JPS624450A - Controller for fiber-content attritor of true grass, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention provides a wet crushing device that safely and optimally controls the compression and crushing actions in an apparatus for compressing, heating, and crushing fibrous materials such as plants of the Oriental family. Regarding equipment.

Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, the trunks, branches, leaves, and outer skins of seeds, especially rice husks, of plants belonging to the real family, etc., cannot be used as animal feed or plant fertilizers because they contain a large amount of silicic acid. Rice husks generated in large quantities at grain drying and preparation facilities are not collected by farmers, and even if they are discharged and piled up outdoors, they do not rot, making it impossible to make preventive use of the land, which is dangerous from a disaster prevention perspective. A common solution is to incinerate it, but
Even if they were to be disposed of by incineration, there was a secondary problem of air pollution due to smoke and dust.

Due to the above problems, in order to dispose of the rice husks separately and reuse them, the rice husks are fed into a molding sleeve heated by a compression screw, and the rice husks are simultaneously crushed, softened and solidified, and then transported outside the machine as a cylindrical solid. Special Publication No. 57-31943 refers to extrusion and reuse of the refined product as fuel or as pulverized industrial materials and fillers for livestock feed.
This is known as the publication No. 1, but in conventional heating devices, it is difficult to maintain optimal squeezing action and operate continuously for long periods of time, and the compression force often fluctuates due to unstable supply of raw materials, etc. When the temperature effecting section becomes under high pressure, the supplied raw material, such as rice husks, generates abnormal heat, which generates unburned gas, which explodes inside the machine, and the solid material being crushed and formed is ejected outside the machine. It is dangerous, and the supplied rice husks are compressed and stuck to the spiral body and molded cylinder of the crushing part, making it impossible to flow, causing an unacceptably high load on the required power, causing an operation stoppage, and disassembling the device for cleaning. A large amount of manpower is wasted in order to resume operation. On the other hand, if the compression force is not adjusted to a predetermined level, it will be ejected without being solidified, and there will be various problems such as difficulty in operation, such as not being able to process it into the desired product. The substance that acts on is sent from the helix with the larger transport force at the action switching part of the two helices with different transport forces! Since the 1M material is compressed by the frictional action of the helical structure whose transport force is slowed down, and the structure is destroyed and confirmed by heating, the heating temperature of the molding cylinder also affects the If the compression effect is excessive, it may cause a shutdown accident, or a large amount of low-quality products may be produced due to insufficient temperature and solidification, so we introduced a crushing device.
Since its utilization is not active, there was a need for a proposal for a new technology to eliminate the above problems along with measures for disposing of rice husks.

The present invention is an improvement made in view of the above problems,
In order to create a compressed and warm-molded solid body that is ideal for gripping and crushing,
In response to the fluctuations in the flow of the warm molded body flowing inside the molding cylinder, the supply amount is increased or decreased to uniformly control the flow resistance pressure in the warm chamber of the molded body. It is an object of the present invention to meet the above-mentioned needs by providing an apparatus that can stably process high-quality crushed molded products by continuous machining operation for a long period of time.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned needs, the present invention provides a compression spiral body with a large transport force on the raw material supply side and a molding system with a reduced transport force on the side of the crushed molded product discharge side. a spiral body for molding, and a hollow molding cylinder horizontally installed on the outer peripheral side of the spiral body for molding,
A heating device is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the forming cylinder, and a warming chamber is formed between the forming spiral and the forming cylinder, and the LJ fiber is heated from the raw material supply section by the compression spiral. In the apparatus for compressing and supplying the fibrous material to a heating chamber, hot-molding the fibrous material in the warming chamber, and discharging it from the end of the forming cylinder, a load detector is provided to detect the load of the electric motor that drives the rotating shaft. A supply amount adjustment device provided in the raw material supply section and the load detector are connected via a control device equipped with a load setting device so as to increase or decrease the raw material supply amount in accordance with the load value of the electric motor. It has a configuration in which it is connected to each other.

Effect With the above configuration, the fibrous material transported from the raw material supply section by the compression spiral is transferred by the transport action of the compression spiral and the transport in the shaping spiral at the transport force conversion section at the joint between the compression spiral and the forming spiral. It is compressed by force blunting, heated by a heating device installed in the molding cylinder to make it soft, and compressed to a high density by a molding spiral in a roughly warm atmosphere to form a molded solid body, which forms the cylinder end of the molding cylinder. This is something that is discharged from the department.

By the way, during the above operation, due to changes in the moisture content of the supplied textiles or changes in the heating temperature of the molding cylinder, the degree of compression of the textiles supplied to the warming room may be excessive, which may induce an overload on the electric motor. However, in the present invention, fluctuations in the flow resistance of the crushed solid material flowing in the molding cylinder are controlled by the electric motor. Detected by the load value, the flow resistance of the mashed compact is adjusted to a uniform load value in accordance with the load state of the motor, that is, the degree of compression-warming action in the warming chamber, so that the compression-warming action is always optimal. Since the amount of raw material supplied is controlled to increase or decrease, the dangers such as operation stoppage accidents or the generation of unburned gas and spouting of solids are eliminated, and high-quality mashing can be continued smoothly for a long time. It can be processed into molded products.

Example 1 to 3 are illustrations of embodiments of the present invention.

A shutter 4 connected to an air cylinder 3 is provided at the bottom of a supply hopper 2 provided at the upper part of the side frame 1 in FIG.
Bearings 7 and 8 are fitted to the bearings 7 and 8, and a rotating shaft 10 having a tapered portion 9 at one end is mounted on the bearings 7 and 8, and a compression spiral body 11 which reduces the transport force and reduces the transport force. A helical shaft 13 integrally formed with the molding helical body 2 is fitted into the tapered part 9 of the rotary shaft 10, and a groove wheel 14 is pivotally attached to the other end of the rotary shaft 10 so as to be rotatable. It is. The edge of a molding cylinder 17 having a conical end on one side is fixed to the opening 15 of the side frame 1 concentrically with the molding spiral 12 .
A warming chamber 16 is formed between the molding cylinder 17 and the molding cylinder 17. 18
is an annular discharge port fitted into the cylinder end of the molding cylinder 17. A large-capacity heating element 19A is provided on the outer periphery of the molding cylinder 17,
19B and the small capacity heating elements 19C and 19D are bonded together by the crimping plate 20.
A temperature sensor 22 is embedded in the molding cylinder 17.

In the raw material supply section 5, a valve plate 26 is attached to a fulcrum shaft 23, and a piece 2 is attached to a rotating rod 24 whose one end is fixed to the fulcrum shaft 23.
5 is pivoted and rotates forward and backward.

A screw shaft 28 attached to the motor 27 is screwed into the piece 25 to form a supply amount adjusting device 29.

30 is a groove wheel 14. An electric motor rotates the rotating shaft 10 via a belt 31, 32 is a load indicator, 33 is a temperature indicator, 34 is an alarm consisting of a lamp, a buzzer, etc., and 35 is a control device.

Next, the configuration of the control device shown in FIG. 3 will be explained.

The output side of the temperature detector 22 attached to the molding cylinder 17 is connected to the input side terminal of the comparator 38, 40, 42 and the temperature indicator 3.
3, and the output side of the pre-start temperature setting device 39, which is set to a temperature value (for example, 375° C.) for controlling the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 before operation, is connected to the input side other side terminal of the comparator 38. The output side of the operating temperature setting device 41 is connected to the other input terminal of the comparator 40 and is set to a temperature value (for example, 325° C.) for controlling the heating temperature of the molding cylinder 17 during continuous operation. Then, the comparator 4 connects the output side of the operation stop temperature setter 43, which has set the temperature value (for example, 250° C.) at which the air cylinder 3 and the electric motor 30 are stopped at the end of operation.
Connected to the other input side terminal of 2, and the comparison circuit 38°40.4
The respective outputs of 2 are connected to a control circuit 46.

In addition, an electromagnetic switch 36 is interposed in the circuit that connects the power terminal R-8 and the motor 30, and the electromagnetic coil MC of the electromagnetic switch 36 and the operation start push button S- are connected between the terminal R-8. T are connected in series, and a load detector 37 is interposed in relation to the circuit of the terminal T, and the output side of the load detector 37 is branched into three directions, one of which is connected to the input side terminal of the comparator 44. The other end of the branch is connected to the load indicator 32, and the flow resistance pressure within the temperature range 16 of the molded body that is optimal for the dispersion molding action, that is, the electric! A load setter 45, which has set a load value for controlling the load of the fi 30 to a constant value, is connected to the other input terminal of the comparator circuit 44, and the output side of the comparator 44 is connected to the control circuit 46.

The control circuit 46 controls the temperature values set in the pre-start temperature setting device 39 and the operating temperature setting device 41 by ±25°C.
The control circuit 46 is equipped with a function to output when there is a difference as described above, and the control circuit 46
Each switch connected to the output side of 47.48.49.50
It has a function of individually issuing signals to drive circuits 51, 52, 53.
Small capacity heating elements 19C and 190 are connected to the output side of the drive circuit 51, an alarm 34 such as a buzzer or lamp is connected to the output side of the drive circuit 52, and an air cylinder 3 is connected to the output side of the drive circuit 52. An electromagnetic switch 36 for starting or stopping the motor 30 is connected to the output side of the circuit 53, and a drive circuit 54 is connected to the output side of the circuit 53.
The motor and motor 27 of the supply amount adjusting device 29 are connected to the output side of the control device 35, respectively.

The operation of the above control device will be explained below.

When the device is powered on, the temperature of the molding cylinder 17 is detected by the temperature detector 22, and the detected value is displayed on the temperature display 3.
3 and communicates to comparator 38.40.42. Comparators 38, 40° 42 and setters 39, 41
．． When output signals different from the temperature value set at 43 are respectively communicated to the control circuit 46, switches 47.48.degree. 19B and small-capacity heating elements 190 and 19D are energized to heat the molding cylinder 17. A temperature detector 22 detects changes in the heating temperature of the molding cylinder 17.
When an output signal indicating that the detected temperature communicated to the comparator 38 becomes the same as the temperature value set in the pre-start temperature setting device 39 is communicated to the control circuit 46, the control circuit 46 A signal is sent to the alarm device 34 via the drive circuit 51, and the alarm device 51.34 is activated to notify that the preparation for operation has been completed.

Next, press the operation start button ST to ONL/start the electric motor 30, and the load value is read from the load detector 37 to the load indicator 3.
2 and the comparison circuit 44, and a signal different from the load value set in the load setting device 45 is transmitted from the comparison circuit 44 to the control circuit 4.
6, the output signal from the control circuit 46 is communicated via the drive circuit 54 to operate the air cylinder 3, open the shutter 4, and feed the textiles from the hopper 2 to the raw material supply section 5. supply In addition, the switch 47.49 is set to 0FFt by the output signal from the control circuit 46 which has received the communication from the comparison circuit 35.44, and the large capacity heating element 19A and the small capacity heating element 19G are shut off.

A spiral body 11 for compressing fibrous materials such as legumes from the supply section 5
In the process of transporting the fibrous material to the bulge chamber 16, the transporting force of the fibrous material is slowed down due to the resistance between the forming cylinder 17 and the forming spiral body 12, and the fibrous material transported to the warm room 16 is compressed and its tissue is destroyed. At the same time, it is softened by the heating action of the molding cylinder 17 heated by the heating device 21,
The fibrous material is further compressed by the pressing action of the forming spiral body 12 to increase its density, and the fibrous material is warm-molded into a solid state and discharged from the annular outlet 18 at the end of the forming cylinder 17 to the outside of the machine.

During the above-mentioned crushing operation, the output signal of the comparison circuit 44 inputting the detected load value of the load detector 37 which detected the load of the electric motor 30 and the load setting value of the load setting device 45 is communicated to the control circuit 46. , when the output signal is smaller than the load setting value, a signal outputted from the control circuit 46 via the drive circuit 54 causes the motor 27 of the supply amount adjustment device 29 of the control actuation mechanism of the resistors 24A and 24B to be adjusted to the correct value. The load setting device 45 is operated to rotate the valve plate 26 to increase the amount of fibrous material supplied, and set the flow pressure of the mashed solid material flowing inside the warming chamber 16 toward the annular discharge port 18. The load increases until it reaches the load value set in . Conversely, when the output value of the load detection value of the load detector 37 is higher than the load value set in the load setting device 45 is communicated from the comparison circuit 44 to the control circuit 46, the output value is output from the control circuit 46 via the drive circuit 54. The motor 27 is operated in reverse rotation by the signal output from the valve plate 2.
6 to reduce the amount of fibrous material supplied, reduce the flow pressure in the grasping and crushing chamber 16 of the captured and molded solid, and control the load value of the electric VJ machine 30 to be the load setting value. .

On the other hand, the detected value of the temperature detector 22 is
The output signal from the comparator circuit 4o that has been compared with the temperature value set in the setting device 41 is communicated to the control circuit 46. If the signal is lower than the temperature value set in the setting device 41, the output signal from the control circuit 46 The switch 47 is set ONL to energize the large-capacity heating element 19A, and a comparison signal of a temperature higher than the temperature value set in the temperature setting device 41 is communicated from the comparator 40 to the control circuit 46, and the signal is sent to the temperature setting device 41. When the temperature is 25° C. or more higher than the temperature set in , the output signal from the control circuit 46 turns the switch 49 to 0FFL, and cuts off the power to the small capacity heating element 19C. In this manner, the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 is always controlled within the range of 250 to 300° C. during continued operation.

Also, at the end of operation, switch 47.48°49.50
0FFk:L, large capacity heating element 19A.

19B and small capacity heating elements 19G and 19D, and
As the li fibers continue to be supplied to the warming chamber 16, the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 also decreases, so that the formed solid material discharged from the annular discharge port 18 remains in powder form. When the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 is detected, the comparator 42 receives a signal from the temperature detector 22 that detects the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17. The output signal of the comparison circuit 42 which compares the low temperature detection value of 17 is communicated to the control circuit 46, the signal output from the control circuit 46 is communicated to the air cylinder 3 via the drive circuit 52, and the air cylinder 3 is It is activated to close the shutter 4. At the same time, even if the electric motor 30 automatically stops due to the operation of the electromagnetic switch 36 communicated from the control circuit 46 via the drive circuit 53, even if powdered fibrous materials remain in the warming chamber 16, no solid matter remains. There is no residue remaining, and even if the electric motor 30 is started at the time of restarting operation, no problem will occur.

As mentioned above, the operation is performed by controlling the heating temperature and the load value of the electric motor within the standard range that is optimal for the wet-squeeze forming action, but at the start of operation, the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 is set to 350 - 350°C. The temperature is raised to 400° C. to promote the softening of the fibrous material supplied to the warming chamber 16 and to facilitate molding and solidification in the crushing chamber 16, thereby reducing the crushing and crushing action that is insufficient in the warming chamber 16 at the start of operation. Since the required degree of filling and compaction is ensured, it can be formed into conditions suitable for processing into crushed molded products distributed as products in a short time, and during continuous operation, the
Since the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 is controlled within the range of 350°C, it has a moderate effect on softening the fibrous material, and at the end of the operation, the heating temperature of the forming cylinder 17 drops to 250°C or less. Since the electric 1fi 30 is stopped after the heating, no solid fibers remain in the warming room 16, and the operation can be restarted smoothly.

In order to perform the crushing operation smoothly and continuously for a long time, it is necessary to maintain the load on the electric motor constantly in addition to controlling the heating temperature described above. , and the flow resistance pressure of the collapsed molded body, the supply amount adjusting device 2 is
9 is controlled to increase or decrease the amount of fibrous material supplied from the raw material supply section 5 to the rubbing chamber 16, which is optimal for the degree of compression and filling of the fibrous material in the grasping and crushing chamber 16, and for crushing and solidifying the material. Since it is controlled based on the load value of the electric motor 3o- so that The crushing and crushing action of fibers can be operated stably and continuously for a long period of time, and can be processed into high-quality molded products.

What is shown in FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the feed rate adjustment device. A rotary valve 55 is rotatably mounted in a cylindrical case 54 at the upper part connected to the raw material supply section 5, and a supply hopper 56 is connected to the cylindrical case 54. A belt 60 is suspended around a pulley 57 pivoted on the rotary valve 55 and a drive pulley 59 pivoted on the motor 58, and an inverter 61 is connected to the motor 58 to form a supply amount adjusting device 62. The load detector 37 and the inverter 61 are connected via the control device 35.

The effect of the above configuration was combined with the configuration diagram of the control device shown in FIG. To explain by example, the raw material is supplied from the supply amount adjusting device 62 to the raw material supply section 5, and
A load detector 37 detects the load on the motor 30 due to the compression, warming, and molding action inside the motor, and transmits the detection signal to the comparator 44, which detects the load value set in the load setting device 45. The comparator 44 communicates an output signal with a higher or lower level than that to the control circuit 46, and based on the signal value input from the comparator 44, the control circuit 46 outputs it to the inverter 61, and the motor 58 is changed in speed based on the control value of the inverter 61. The load value set on the load setting device 45 and the load detector 3 are rotated.
The rotational speed of the rotary valve 55 is automatically adjusted to high or low so that the detection signals of 7 are the same, and the amount of raw material supplied is adjusted to increase or decrease. In this embodiment, since the fibrous material is supplied from the supply hopper 56 to the raw material supply section 5 by the rotation of the rotary valve 55, the blocking of the fibrous material generated within the supply hopper 56 can be broken down and stable supply can be carried out. .

What is shown in FIG. 5 shows yet another embodiment of the supply amount control device, in which a vibrating supply gutter 6 equipped with an electromagnet 63 is shown.
4 is formed in the supply amount control device 65 facing the raw material supply section 5, and a supply hopper 66 opening onto the supply gutter 64 is provided.

In this embodiment, the signal value input from the comparator 44 to the control circuit 46 based on the detected value of the load detector 37
The vibration supply gutter 64 is controlled by controlling the voltage applied to the electromagnet 63.
The number of amplitudes is controlled to increase or decrease the amount of fibrous material flowing down from the supply hopper 66 to the raw material supply section 5. This embodiment has a feature that it is possible to control the supply amount to increase or decrease with high precision.

Effects of the Invention As explained above, the control device of the present invention can detect the load on the motor that varies depending on the degree of compression, softening, temperature, and solidification density of the textiles supplied to the warming room. Since the raw material supply amount is automatically increased or decreased to achieve the optimum motor load value for warm molding, it is possible to prevent operation stoppages or accidents due to motor overload due to excessive compression and solidification. This eliminates various problems such as the risk of causing an explosion of unburned gas caused by excessive compression, causing the molded product to blow out of the machine, and the production of defective products with incomplete kneading and molding due to insufficient compression. It has the remarkable effect of being able to operate stably and continuously for a long period of time with the warm wet molding effect of the molding process, and being able to process into high-quality molded products.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional front view, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device, and FIG. 4 is the supply port adjustment device. FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the supply amount adjusting device. 1... Side frame 2... Supply hopper 3.
...Air cylinder 4...Shutter 5...Raw material supply section 6...Bearing stand 7.8...Bearing
9... Taper part 10... Rotating shaft
11... Helix for compression 12... Helix for molding 1
3...Spiral shaft 14...Groove wheel 15...
Opening 16... Crushing chamber 17... Molding cylinder 18... Annular outlet 19A, 19B... Large capacity heating element 19C, 19D... Small capacity heating element 20... Crimping plate 21... Heating device 22... Temperature detector 23
... Fulcrum shaft 24 ... Rotating rod 25 ... Piece 26 ... Valve plate 27 ... Motor 28 ... Screw shaft 29 ... Supply amount adjustment device
30...Electric motor 31...Belt 32...
・Load display 33... Temperature display 34... Alarm 35... Control device' 36... Electromagnetic switch 37... Load detector 38... Comparator 39...
・Pre-start temperature setter 40... Comparator 41... Temperature setter during operation 42... Comparator 43... Operation stop temperature setter 44... Comparator 45... Load setter
46... Control circuit 47.48, 49.50... Switch 51.52.53... Drive circuit 54... Cylindrical case 55... Rotary valve 56...
- Supply hopper 57... Pulley 58... Motor 59... Drive pulley 60... Belt
61... Inverter 62... Supply amount adjustment device
63... Electromagnet 64... Vibration supply gutter 65...
- Supply amount adjustment device 66... Supply hopper R-8-T... Power terminal MC... Electromagnetic coil S-
T...Push button for starting operation

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A compression spiral body with a large transport force on the raw material supply side and a molding spiral body with a reduced transport force on the crushed molded product discharge side are mounted on the same rotating shaft, and the forming spiral body is mounted on the same rotating shaft. A hollow molding cylinder is horizontally installed on the outer peripheral side of the molding cylinder, a heating device is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the molding cylinder, and a crushing chamber is formed between the molding spiral body and the molding cylinder, In the apparatus, the fibrous material is compressed and supplied from the raw material supply section to the crushing chamber by the compression spiral, the fibrous material is crushed and formed in the crushing chamber, and is discharged from the end of the forming cylinder. a load detector for detecting a load on an electric motor that drives a rotating shaft; 1. A control device for a fibrous material crusher for plants of the family Ornamental family, characterized in that a load detector is connected to the control device via a control device equipped with a load setting device. (2) A control device for a crusher for fibrous materials such as plants of the family Oriental family as set forth in claim (1), wherein the supply amount adjusting device is a rotary valve with variable speed. (3) A control device for a crusher for fibrous materials such as plants of the family Herbaceae as set forth in claim (1), wherein the supply amount adjusting device is a rotary valve with variable speed.