JPS6243700Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The present invention is a recombinable hydraulic cylinder in a jig pallet, and more specifically, a piston attached to the cylinder that can be operated in either a pulling or pushing direction. This relates to a device for tightening and fixing a workpiece onto a pallet mounted on a pallet, and can be said to be of great use in the field of machine tools.

[Conventional technology and problems to be solved]

As is well known, the method of tightening and fixing a workpiece on a jig pallet is as shown in Fig. 1, using a jack bolt Y as a fulcrum, pulling down a tightening bolt X with a hydraulic cylinder, and then tightening a presser foot Z. The so-called "pull hand method" presses the workpiece W with the tip of the
As shown in FIG. 2, there is a so-called "pushing" method in which a jack bolt or the like Y close to the workpiece W is used as a fulcrum, the tightening bolt X is pushed up with a hydraulic cylinder, and the tip of the presser foot Z presses the workpiece W.

By the way, the workpieces to be machined on the jig pallet are of a wide variety and rarely have uniform sizes, so when adopting the "push hand" method (see Figure 2), Compare the distance between the tightening bolt and the workpiece (W, Y), which is the fulcrum, and the distance (X, Y) between the force point and the fulcrum, and the relationship (W・Y)≪(X・Y) holds true, in other words. Therefore, it is necessary that the fulcrum Y is as close to the workpiece W as possible, and when adopting the "pulling hand" method (first
(see figure) includes the distance between the workpiece and the force point (W.
X) and the distance between the point of effort and the fulcrum (X・Y), the relationship (W・X)≪(X・Y) holds true.In other words, the point of force It is necessary. For this reason, on a pallet with limited space, a dead space inevitably occurs due to the arrangement of the workpieces, which impedes the operating rate and work efficiency of the apparatus itself.

Therefore, in the present invention, when it is necessary to place the point of force X closer to the workpiece on the pallet than the fulcrum Y, the hydraulic cylinder can be set to "pull freely" in response to such circumstances. In the opposite case, the technical challenge is to make the most effective use of the limited workpiece placement area on the pallet by easily converting the operating system of the hydraulic cylinder to "push-type". be.

[Means adopted to solve the problem]

The means adopted by the present inventor to solve the above technical problem will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (FIGS. 3 to 5).

That is, in the present invention, a piston 4 having a central hole 4a is slidably fitted in a cylinder chamber 1 with one end open, which is embedded or placed in a jig pallet P, and the bottom side of this piston 4 is reversibly inserted. A biasing means 9 is attached to the piston 4 to constantly bias the piston 4 toward the head, and a cylinder rod 6 is connected to the central hole 4a to transmit the forward and backward movement of the piston 4 to the tightening bolt X. The opening of the cylinder chamber 1 facing the rod 6 is a through hole 8a that allows the rod 6 to move forward and backward.
A port 3 is provided in the side wall of the cylinder chamber 1 to communicate with the hydraulic flow path 2 in the pallet P, and the outer circumferential surface of the piston 4 facing the port 3 is sealed. To provide a "reconfigurable hydraulic cylinder in a jig pallet" which adopts a technical means of forming a passage 5 to supply high-pressure hydraulic oil to the cylinder chamber A on the head side of the piston 4. This solved the above-mentioned problems.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the structure of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a pallet and a pallet changer of a machining center showing an example to which the present invention is applied. As can be understood from the figure, the upper pallet P1 is at a processing position on the machining center, and the lower pallet P2 is at a position where workpieces are removed or attached on the pallet changer PC. Hydraulic oil from a hydraulic source S is increased in pressure to these pallets P1 and P2 by a pressure booster 1, and is sent to each hydraulic cylinder HC via high pressure joints J1 and J2. Therefore, these palettes P1 and P
2, a large number of hydraulic cylinders HC are arranged vertically and horizontally at equal intervals surrounded by key-shaped grooves TC bored in a grid pattern. Note that AC is an accumulator that has the pressure holding function of the hydraulic cylinder HC.

Fig. 4 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the cylinder chamber 1 of a hydraulic cylinder HC is bored inside a pallet P, and Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. This shows an example in which the cylinder chamber 1 of the hydraulic cylinder HC is placed on a pallet P.

That is, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, cylinder chambers 1 and 1', which are open at the top, are recessed in each area divided by key-shaped grooves TC bored in a grid pattern. , ports 3, 3, . . . , which communicate with the hydraulic flow passages 2 running vertically and horizontally within the pallet P, are formed on the side walls thereof. A piston 4 having a passage 5 on its outer periphery that can communicate with the port 3 is movably housed in the cylinder chamber 1 . This piston 4 has a center hole 4a, through which a cylinder rod 6 is inserted and separably connected to the piston 4 by a nut 7. The other end of the cylinder rod 6 passes through a through hole 8a formed at the center of a flange member 8 that seals the opening of the cylinder chamber 1, and faces the upper end of the cylinder chamber 1.

The reference numeral 9 in the figure is a compression coil spring employed as a biasing means, and is attached to the bottom side of the piston 4. As shown on the left side of FIG. 4, the piston 4 is inserted into the cylinder chamber 1 with the piston head to which hydraulic oil is supplied from the passage 5 facing upward and the bottom side to which the biasing means 9 is attached facing downward. When installed, the biasing means 9 biases the piston 4 upward, and hydraulic pressure acts against this biasing force, so the hydraulic cylinder
The HC-1 can be used in a "pulling" manner, and as shown on the right side of Fig. 4, a biasing means 9' is installed with the piston head, which is supplied with hydraulic oil from the passage 5, facing downward. If the piston 4' is installed in the cylinder chamber 1' with the bottom side facing upward, the biasing means 9' biases the piston 4' downward, and hydraulic pressure acts against this biasing force. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder HC-2 is "pullable"
It will be possible to use it. When changing the "usability" of the hydraulic cylinder HC in this way, the bolts 1a that fix the flange member 8 are
Remove the cylinder rod 6 and piston 4.
Or, if you take out 4' and separate them, reverse the piston 4 or 4' and install it, connect the cylinder rod 6 to the piston 4 or 4' again with the tee 7 and install it in the cylinder chambers 1, 1'. Hydraulic cylinder HC-1 which can be used as a “pull” type can also be used as a “push” type hydraulic cylinder.
The "push" hydraulic cylinder HC-2 can be converted to "pull". It goes without saying that even if the pistons 4 and 4' are reversed, the port 3 and the passage 5 are in a position and size relationship that allows them to communicate with each other, and the high pressure hydraulic oil from the hydraulic flow path 2 is transferred to the port 3.
Then, it flows smoothly into the A and A' portions of the head side cylinder chamber 1 of the pistons 4 and 4' through the passage 5, thereby pushing up or lowering the pistons 4 and 4'. At this time, sections B and B' of the cylinder chamber on the opposite side to sections A and A' of the cylinder chamber on the head side are compressed, but the inner periphery of the pistons 4 and 4' and the cylinder rod 6 are vented. Since the holes 4b and 6b are provided in communication with each other, the air in the portions B and B' of the cylinder chamber can freely escape. Note that 6a is a female screw hole that connects the tightening bolt X and the cylinder rod 6.

However, when the device of the first embodiment is used, when the workpiece W protrudes above the key-shaped groove TC-1, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder HC-1 is higher than that of the adjacent key-shaped groove TC2. Since the hydraulic cylinder HC-1 is closer to the workpiece W, the hydraulic cylinder HC-1 is designed to be "pullable", and the tightening bolt As a result, the restraining pressure of the hydraulic cylinder HC-1 may be applied to the workpiece W via the presser foot Z.

On the other hand, when the workpiece W is located outside the key-shaped groove TC, the key-shaped groove TC is closer to the workpiece W than the hydraulic cylinder HC, so the hydraulic cylinder HC
Assuming that this is the "pushing hand", connect the tightening bolt All you have to do is tighten and fix W.

In this way, the first embodiment device is
Since it can be easily reassembled in either direction, it is possible to use the hydraulic cylinder HC for either "pull" or "push" depending on the specific situation of the workpieces W, W... placed on the pallet P, thereby making maximum use of the working area of the pallet P. In the first embodiment of Fig. 4, the hydraulic mechanisms 4, 6, 8 are basically installed in the cylinder chamber 1 above the pallet P, but it is also possible to close the upper part of the unnecessary cylinder chamber 1 with a blank plug (not shown).

Next, in the device of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
The HC is placed to connect the hydraulic flow path 2 in the pallet P with the auxiliary flow path 3a communicating with the port 3, and the other parts are provided with blind plugs 10, and the above is achieved using the minimum number of hydraulic cylinders HC. Similarly, the working area of the pallet P is to be utilized to the maximum extent possible. Therefore, it is superior to the one shown in FIG. 4 above in that it can economically achieve the desired effect. The internal mechanism of the provided hydraulic cylinder is almost the same as that shown in FIG. 4, so the same parts are given the same numbers and the explanation will be omitted. In addition, the code|symbol 11 is a fixing bolt.

Although the embodiment device shown in the accompanying drawings is generally constructed as described above, the present invention is by no means limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims for utility model registration. For example, it is possible to embed the mounted type shown in Fig. 5 in a pallet as shown in Fig. 4, and the application of the present invention is not limited to pallets in machining centers, but can be applied to a wide range of applications for clamping. It goes without saying that the jig can be used as a tilting table of an angle indexing table, etc., and naturally falls within the technical scope of the present invention.

[Effects of this invention]

As explained above using the embodiments, in the case of the jig pallet constructed by applying the present invention, the hydraulic cylinders arranged in rows can be used in either the "pull" or "push" positions.
Since it can be easily changed to either type, the hydraulic cylinder can be used efficiently according to the specific pattern of the workpieces arranged on the pallet, and it can achieve a high operating rate without creating dead space unlike conventional equipment of this type.・It becomes possible to perform mechanical work with high work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are perspective explanatory views showing how a workpiece is tightened using the pulling and pushing methods, and Figure 3 is a plan view showing a pallet and pallet changer of a machining center to which the present invention is applied. , FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention. 1... Cylinder chamber, 2... Hydraulic flow path, 3... Port, 4... Piston, 5... Passage, 6...
Cylinder rod, 8...flange member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A piston 4 having a central hole 4a is slidably fitted into a cylinder chamber 1 with one end open, which is embedded or placed in a jig pallet P, and a biasing means 9 is provided on the bottom side of the piston 4. is installed to always urge the piston 4 toward the head side, and a cylinder rod 6 is connected to the central hole 4a to transmit the forward and backward movement of the piston 4 to the tightening bolt X, and the cylinder chamber that this rod 6 faces is 1 opening is the same rod 6
The cylinder chamber 1 is sealed with a flange member 8 having a through hole 8a that allows the cylinder to move forward and backward, and a port 3 that communicates with the hydraulic flow path 2 in the pallet P is opened in the side wall of the cylinder chamber 1. A recombinable jig pallet characterized in that a passage 5 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the opposing piston 4 so that high pressure hydraulic oil can be supplied to the cylinder chamber A located on the head side of the piston 4. hydraulic cylinder.