angle should essentially match the clevis angle. be.

The clevis itself can be configured in many ways to resist backward rotation. . Three of them are shown in Figures 9-11. In Figure 9, the buttress strut Cup 58 is welded between the sides or arms 60 of the clevis. similar structure is shown in FIG. However, in this N, the buttress portion 58' is at the clevis. It extends over the entire length of the side tip edge 62. This type of structure is suitable for cutting debris removal. and also prevent debris from moving backwards along the sides of the clevis and teeth. It is useful to help you understand the situation. The buttress strap is integrally formed with the clevis. It does not necessarily have to be welded as long as possible. Figure 11 shows another structure, in which The buttress strap 58″ is shaped with a pair of ears bent inward from the end of the clevis. has been completed. The clevis can be stamped, machined or invested) It can be made by any of a number of known methods, including However, this is a preferable method.

Often after long-term use, stress cracks develop at the leading edge 45 of the shoulder 47 of the saw blade.

These things don't happen often, but when they do, the crack passes through the hole 59. is expansive. In the conventionally used expandable insert tooth structure, such a rack was beyond repair and the entire sawboard had to be scrapped. In this invention, it is Not necessary. As shown in Figure 12, the stress crack through hole 59 has developed. . In this case, the gullet may be ground and retracted so that the leading edge is at the 45' position. Only that is necessary. Then punch a hole in the appropriate position for the new mounting hole 59'. Or drill holes. This processing is practically unthinkable for teeth and can therefore be ignored. This creates a small imbalance. Tooth tension is usually treated with this type of repair. It doesn't affect me.

As previously mentioned, a big advantage of the new tooth assembly is that the teeth are removed from the saw for sharpening. It can be easily removed. This limits the grinding equipment available for tooth polishing. Its limitations open up many new possibilities not available to malleable circular saws. these The many limitations of the machine must somehow be accommodated when the teeth are on the saw plate. This occurred as a result of interference. These limitations are limited when the teeth can be ground individually. not exist. Examples of these are shown in Figures 13-15. In Figure 13, The teeth shown are the same as those in FIG. 6 described above. In this case, the surface portion 74 is essentially It is flat. This was the usual method when teeth were ground. But now As shown in Figure 14, hollow grinding is possible, and in this tile, the surface area 78 between the side edges 70 and 72 is rounded. Highly polished. It is also quite practical to make double-cut teeth as shown in Figure 15. In this case, the side edges 70, 82 both serve a cutting function, and the surface between them Region 80 is polished round to the appropriate curvature. If hollow ground, tooth surface yes It can also be mechanically ground to any real shape, as shown in Figure 14.15. Not limited to cylindrical surfaces. (For some application examples, the teeth used in Figures 3 and 4) Spherical grinding similar to that is preferred.

A great advantage of the present invention is that the intentional creation of stresses in the saw blade, commonly referred to as tension, It should not be affected during polishing or re-dentition. This reduces reconditioning costs. Extend the saw life a little and save a lot of highly skilled labor for maintenance. Reduce or eliminate completely.

In normal installation, the tooth crests 54 should not contact the clevis. If long-term use After the clevis has widened slightly, check the shape formed between the top of the clevis and the saw edge. shims to ensure a tight fit of the tooth shank in the socket. It would be necessary to use . Preferably, the shim displaces the teeth radially outward. Therefore, it should not be placed adjacent to the edge of the saw board. This is because the tip of a tooth is a cut of another tooth (cutti). This is undesirable because it causes the sharpness to rise and accelerate the deterioration of sharpness. Not. A shim of the type shown in FIG. 16 is preferred. In this ~, shim 88 is the tooth It has an arcuate portion 90 that slides onto the top surface of the shank. The arc part is the rear surface of the shank. The shim can be formed integrally with the engaging rear part 92 so that the teeth are inserted under the clevis. It can be easily carried inside the socket when it is installed.

A saw sharpener who manufactures or maintains a saw using the blade assembly of the present invention shall To prevent damage when inserted into the tooth, soft metal is usually placed against the tooth surface. Use by guessing blocks.

The angled surface of the tooth (d, during this operation, creates some difficulty, resulting in , the light blow from the hammer is not directed axially along the handle. This problem is the first As shown in FIG. ,obtain. This depression is located along the protrusion of the longitudinal axis of the handle. This results in This indentation prevents sliding across the tooth surface when the hammer blow is applied. By giving a light blow, the tooth can be easily inserted Both assemblies used with the present invention can be made of many materials.

In a preferred form, it is made by investment casting using hard tool steel. child These types of teeth are as durable as those made of cemented carbide, but Much cheaper and easier to sharpen without using diamond tools . Very satisfactory teeth are manufactured from type S-7 tool steel with a hardness of 440 C. Ta.

Saw teeth with left and right hand cutters are subject to twisting forces during cutting. An example If we look at the saw shown in Figure 2 as When this happens, the teeth 10 tend to receive a force that tends to rotate them counterclockwise. these The stress is transferred to the main tooth body 6.8, which can be seen by high-speed photography as the tooth is being cut. was observed to actually twist a little. This twist is caused by the saw blade located between the teeth. 4 in the opposite direction of deflection in the adjacent section 19.21, tearing along the edge of the saw ( cause such behavior. In the special saw shown in Figure 1, this is a 14° This results in a torsional action that loosens the rivets 14 and 16, and as a result the rivets 14 and 16 are often tightened. It has to be fixed. Similar stresses (for bows and saws using both assemblies of the present invention) As a result, the tooth on the right hand end in Figure 5 is affected by the clockwise force of the tooth on the left. When receiving, it is easy to receive rotational force in the counterclockwise direction. This is my experience so far It shows that it is not. However, the additional ability to resist these forces may be important in certain applications. The structure that resists rotational force is shown in Figure 18-20. has been done. The teeth in FIG. 18 have been described above. The saw plate contacting surface of the tooth handle 66 is essentially flat. be.

In the embodiment of FIG. 19, the saw plate 45 has a V-groove 98 machined in its periphery. this engages a corresponding V-shaped ridge 100 on the saw plate contacting surface of the tooth handle. Second In the other embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is set up. These are inserted so that the teeth effectively resist any rotational forces. When cut, it simply bites into the edge of the saw board. However, the experience to date is that rotation It has been shown that these additional criteria are usually unnecessary.

The experience has been applied to new and used saws of the type shown in Figures 4 and 5, with torsional forces Determine the deflection of the teeth when acting. There is a slight difference in the deflection of the saw of the present invention before and after use. There is a difference. A saw of the type shown in FIG. In comparison, it has a deflection that is about 65 times larger. As a result, the rivets are slightly removed after use. The lateral deflection of a saw of the type shown in Figure 1 with a slack and twist crab is approximately 380% greater.

In all the examples described so far, both new assemblies are fitted with a grooved saw (claw saw). The one used is shown. Gullets are often not necessary. Special This is especially the case when the feed rate is low and the amount of sawdust is not very large. 21st ~ Figure 24 shows various examples of both novel assemblies useful in saws without grooves. There is. 21 and 22, the saw board 110 has an edge notch 112 and a clevis. A hole 114 is punched at a location corresponding to the hole on the side surface. This is it Both assemblies described in are extremely satisfactory for use on this type of saw. . The buttress band 58 attached to the leading edge of the clevis is firmly engaged with the notch 112. The clevis assembly is effectively locked from rotating backwards. Shown in Figure 23 Structure is equally valid. In this case, the clevis 152 has a leading edge 162 and a trailing edge 16. 3 and a side or arm portion 160 having an upper portion 164. Buttress band 5 8 is formed integrally with the rear edge and engages with a notch 112 formed on the peripheral edge of the saw board. .

Another example is shown in FIG. The clevis 172 is connected to the leading edge 16 as in the previous example. 2, an arm having a trailing edge 163 and an upper portion 164; However, the battle The strip 178 is not located on the arm, but runs across the rear end of the upper portion 164, and is located at the saw plate edge. 116 to prevent backward rotation of the clevis assembly.

When attaching both assemblies to the sawboard, it is preferable to use a single pin, but if In some cases, a large number of pins may be used. Examples of this type of structure are shown in Figures 25 and 25. This is shown in Figure 26.

In the example of FIG. 25, a grooved saw board 180 having a leading edge 182 is used. . Clevis 184 has an arm 186 and a hole for receiving an option. Similarly, In FIG. 26, saw board 200 is provided with a groove having a leading edge 202 and pins 210, 2. 12 has a clevis 204 with an arm 206 having a hole for receiving 12. child The clevis optionally includes an anti-rotation buttress 208.

The buttress bands 188, 208fl in the two examples above are not essential. second pi Since the clevis effectively prevents rotation of the clevis, it can be omitted to simplify the structure. Can be done.

Figures 27 and 28 show further alternative sawboards. Usually the saw is on one side It is designed so that it can rotate only in one direction.

In this example, grooves 224 in saw board 220 are formed to create shoulders 222. Ru. Shoulder 222 is punched or drilled to form holes 226 and 228 for clevis mounting. and these holes are radially equidistant from the center of the sawboard. Mizo 224 Hano There is no need for symmetry with respect to the radius of the plate. Asymmetrical grooves allow you to , it becomes possible to have various hook angles at the leading edge of the groove. This configuration It is also useful if the leading edge of the blade is damaged.

FIG. 28 shows an example in which a bent slot is used to attach a clevis. groove 234 is formed on the saw board 230, producing debris 232. Slots) 236id It is formed at the rear edge of shoulder 232. These slots are bent upwards to form pin retention holes. 238 is formed. This shape allows the pin to be formed integrally with the clevis. becomes possible.

FIG. 29 shows a preferred clevis shape. Clevis 240 is an arch The upper part of the shape, or socket part 242, has a mirror-image arm, or socket part 242. , bridges the upper part of the side member 244. A hole 246 is provided in this side member. , Pin the clevis to the saw board, and secure the upper socket forming part far enough from the side edge of the saw board. The teeth protrude into the shank and form a retaining socket. The reinforcing buttress band 248 is on the side Bridging the leading edge of the part. In some cases, the band 248 is extended to the bottom of the leading edge of the side section. It is desirable to extend it. The buttress band formed in this way holds the teeth together. When removing it for repair or replacement, do not lower it forward or tilt it so that it may get caught. There is little direction.

The socket forming portion 242 of the leading edge is left uncovered and the toothed A blank shank can be inserted. Strap 248 on the leading edge of the side Chamfered along adjacent portions, corner edges 250, 252 and outer surface 253 Creating is the most desirable thing. The plane 253 is greater than the distance between the arm portions 244. It should not be wide; it should be narrower. Chamfers 250 and 252 are at the center If the lines cross each other, a completely uniform structure can be considered on the outer surface. this The reason why chamfering is desirable will become clear in connection with the explanation of Figures 30 and 31. It will be done. Further, it is desirable that the lower end of the side surface portion be similarly chamfered. This chamfer is , 254 around the trailing edge of the side and socket shape. Continuing across the main part.

A suitable chamfer angle is 30° on the sides, but this is not critical .

The chamfer of the reinforcing strap is conveniently placed on the protruding leading edge of the side part. Form a starting point along the line. The chamfering of the lower edge and leading edge of the side part is normal. The passageway extends across the entire thickness of the sidewall. A boundary chamfer is simply a sharp edge here. Not used to indicate removal. The chamfered area is the part of the wall where it was applied. It has a surface that is larger in width than in thickness. The width of the roughly chamfered surface is determined by approximately 1.4 to 2 times the thickness of the exposed wall section.

Figures 30 and 31 show why chamfered edges are important. The present invention Often used for sawing large diameters. Many of these have a diameter of 1.5 to 1.8 mm. This is a cutting saw or a larger pruning saw. they are square Often used on the ends of logs that have been hewn. This is often referred to as 5 This frequently involves removing a length of 10 crn.

Detachment saws are usually designed to advance through a cut and be retracted through the same cut. It will be installed in the sea urchin. Sometimes a cut-off end, or lily pad (1ily p2Ld ; often called lily pads) fall against the retraction of the saw blade. . The edge of the end piece slides into the saw and falls into the gullet. If it falls, it will be thrown with great force. This condition is clearly caused by nearby works. poses a major safety hazard to contractors. FIG. 30 shows that the notched end piece 264 is 26 shows the saw blade 260 falling into the serrations 262. The end piece is roller 2 66. The roller 266 serves as a fulcrum to force the end piece to fall. Can be used. Serious saw blade damage can occur when the cutting edge is pinched in this way. This is a further disadvantage that often arises. Saw 270 (third 1), a clevis 274 having at least a chamfered leading edge 276 is formed. The piece 264 falling into the groove 276 is directed away from the spinning saw. It will be done. In the worst case, this piece 264 could fall onto its side; It will not fall down too hard and the saw will be prevented from being damaged.

Engraving (no change in content 1) Engraving (no changes to the content) Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 37 Procedural amendment (formality) display of earth incident MitenpD-Two-piece party bi-squid button gone He who makes corrections. Relationship to the incident: Applicant address 5. Date of amendment order: March 2nd, 1925 (shipment date) 7. Contents of amendment international search report ANNEX To TH3 INTER) IATION L S3 AP, CHR Three PORTs ON

Claims (55)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of spaced apart interchangeable stubs characterized by consisting of the following components: - Rotary processing tool with element assembly: a. adjacent to and adjacent to the distal edge of the tool body. It is made up of a plurality of bottle receiving holes spaced apart around a concentric circle inside. The tool body is shaped like a disc; b. A cutter that is pinned to the tool body at each receiving hole and can be further inserted. an element and a clevis means for retaining the cutter element in the tool body; cutter element assembly; Each of the clevis means has an inverted U-shaped cross section, and the end of the tool body has an inverted U-shaped cross section. An upper part that overhangs the edge, and two separated sides that fit into the peripheral edge of the tool body. section, and prevents backward rotation of the cutter element assembly when stress is applied. comprising anti-rotation buttress means acting against the tool body to thing, A hole is formed in the side part of the clevis means along the common axis, and it is attached to the tool body. receiving side bin means for The upper portion of the clevis means engages the periphery of the tool body and substantially extends the periphery of the tool body. defining a tangentially oriented tapered cutter element retaining socket; a head portion having at least one cutting edge and a lower tool body distal contact surface and sides; an elongated tapered shank portion having a contact surface and an upper clevis means; In the cutter element, the cutter element has the tapered shank portion. is inserted into the above cutter element retaining socket to connect the upper portion of the above clevis means and The clevis means is tightened between the peripheral edge of the tool body and the clevis means is tightened between the clevis means and the peripheral edge of the tool body. the assembly is fixed radially outwardly relative to the tooling means; To be made in such a way that it is fixed to the 2. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool body has a leading edge and a trailing edge. said cutter comprising a series of circumferential gullets defining an upright shoulder having a The clevis means of the tar element assembly is mounted astride the distal edge of the shoulder. Further, the rotation prevention means of the clevis means is arranged at a side portion of the clevis means. consisting of a strut across the leading edge of the section, said strut crossing the trailing edge of said shoulder. The above-mentioned rotary processing tool is characterized by being in contact with. 3. The rotary processing tool according to claim 2, wherein the strut of the buttress means The clevis comprises substantially the entire length of the leading edge of the side portion of the clevis means. The above rotary processing tool. 4. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool body has an edge notch. Furthermore, the rotation prevention means of the clevis means engages with the notch of the tool body. a strut across the leading or trailing edge of the side portion of said clevis means for The above-mentioned rotary processing tool is characterized by comprising: 5. In the rotary machining tool according to claim 4, the tool body is provided with hook teeth. In addition, the volume between the cutter elements acts as a hook. The above-mentioned rotary processing tool is characterized by comprising: 6. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the rotation prevention of the clevis means the stop means comprises a strut defined across the rear edge of the upper portion; The strut is in contact with a peripheral edge of the tool body. Rotary processing tools. 7. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the clevis means The part has a slope shape from front to back and is between the upper part and the periphery of the tool body. A tapered cutter element retaining socket is defined in the cutter element. Rolling tool. 8. The rotary processing tool according to claim 7, wherein the upper portion of the clevis is The cross section is arcuate, thereby forming an arcuate socket. The above rotary machining tools. 9. The rotary processing tool according to claim 8, wherein the shaft of the cutter element is wherein the locking portion has a cross section that is aligned with the retaining socket. Rotary machining tool. 10. The rotary processing tool according to claim 7, wherein the tool body contact surface and the The taper angle between the cutter element shank and the above upper clevis contact surface is It is characterized by being approximately equal to or slightly larger than the taper angle of the butt. The above rotary processing tools. 11. The rotary processing tool according to claim 7, wherein the cutter element shank is The clevis means contacting side surfaces are arranged at an angle in the range of about 0°-2.5° when viewed from above. The rotary processing tool described above is characterized in that it has a self-locking taper. 12. The cutter element shank has an angle of about 3 degrees to 20 degrees when viewed from the side. 8. The rotary machining tool of claim 7, having a self-releasing taper. 13. The head of the insertable cutter element means has an essentially flat shape. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, having a surface. 14. The head of the insertable cutter element means has a lateral edge which performs the cutting function. Claim 1, which has a surface that is a hollow ground having only one Rotary machining tools included. 15. The head of the insertable cutter element means has a lateral edge which performs the cutting function. The circuit according to claim 1, having a surface that is a hollow ground having both sides. Rolling tool. 16. The head surface of the cutter element assembly is the protruding longitudinal axis of the shank part. a recessed depression located substantially above the support region; area to help drive the cutter element into the tapered tooth retaining socket. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the rotary processing tool is 17. Works with the shank to resist sideways rotation when subjected to actuation forces Claim 1, wherein the cutter element further comprises locking means for The rotary processing tool described. 18. The locking means connects the shank portion of the cutter element means to the tool body. It has an approximately V-shaped longitudinal peak on the contact surface, and the peak is located on the tool body. as claimed in claim 17, engaging a corresponding groove formed in the peripheral edge. Rotary processing tools. 19. The locking means connects the shank portion of the cutter element means to the tool body. Claim 17, comprising a series of longitudinal serrations on the tactile surface. rotary machining tools. 20. The rotary processing tool according to claim 1, which is a saw. 21. The rotary processing machine according to claim 1, which is a cutter for a milling machine. Ingredients. 22. a. a generally disc-shaped tool body, concentrically adjacent to the peripheral edge of the tool body; spaced apart from each other around the positioned circle and lying within the peripheral edge. providing an aperture for receiving a bottle at a plurality of locations positioned in a manner; b. Almost the opposite Bin the U-shaped clevis means around the tool body at each opening. Possibly multiple cutter element retaining sockets around the peripheral edges of the tool body. each clevis means has a base extending outwardly from the periphery of the tool body. A taper is provided in the tangential direction between the upper part of the clevis and the peripheral edge of the tool body. defining a cutter element retaining socket; c. The clevis means is supported by the tool body to clevis when the tool is subjected to operating stress. Reliably prevents the screw means from rotating backwards, d. Interchangeable cutter element with head and elongated tapered shank section Establishment of a e. Place the tapered shank portion of the cutter element means on each cutter element. wedge into the element retaining socket, thereby attaching the clevis means to the screw. until the cutter element means is sharpened. or lock the assembly firmly until it is replaced. Manufacturing method for rotary processing tools. 23. Cutting grooves are provided at angular intervals around the tool body to form an upright shoulder. process and the tool book within the angle defined between the leading edge of each shoulder and the circumferential edge of the tool body. A bin receiving opening is formed through the body, with clevis means and cutters at the leading edge of each shoulder. and positioning the element means according to claim 22. the method of. 24. Retaining means are set along the leading edge of the clevis means, and these restraining means are connected to each of the above. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the blade is brought into contact with the blade groove. 25. The process of forming a notch at an angle around the tool body and engaging the notch. and setting the restraining means on the clevis means in such a manner as to The method according to scope item 22. 26. A restraining means is set on the trailing edge of the upper part of the clevis means, and the restraining means is the tool body. 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the periphery of the 27. 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the rotary processing tool is a saw. 28. Claim 22, wherein the rotary processing tool is a cutter of a milling device. The method described in. 29. In cutter elements that can be inserted into rotary processing tools, a head portion having at least one cutting edge and a holding means for the rotary machining tool; A shank part that extends backward from the head part so that it can be inserted, and is and a shank portion having a side surface and an upper surface, and the lower surface is flat. , The above upper surface is not tapered sufficiently backwards with respect to the lower surface when viewed from the side. The two sides form a self-releasing taper, and the side surfaces are mutually directed rearward when viewed in a plane. A rotary machine that is previously tapered and is characterized by forming a self-locking taber. A cutter element that can be inserted into a tool. 30. Claim 29 wherein the self-release taber is approximately 3 to 20 degrees. The cutter element described in . 31. The cap according to claim 30, wherein the self-release taber is approximately 5 degrees. Tutar element. 32. Claim 29 wherein the self-locking taber is approximately 0 to 2.5 degrees. The cutter element described in section. 33. Claims in which the self-locking taber is at an angle of about 10 to 30 minutes The cutter element according to item 32. 34. The cross section of the above shank part has an arch shape with the upper surface shaped as part of a circle. A cutter element according to claim 29. 35. The end of the shank part away from the head part is connected to the cutter element. The edges are rounded to avoid damaging the retaining means when inserted and set. The cutter element according to claim 34. 36. A patent claim in which the head portion of the cutter element has a flat surface. The cutter element according to item 29. 37. The head of the insertable carter element means has only one lateral surface which performs the cutting function. Claims having a surface that is a hollow ground with opposite edges 29. The insertable cutter element of claim 29. 38. The head of the insertable cutter element means both lateral Claim 29 having a surface which is a hollow ground with an edge. Insertable cutter element. 39. The face of the head of the cutter element assembly is on the protruding longitudinal axis of the shank. The cutter element has a small recess drilled into it, which recess holds the cutter element with a tapered tooth. Claim 29 which acts as a support surface to help drive it into the socket. Insertable cutter element as described. 40. The cutter element is sheared to resist lateral rotation when subjected to an applied force. Claim 29 further comprising fixing means cooperating with the link part. insertable cutter element. 41. a tool body in which the fixing means contacts the surface of the shank portion of the cutter element means; a generally V-shaped vertical ridge on the top, said ridge into which the cutter element means is inserted; Claim No. Insertable cutter element according to clause 40. 42. a tool body in which the fixing means contacts the surface of the shank portion of the carter element means; Consisting of a series of vertical serrations on the top, when the cutter element means is inserted, the front The insert according to claim 40, wherein the serrations bite into the outer peripheral edge of the tool body. cutter element that can be inserted. 43. The cutter element is attached to a roughly circular or disc-shaped tool body. The claimed invention is further coupled with a clevis to form a cutter element assembly. A cutter element according to scope 29, wherein each U-link means is approximately in cross section. It has an inverted U-shape, with an upper part that extends beyond the outer circumference of the tool body, and a periphery of the tool body. Two spaced side portions that fit snugly over the edges and while subjected to service stresses. A control that acts against the tool body to prevent backward rotation of the cutter element assembly. and an activated anti-rotation support, the side portion of said U-link means being connected to the tool body. Drill holes along a common axis to accept lateral bin means for mounting and the upper portion of the U-link means is aligned with and against the peripheral edge of the tool body. A tape for receiving the shank portion of the cutter element, which is oriented almost tangentially. The cutter element means a barred cutter element which functions to form a retaining socket. Basic. 44. A U-link that attaches the cutter material that can be removed to the generally circular tool body. The cutter material has a head portion having at least one cutting edge, and a head portion having at least one cutting edge, and The tool body is spaced apart and has a shank extending around the circumference. a cutout or cutout in the direction and a marginally adjacent cutout for attachment to the clevis. a. It will sit firmly on the circumferential edge of the tool body. has two mirror image side parts spaced apart from each other, the side parts being an upper end and a lower end. , having a tip and a tail, both side parts opening transversely along a common axis. side which is adapted to accommodate a bin for attachment to the tool body. a. an inverted, generally U-shaped cross section connecting the upper ends of said side parts; a transverse upper member having a longitudinal longitudinal direction on its inner surface so as to form a structure; The centerline forms an angle between about 70° and 90° with the protruding tips of said side portions. The upper member and the upper part of the side part limit the upper part of the U-link. Hold the shank of the cutter material to form three sides of the socket. an upper member adapted to Partially connect the tips of the lateral parts. It is a reinforcing support strip that is attached to the cutter by keeping the upper ends of the side parts unconnected. The ends of the support strips adjacent to the sides so as to form the entrances of the material holding sockets. but not exceeding the width of the separation between the lateral parts, to create an external surface area of the support strip. The hole on the side is the socket that defines the upper part of the U-link. so that it extends beyond the periphery of the tool body and that the periphery edge of the tool body is in the holding socket. positioned to form the fourth side of the cutter and receive the shank of the cutter material. and the support strips are arranged against notches or incisions in the periphery of the tool body. U-links designed to provide support and provide low resistance to backward rotation during tool use. . 45. In the U-link according to claim 44, the chamfer of the support strip is A U-link that starts along the tip of the section. 46. In the U-link according to claim 44, the lower end of the side portion is chamfered. U-link. 47. In the U-link according to claim 45, the chamfering at the tip increases the thickness of the side wall. A U-link that extends throughout Minoho. 48. In the U-link according to claim 46, the tip and the lower end chamfered portion are A U-link that extends almost the entire thickness of the side wall. 49. In the U-link according to claim 44, the chamfer is formed on the outer surface of the side part. A U-link formed at an angle of approximately 30° with respect to the plane. 50. In the U-link according to claim 44, the reinforcing support strip has an average The U-link is approximately 150% to 300% of the side wall thickness. 51. In the U-link according to claim 44, the reinforcing support strip is attached to the side wall. U having an inner surface that is a plane at an angle of up to 10° to the tip Link. 52. In the U-link according to claim 51, the angle of the inner surface is approximately 5°. A U-link. 53. In the U-link according to claim 44, the strip of the support means A U-link that extends substantially the entire length of the tip of the side part of the link. 54. In the U-link according to claim 44, the upper part of the U-link is A U-link that slopes from the rear. 55. The U-link according to claim 44, wherein the upper member of the U-link comprises: The socket-limiting part is combined with the adjacent part of the side member to form an arch shape with an inverted cross section. A clevis with a contoured inner surface.