JPS6249390B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing an artificial blanket with a good feel by using two types of synthetic fibers with different shrinkage characteristics to obtain long and short naps, and by dividing and thinning the tips of the long fibers. In general, natural fur is made up of thin, short, and densely packed fluff for the purpose of heat retention, and thick, long prickly hairs with tapered tips to protect the fluff. Various methods have been proposed for producing artificial fur similar to natural fur. Among these, two or more types of polyester fibers having different solubility in alkali are used for the pile, and the tip of the pile is immersed in an aqueous alkaline solution to be hydrolyzed, thereby obtaining long and short piles and changing the tip of the pile. There is a method of thinning (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-4910), and by this method, artificial fur similar to natural fur can be obtained, but it is not as good as Tenzetsu Blanket in terms of texture, flexibility, and appearance. Also, with this method,
Difficult to immerse in alkaline aqueous solution, making mass production difficult. On the other hand, it has also been proposed to obtain a suede-like fabric by composing napped fibers with composite fibers, and peeling and dividing the tips or dissolving and removing one component to form fine fibers (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. (Sho 52-21468).
However, when such a composite fiber is used, the process is complicated and the cost is increased because the composite fiber is made of two or more types of polymers. As a method to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present inventors utilized the difference in dissolution rate of solvents or the difference in hydrolysis rate of hydrolyzing agents for polyester synthetic fibers to create long prickly fibers and short fluff-like fibers. We have proposed a method for manufacturing artificial fur that is made of 100% synthetic fur and has raised hairs whose tips are segmented and finely divided. (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication 1983-
31073) However, in this method, because the tips of the short fluff-like fibers are dissolved or hydrolyzed, the tips of the naps are easily worn out, and the nap density of the fluff-like naps is sometimes insufficient. Furthermore, it is necessary to treat the surface of the raised fabric with a solvent or a hydrolyzing agent to increase the concentration of the solvent or hydrolyzing agent in order to dissolve or decompose it, which poses a problem in terms of production technology. As a result of intensive studies to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention have developed a raised fabric that includes a polyester synthetic fiber with a special cross-sectional shape and a synthetic fiber with greater shrinkage than the polyester synthetic fiber. After fabrication, the fibers are subjected to shrinkage treatment, and then the tips of the fibers with a special cross-sectional shape are divided and thinned, and further,
By dyeing as necessary, the texture,
The inventors have discovered that it is possible to obtain artificial fur that is extremely similar in flexibility and appearance to natural fur, and have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a napped fabric containing, as napped fibers, a polyester synthetic fiber having a cross-sectional shape having one or more constrictions, and a synthetic fiber having a smaller fineness and greater shrinkage than the polyester synthetic fiber. The polyester synthetic fiber is then subjected to a shrinkage treatment to shrink the highly contractile synthetic fiber, and then subjected to an alkali hydrolysis treatment to divide the fiber tip into a plurality of fine fibers at the constriction of the polyester synthetic fiber. A method of manufacturing artificial fur characterized by The present invention will be explained in detail below. In the present invention, it is necessary to use synthetic fibers having a cross-sectional shape having one or more constrictions as the napped fibers. An example of its cross-sectional shape is shown in Figure 1A.
- Shown in G. All of these are obtained by spinning using a specially shaped spindle.
- Shown in G. Among the cross-sectional shapes shown in FIG. 1, shapes A to C are preferable because the tips of the napped fibers are elongated in the polishing process of the napped fabric manufacturing process, resulting in a napped state that is more similar to natural fur. The desirable range of the thickness of the napped fibers is 1 dl to 30 dl.
It is. Further, the napped fibers need to be composed of polyester synthetic fibers. The polyester is preferably a polyester having ethylene terephthalate as a main repeating unit, and polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferred. Copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate may also be used. The degree of polymerization of polyester should be selected appropriately depending on the type of polyester, the desired fiber cross-sectional shape, etc., but in general, in the case of polyethylene terephthalate, the intrinsic viscosity measured in an O-chlorophenol solution at 35°C [ η] of 0.3 to 0.6 is suitable. On the other hand, as another component, it is necessary to use synthetic fibers that have a smaller fineness and greater shrinkage than the fibers having the constricted cross-sectional shape. Examples of highly shrinkable synthetic fibers include heat-shrinkable fibers and fibers that shrink due to crimp. In this case, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, etc. are used as the polymer obtained by selecting the polymer or controlling the thermal history after spinning. Among others, polyester is effective, especially -
Polyester having an SO ₃ Me group (Me is a metal element) is desirable in terms of texture and color effect. Polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with neopentyl glycol is also effective. can be obtained by methods such as conjugation, false twisting, air jetting, and abrasion. The degree of shrinkage is preferably as high as possible, but it is more preferable that the degree of shrinkage is 20 to
50% greater shrinkage is desirable. The preferable range of the fineness of the shrinkable fiber is 0.1 to 10 dl, particularly 0.5 to 5 dl. The effect is even greater when used in combination with. In order to obtain a raised fabric using the two types of synthetic fibers explained above, there are methods of flocking the synthetic fibers onto a fabric such as knitted fabric, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, etc., knitting into a pile knitted fabric, and knitting with a sliver knitting machine. , a method of obtaining a pile fabric by weaving a double fabric on a double loom, and then cutting the pile warp threads that run up and down between the two fabrics and connect them with a knife, etc. The raised fabric thus obtained needs to be brushed and sheared, and then subjected to a shrinkage treatment to shrink the highly shrinkable synthetic fibers. As the treatment method, dry heat treatment, steam treatment, hot water treatment, etc. are applied. As a result,
A raised fabric with two layers, long and short, is obtained. The density of the raised fabric is 3000 to 15000/
cm ³ and the nape length is 10 to 50 mm. Next, the napped surface is treated with a decomposition agent for polyester synthetic fibers to decompose the constricted part of the polyester synthetic fibers having a special cross-sectional shape, and the tip of the synthetic napped fibers is divided into a plurality of pieces and finely divided. Examples of decomposing agents for polyester synthetic fibers include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and soda carbonate. The concentration of these decomposing agents is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected depending on the type, cross-sectional shape, thickness, desired degree of division and fineness, heat treatment temperature, etc. of the synthetic fiber to be applied. In this case, it is desirable to add or use a quaternary ammonium salt such as lauryldimethylpenzylammonium chloride or cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride in combination, since this accelerates the hydrolysis of the polyester fibers. As a method for treating the raised surface of a raised fabric with a decomposing agent, a method may be used in which the raised surface is immersed in a hydrolyzing agent solution; however, in this method, (1) the liquid bath scatters during treatment; Dangerous and difficult to handle. (2) Since the dissolution and decomposition treatment is carried out while immersed in a liquid bath for a certain period of time, batch treatment is inevitable, resulting in poor treatment efficiency. (3) It is relatively difficult to control the degree of division at the tip and the length and length of the napped fibers. (4) Width 92 to 150 cm when implemented on an industrial scale;
It is technically difficult to uniformly apply alkali treatment to a pile fabric with a length of 30 to 50 m while keeping the pile tip immersed in an aqueous alkaline solution for a long time. There are problems as mentioned above. In order to solve this problem, it is particularly preferable to adopt a method in which the decomposing agent is dissolved in a viscous medium and applied as a viscous processing agent. The viscosity of this viscous treatment agent must be within the range of 1,000 to 15,000 centihoise. It is necessary that the viscosity be within 1000 centihoise. Viscosity is 1000
If it is less than centimeters, the fluidity of the treatment agent is too high, and the treatment agent attached to the nape surface will flow down to the root of the nape, and the treatment solution will uniformly cover the nape fibers from the tip to the root. However, the entire napped fiber is uniformly dissolved or decomposed, and the tips cannot be finely divided. Furthermore, if the diameter exceeds 15,000 centivoise, it becomes difficult to handle and it becomes difficult to uniformly apply the treatment agent to the nap surface. A particularly preferred range is 3000 to 8000 centivoise. To adjust the viscosity of the viscosity agent, use natural thickeners such as wheat starch rice bran, tracanth gum, sodium alginate, locust pea gum, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, naphka crystal gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium polyacrylate, etc. A synthetic paste or synthetic paste may be added. As a method for applying the adhesive treatment agent to the surface of the nap, knife coating method, Clavier coating method, flat screen method, rotary screen method, etc. can be used. The viscosity treatment agent applied to the napped surface is prevented from flowing down due to its viscosity, and a large amount of the viscosity treatment agent adheres to the tip of the napped fiber, resulting in a large amount of solvent and decomposition agent adhering to the tip. Then, the tip is finely divided. The napped fabric with the viscous treatment agent attached to the napped surface may be left as it is to dissolve and decompose the napped fibers, or if necessary, the solution and decomposition action can be accelerated by heat treatment. You may let them. Heat treatment makes it possible to shorten the treatment time and make the process continuous, so it is a preferred embodiment for industrial implementation. Examples of heat treatment methods include the following methods. (1) Dry heat method: 30 seconds or more in a dry heat atmosphere of 130 to 200℃
How to heat for 20 minutes. (2) Steaming method: A method of heating in a saturated steam atmosphere at 100 to 130°C for 5 to 40 minutes. (3) Superheated evaporation method: A method of heating in a superheated steam atmosphere at 130 to 200°C for 5 to 30 minutes. Among them, (2) steaming method is particularly suitable for the present invention. When a viscous treatment agent is used, the liquid bath does not scatter, and uniform continuous treatment is possible, making it easier to control the length of the napped fibers, the division of the tips, and the degree of thinning. In addition to this advantage, compared to the case of immersion treatment in a solution, the hair length after treatment becomes more uniform, and the appearance is similar to that of natural fur. The raised fabric thus obtained is dyed or printed according to a conventional method. In this case, if the highly shrinkable polyester fiber contains -SO ₃ Me groups,
Only the general fibers can be dyed with cationic dyes, which is effective in diversifying colors. Coating the surface of the thus obtained long and short napped fibers with a silicone polymer is an extremely effective means of bringing the texture closer to that of natural fur.
To form a silicone polymer film, (1) a mixture of polyepoxide and aminosiloxane, (2) a mixture of epoxysiloxane and polyamine, (3) a mixture of epoxysiloxane and aminosiloxane, (4) a mixture of epoxysiloxane and aminosilane, etc. The fibers may be treated to harden the silicone polymer on the surface of the fibers. After that, if necessary, the back side is treated with urethane resin rubber, etc. to make artificial fur. The napped fabric thus obtained is composed of long and short napped fibers consisting of long and thick prickly hair components whose tips are divided into fine fineness and sharpened tips, and thin and short fluff components made of contractile fibers. It has a soft texture and does not feel stiff when it comes in contact with the skin, and has a texture and appearance similar to natural fur, so it can be widely used as a lining for outer clothing and for other fur applications. In particular, according to the method of the present invention, the density of the fluff component is higher than that of the conventional method, making it difficult to see the base fabric, and it also has excellent abrasion resistance and fibrillation resistance, and it is easy to separate the ends of the prickly hair component, making it easier to produce. It also has high stability. The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.60 measured in orthochlorophenol at 35°C was melted at 310°C, and four main holes with a diameter of 0.3 mm and a width of 0.06 mm were formed as shown in Figure 2c. It was spun from a spinneret with 50 nozzles connected by slits of 0.15 mm in length and wound at 600 m/min. After stretching the tow of this spun yarn in a water bath at 70°C to 3.3 times,
This tow was passed through a stuffing box type crimper to give crimps, and after being set at dry heat at 140° C. for 30 minutes, it was cut into 64 mm stable fibers.
The fineness of the obtained stable fiber was 30dl.
Its cross-sectional shape was constricted as shown in Figure 1c, and the shrinkage rate during dry heat treatment at 100°C was 3%. On the other hand, modified polyethylene terephthalate was copolymerized with two types of 2.0 mol% sodium 3.5-di(carboxy)benzenesulfonate whose intrinsic viscosities were 0.50 and 0.38, respectively, as measured in an orthochlorophenol solution at 35°C. were melted separately, spun side by side at a ratio of 1:1 through a circular spinneret with a hole diameter of 0.3 mm, and wound at 600 m/min. A tow obtained by doubling this spun yarn was stretched 4.0 times in a water bath at 70°C, and then cut into a length of 38 mm to obtain a stable fiber with a fineness of 2 dl. The shrinkage rate of this fiber due to the development of three-dimensional crimp during dry heat treatment at 100°C was 30%. The two types of staple fibers thus obtained were mixed at a weight ratio of 40:60, and this was applied to a card machine to produce a sliver of 100 gelens. This sliver was knitted using a sliver knitting machine manufactured by Wildman, USA. In this case, the back thread is 100% polyester 14/
- Spun yarn was used. After splitting the knitted tube, the pile was cut into lengths of about 2 cm by shearing, then back-coated with acrylic resin and heated at 130°C. As a result, the pile was fixed, and the highly contractible fibers developed three-dimensional crimp, shrinking by about 30% compared to the constricted cross-sectional fibers, resulting in a long and short raised fabric. Next, polishing was performed three times at temperatures of 200°C, 160°C and 120°C to remove the crimps of the napped fibers of the constricted cross-sectional fiber component. After that, further shearing was performed to adjust the length of the long standing hair to 2 cm, and the hair was then styled. The napped density of the obtained napped fabric was 9000 lines/cm ³ . Next, an aqueous treatment agent (viscosity 6000 centipoise) containing 25% caustic soda and 2.5% sodium alginate was coated on the nape surface by a screen method to a coating amount of 1.2 g/cm ³ . After that, without drying,
A steam treatment was performed at 100°C for 20 minutes in a steam treatment apparatus, followed by washing with water and drying. The raised fabric obtained in this way,

[Formula] The structural unit

Epoxysiloxane 72, which consists of the structural unit of [formula], has a degree of epoxidation of 1% by weight, and has -Si(CH ₃ ) at both ends.
Weight part and

After being immersed in a 1% emulsion of a mixture containing 6 parts by weight of aminosilane having the structure [formula], deliquified, and dried, 140%
It was heated and cured at ℃ for 1 minute. The raised part of the raised fabric treated in this way consists of long, thick prickly hairs and short, three-dimensionally crimped, thin fluff, and the tips of the prickly hairs are divided into four thin fibers. , and the tips of the single fibers were tapered. It was soft to the touch, similar in appearance to natural fur, and had excellent abrasion resistance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the cross-sectional shape of the polyester synthetic fiber used in the present invention, and Figure 2 is a plan view of a nozzle used when spinning the polyester synthetic fiber having the cross-sectional shape shown in Figure 1. be.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A polyester synthetic fiber having a cross-sectional shape with one or more constrictions and a synthetic fiber having a smaller fineness and greater shrinkage than the polyester synthetic fiber are used as napped fibers. A raised fabric containing the polyester-based synthetic fibers is prepared, and then subjected to a shrinkage treatment to shrink the synthetic fibers with high shrinkage, and then subjected to an alkali hydrolysis treatment to cause the fibers to form at the constriction of the polyester synthetic fibers. A method for manufacturing an artificial blanket characterized by dividing and thinning the tip into a plurality of pieces. 2 Hydrolyzing polyester synthetic fibers with alkali
The method according to claim 1, which uses a viscosity processing agent of 15,000 centipoise. 3 Synthetic fibers with high shrinkage are -SO ₃ Me group (Me
represents a metal element). 4. The method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the highly shrinkable synthetic fiber is a heat-shrinkable fiber. 5. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the highly contractile synthetic fiber is a crimp type fiber.