JPS62500498A - Method and apparatus for making dentures or partial dentures using polymerizable plastics - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 1st month of plasti-tsuk to make J- or joint-tooth law and placement In accordance with the general idea of the main claim, the present invention uses a monopolymerizable plastic to create a denture. or relates to a method and apparatus for making a partial denture.

Such a method is known by PR-PS 1077993 [in the following form] It is being In this case, 1 polymerization pressure is defined as the amount of plastic introduced into the cavity as a constant amount. through the air bubbles formed within the cuvette and which can be squeezed under pressure. ＠Transmitted by mechanical means. This air bubble only exists in the cavity inside the tooth implant. Because it is formed and exerts its effect, the positive effect in other areas (lingual/buccal) It has no effect on crack formation due to tick contraction. This situation The situation is worse than if no measures were taken against such crack formation.

It is clear that it is even worse. Moreover, the difficulty in handling this known device is Even if you think about it visually, the pressure in the above-mentioned “other areas” is generated only from the side. does not play any role in preventing crack formation due to shrinkage of the plastic. I haven't done much. In addition to this, there are other similar methods that cannot be verified with printed materials. be. In that case, fluid plastics were compatible with the formation of dentures. one on the one hand by a plaster cast and on the other hand with an impression gel (which holds the implanted tooth). a cavity bounded by a wall (surrounding all exposed surfaces of the plaster model) The mold is then placed in a temperature-controlled polymerization bath for polymerization. This already The known method is the likewise known so-called injection method (in that case plasti-injection method). 7 is introduced into a cavity formed mainly by plaster only). The installation costs are significantly reduced and, in particular, the amount of labor required is greatly reduced. That's right It has several advantages.

However, this method does not allow the shrinkage of the plastic to affect the surface of the plastic. , it also affects the plastic directly adjacent to one plaster model, There are drawbacks such as:

For this purpose, when removing the plaster model from the cuvette or removing the impression gel. Afterward, there is a noticeable difference between the polymerized plastic and the surface of the plaster model. It is confirmed that a void is created; that is, there is no palate created by one polymerization. Otherwise, the jaw attachment surface will not match the impression accurately. For these reasons, this method Although it is inherently simple, easy to handle, and allows for cost savings in terms of equipment, However, it wasn't very helpful. The above-mentioned injectors are costly in terms of equipment. In the denture method, a large or small amount of paste-like plastic is used to create dentures. It is press-fitted into the cavity of the mold. In addition, only a slight shrinkage occurs during single polymerization. Adjustments have been made as follows. As a result, crack formation is largely impeded. but.

Due to the injection being carried out under pressure, the generation of stress within the denture forming mold is unavoidable. . This can lead to stress cracking or deformation later on while wearing the denture. There are things to do. That is, until now, according to conventionally known methods, plastic crack formation due to shrinkage of the dentures and the resulting inaccuracy in sitting position when wearing dentures. Either I have to accept it, or...

When crack formation is reduced (injection method), stress is generated inside the denture. was unavoidable.

Under these circumstances, the present invention is based on a method and an apparatus attached thereto. Disadvantages of polymerization of plastic without precise conformity while retaining ease of handling will continue to improve.

The task is given. In other words, this is a denture shape created by double polymerization. The adult jaw corresponds almost exactly to the overall shape of the jaw, that is, the plaster model made by taking the impression. The method and its accessories are designed to ensure that the denture preparation The challenge was to improve the equipment used.

, the second problem is solved by the method presented at the beginning of this paper according to the present invention.

The problem is solved through the features indicated in claim 1. Advantages of method A preferred development is achieved by dependent claims 2 to 4 attached to claim 1. occured.

Depending on the type of plastic used, the external pressure, i.e. the polymerization volume, may Sometimes the vessel is no longer needed, but it is often added to the process. This is because sufficiently precise polymerization can be achieved using only negative pressure. The method based on this invention is As a result, it was confirmed that it is an N car and at the same time shows surprising advantages. that If a pressure lower than the ambient pressure is generated at the part of the plaster model during the double polymerization, , by itself, the direction of shrinkage occurring there can be mainly limited to the direction of the plaster model surface. Ru. That is the point. It is mainly because the entire plastic shape undergoes one polymerization process. It remains attached to the relevant plaster surface throughout the course of the process. Toko It means.

The point to note here is that the magnitude of the contraction in the occlusal area is 1/10 (1/10) 10) Stays at the millimeter level. That is the point. at this level For example, if the jaw is in good condition, the risk of occlusal deviation occurring at the site of tooth implantation is relatively low. stomach. Regardless of that point, this method can be used to improve occlusal deviations as follows. can be developed. In other words, the position of the tooth implanted in relation to the two plaster models is determined by the progress of two polymerizations. A constant occlusal distance can be maintained for one plaster throughout. This situation and apparatus means suitable for this purpose will be explained in more detail below.

The method according to the invention is suitable for both low-temperature and heat-polymerized plastics. ing. In the case of plastics that can be heat-polymerized, the material of the upper part of the model naturally should not be an impression gel, but rather a silicone elastic rubber with adequate heat resistance. Or, gypsum is preferentially used because it is cheaper than a large cloth. In addition to plaster It is also a material that guarantees safety against occlusal deviations, and in this respect No special treatment is required as with silicone. Also, what is this problem? Regardless, using a plaster model top on a low-temperature polymerized plastic will not last long. Of course, there is no problem. For other measures required during polymerization, please refer to 9. This will be explained in detail.

Speaking of plastics processed by this method.

In order to be able to reach and fill the entire area of the model cavity, good fluidity is of course required. You need to be prepared. The fluidity of these plastics is parallel to the introduction. Even in the simple method given, it is of course necessary; however, in that case .

Slowly (at least in terms of taking some measures regarding shrinkage behavior) Expandable polymers have been used. As a result, as is well known, various unfavorable The result is a denture with good physical properties (no risk of moisture absorption, brittleness or breakage). white discoloration). In the method according to the invention, the shrinkage behavior is countered in another way. Since the method is carried out, good solubility in the monomer is required Preference is given to using polymers that exhibit Need for fluidity or castability 1. A relatively higher proportion of monomers than usual is used.

This mixture will be defined in more detail later. Its characteristics include high density strength, good elasticity, resistance to discoloration, and low moisture absorption in the final product. The company is known for its outstanding excellence. Apparatus suitable for this method is described in specific sections. will be explained in more detail.

The problem posed here can also be solved by other methods. So This is the method according to dependent claim 11.

In contrast to the first solution, this second solution uses a cuvuesothot during the course of one polymerization. from a small, heat-shielded plastic reserve centrally located inside the (remains pressurized during polymerization) and presses against the cavity in the mold. The plastic is extruded, making it possible to compensate for shrinkage behavior. . It may also be considered to combine both the first and second methods. This second method is Particularly unfavorable pregnathic features (e.g., a flattened or uneven jaw crest) It is defined for the height of the chin). But good, solid shape It can also be applied to the jaws of children, so it is more universal in that sense. be. Apparatus suitable for this second method will also be explained in more detail in the descriptions of specific sections. I will clarify.

Both methods based on the invention require relatively little stress on the device compared to the magnitude of the effect. It only costs money. Easy to handle (plastics can reach a formable state) at the time it is done.

(just pour it into the Cuvee Soto) and the result can be completely satisfying. Sunawa Not only on the jaw attachment surface (also the position of the teeth, which was previously impossible to reach) A high precision fit is achieved.

The two methods, the equipment involved in their implementation and the preferred embodiments are described. Next, detailed explanation will be given based on the drawings of the embodiment.

The same description as in 1 is given below.

Figure 1: Dual combination container and Cuvent placed therein; Figure 2: Cuveent placed therein. Cross-sectional view of specific implementation B of the cuveft; Figure 3: Cuveft presented open. Side view; Figure 4: Plan view of a particular embodiment of the Cuvesotho substrate; Figure 5: Figure 4. Figure 6: Side view of another embodiment of the device; Figure 7: Cross section of a particular embodiment of the cuvette; Figure 8: Place for forming the chicane. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the top of the device based on FIG. That's it.

Diagram with the chikane installed and the injection tube already inserted; Figure 10: When making dentures using the second method, there is fluidity in the cuvee sotho. Side view of plastic injection situation; Figure 11: Cuvette according to Figure 12 and denture fitted into the cuvette Cross-sectional view taken along with the production mold; Figures 12-15: Various implementations of the pouring vessel, which is to be placed in a central position within the cuvette Cross-sectional view of the embodiment; Figure 16: Arrangement of the cuvette in the pressure polymerization vessel; The first method will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9: As is clear from Figures 1 and 2, Cuvette 2 and Cuvette 5 are It consists of an upper part 16. The upper part of the cuvette is attached to the board 5 by several clasps 19. It may be removably fixed. The large opening 17 is for pouring the gel material for impression taking. The smaller openings (17") are used for pouring the impression material. , used to release air. A stand placed on the side of the upper part 16 of Cuvee Soto With the seat element 20, the Cuvenoto 2 allows the plastic to flow into the injection funnel 18. when putting it in.

Can be stood vertically. This same vertical position can be applied to the cuvette as shown in Figure 1. It is also used when inserting the container into the polymerization vessel. Plaster model 3 is porous. Then, an opening 6 is installed in the substrate according to the embodiment of FIG.

It is sufficient to connect the polymerization vessel 1 to the ambient pressure using the conduit 8. At that time, Figure 1 A vacuum generator 9' can be connected to the end of the conduit, as shown in FIG. Opening 6. Conduit 8. and the vacuum generator 9° form a differential pressure chamber in this case. but .

The embodiment according to FIG. 2 is even more preferred. In that case, the opening 6 of the substrate 5 has a differential pressure It is open towards a small chamber 9 forming a chamber. This small chamber 9 is also attached to the board. It's attached. In this example, the opening 6 is connected to the ambient pressure of the polymerization vessel 1. There will be no need. This means that the inside of chamber 9 is already under ambient pressure. This is because there is a sufficient differential pressure relationship for the entire interior of the polymerization vessel 1. be. The polymerization vessel is equipped with a suitable heating device 21. Polymerization container 1 Pressure equilibrium between the interior and the chamber 9 (the same applies to the opening 6 of the embodiment according to FIG. (even if applicable).

The density between the impression-taking gel forming the already existing upper part 4 of the model and the surface 7” As a supplement to the sealing surface, a sealing surface enlarging element is provided around the model placement area 7 of the base vj, 5. Can be attached. This enlarging element is connected to the groove 10 and/or the groove 10, as shown in FIG. or a bar 11 shape. This additional sealing guarantee device is of course provided in accordance with Fig. 1. It can also be installed in other embodiments.

Although there is a slight deviation from the required occlusal distance when using the first method, By using the upper part of the model 4, which has some elasticity, the capacity can be reduced even against this deviation. You can deal with it easily.

The method is also shown in FIG. For that purpose, the board of Cuvette 2 is required. 5 on the outside of the 2 plaster model placement area 7.

A so-called occlusal stabilizer 12 is provided in removable form. This is a small It surrounds at least the entire dentition 14 of the denture and covers the dentition with slight intervals. child Simply place a stabilizing device such as the impression material or silicone that forms the upper part 4. Stabilize or secure the material in a manner that covers the hazardous area; This plays a sufficient role in preventing the deviation of the occlusal position of the tooth implant row 14. has been confirmed. An impression gel is used between the tooth implant and the stabilizer 12. Even when using a supplementary material, a suitable retaining material 1, such as a silicone material, is loaded and the entire body is can be incorporated into the impression gel during the preparatory stage. This bite The stabilizing device 12 is configured as shown in FIG. made of a thin plate with many holes15 or a grid of sufficient stability . The area below the opening 17 of the upper part 16 is left open.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the small chamber 9 as a differential pressure chamber is oriented toward the two plaster models. recess 25 (which is accompanied by a carrying bar 27 in the support surface 26).

) has been replaced in a simple way by A small opening 6 connects from this four part 25. It is directed towards the continuation channel 23. There is a non-return check on the vacuum connection side of this channel. A valve 22 is attached, and a membrane-like vacuum indicator 24 is attached to the opposite end of the valve 22. Ru. These elements viz.

Valve 22. Connection channel 23. and the vacuum indicator 24 is normally operated by a second circle. It can also be used in the examples. When the corresponding vacuum device is disconnected, the check valve 22 releases pressure. Breaking the force balance. Before the inflow of plastic inside the cavity and the inside of the cavity begins, a film-like A vacuum indicator 24 (equipped with a small indicator cam 24) allows the entire instrument to be It is indicated to the user that a vacuum is being applied for polymerization. In this way , the impression-taking gel material was placed on the R placement plate 2G of the substrate 5 in a completely sealed state. become. Implement this method. i.e. the simplest and achievable method for realizing differential pressure. Possible methods are as follows: 2) Create a cavity inside the plaster model pedestal or in the cue-wet substrate. The cavity forces the lower part of the plaster model as the double polymerization progresses. Allow atmospheric pressure to be achieved. One method is: The idea of rational work From a point of view, when using double polymerization container 1, properly equipped Cuvee 7+, 2 It is effective to polymerize several molecules at the same time. Therefore, the advantages of the device according to FIG. As a possible improvement measure, the above elements 22, 23, 23", and 24 can be combined into a common cuvette. It was devised to place the base material in a support 2'' on which it was placed.

By suitable means and in a sealed manner, the individual joints with the opening 6 or the connecting channel Cuvette 2 of each person will be placed on it.

In connection with FIG. 4, if there is a recess 25 shown there, it is is sufficient to form a differential pressure chamber.

In that case, the exposed cross section of the recess 25 is, in a sense, the opening 6 itself. is formed. The embodiment according to FIG.

Concerning the use of thermopolymerizable plastics. In this polymerization, the temperature is over 50°C. Therefore, impression-taking gel cannot be used as the upper part 4 of the model. but, Any silicone elastic rubber material can be used. In particular, 9 gypsum is often used for various reasons. used. In particular, 2-plaster is inexpensive, and the occlusal area of the tooth implants 14 is also reduced. The advantage is that there is no risk of injury. however.

In the case of gypsum, special treatment may be applied to a variant device according to Figure 7 (with the exception of devices belonging to 2 (including the plaster model 3 and the upper part of the model 4). It is also necessary to satisfy the following conditions. To do this, it must be placed on a pedestal along with the wax model. The plaster model 3 is covered with silicone elastic as a sealant 29 up to the line of the model edge 28. Surrounded by rubber. Also a wax model.

Covered with a thin layer 30 of the same silicone elastomer material. after that.

The space in the upper part 16 of the Cuvee Soto (in this example, the space is completely opened upwards) ) is filled with plaster 9 to form the upper part 4 of the model. wax model When filled with , a Cuvee Soto 2 apparatus for carrying out the thermal polymerization method is constructed.

This Cuvee Soto 2 has a sealing material 29 placed inside it and the entire periphery. A plaster model 3 and an upper part 4 (also made of plaster) are attached. the cavity The side faces are likewise covered with a thin layer 30 of sealant 29. This Ti1 layer 30 is However, this is not a necessary condition for the j-th method to work (the reason is that there is no The plastic itself, which is introduced and polymerized, creates a pressure difference between the plaster model 3 and the top of the model. (This is because it plays the role of a sealant for However, this thin layer, on the other hand, On the other hand, in the sense that a differential pressure can be created before injecting the plastic.

The thin layer may prevent foreign matter from entering the plastic village from the upper part 4 of the model. In that sense, it is preferable. Furthermore, from FIG. 7, another particularly practical feature of the board 5 is shown. You can check the implementation. It can also be used for other diagram-based (implementations) Ru. In this case, a recess 31 is formed inside the substrate 5. There are 30 plaster models in it. Gypsum 32 is injected as a pedestal raising forest. Therefore, on the one hand, the plaster model 3 is On the other hand, it is no longer necessary to cut it flat when housing it in Vuesoto 2, and on the other hand, it is already almost Optimum prerequisites are also achieved in terms of connections, with almost perfect sealing achieved. can be done. In this case as well, the substrate 5 must have an opening 6 for carrying out the first method. However, since this method involves plaster injection, a small support grid 3 is installed in the opening 6. 3 is installed. Before pouring the plaster 32, add one more filter to this lattice. A piece of paper 34 is inserted.

Regarding the plastic for the completed denture 13 (Fig. 2) used in the first method, the 9th It has been demonstrated that a mixing ratio of: 20 parts of monomer to 10 parts of polymer that dissolves rapidly in the 7-mer.

However, liquid polymer-monomer mixtures are by far the best and most economical solution. be. It can be processed directly as supplied. This mixed preparation itself is strong. Although it exhibits a weak contraction, it can be used advantageously thanks to the method described above; By using this method, a plaster model of a denture that is to be formed using all possible means is possible. This is because consideration is given to the existence of a differential pressure on the mold side.

As already demonstrated, the first method described above, on the one hand, does not give very good results. However, on the other hand, the injection area of the device.

Regarding the plastic that fills the injection funnel 1B up to the entrance (this part As plastics (2) are originally unrelated to the creation of dentures, as polymerization progresses, It shrinks especially.

It is thought that some problems remain in this respect. Generally speaking, the upper part 4 of the mold is It is also under pressure during polymerization, which causes the material in the mold to collapse into the shrunken plastic in the funnel. It is thought that it will also adhere to the rack. However, although this is a phenomenon that always occurs everywhere, do not have. Furthermore, it must be taken into consideration that the plaster model 3 is under negative pressure. . In addition, if the injection pipe installed in the upper part 4 does not descend properly, 9. Similarly, there is a possibility of getting close to plaster model 3. Obviously this should be taken into account. These facts regarding the equipment.

This does not necessarily lead to negative results. But in some cases.

If the negative pressure in the plaster model fails and moisture flows into the cavity 31, It is difficult to avoid this. This situation is natural.

adversely affect the optimal outcome of denture preparation. When we investigated the cause of water inflow, we found that plastic Because the stick has completely shrunk, voids are created inside the injection tube, which is completely Pressurized water flowed in from the polymerization vessel 1 because it was not completely closed. Or if there is a pressure difference A pressure equilibrium has arisen between the various disciplines. I can't explain it other than thinking about it.

This problem can be solved by relatively simple means as follows.

That is, at least 2 of the mold upper part 4 disposed inside the cuvette 2 Within the area of the cage 18 there is at least one circulating sealant 36 (e.g. Attach a sealing lip made of the material of the upper part 4 of the mold. This is the method.

Even this basic and simplest embodiment is sufficient to achieve results. That means has been proven. The reason is that if there is at least one chicane, it is preferable. Even if moisture intrudes into the interior under unfavorable conditions, it will be stopped at that chicane. This is because it is clear that pressure equilibrium is sufficiently disturbed.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the region of the injection opening 35 of the injection funnel 18, An embodiment is shown in which the mold upper part 4 is fitted with a circulating sealant 36. figure This is formed by the material of the upper part of the mold 4, forming a circulating sealing knob, as shown in are doing. The plastic to be injected into the cavity 3 will increase as its level increases. continue pouring until it reaches the upper edge of the cuvette at the opening. In other words, this plastic will also flow around the chicane 36. . The formation of this chicane 36 is very simple, and the impression-taking material for forming the upper part 4 of the mold is before injecting into the corresponding opening of cuvette 2.

A rubber stopper 42 shaped accordingly is attached. This is done after the impression material has hardened. Can be removed. A cross-sectional view of the shape is shown in FIG. cavity Injection tubes extending up to 3'' can be serrated with known burrs for use with tubes.

The injection tube is only shown in dotted lines in FIG.

This is because this tube does not yet exist at this stage of 2nd creation (denture creation). be. The injected plastic is clearly indicated by dots in FIG. this As is clear from the figure, the chicane 36 can be attached at several locations toward the cavity 3'. is possible (suggested by the dotted line). This stops the inflow of pressurized water and maintains pressure equilibrium. This has become the main deterrent measure. Here, the size of the crack formed is It should be taken into account that it is only a fraction of a millimeter. On the mold When using silicone elastic rubber for portion 4, injection tube 18 cannot be inserted. stomach. In that case, before injecting the silicone elastic rubber into the cuvette, Attach a wax mold that corresponds to the shape of the injection tube and inject with it included. (In principle, the timing of injection is 30 minutes after the plaster model is injected, whether it is an impression material or a silicone elastic rubber material.) (when placing the wax model on top). In this case, the wax mold is placed in the injection tube area. In order to ensure that it is provided as a chicane 36 that circulates in an appropriate manner in Can be molded.

Next, the second method will be explained based on FIGS. 10 to 16.

The marking number is 50 or higher: In this method, the plastic is pressurized. Simply pour it into the injection mold, which is held perpendicular to the occlusal plane, without Go into the enclosed cavity (this is located in the center of the whole model) and enter it. Further plastic passes through the injection tube 53, 53' into the cavity 54. child This is as shown. This process allows the cavity 54 of the model to It is filled upwards. Therefore, the upper injection pipe is actually the exhaust pipe. The role will only be that of a person. In this case, a correspondingly formed funnel 61 is used. the deepest part of the cavity or the note placed there. Preferably care is taken to ensure that the injection in the entry tube 53 is well achieved. P The injection of plastic continues until the central cavity is also filled. after that 9. Place the polymerization bath in a polymerization bath with an appropriate closure to completely prevent pressure transmission. Keep under pressure throughout. In the polymerization bath 78, heat flow (16th (see arrows in figure) move from outside to inside. For this purpose, the central cavity or indicates the injection container 52 and the injection tube extending outward from this container (in a radial manner). 53 is the last point that comes in contact with the advancing thermal front that causes polymerization. It becomes.

As a result, since the entire polymerization is actually under pressure during one polymerization, there is a difference of 2 hours. Therefore, the plastic, which still retains its fluidity, will be released later from the central cavity. Can be pushed out. Similar to the first method, the dentures made by this method are simple. This not only shows the high degree of precision conformity on the attachment surface (the tooth placement also follows the model). held inside. Particularly unfavorable jaw situation 2 strong plastic concentration , or special points at the bottom of the tooth implant. Ru. This second method is particularly suitable for such cases.

However, this does not mean that it is not suitable for making dentures for particularly good jaws. nothing However, the second method may be used in combination with the first method.

(Margin below) Even though it is called an injection container 52, it is not a large one, 3 to 4 cubic centimeters in size. It is a small container with a capacity of 1. This is easily the center of the top or bottom 50.51 be accommodated within the area. Seven different possibilities are considered for the device 55 for generating internal pressure. available. In that case, 1. It is important that the injection container 52 is completely sealed against pressurization. to the plastic contained inside the injection container 52 under the condition that The only point is that an exclusion effect must be generated.

Injection container 52 with multiple tubes 53 and closure M56 can be used multiple times As with molds for making dentures, rather than appliances.

It should be considered as an element directly attached to denture construction. This injection container is suitable for dentures. Once completed, it can be discarded because it fulfills its role.

In particular, as is clear from Figure 11, the dentures required to implement this method A mold for this purpose is placed inside the cudget 62. If this is done, it will be injected and formed. Consists of an upper model 50 and a lower model 51 surrounding a cavity 54 for the desired denture. . An injection container 52 is fixed inside the model upper part 50 at the center.

From there, a plurality of injection tubes 53 are defined radially (see Fig. 10) as shown in Fig. 2. It is led into a dental cavity 54. These injection tubes are mainly placed laterally in one plane. in an extended state towards.

The denture cavity 59 is reached. In this example, the filling was continued throughout the bipolymerization process. Pressure is applied to the plastic from inside. As a result, the entire mold is under internal pressure. The cuvette is therefore provided with a tension frame 63 in the sense of FIG. . However, this frame was designed in consideration of the pressure inside the polymerization vessel (Fig. 16).

It is used simply to accept differential pressure. Injection container placed in the center of the mold 52 are stored together in the mold when creating the corresponding mold parts (upper and lower parts). be tolerated. However, in this way, the injection pipe connected to the end of the injection container 52 53 has reached the cavity 54. In some cases, the outlet of the injection tube 53 is exposed. Although it will be necessary to modify the corresponding part of the model later in order to The problem can be implemented. The pressure plate 63° of the tension frame 63 opens into the cuvette wall. The opening 66 is completely covered. The volume of the opening 66 is also the same as that of the upper part of the mold. Completely filled with material (e.g. impression gel or applicable model material) There is.

Plastic fillings that are injectable and polymerizable under the action of heat and pressure are As shown in Figure 16, the entire injection mold is placed with the occlusal surface facing vertically. Ru. For filling the plastic, a funnel 61 with an injection shaft of the required length is used. can be done. This funnel is vertical and emanates downward from the injection container 52. It is placed on top of the injection tube 53. Thereby.

Plastic enters the cavity 54 from the bottom and rises from there. At the same time as rising , a free injection pipe 53 installed above the cavity (this was originally an exhaust pipe) air can be forced out of the tube (attached as a tube). pipe for this exhaust is shown as a solid line. The top two injection tubes 53 are located at the top of the cavity 54. It is obvious that it can be attached to In the plastic filling process, If you see plastic inside the container 52, the injection process is finished. Ru. Funnel 61 is withdrawn from injection container 52 . Then, by appropriate method , the injection container is sealed with a lid 56 to prevent pressure from leaking.

The lid 56 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity in order to suppress heat inflow from the direction of the lid. created and maintained for a sufficiently long period of time.

In the embodiment of the injection container 52 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the pressure fitting 5 is connected to the 1M56. 7 is attached so that pressure can be ensured inside the container 52. Besides that A smaller piston 58 (shown in FIG. 12) or bladder 59 (shown in FIG. 13) is attached. This air bladder responds to changes in pressure exhibits a strong elongation, thereby causing the plastic present within the entire cavity to be stretched under pressure. It will be a long time. The plastic itself cannot be compressed. placed in the center of the mold The thermal front that performs the double polymerization action for the injection container 52 is formed from the outside with respect to the mold 1. Move inward. Therefore, the plastic present inside the cavity 54 is also on the outside. It hardens inward. As a result, if the shrinkage of plastic during polymerization is Even if it is unavoidable.

Plastic is automatically fed back from the center or from the injection container 52. this The injection container 52 is under pressure and the plastic inside is still in liquid form. . As already suggested.

This situation is particularly exacerbated by unfavorable awards, as seen in Figure 11. This is of significance for dentures that involve a large amount of plastic. In that case, if If there is shrinkage, it will have an adverse effect on the tooth implant part 64 placed inside the mold upper part 50. There is a possibility that the In other words, if you use the second method above, In addition to ensuring a precise fit, the implantation of the teeth must be ensured against the denture body. From this point of view, optimal results can be obtained. The second method above is, of course, However, it is not limited to these extreme cases (only about 20% of all cases); It is also clearly useful for jaws with a firm shape as shown in method 1. Ru. If possible, when arranging the injection container 52 with a plurality of injection tubes 53, this injection Attempts are made to place the tubes as far as possible into the large volume area of the model cavity. It will be done.

In FIG. 14, another embodiment of another injection container 52 is shown. this is This is a method that does not require any external pressure introduction. Examples of such implementations include: This makes it possible.

A propellant 60 is contained in a small air bag 59 attached to the M56. . In contrast, just before inserting the cuvette into the polymerization bath 78 (Fig. 16), By adding a driving force to the action, for example using a small syringe, , the entire system may be under pressure.

In addition, this method can be further applied to the small amount on the underside of the pedestal of the second creation type. Through at least one opening 65, during the polymerization process, the temperature is lower than that in the model cavity. It can be effectively utilized by maintaining a low pressure. This is an additional safety This can be said to be a measure to ensure that the following things are achieved: . The polymerized plastic shrinks towards the pedestal, which causes this part of the mold to Precise adhesion to is promoted. This procedure means that the plastic is pressurized from the center. This is because it is a system in which the amount that is contracted is then inflowed.

can be easily achieved.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the injection container 52 on a larger scale.

There, the cylindrical upper part 52" is opposed to the flat lower part 52" of the model. Transition while adjusting geometric relationships. Small compression piston 58゛ conducts heat It is attached to the center column 67 of the M2C, which is made of a low-strength material. The lid 56 .

For example, using the serrated teeth 68 for the stopper, it is possible to 52' and sealed using an annular backing 69.

The lower part 52'' of the small injection container 52 has a shape that is released according to the movement of the tooth implant. It is formed in the shape of a line and has at least one slit 71 (Fig. 16) in its side surface 70. ) may be attached.

This slit replaces the injection tube 53 shown in the other example. This side 7 0 is inside the mold 2 and is only a few millimeters away from the cavity 54. You will have to drive somewhere.

Here, the connecting slit reaching into the cavity 54 can be connected in a suitable manner to the corresponding mold part ( upper and lower parts).

The following points regarding the air bag 59 are further supplemented in relation to FIGS. 13 and 14. It will be done. This is formed as a small, hose-like air bladder, which is attached to the lid 56. It is well surrounded by a fixed stretch limiting grid 59'. air bladder inflated However, the slit 71 or the entrance to the injection tube 53 is not blocked.

When pushing the lid 56 into the filled injection container 52, remove any excess plastic. of the lid 56 to allow leakage (no air inclusions should be present). Inside, another small groove 73 is conveniently provided. This upper groove 7 3 is sealed after covering with a lid.

In the second method above, the plastic is pressurized internally, so It is perfectly acceptable for the polymerization to be carried out in a non-pressurized hot water bath vessel. deer 1. Carry out the polymerization in a pressurized polymerization vessel 75 shown in FIG. 16 as in normal polymerization. should be given priority. If this container is used, special implementation by Mr. B is required. It is essential. That is, the upper M12 or the wall 74 of the pressurized container has two At least one more pressure transmission column 76 is arranged, and the propellant 60 is carried inside the air bag 59. If no pressure is generated, the pressure generator 77 A corresponding transmission connection provides a pressure supply to the injection container 52.

As is clear from these explanations, the second method is different from the first method and known methods. Differently, the plastic material that can be later pressed into the cavity 54 to compensate for shrinkage is 9 It is placed directly into the polymerization bath 78 together with the mold. The plastic material was first teeth.

The presence of the mold itself provides protection from external thermal effects. The origin The process is such that the plastic material is held in the central area of the mold so that it can be press-fitted later. This is because it is

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. For making dentures or partial dentures using polymerizable plastics. law, The fluid plastic conforms to the shape of the denture, while the plaster model , and on the other hand, the upper part of the mold (which holds the tooth implant and covers the entire open surface of the plaster model). (surrounding the body) and under pressure Polymerization occurs in a cuvette in a container containing the plaster model and the upper part of the mold. This is a method in which the plaster model is One or more openings in the underside of the base of the mold allow other similar openings. A pressure that is lower than that surrounding the area of the cuvette that is in the A method characterized by: 2. Gypsum is used as the upper part of the mold, which maintains pressure equilibrium during thermal polymerization. It is used to prevent It is characterized by a thin layer of sealing material that shields against pressures lower than the A method according to claim 1 for the thermal polymerization of 3. While the tooth implants in the upper part of the mold are polymerizing, the plaster model (lower part of the mold) ), the fixation may be a shielding and/or retaining joint. The method according to claim 1, which is made by. 4. The plaster model (lower part of the mold) and the cavity to be filled are made of plastic. Claim 1, which is placed under vacuum before, during or after filling. or the method described in Section 3. 5. with a substrate and a plaster model and mold top delimiting the cavity to be filled. A device having a cuvette with a mold upper part and a stone placed on a substrate (5). In the substrate (5) of the cuvette (2) containing the plaster model (3), at least In each case, one opening (6) is arranged in the plaster model placement area (7), and the pressure of the upper part of the mold is the opening so that the pressure in the plaster model remains lower in response to the force. for carrying out the method according to claim 1, in which the is connected to a differential pressure chamber. Device. 6. A conduit (8) is connected to at least one opening (6) of the substrate (5); This conduit (8) is connected to the outside of the polymerization vessel (1) containing the cuvette (2). 6. A device according to claim 5, in communication with air. 7. A differential pressure chamber is provided in the substrate (5) in the form of at least one recess (25). arranged, said recess (25) providing at least one opening (6), and said recess (25) providing at least one opening (6); According to claim 6, the opening (6) is connected to the suction connection pipe (23'). equipment. 8. Removable from the substrate (5) or cuvette upper part (16) According to claim 5, the occlusal stabilizing device (12) is arranged in a fixed manner. equipment. 9. The plaster is placed on the substrate (5) inside the cuvette (2). Surrounding the model (3) and up to the height of the model protrusion (28), Claims 5 to 8 in which a durable sealing material (29) is arranged. The device described in any of the above (Fig. 7). 10. Device for making dentures or partial dentures from polymerizable plastics with a substrate and a plaster model and mold top bounding the cavity to be filled. An apparatus having a cuvette, The substrate of the cuvette contains the upper part of the mold and the plaster model placed on the substrate. at least one opening is arranged in the plaster model placement area to reduce the pressure on the top of the mold. Against. The opening is made so that the pressure in the plaster model is maintained at a lower level. This is a device connected to the differential pressure chamber, and the mold placed inside the cuvette (2). For the upper part (4), at least the filling opening of the plastic filling funnel (18) In the region of part (35), as in the sealing lip formed by the material of the mold upper part (4). and at least one circulating sealant (36) is arranged. 9. The device according to any one of items 5 to 9. 11. Method for making dentures or partial dentures from polymerizable plastics And, On the one hand, by the plaster model, and on the other hand, by the upper part of the mold (which retains the tooth implants). ) that surrounds the entire open surface of the plaster model. in a polymerization vessel filled and under pressure, containing the plaster model and the upper part of the mold. This is a method in which polymerization occurs in a cuvette, and the injectable plastic is used as a denture. It is injected into the cavity at the center of the model, and is evenly distributed from the bottom to the top. It is poured into the model cavities arranged in the orthogonal direction, and the central cavity is filled with at least the model cavity. They are filled together to the height of the mold cavity and are kept under pressure during polymerization. How to characterize it. 12. In at least one opening in the lower part of the base of the plaster model, at the latest Claim 1, wherein a pressure lower than that in the model cavity is maintained during the joining process. The method described in Section 1. 13. placed in a cuvette, consisting of two parts, and to be filled A denture making mold with a plaster model with a plastic injection tube surrounding the denture cavity. Then, an injection container (52) is placed at the top or bottom (50, 51) of the plaster model. installation, from which a plurality of tubes (53) are introduced into the model cavity (54), and An injection container (52) formed to be airtightly sealed with a lid (56) is connected to the injection pipe (3). Claim 11 or is the denture making mold described in item 12. 14. The internal pressure generator (55) is a compression piston introduced into the lid (56). (58') according to claim 13. A mold for making dentures. 15. The internal pressure generator (55) is a vertically elongated air bag fixed to the lid (56). (59), and the air bag is surrounded by an extension limiting grid (59'). 14. The denture making mold according to claim 13. 16. The shape of the injection container (52) is formed according to the movement of the tooth implant, On its side (70) there is at least one slit (71), which corresponds to the tube (53). according to claim 13, characterized in that: Mold for making dentures (Figure 7). 17. A pressurized polymerization container for molds for making dentures, which can be heated and has a lid. It is a pressurized container that can be closed and connected to pressure. In the upper region of the lid (72) of the pressurized container (75) or in the container wall (74). Small Claims 13 to 13, wherein at least one pressure conducting column (76) is arranged. The pressurized polymerization container according to any one of Item 16 (FIG. 7).