JPS62501091A - Equipment for crushing cuttable materials such as stones, rocks, concrete, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] such as stone, rock, concrete etc. Equipment for crushing materials that can be cut open The invention relates to a device for crushing cuttable materials such as stones, rocks, concrete, etc. It is something to do.

Crushing or cutting through cutable materials such as stones, rocks, concrete, etc. the extent to which a hole is made in the material and the material around this hole breaks or fractures This can be done by enlarging the hole. Expanding the hole is done by detonating an explosive introduced into the hole. This can be done by emitting. However, this is a great safety is a method of limited application requiring the above precautions and specially trained personnel. Ru. For this reason, the hole expansion necessary to fragment the material can be done by means other than detonating explosives. Methods have been developed to fracture materials that can be cut open by .

During curing, the material around the hole is crushed to the extent that the material around the hole is crushed. It is conventionally known to inject a cement solution that expands under such pressure into the hole. It is. In this case, the substantial disadvantages are the high cost of cement and the It takes about 24 hours for crushing.

Additionally, crushing can be achieved by sealing the opening of the hole and supplying water under high pressure into the hole. It is also known in the art to carry out the expansion of the hole necessary to connect it. This method is multiple requires expensive equipment and also forms an absolutely dense hole before supplying water, and Difficulties are encountered as cracks in the wall of the hole have to be sealed before being led to fracture. It is possible.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a The hole can be easily, quickly and inexpensively enlarged to such an extent that the material around the hole is fractured. Equipment for crushing materials that can be cut open, such as large stones, rocks, concrete, etc. It is about providing.

To achieve this objective, the device according to the invention provides It has a member that enlarges the hole, and the member that enlarges the hole can be introduced into the hole and the axis of the hole. It is characterized by being composed of a crushing member that can be expanded in the direction across the line.

In a preferred embodiment, the fracturing member is displaceable transversely to the axis of the hole and is The device has a wall surrounding the chamber, and the device is connected to the pressure chamber via a tube to supply pressure fluid to the pressure chamber. The crushing part is supplied to the chamber by displacing the displaceable walls of the crushing member with respect to each other. It has a pressure fluid pump to inflate the material. According to the present invention, for example, a quay rubber hose By constructing the displaceable walls of the crushing member with an elastomeric material in the form of a A particularly advantageous device is provided which is easy to handle.

If the displaceable wall of the crushing member is made of elastane material, the longitudinal direction of the hole It is appropriate to attach to the wall a device that prevents the wall from expanding uncontrollably. . This type of device can have two end members, with a the walls are positioned at and the two end members are positioned such that the two end members are coupled to each other by a coupling device adapted to prevent them from being displaced apart. It will be done.

If the displaceable walls of the crushing member consist of an elastomeric material, the crushing member When pressure is applied, the error passes through the gap between the end member of the crushing member and the surrounding wall of the hole. A difficult problem arises in that the stomer material tends to extrude. This invention solves this problem. In order to solve the problem, various characteristics of the crushing member and combinations of those characteristics are identified. Ru. That is, according to the present invention, the difference in diameter between the hole and the crushing member can be reduced. The size of the gap can be reduced by Decreasing the difference in diameter is the hole is not exactly straight, so when introducing the crushing material into the hole, there are some Problems can arise, but according to the present invention, these problems can be solved by providing flexible connections for the end members. This can be solved by providing a device such as a wire.

Questions regarding the tendency of elastomeric material to extrude into the gap between the end member and the wall of the hole According to the invention, an end member of the crushing member is provided which is expandable in the direction of the wall of the hole. This can be solved by Thereby, the hole is often closer to the bottom than the opening of it. Problems caused by larger diameters on both sides and holes that are often not round can also be solved.

Elastomeric material protrudes into the gap between the end member of the crushing member and the surrounding wall of the hole The problem with this tendency is that according to the present invention, when pressure is applied to the crushing member, it expands slightly. This can be alleviated by providing a coupling device for the end members that is made to be flexible. against the wall of the hole This feature of the fracturing member, together with the frictional effects of the elastomeric material, substantially eliminates the above problems. Reduce to.

In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the displaceable walls of the crushing member are reinforced It is made of a lastomeric material, which allows it to axially and A suitable relationship can be established between the radial and radial expansion of the material.

Naturally, two or more of the features specified above may be used to provide a device according to the invention. A combination of the above is also possible.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the crushing device according to the invention, showing the crushing member in axial section. .

FIG. 2a is an axial sectional view of a variant embodiment of the crushing element included in the device according to the invention; It is.

Figure 2b shows the axial direction of the mutual connection of two crushing members of the type shown in Figure 2a. FIG.

FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view of another embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention; be.

Figures 4a to 4h show various embodiments of details of the crushing element according to the invention.

FIG. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view of a portion of the crushing member according to the invention.

Figures 6a and 6b show two different types of crushing elements included in the device according to the invention. FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of an end portion of the embodiment;

Figures 7a to 7c show an embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention. They are an axial sectional view, a side view, and a transverse sectional view, respectively.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a modified embodiment of the crushing member shown in FIGS. 1a to 7C.

FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view of another embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention. be.

FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view of another embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention. It is.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention. Ru.

FIG. 1 shows the main structure of a device for crushing a cuttable material 2 made of rock, for example. shows. Holes 4 are drilled in the rock by conventional poling. According to the present invention The crushing II supplies the crushing member 6, the pressure fluid pump 8, and the crushing member 6 with pressure fluid. It has a hose 10 that connects the pump 8. Fragmentation of material 2 that can be cut open or The destruction is done by enlarging the hole 4 to such an extent that it fractures or destroys the material surrounding the hole. be made to do. The hole 4 is enlarged using a crushing member 6 placed inside the hole. This is done by being able to expand the crushing member 6 in a direction transverse to the axis of the hole 4. For crushing The member 6 has a wall 12 of elastomeric material in the form of a thick-walled rubber hose in the illustrated embodiment. an end member 16 with an inlet plug 14; an end member 18; and an end member 16.18. and the walls 12 to the end members 16, 18, respectively. 22 and 24.

In the embodiment of the apparatus for crushing slittable material shown in FIG. 1, the end member 16. 18 and coupling device 20 are made of a rigid material, preferably metal. coupling device 120 consists of a rod member which is screwed into the end member 16. It is firmly connected to 18. The end pieces 16.18 are thus firmly connected to each other. be done. A support and sealing device 22.24 is attached to the wall 12 and the end member 16.18. Each is firmly connected. Despite the fact that the wall 12 is made of elastomeric material. The wall 12 is constrained between the end members 16 and 18 so that it does not expand in the longitudinal direction of the hole 4. Don't tense up.

A passageway 26 is formed in the adjacent ends of end member 16 and rod member 20, and Channel 26 communicates with pressure fluid pump 8 via hose 10 . Inside of passage 26 The end is radially open into the space between the outer surface of the rod member 20 and the inner surface of the wall 12. A pressure chamber 28 is formed between the outer surface of the rod member 20 and the inner surface of the wall 12. There is.

Pressure fluid flows from pressure fluid pump 8 through hose 10 and passage 26 to pressure chamber 28. Preferably, when pressure oil is supplied, the wall 12 expands radially and against the wall of the hole 4. and press. The pressure of the pressure vacuum and thereby the contact of the wall 12 against the wall surface in the hole 4 The pressure is increased until it exceeds the strength of the material 2 around the hole 4 and the material fractures. . The required pressure can reach, for example, 1000 kp/cm2. The principle of the invention Therefore, the crushing equipment should be constructed so that it can reach a high pressure of about 3500kp/co+2. It is possible to do so.

In the device shown in FIG. 1, when pressure fluid is supplied to the pressure chamber 28, the support and The elastomer material of the wall 12 is placed in the gap 29 between the sealing M22.24 and the wall of the hole 4. The problem is that the amount of money is starting to rise. This provides support and sealing to the wall 12. The elastomer material may tear in the area of connection with the device 22.24. Ru. This tearing of the elastomeric material causes the fragmentation of the material 2 that can be cut open. It is clear that the pressure necessary to achieve this is no longer possible.

According to the invention, this problem is solved by configuring the crushing member in a special way. It will be decided. In other words, the problem is that the crushing member must be placed so that the gap is extremely small. radially so as to close the gap when pressure is applied to the crushing member. by providing an inflatable support and sealing device or applying pressure to the crushing member. When the wall 12 is made of elastomeric material, it can expand to a limited extent in the axial direction. This can be solved by configuring the crushing member to The above axial expansion Tension is a bond that stretches to a limited extent when pressure is applied to the crushing member. When configuring the device 20 and/or applying pressure to the crushing member, the wall 12 By configuring the support and sealing device so that the end member of the It can be done as follows.

Configuring the crushing member so that the width of the gap 29 can be reduced is a flexible crushing member. The setting is up to you. This allows the holes to match the diameter of the crushing member even if they are not exactly straight. The crushing element can be introduced into a hole of slightly larger diameter.

The two embodiments of the crushing member shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are the end members of the crushing member. The problem is to prevent the elastomer material of 912 from protruding into the gap 29 between the hole and the wall of the hole. In order to contribute to solving the problem, KPB communication is available. Also, due to the flexibility of the crushing material, holes can be It is said that the gap 29 is uniformly formed around the end member even if the end member is in a rounded shape. I can do it.

End members may be eccentric if a straight, rigid crushing member is used in a curved hole. The gap between the end member and the wall is not uniform, and the gap is the same as that of the crushing member. be formed with a substantial size on one side of the

FIG. 2a shows an embodiment of a flexible shredding member included in the device according to the invention.

This crushing member is made of an elastomer of the same type as the wall 12 in the embodiment with the first port. - has a wall 30 of material. The wall 30 is supported by support and sealing members 36,38. and are coupled to end members 32 and 34, respectively. End members 32, 34 are combustible elements 40, this pushable element fR40 is similar to that in the embodiment of FIG. 2a. It consists of joined steel wires. Steel 140Fi bonding elements 42 and 44 respectively The connecting element 42.44 connects the dispensing portion 46.48 to the end member 32.34. and within these clamping parts 46,48 the coupling elements 42,44 are clamped to the steel wire 40. It will be done. The steel wire 40 is connected to the plug 52 of the end member 32 via a passage 50 in the coupling element 42. pressure between the outer surface of the steel wire 40 and the inner surface of the wall 30 during the bonded and stranded portions. It provides the necessary passageway for transferring pressure fluid to the force chamber 54. in principle, The embodiment of the crushing element shown in FIG. 2a has the same function as the crushing element according to FIG. ing.

The elements connecting the end pieces to each other are flexible in the embodiment according to FIG. Since the crushing member according to the Kg2 diagram can be placed in the hole that is not exactly straight, the end member 3 2.34 and the wall of the hole can be reduced, which is a special effect. In addition, when long crushing members are used, this type of crushing member is easy to transport and store. The embodiment according to FIG. 2a is utilized since it can be wound in a space-saving manner to It is useful to do so.

Figure 2b shows how two crushing elements of the type shown in Figure 2a can be interconnected. vinegar. According to the FG principle shown in Fig. 2b, a desired number of crushing members can be assembled into units of desired length. can be connected to each other.

In FIG. 3, the structure of the σ rads 20a connecting the end pieces 16, 18 to each other is different. shows a crushing member having the same structure as the crushing member shown in FIG. 1 in an axial cross-sectional view. Therefore , the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are used in FIG. 3 except for the rod 20a. From Figure 3 As is clear, the crushing member can be easily inserted into the bent hole of rod 20aH1. The diameter of the central part is made thinner in order to make the rod 20a The special design allows the wall 12 to be displaced inward for easy insertion. can do.

In another variant of the crushing element, the rods connecting the end pieces to each other are rolled It may consist of a tube with a flattened central portion.

Figures 4a to 4h show various embodiments of support and sealing devices, which With the device, the wall 12 made of elastomeric material is connected to the end members and the connecting device between the end members. The end portions of the rods or steel wires defining the connecting elements are joined together.

In the embodiment of figure 4a, the end member 16 with the plug 14 is connected to the element 56. , and the wall 12 of nidistomer material is comprised of a support ring 58 and a sealing element 60. The element 56 is coupled to the end member 16 by a support and sealing arrangement. Ella Although the wall work 2 made of stomer material is not necessarily required, it can be sealed by vulcanization. It can be fixed to element 60. Seal element 60 is connected to element 56 via O-ring 62. It is sealed. By applying pressure to the crushing member and displacing fi12, the wall surface of hole 4 is When engaged with the seal element 60, the seal element 60 radially expands (shown in dashed lines) The gap between the hole element 60 and the wall of the hole is closed so that the elastomer of the wall 12 - radial expansion of the sealing element 600 to prevent material from seeping into the above-mentioned gap; The tension allows the wall 12 to extend in a limited manner in the axial direction, which causes It is clear that displacement of the mer material can be prevented.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4h is similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 56, a wall 12 of elastomeric material, and a support ring. 58 and a sealing element 64. The embodiment shown in Figure 4a and the actual example shown in Figure 4b. The difference from the applied force lies in the structure of the element 6o and the sealing element 64. Example according to Figure 4b In this case, the sealing element consists of a plate-shaped metal cap, and this plate-shaped metal cap is fixedly coupled to the support ring 58 and, although not necessarily, by a vulcanization process. and may be secured to the elastomeric material of wall 12. As shown by the dashed line, the seal is required. The element 60 expands radially when pressure is applied to the crushing member, sealing the sealing element and the wall of the hole. K closes the gap between K and thereby prevents the elastomer material from protruding through the gap. Stop.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4c, the sealing element 66 is made of a semi-rigid material, for example rigid polyurethane. It consists of a ring with a crushing part to close the gap between the sealing element and the wall of the hole. When pressure is applied to the material, KJI tension is applied as shown by the dashed line. 9:12 and element 56 The seal between the walls 12 is provided with a circumferential seal lip W168 at its base, and this A sealing lip-like portion 68 is activated by pressure fluid supplied between the wall 12 and the element 56. This is done by forcing the element 56 into sealing engagement with the outer surface of the element 56.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4d, the sealing elements 7o are in sliding engagement with each other with conical surfaces. two rings 72 rigidly connected to wall 12 and supporting ring 58, respectively; ．． Consists of 74. Alternatively, at least the ring 72 is made of hard polyurethane. Constructed of semi-rigid expandable materials such as When pressure is applied to the crushing member, the phosphorus The ring 72 is at a position f where the ring 72 closes the gap against the wall of the hole, as shown by the dashed line. It expands while sliding against the conical surface between the rings 72 and 74 until t. Su/Gua Due to the conical retaining surface between 2° and 74°, the elastomeric material of the wall 12 is limited in the axial direction. expands to prevent elastomer material from extruding through gaps in the hole wall. do.

Also in the embodiment according to FIG. 4c, the seal between wall 12 and element 56 is This is achieved by providing a sealing lip portion 68 at the end portion.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4e, the walls 12Fi of elastomeric material, hard polyurethane The support ring 58 is made of a semi-rigid expandable material such as It is coupled to a sealing element 76 with an engaging conical surface. Apply pressure to the crushing member In other words, the sealing element 76 does not slide along the conical surface as shown by the dashed line. It expands to the point where it closes the gap to the wall of the hole.

Also, in this embodiment, while sealing element 76 is radially expanding, The lastomeric material has limited expansion in the axial direction. Between wall 12 and the outer surface of element 56 The seal is made in the same manner as in the case where the wall 12 is illustrated in FIGS. 4C and 4D. This is accomplished by providing a sealing lip 68.

In the embodiment according to Figure 4f', the sealing member consists of a spring washer 78, which Gold 78Fi is fixedly bonded to the end surface of the wall 12 by vulcanization. .

The spring washer 78 is configured such that the spring washer contacts the support ring 58 when pressure is applied to the crushing member. It is designed to tilt to the position shown by the dashed line where it engages. Spring washer like this To move, the spring washer aligns its outer diameter with the wall of the hole while maintaining the inner diameter of the hole. □The spring washer can be corrugated to the point where it closes the gap between the While moving as shown in FIG. , to prevent the elastomer material from extruding through the gap between the crushing member and the wall of the hole. To prevent.

The spring washer can be made of a #l-shaped cup-shaped washer instead of the above-mentioned wave-shaped washer. Ru.

5 on the end face of the wall 12 toward the washer when pressure is applied to the crushing member! A strong compressive force works. Therefore, the spring washer 78 is not necessarily fixed to the elastomeric material of the wall by the vulcanization process. There is no *necessity*.

Also, sealing of wall 12 to JJIL element 56 is accomplished by this embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. It is constituted by a coil spring 80 that is vulcanized at one end. Pressure is applied to the crushing member. Upon application of force, the coil spring 80 closes the gap between the breaking member and the wall of the hole. It expands in the radial direction to the position indicated by the dotted chain. Therefore, it is most appropriate to The surface is not vulcanized into the support ring 58 and is exposed to the support ring during radial expansion. Allowed to slide.

In this embodiment, the contact surface between the wall 12 and the support ring 58 is conical so that the coil Due to the expansion of the spring 80 and the end face of the wall 12 in the radial direction, the end face of the wall 12 is It is also allowed to expand in the axial direction.

Also in this embodiment, the seal between wall 12 and element 56 is provided by sealing lip 6 8.

In the embodiment of the breaking member according to the invention shown in FIG. 4h, the sealing element is a corrugated strip. 82, this strip 82 is in the form of a hole wall when pressure is applied to the crushing member. expands radially to a position where it closes the gap.

The seal between the wall 12 of nidistomer material and the element 56 is similar to the above implementation of the fracturing member. As in the example, this is done by means of a sealing lip.

The above-described support and In most embodiments of the sealing system, the gate seal between the wall 12 and the main body This is done by a sealing lip 68, and this sealing lip 68 The pressurized fluid, typically oil, used to inflate the elastomer of the wall 12 - Do not apply the model number to the joint between the material and the sealing element 60 or the support ring 58. It is positioned exactly as it should be.

This is beneficial as pressure oil has an adverse effect on this joint.

The wall 12 of the material of the crushing member according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4a to 4h. Limited expansion in the axial direction. This axial expansion creates a gap between the crushing member and the wall of the hole. by increasing the space for receiving the elastomer material within the area inside the gap. This can prevent the elastomer material from protruding into the gap. Also, error Due to the friction between the walls 12 of the elastomeric material and the walls of the hole, the elastomeric material is only limited. elongates and is displaced axially in the direction toward the gap.

As mentioned above, axial expansion is achieved by providing support and sealing devices at the ends of the crushing member. This can be done by swiveling, but it is possible to provide a somewhat expandable coupling device between the end members. This axial expansion can also be achieved by Therefore, as shown in Figure 2a In the example of the crushing member, when pressure is applied to the crushing member, the steel wire 40 is limited. The steel wire 40 can be applied to elongate to a certain extent.

Therefore, not only the axial expansion of the wall 12, which is advantageous with respect to the sealing of the gaps, but also the end Stress limitation of the coupling device between the parts is also provided. In this way, wall 1 against the wall of the hole The friction of 2 reduces the axial forces experienced by the coupling device.

FIG. 5 includes a device according to the invention. Elastomeric material wall 1 of the crushing member 2 is shown in axial cross-section. In this embodiment, the wall 12 is 84 and two end members 86. The intermediate member 84 is cut to an appropriate length. Constructed of extruded hose.

The end member 86 is manufactured, for example, by compression molding and is coated with adhesive or vulcanization. is coupled to intermediate member 84 by. According to this basic structure, elasticity of different lengths It is possible to produce a crushing member with a material wall.

Alternatively, the intermediate member, together with the end member, may be made of a continuous I-shaped hose member, and the rearward It is also possible to cut the sealing lip-like portion of the end member towards the end.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6a, the wall 12 is a tension member provided on the threaded part of the element 56. 88 may be pre-tensioned.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6b, a piston-shaped tensioning element 90 for pretensioning the wall 12 is used. A tension element 90 is provided within the cylinder 92 and extends toward the wall 12. supplying the cylinder 92 with the pressurized fluid used to displace it and expand the wall 12. By this, the wall 12 is pretensioned.

Figures 7a to 7C and Figure 8 show fractures capable of performing directional crushing action. Shows the parts for use. In the embodiment according to Figures 7a, 7b and 7C, the The crushing member is made of metal and has a body 94 having a longitudinal opening 96. Ru. A rubber element 98 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and an axial recess 100 is inserted into the opening 96. placed in the center. The openings 96 on both sides of the rubber element 98 are made of nylon, for example. A set of pistons 102 made of stainless steel are provided.

When pressurized fluid is supplied into the recess 100 of the rubber element 98, the rubber element 98 expands. to displace the pistons 102 in a direction away from each other. The rubber element 98 is connected to the main body 94. No expansion occurs in the direction of contact, and for this reason this In this embodiment a directional crushing effect is obtained.

According to FIG. 8, the crushing member shown in FIGS. 7a to 1C is modified, and the main body 94a surrounds the rubber element 98a from three sides thereof, and the piston 102a surrounds the rubber element 98a from three sides thereof. It is provided only on one side of 98a. The crushing member according to FIG. 8 is placed in the recess 100a. When pressure fluid is supplied, it will expand in only one direction.

In the embodiment of the crushing member included in the device according to the invention shown in FIG. An expander element 104 made of rubber is placed between the two end pieces 106, 108. It is provided. The end member 106.10g is placed in a suitable manner around the crushing member. They are connected to each other by arranged wires or rods 110.

Expander element 104 radially expands expander element 104 A central opening 112 is provided for supplying pressure fluid. wire or rod 11 0 is flexible and follows the expansion of the expander element 104 and at the same time The crushing member is caused to bend when the material is introduced into the curved hole. Of course also the above principle Accordingly, wires or is a wire or rod so that the rod can expand the crushing member in a limited axial direction. A code can also be applied.

FIG. 10 shows a main body 112 with a recess 114 and a radial displacement inside the recess 114. 2 shows a crushing member consisting of a metal piston 116 that can be used. The metal piston 116 an element 118 of elastomeric material, preferably rubber, fixed to its inner surface; We are prepared. The metal piston 116 is connected to the bottom of the recess 114 and the metal piston 116. Inflating the fracturing member by supplying pressurized fluid between the coupled element 118 It can be displaced radially to tension it.

In the embodiment of the fracturing member shown in FIG. , for example of nylon, while the expansion causes the wall 120 to extend longitudinally outwardly and inwardly. 1122.124, respectively. As a result, outside The inner and outer grooves 122, 124 are suitably filled with rubber. This invention In embodiments, metal, preferably steel, may also be used to construct the wall 120. .

Several crushing elements can be connected to each other in a simple manner and several at the same time. The same pressure flow to fracture or destroy material that can be cut through a hole Can be coupled to a body pump. This provides the desired control of the operation of the crushing member. For this purpose, suitable delay valves or non-return valves can be connected between the crushing members.

Brief description of the drawing Procedure Nefu Seisho (self-motivated) November 19, 1985

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A radial hole in a cuttable material such as stone, rock, concrete, etc. Cuttable materials such as stones, rocks, concrete, etc. that have members that expand to In a crushing device, the above-mentioned member for enlarging a hole in a material that can be cut open is used to It consists of a crushing member that can be introduced into the hole and expanded in a direction transverse to the axis of the hole. A crushing device characterized by: 2. The crushing member can be displaced in a direction transverse to the axis of the hole and has a wall surrounding the pressure chamber. , is also connected to the pressure chamber via a pressure line, and supplies pressure fluid to the pressure chamber for crushing. Pressure that expands the crushing member by displacing the walls of the members away from each other 2. The device of claim 1, comprising a hydraulic bomb. 3. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the walls of the crushing member are of elastomeric material. 4. The walls of the elastomeric material of the crushing element are connected to each other via a connecting device. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the device is provided between a pair of end members. 5. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the crushing member is flexible. 6. 6. Apparatus according to claims 4 and 5, wherein the coupling device consists of a wire. 7. A wire is disposed within the pressure chamber and also includes a passage for supplying pressurized fluid to the pressure chamber. 7. The device according to claims 2-6. 8. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the wire is comprised of twisted steel wire. 9. When pressure is applied to the shredding member, the coupling device connects the shredding member and thereby the end. to allow limited axial expansion of walls of elastomeric material placed between the members. The device according to any one of claims 4 to 8. 10. The end member expands in the radial direction when pressure is applied to the crushing member and is used for crushing. A support adapted to close the gap between the member and the wall of the hole into which the crushing member is inserted. and a sealing device. 11. The end member moves slightly in the axial direction of the crushing member when pressure is applied to the crushing member. Claim 4, further comprising a support and sealing device adapted to separate the equipment. 12. radially at least around the circumference when the support and sealing device is subjected to axial pressure. elastomer disposed between the end members with axial expansion and/or axial displacement; - according to claims 10 and 11, adapted to increase the space receiving the wall of material. equipment.