JPS6248029B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing and a formwork for constructing concrete structures.

For more details, see concrete foundations for fixing the legs of steel towers, retaining walls, bridge abutments and piers, for construction, for civil engineering,
This article relates to methods for manufacturing concrete structures used in other construction projects and formwork for construction.

Conventionally, the method of manufacturing concrete structures that has been commonly used is to assemble unit forms made of wood panels, iron or synthetic resin into the desired shape, and then pour concrete into the form. However, the drawback is that it requires a lot of effort to assemble and remove these formworks at the construction site, and in particular, the creation and assembly of formworks with complex shapes requires skilled workers. In addition, there were problems in that creating the formwork required transporting a large amount of materials to the construction site, which increased transportation costs.

In particular, construction work such as new construction or renovation of power transmission line towers that transport electricity is more often carried out in mountainous areas than in flat areas, and in particular, construction of high-voltage power transmission line towers is extremely often carried out in remote mountainous areas. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to transport the necessary materials for this construction.
Since it is almost impossible to transport materials from the ground, we currently rely on aerial transport such as helicopters to transport materials. In addition, the construction of these steel towers is the same as that on flat land, starting with material transportation, excavation of the ground, concrete pouring, complex-shaped formwork, concrete pouring, removal of formwork, backfilling, etc.
It also requires a great deal of labor and time to take care of the collected formwork and transport it to the next construction area.

The inventors of the present invention have carried out various researches to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and as a result, we have developed a method for manufacturing concrete structures that is inexpensive, requires a small amount, uses lightweight formwork materials, and is extremely easy to construct. Continuing from No. 125712, Japanese Patent Application No. 54-35435, namely (a) make a cage-like frame, b provide a sheet or film around the outer periphery of the frame to form a formwork, and c pour concrete into it. , in the method of manufacturing a structure, proposed a completely new method of manufacturing a structure in which (b) an outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete is provided on a part of the outer periphery of the formwork.

However, Japanese Patent Application No. 54-35435 also has a relatively complicated problem when providing a sheet or film around the outer periphery of a cage-like frame, and it has been found that it is desirable to improve the construction.

In this patent application, for example, the diameter of the uppermost member of the cage-like frame is the same as the diameter of the lower member in contact with the ground, and the center axis of the frame is perpendicular to the horizontal ground, and is cylindrical or square. In the case of columns, etc., the connecting members connecting the upper and lower members can be installed in parallel positions.
It is relatively easy to wrap both longitudinal ends of a sheet or film (width: can be easily done. In other words, if the cage frame is cylindrical or prismatic,
There should be gaps between the stacked sheets or films so that the frame has mechanical strength that can withstand the lateral pressure caused by pouring concrete and prevents leakage and seepage of poured concrete and moisture. It is relatively easy to wind sheets or films in multiple layers so that they are tightly and airtight.
However, in cases where the diameter of the upper member and the lower member of the cage-like frame are different, for example, the shape is truncated conical or truncated pyramid-like, or when the central axis of the cage-like frame is on horizontal ground. In the case of a frame that is inclined, for example, in the shape of a rotating body with a trapezoidal cross section, the connecting members that connect the upper and lower members cannot be installed in parallel positions with respect to the central axis of the frame. . On the outer periphery of such a shaped frame,
When wrapping both longitudinal ends of a wide sheet or film approximately parallel to the surface (approximately horizontal) that constitutes the upper or lower member of the frame, one longitudinal end of the film on the lower member side The other end of the film on the upper member side can be placed in close contact with the outer periphery of the frame, but since the outer periphery of the frame on the upper member side is shorter than the outer periphery of the upper member side, the other end of the film on the upper member side is quite far away from the outer periphery of the frame. , a space is created. This problem is particularly common with wide sheets or films that have poor flexibility. For this purpose, one end of the lower member side of the sheet or film that was previously wound around the outer periphery of the frame is brought into close contact with one end of the upper member side of the sheet or film that is subsequently wound in a spiral shape for overlapping. in a state of
It has been found that multiple wrapping of sheets or films is a relatively complicated problem.

As mentioned above, the present inventors have discovered the comparative problems encountered when providing a sheet or film on the outer periphery of a cage-like frame in the case of a rotating body having a truncated conical shape, a truncated pyramidal shape, a trapezoidal cross section, etc. As a result of continuing intensive research to further simplify this complicated problem, we discovered that it could be solved at once by providing a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or heat-shrinkable stretched film on a part of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame. Ta. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the weight of the formwork material can be further reduced by providing an outer frame made of synthetic resin reinforced with a metal net or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal net on a part of the other outer periphery, The present invention has now been completed.

That is, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a structure in which (a) a cage-like frame is made, b a sheet or film is provided around the outer periphery of the frame to form a formwork, and c concrete is poured into the frame. b) As the formwork, an outer frame made of synthetic resin reinforced with metal netting or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with metal netting is provided on at least the part of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame that is exposed above the ground as a structure. , and a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film is provided on the outer periphery of at least another basket-shaped frame that is not covered with the outer frame, and a method for producing a structure, and a structure for use in the structure. The formwork is made of synthetic resin and is reinforced with metal netting on at least the part of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame that is exposed above the ground as a structure (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "above-ground exposed part, etc."). Or, an outer frame made of inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal net is provided, and at least the outer periphery of another basket-shaped frame that is not covered by the outer frame (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as "other outer periphery") This is a formwork for a structure, characterized in that it is provided with a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film.

The present invention has a cage-like frame that can be easily made from lightweight materials, and the exposed part of the cage-like frame above the ground is reinforced with metal netting. An outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete that is thinner and lighter than the
After simply providing a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film on the other outer periphery, for example, simply pouring a small amount of hot water onto the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or film will make the sheet or film. The formwork can be made airtight and have excellent mechanical strength because it is in close contact with the outer periphery of the cage-like frame, and no skilled workers are required. 2 The formwork can be made at the construction site or transported and used as a pre-made formwork, if necessary, but the materials used for this are different from those for conventional panel assembly formwork, etc. Since it is extremely inexpensive, requires a small amount, and is lightweight, material costs and transportation costs can be greatly reduced. 3
In the conventional method, it is necessary to remove the formwork and finish the surface of the structure after pouring concrete into the formwork, but with the manufacturing method of the present invention, at least the surface of the structure exposed above the ground has strength and durability. The outer frame is made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete, reinforced with a metal mesh with excellent smoothness and smoothness, so surface finishing is unnecessary. Further, the mold portion provided with the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or heat-shrinkable stretched film can be buried as is and used as a structure. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a structure and a formwork that have many advantages that have not been seen in the past.

The cage-like frame in the present invention is formed using a frame in which plate-shaped, tubular, linear, etc. frame forming materials are connected or tied together and reinforced as necessary. It has a structure that can maintain the necessary shape as a structure. Also,
The frame can take any shape depending on the shape required for the structure, such as a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylinder shape, a prismatic shape, a polygonal truncated pyramid shape, a truncated conical shape, a truncated elliptic conical shape, etc. I can give an example.

Materials for forming the cage-like frame include metals,
Synthetic resins, wood, concrete, etc. can be used without difficulty. Moreover, two or more of these materials can also be used in combination. Examples of the material include wrapping a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film around a cage-like frame, which will be described later.
and in the process of placing concrete inside the formwork,
The cage-like frame is not particularly limited as long as it has the strength to maintain the desired shape as a structure, but from the viewpoint of processability and workability when manufacturing the frame, and durability, for example, It is preferable to use metals such as iron, brass, copper, aluminum, and stainless steel. Further, the shape of the material forming the basket-like frame may be any shape such as plate, rod, wire, or tube, and there is no problem in using two or more of these materials in combination, and there are no particular limitations. It's not something you can do.

In the present invention, the formwork in which a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film is provided on the outer periphery of a cage-like frame refers to a formwork in which a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film is provided on the outer periphery of the above-mentioned cage-like frame. It is covered or wrapped to create a space on the inside, and is continuous with an outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal wire mesh, which forms part of the outer periphery, and is continuous with the outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete. A desired structure can be formed by filling the inside of the outer frame and the formwork provided with the sheet or film with concrete. The sheet or film used may have any width and thickness and may be wrapped around the outer periphery of the frame any number of times.

In the present invention, the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or heat-shrinkable stretched film used on the outer periphery of the frame refers to the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or heat-shrinkable stretched film that is used by placing concrete inside the formwork after heat shrinking. The material is not limited in any way as long as it can sufficiently withstand the lateral pressure that occurs, prevent leakage or seepage of concrete or water, and sufficiently harden the concrete.

These heat-shrinkable stretched sheets or heat-shrinkable stretched films include a so-called uniaxially stretched film that functionally shrinks mainly in one direction (vertical or horizontal direction) by heating (e.g., hot water, hot air, etc.); There are so-called biaxially stretched films that shrink to approximately the same extent in both horizontal directions, and heat-shrinkable stretched sheets or heat-shrinkable sheets made of vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, polyester resin, polystyrene resin, polyamide resin, etc. An example is a stretched film. In addition, in the present invention, the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or heat-shrinkable stretched film may be used alone or in combination with two or more types, but it does not matter when the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or film is functionally It is particularly preferable to use a so-called longitudinally uniaxially stretched sheet or film.

For example, if the cage-like frame has a truncated conical shape, a wide heat-shrinkable longitudinal uniaxially stretched film is applied to the outer periphery of the frame, approximately parallel to the plane (approximately horizontal) that constitutes the upper member of the frame. In the case of winding the sheet while positioning both end lines in the longitudinal direction, the end of the heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched sheet can be wound tightly around the outer periphery of the frame; As mentioned above, at the end of the stretched sheet on the upper member side, the outer circumferential distance of the frame is shorter than the outer circumference on the lower member side, so a gap or space is created between the heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched sheet and the frame at that position. That's right. However, even if the sheet end on the upper member side of the heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched sheet does not come into close contact with the outer periphery of the truncated conical cage frame and there is a gap, it can be heated in the longitudinal uniaxial direction, i.e. Since the edge of the sheet on the upper member side particularly contracts, there is no gap or space, and the heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched film tightly adheres to the outer periphery. If appropriate, a heat-shrinkable longitudinally biaxially stretched film with shrinkage degrees set in both the vertical and horizontal directions may also be used, but in this case, shrinkage also occurs in the horizontal direction, and the width of the heat-shrinkable stretched film wound around the cage-like frame is small. Therefore, there is a disadvantage in that it generally has to be wound in multiple layers compared to a heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched film.

Furthermore, when compared with a non-shrinkable, unstretched sheet or film made of the same material, a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film has, in addition to the above-mentioned heat shrinkability, a marked increase in mechanical strength due to stretching. This has the advantage that the amount used can be reduced compared to non-shrinkable, non-stretched sheets or films.
From the viewpoint of heat shrinkability and mechanical strength, the heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or film suitable for use in the present invention is a biaxially stretched sheet or film that has a heat shrinkage rate of 15% or more in both length and width at 100°C. It is preferable to use a longitudinally uniaxially stretched sheet or film, preferably having a heat shrinkage rate of 15% or more in the longitudinal direction at 100°C.

The thickness of the sheet or film used in the formwork is not particularly limited, as the number of turns can be changed from single to multiple windings depending on the strength required for the formwork.

In the present invention, the outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal net has any shape necessary for a desired structure and can cover a cage-like frame, for example. cylindrical,
An outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a hollow metal mesh such as an elliptical cylinder, a prism, a polygonal truncated pyramid, a truncated cone, and a truncated elliptic cone. When concrete is poured into the frame, it has the strength to withstand the lateral pressure generated by the concrete and maintain the desired shape of the structure, and after the concrete hardens, it forms the outer surface of the structure. It is a frame that merges as it moves.

The synthetic resin in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has properties such as strength and cohesion as described above, but examples of thermosetting resins include polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, Melamine resins, xylene resins, toluene resins, etc., and mixed or co-condensed resins thereof can be mentioned, and thermoplastic resins include vinyl chloride resins, vinyl acetate resins, acrylic resins, polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, and polystyrene. Examples include resins, and mixed or copolymer resins thereof.

The inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete in the present invention refers to a cured product of a composition comprising inorganic fibers, inorganic cement, water, and, if necessary, aggregate such as sand and/or gravel. Examples of inorganic cement include Portland cement. , self-hardening cements such as alumina cement, expanded cement, and calcined gypsum; latent hydraulic cements such as lime slag cement, blast furnace cement, high sulfate slag cement, and Keens cement; and even lime-silicate mixed cements. There are mixed cements, and as the inorganic fibers, artificial or natural inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, metal fibers, rock fibers, slag fibers, asbestos, etc. are used, but glass fibers are most preferable from the viewpoint of reinforcing effect. Alkali-resistant glass fiber can be used.

In the present invention, the metallic net refers to one knitted with metal wire, punched metal, metal lath boat, etc., and the material having the net-like structure is iron, brass,
It is made of copper, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. The material of this metal mesh and the size of the network structure are not particularly limited, and the shape, size, and purpose of the outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with the metal mesh, etc. Depending on the mechanical strength to be reinforced, wire mesh made of the same material or other types of wire mesh may be selected and used in combination, or one wire mesh or two or more wire meshes may be used. However, in general, the material is iron, and the mesh size of wire mesh is 10 on each side.
For metal lath boards, those with a mesh length of 30 to 150 mm and a mesh width of 10 to 50 mm can be conveniently used. The outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with these metal nets can be made thinner to about 50% or less of the thickness of a conventional outer frame due to the reinforcing action of the metal net. It is extremely lightweight and has the advantage of being easy to transport, and the thickness of these outer frames is particularly
10 mm or less may be advantageously used.

The synthetic resin outer frame reinforced with a metal mesh according to the present invention can be molded into any desired shape as described above using ordinary molding techniques. for example,
A metal mesh is placed near the inner wall of a mold with a shape suitable for giving the shape of the outer frame, and then a synthetic resin material is added and then molded. A method of forming an outer frame with a plurality of metallic meshes in it using a mold, and then combining or joining the divided outer frame parts to form an outer frame; Examples include a method of cutting a resin plate into a predetermined shape and then gluing or fusing the cut portions to form an outer frame.

The synthetic resin outer frame reinforced with the metal mesh mentioned above may be made of inorganic fibers, especially polyester resin, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc. reinforced with glass fiber, as it is lightweight and has excellent strength and durability. It is preferable to use an outer frame made of glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin reinforced with a metal net, but among these, glass fiber-reinforced polyester (hereinafter referred to as " It is particularly preferable to use an outer frame made of FRP (sometimes abbreviated as "FRP").

The raw materials for this polyester resin are mainly unsaturated dibasic acids, saturated dibasic acids, dihydric alcohols,
Vinyl monomers are generally used, and the properties of the resin, curing characteristics, properties of the cured product, etc. can be adjusted by combining the type and amount of vinyl monomers. Examples of unsaturated dibasic acids include maleic anhydride and fumaric acid; examples of saturated dibasic acids include phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, adipic acid,
Sebacic acid, 3,6 endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, etc., and dihydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,
2-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hydrogenated bisphenol A.2.2-bis(4-oxyethoxyphenol)propane,
2,2-bis(4-oxypropioxyphenyl)propane, etc. are used, and as vinyl monomers, styrene, vinyltoluene, dialphthalate, methyl methacrylate, triacyl anuric acid, triallyl phosphoric acid, etc. are used.

Further, the glass fiber is not particularly limited, and as long as it is generally commercially available for FRP, one type or a combination of two or more of these materials can be used. These materials typically include rovings, 3 to 35 microns,
Roving cloth, chop strand pine,
Tip strands, glass cloth, laminate, etc. can be used depending on the molding method and the strength required for the molded product, but the thinner the fineness, the higher the strength, and the better the flexibility and abrasion resistance. Moreover, it is preferable to use a thin one because it also improves the impregnating property of the polyester resin.

In order to form the outer frame of the present invention from the above-mentioned polyester resin raw materials, glass fibers, and metal mesh, molding methods include the Primix method, mated die method, hand lay-up method, spray-up method,
There are various methods such as filament winding method and resin injecting method, but for example, the hand lay-up method is used to form a cylindrical outer frame. After applying a thin layer of mold release agent for FRP (manufactured by Koshin Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Bonlease H) on top, liquid polyester resin (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied.
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide curing agent (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd., trade name Permeck N) is 1% by solubility in relation to Polyset PS-2182APT-S (trade name: Polyset PS-2182APT-S).
The mixed solution was impregnated with 450 g/M ² into a glass fiber mat having a predetermined size (Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd., Chip Strand Mat MC450A), and then applied onto the mold surface. A sheet of iron wire mesh with a wire diameter of 1.0 mm and a mesh size of 10 x 10 mm is placed on top, and the glass fiber mat is rolled together with the wire mesh to defoam. After defoaming, a glass fiber mat impregnated with a liquid polyester resin and a hardening agent is further layered, and laminated to a thickness of, for example, 3 mm, depending on the desired strength after molding, using a similar rolling operation. After lamination,
After curing by leaving it at room temperature for about 2 hours, it is removed from the stainless steel mold to create a gutter-shaped two-part outer frame with a smooth outer surface and a semicircular cross section. Two of these FRP frames can be combined and used as a hollow cylindrical outer frame.

The outer frame made of inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal mesh according to the present invention can also be formed into any desired shape as described above using ordinary forming techniques. Spray up method, hand lay up method, primix method, and other methods are used to form the outer frame. For example, the spray up method is used to form a cylindrical outer frame. A mold release agent for glass fiber reinforced cement (manufactured by Chemiskus Kogyo Co., Ltd.: trade name: Chemiskus WS) is placed on the surface of the gutter-shaped stainless steel plate mold.
After applying a thin layer of 1.2 mm wire diameter, a sheet of iron wire mesh with a hexagonal mesh structure (long diameter 1.5 mm) is placed, and on top of this, 100 parts by weight of cement, about 60 parts by weight of sand, and about 35 parts by weight of water are placed. cement mortar mixed with
Alkali-resistant glass fiber (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.: product name)
cem-FIL roving) is cut into 25 to 40 mm pieces, sprayed with 3 to 7% by weight based on the weight of the cement mortar while mixing using two spray guns, rolled, and defoamed. Depending on the desired strength after molding, the same process of spraying cement mortar and glass fibers is repeated to form layers to a thickness of, for example, 3 mm. Once the desired thickness has been reached, leave it at room temperature for about 24 hours to harden, then remove it from the stainless steel mold and form a gutter-shaped 2 piece with a smooth outer surface and a semicircular cross section.
You can create divided outer frames. Two frames made of glass fiber-reinforced concrete having a two-part shape can be combined and used as a hollow cylindrical outer frame.

The shape of the outer frame in the present invention depends on the desired shape of the structure as described above, for example, cylindrical, elliptical cylindrical, prismatic, polygonal truncated pyramid, truncated conical, truncated pyramid, etc. It can be easily formed into any shape using the method described above, but in order to firmly bond the concrete within the outer frame and prevent separation as much as possible, it is necessary to form the concrete into the inner wall of the outer frame. Preferably, the ribs or joints are provided in the axial direction, that is, in the direction from the bottom to the top of the outer frame. By providing the ribs or the joints on the inner wall of the outer frame, the outer frame is mechanically reinforced, which not only reduces the amount of materials used to manufacture the outer frame, but also prevents the ribs or the joints from digging into the concrete. As a result, the outer frame is more firmly bonded to the concrete. In addition, for example, in the case of an outer frame made of FRP, small particles of inorganic substances such as sand or alkali-resistant glass fibers may be sprayed or removed on the inner wall of the outer frame before the polyester resin hardens when creating the outer frame. It is also preferable to make the inner wall uneven to form a strong bond with the concrete.
Furthermore, if the outer frame has a sharp edge, it is likely to be damaged when it receives some external force, so it is better to have an inwardly curved edge at the top of the outer frame. This is preferable as the shape of the outer frame in terms of strength as well.

The outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal wire mesh in the present invention is constructed as a part of the surface of the structure as follows.

When constructing a structure, for example, a foundation structure or a structure for fixing the legs of a steel tower, on-site, the ground is first excavated and a borehole is created, then the desired position at the bottom of the borehole is A cage-like frame is made at the location, the frame is fixed by simple installation, and then concrete is poured into the bottom of the excavation hole and a part of the bottom of the cage-like frame to harden it. After the concrete hardens, the top of the cage-like frame is aligned with the top of an outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal net, and a part of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame is After covering with an outer frame, a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film is provided around the outer periphery of the other cage-like frames that are not covered, including the lower part of the outer frame, and after heat-shrinking, a formwork is formed. After that, concrete was poured into the formwork and the outer frame from the top opening of the outer frame, hardened, and the exposed above ground portions were reinforced with metal mesh.
It can be a structure with an outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete.

At this time, the height of the outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a metal mesh provided on a part of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame depends on the size of the structure and the size of the excavation hole. Of course, it can be determined as appropriate depending on the depth, backfill depth, surrounding environmental conditions, etc. Further, the outer frame of the present invention may be composed of one outer frame made of synthetic resin or inorganic fiber-reinforced concrete reinforced with a hollow cylindrical metal net, or two or more outer frames may be used as necessary. It may also be used by connecting individual outer frames in the axial direction of the frames.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

Structure for fixing the legs of high-voltage power transmission line towers (10° inclination, truncated conical shape, upper diameter 0.6 mφ, lower diameter 1.5 m
φ, height 2.5m), first excavate the target ground to a depth of 2.2m and create excavation hole 1. A concrete block 13 is provided at the bottom of the excavation hole, a steel tower support member 3 is placed on top of the concrete block 13, and a steel tower support 2 is fixed on top of it with a support 4 at an angle of inclination of 10°. Next, the frame-forming upper member 5 and the frame-forming lower member 6 (30 m/mL type steel) are positioned and fixed at a height of 2.5 m above and below the tower support 2 as the center. Frame forming upper member 5
The frame forming lower member 6 is provided with 12 connecting member adhesive parts 8 at regular intervals for connecting the connecting members 7 to form a basket-shaped frame, and the 12 connecting members 7 (3.2
m/mφ steel wire) was tied under tension. Connecting member 7 in the basket-shaped frame thus created
In order to maintain the shape and dimensional accuracy of the frame when tightening with heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched film in the later process, and to provide sufficient strength against the lateral pressure during concrete pouring, the frame is formed Intermediate holding members 9 (6 m/mφ steel rods) are set at three locations between the upper member 5 and the frame-forming lower member 6 to reinforce and retain the shape of the connecting member 7. Next, sacrificial concrete 10 is placed. After the concrete has hardened, it is shaped like a hollow truncated cone with a chamfered top and an upper diameter of 0.62 mφ and a lower diameter of 1.02 mm.
mφ, height 1.0m outer frame 11 (the part corresponding to the aboveground part is approximately 0.3m, the part corresponding to the underground part is approximately 0.7m)
m), wire diameter 1.2 mm, hexagonal mesh structure (major axis 15
Thickness 2.5 mm) reinforced with one iron wire mesh
The top of the outer frame 11 is placed at the same height as the top frame forming upper member 5 of the basket-shaped frame to form a basket-shaped frame. cover. Next, from the bottom position of the outer frame 11 downward, the outer periphery of the connecting member 7 including the bottom of the outer frame 11 is covered with a heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched vinyl chloride resin film 12 (thickness: 0.050 m/m, 420 m/m).
m/m width, roll winding; heat shrinkage rate at 100℃,
The heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched vinyl chloride resin film 12 is stacked in approximately five layers toward the frame-forming lower member in a spiral shape approximately parallel to the surface of the frame-forming upper member 5 (50% vertically and 2% horizontally). At the same time, I wrapped it in multiple layers up to the surface of the concrete. If the film 12 is simply wound multiple times, the cross section of the leg fixing structure will be approximately trapezoidal and the connecting portions 7 will not be parallel.
Since there is a gap at the end of the spirally wound film 12 on the side of the upper member 5 in the longitudinal direction, the chicks are formed by multiple winding. Approximately 12 times the film
When about 4 hours of boiling water at 95°C was poured, the hot water traveled through the gaps and the chicks, and by the time it reached the concrete below, the heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched vinyl chloride resin film 12 had moved in the direction of the outer periphery of the cage-like frame. It contracted tightly and became completely devoid of chicks. For the formwork thus produced, concrete is poured into the formwork from the top opening of the outer frame 11 made of glass fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with a steel wire mesh, and after the concrete has hardened, an excavation hole 1 is excavated as it is. The structure was completed by backfilling to the previous ground level.

The structure for fixing the tower legs constructed as described above uses steel wire, which has stronger mechanical strength, than the conventional wood panel construction method or unit formwork construction method, such as iron or synthetic resin. Moreover, it is a material with a simple shape such as a heat-shrinkable stretched film and a thin glass fiber reinforced concrete outer frame reinforced with iron wire mesh, and it is very easy to transport because it is small and extremely lightweight.

In addition, the creation of the basket-shaped frame, the creation of the formwork, and the shoring work are extremely easy and light work, and in particular, when wrapping a sheet or film around the outer periphery of the cage-shaped frame with the conventional method, it is necessary to carefully remove the chicks. A considerable amount of time and effort was required to prevent leakage and oozing of cement, etc., which is wrapped around the mold and cast, but in the present invention, this time and effort is not required because the heat-shrinkable stretched film shrinks by heating. The labor and time required to create the tower were significantly reduced to less than 1/3 of the conventional method, and the structure for fixing the legs of a high-voltage power transmission tower was completed by burying the legs as they were in the excavated hole below the ground. As a result, the labor and time necessary for disassembling and removing the formwork, caring for the recovered formwork, transporting it to the next construction area, etc. required by conventional methods were completely unnecessary.

In addition, the strength of the structure of the present invention is comparable to that of structures manufactured by conventional methods and is fully satisfactory, especially the outer frame made of glass fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with metal mesh. Because it was used, it not only strongly integrated with the poured concrete but also had an excellent appearance.

As described above, compared to conventional construction methods for structures, the present invention does not require skilled workers for construction, and it is possible to easily construct a structure with an arbitrary shape and an aesthetic appearance in a short time. It also has many features in terms of transportation, such as minimal formwork materials and no need to remove the formwork, and is extremely innovative especially as a manufacturing method for leg structures of power transmission towers in remote mountainous areas. Its industrial significance is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a structure according to the present invention. 1... Excavation hole, 2... Steel tower support, 3... Steel tower support material cat, 4... Shoring, 5... Frame forming upper member, 6... Frame forming lower member, 7... Connecting member, 8
...Connection member connecting portion, 9...Intermediate holding member, 10
...Discarded concrete, 11...Outer frame made of glass fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with metal mesh, 12...
...Heat-shrinkable longitudinally uniaxially stretched vinyl chloride resin film,
13...Concrete block.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a structure, which comprises: (a) making a basket-shaped frame; (b) providing a sheet or film around the outer periphery of the frame to form a formwork; and (c) pouring concrete into the frame. As a formwork, an outer frame made of synthetic resin reinforced with metal netting or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with metal netting is provided on at least the part of the outer periphery of the basket-shaped frame that is exposed above the ground as a structure, and a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet on the outer periphery of at least another basket-shaped frame that is not covered with the outer frame;
Or a method for manufacturing a structure, characterized by providing a heat-shrinkable stretched film. 2. The method for manufacturing a structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is a basic structure of a building. 3. The method for manufacturing a structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is a structure for fixing the legs of a high-voltage transmission line tower. 4 Formwork for structures, made of synthetic resin reinforced with metal netting or inorganic fiber reinforced concrete reinforced with metal netting, at least on the outer periphery of the basket-shaped frame that is exposed above ground as a structure. A structure characterized in that a heat-shrinkable stretched sheet or a heat-shrinkable stretched film is provided on the outer periphery of at least another basket-shaped frame that is not covered with the outer frame. formwork for.