JPS6238628B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multi-cylinder refrigerator equipped with a plurality of refrigeration cycles.

Conventional multi-cylinder refrigerators, such as Special Publication No. 47-11190
In the system disclosed in the above publication, the regenerators of each refrigeration cycle are configured to be adiabatic from each other, and therefore the refrigeration efficiency is not good.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to allow the refrigerant flowing through the regenerator of the cycle that generates low-temperature refrigeration to cool the regenerator of the cycle on the high temperature side.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a four-cylinder refrigerator of the present invention. First, the configuration of the multi-cylinder refrigeration cycle 200 will be explained. The parts of the other three cylinders differ only in the parts that are connected to each other, so the explanation will be simplified.

A compression piston 14a, an expansion piston 7a, and a rod 18a are integrated into a compression cylinder 15a, an expansion cylinder 6a, and a rod housing 12a, which are made coaxially. Each piston 7a, 14a and compression cylinder 15
a and the expansion cylinder 6a are piston rings 8
a, 13a, and the rod housing 12a
and rod 18a are each kept airtight by a rod seal 17a. That is, a first expansion space 1a is provided in a space surrounded by the expansion cylinder 6a and the expansion piston 7a, and a first expansion space 1a is provided in the space surrounded by the expansion cylinder 6a and the expansion piston 7a.
a, compression piston 14a and expansion piston 7a
A first compression space 11a in a space surrounded by
Furthermore, the compression cylinder 15a and the rod housing 12a, the compression piston 14a and the rod 18
A second compression space 16a is formed in each space surrounded by a. As mentioned above, it is a 4-cylinder engine, so
Expansion cylinders 6a-6d, compression cylinders 15a-
15d, rod housings 12a-12d, expansion pistons 7a-7d, compression pistons 14a-14
There are four each of the rods 18a to 18d, and the first compression spaces 11a to 11d, the second compression spaces 16a to 16d, and the first to fourth expansion spaces 1a.
There are four of each ~1d.

By the way, a radiator 5 is placed in the center of the expansion cylinders 6a to 6d and compression cylinders 15a to 15d arranged in a circle. The heat radiator 5 has four operating parts 5.
It is divided into a to 5d. One end 19a of the operating portion 5a is connected to the first compression space 11d and the second compression space 1 by a flow path 9a and a flow path 10a, respectively.
6b, and the other end 20a is connected to the first regenerator 2
It is connected to 2a. The other end of the first regenerator 22a communicates with the first expansion space 1a through a flow path 2a. Each of the above elements 1a-d, 22a-
The combinations of d, 5a to d, 11a to d, and 16a to d are shown in FIG.

The configurations of the first to fourth regenerators 22a to 22d will be explained in detail. FIG. 2 is a developed view of the regenerator 22.
A first frozen recovery section 23 is provided above the first regenerator 22a, and inside the first frozen recovery section 23 are first heat exchangers 23a to 2 with a large number of holes.
3d is provided. Said first to fourth regenerators 22
The internal spaces 36a to 36d are filled with heat storage materials 4a ₁ to 4d ₁ such as metal balls or wires.
There is a second frozen recovery section 24 above the second regenerator 22b, and inside the second frozen recovery section 24, there are second heat exchangers 24b to 24d with a large number of holes.
is provided. Said second to fourth regenerators 22b~
The internal spaces 37b to d are filled with heat storage materials 4b ₂ to 4d ₂ such as metal balls or wires. A third frozen recovery section 2 is installed above the third regenerator 22c.
5, and inside it there is a third hole with many holes.
Exchangers 25c to 25d are provided. The internal spaces 38c to d of the third to fourth regenerators 22c to d are filled with heat storage materials 4c ₃ to 4d ₃ such as metal balls or wires. Above the fourth regenerator 22d, there is a fourth refrigerating and recovering section 26, in which a fourth heat exchanger 26d with a large number of holes is provided. The internal space 39d of the regenerator 22d is filled with a heat storage material _4d4 such as metal balls or gold steel.

Incidentally, flanges 27a to 27d are provided at intermediate portions of the expansion cylinders 6a to 6d. In each of the flanges 27a to 27d, a heat sink 5 is hermetically fitted in the center, and a vacuum plate 29 with four holes is hermetically attached to the periphery. A vacuum dome 30 is hermetically fitted to the cylindrical upper part of the vacuum plate 29. The cylindrical portion of the vacuum plate 29 is connected to the piping 4 of another frozen recovery unit device 300.
2,101 is installed airtight. In this way, the vacuum plate 29, the vacuum dome 30,
flanges 27a to d, radiator 5 and piping 42,
101 forms a vacuum space 31.

Based on FIG. 1, the compression pistons 14a-1
4d and the operating mechanisms of the expansion pistons 7a to 7d will be explained. Both pistons 14a to 14d, 7a
~7d is driven by a rotating swash plate mechanism (another crank mechanism or rocking swash plate mechanism may be used). Compression pistons 14a-d are secured to rods 18a-18d, which in turn are secured to guide pistons 32a-d. The guide pistons 32a to 32d are provided with spherical bearings 33a to 33d.
are assembled to sandwich the rotating swash plate 34. The rotating swash plate 24 is fixed to a shaft 35. A motor (not shown) is attached to the shaft 35,
The rotation of the motor rotates the rotary swash plate 34, converts the guide pistons 32a-d and rods 18a-d into reciprocating motion via the spherical bearings 33a-33d, and compresses the compression pistons 14a-1.
4d and expansion pistons 7a to 7d reciprocate.

Next, the first to fourth expansion spaces 1a, 1b, 1
The configuration of a device that collects the refrigeration by adding the refrigeration generated in steps c and 1d to the refrigeration recovery device 300 will be explained based on FIG. 2. 40 is a compressor. A discharge side 41 of the compressor 40 is airtightly connected to a pipe 42, and the other end of the pipe 42 is connected to a first heat exchanger 44.
It is airtightly connected to the high pressure side inlet 43 of. The high-pressure side outlet 45 of the first heat exchanger 44 and the inlet 47 of the first frozen recovery heat exchanger 48 fixed to the first frozen recovery section 23 are airtightly connected via a pipe 46. The outlet 49 of the first refrigerating heat exchanger 48 and the high-pressure side inlet 51 of the second heat exchanger 52 are airtightly connected via a pipe 50. Said second
The high-pressure side outlet 53 of the heat exchanger 52 and the inlet 55 of the second frozen recovery heat exchanger 56 fixed to the second frozen recovery section 24 are airtightly connected via a pipe 54. The outlet 57 of the second refrigerating heat exchanger 56 is hermetically connected to the high-pressure side inlet 59 of the third heat exchanger 60 via a pipe 58. Said third
A high-pressure side outlet 61 of the heat exchanger 60 is hermetically connected to an inlet 63 of a third frozen recovery heat exchanger 64 fixed to the third frozen recovery section 25 via a pipe 62. Outlet 6 of the third refrigerating heat exchanger 64
5 is hermetically connected to the high pressure side inlet 67 of the fourth heat exchanger 68 via a pipe 66. A high-pressure side outlet 69 of the fourth heat exchanger 68 is hermetically connected to an inlet 71 of a fourth frozen recovery heat exchanger 72 fixed to the fourth frozen recovery section 26 via a pipe 70.
The outlet 73 of the fourth refrigerating heat exchanger 72 is
High pressure side inlet 7 of fifth heat exchanger 76 via piping 74
5 is hermetically connected. Said fifth heat exchanger 7
6 high pressure side outlet 77, inlet 79 of the Joule-Thompson valve 80, outlet 81 of the Joule-Thompson valve 80, and inlet 83 of the fifth refrigerating heat exchanger 84.
are airtightly connected via pipes 78 and 82, respectively. The outlet 85 of the fifth refrigerating heat exchanger 84 is connected to the fifth heat exchanger 76 via piping 86.
It is hermetically connected to the low pressure side inlet 87 of. A low pressure side outlet 88 of the fifth heat exchanger 76, a low pressure side inlet 90 of the fourth heat exchanger 68, and the fourth heat exchanger 6.
8, the low pressure side inlet 93 of the third heat exchanger 60, the low pressure side outlet 94 of the third heat exchanger 60, and the low pressure side inlet 9 of the second heat exchanger 52.
6. The low pressure side outlet 97 of the second heat exchanger 52, the low pressure side inlet 99 of the first heat exchanger 44, and the low pressure side outlet 100 of the first heat exchanger 44 are connected to the suction port 102 of the compressor 40. , respectively, piping 89,
They are hermetically connected via 92, 95, 98, and 101. In this way, a closed circuit is formed, and a refrigerant is sealed within the circuit.

In the above configuration, first, the fourth expansion space 1d
This section explains the action that causes freezing. 1st~
The action of generating refrigeration in the third expansion spaces 1a to 1c is as follows:
Since it is used in the same way as the fourth expansion space 1d, the explanation will be omitted. In a stroke in which the compression pistons 14c and 14a are directed from near the bottom dead center and near the top dead center to near the neutral point, and the expansion piston 7d is moved from near the neutral point to the top dead center, when rotation is applied from the shaft 35, the The working fluid in the first compression space 11c and the second compression space 16a passes through the radiator 5d and is cooled, thereby being compressed approximately isothermally. compression piston 14
c and 14a go from near the neutral point to near the top dead center and near the bottom dead center, respectively, when the isothermally compressed working fluid passes through the fourth regenerator 22d, the fourth
It is cooled by the heat storage material 4d ₁ provided in the regenerator 22d. The working fluid flowing between the gaps in the heat storage material 4d ₁ is further cooled by the first heat exchanger 23d. By the way, the operating principle of the first heat exchanger 23d is that the refrigeration generated in the first expansion space 1a is
The first heat exchanger 23a
By cooling the heat exchanger 23d. Said first
The heat exchanger 23d is cooled by the heat storage material _4d2 , and when passing through the second heat exchanger 24d, the second expansion space 1b is operated on the same operating principle as the first heat exchanger 23d. It is cooled by the refrigeration that occurs. The working fluid that has passed through the second heat exchanger 24d is cooled by the heat storage material _4d3 , and when passing through the third heat exchanger 25d, the working fluid is It is cooled by refrigeration generated in the expansion space 1c. Said third
The working fluid that has passed through the heat exchanger 25d is transferred to the heat storage material 4
Cooled by d ₄ . In this manner, the temperature and pressure of the working fluid are lowered within the heat storage device 22d, resulting in a substantially equal volume change.

In the strokes in which the compression pistons 14c and 14a move from near the top dead center and near the bottom dead center to near the neutral point, and the expansion piston 7d moves from near the neutral point to near the bottom dead center, the working fluid expands and refrigeration occurs. , 4th
It absorbs heat from the fourth cooling recovery section 26 via the heat exchanger 26d, and expands approximately isothermally. In this way, the fourth expansion space 1d has the lowest temperature among the four cylinders.

During the strokes in which the compression pistons 14c and 14a move from near the neutral point to near the bottom dead center and near the top dead center, respectively, the isothermally expanded working fluid passes through the fourth regenerator 22d with substantially the same volume. At this time, the heat storage materials 4d ₄ , 4d ₃ , 4 provided in the fourth regenerator 22d
Heat is given by d ₂ and 4d ₁ , and both the temperature and pressure are increased. Said first to third expansion spaces 1a, 1b, 1
c also generates refrigeration using the same principle. In this way, the temperature of the first to fourth expansion spaces 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d increases in this order. As described above, when rotational force is applied to the crankshaft 35, the refrigerator becomes a refrigerator that generates refrigeration.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the frozen recovery device 300' is used as a liquefier. 8
4' is a container for storing liquid. A valve 103 for taking out liquid to the outside is connected to the flow path 1 in the container 84'.
05, a pipe 104 is airtightly connected to one end of the valve 103, and the other end is connected to a container (not shown).

Next, the operation of the frozen recovery device 300 will be explained. The temperatures of the first to fourth expansion spaces 1a to 1d are designed to become lower in sequence. For example, 1st to 4th
The expansion spaces 1a to 1d can be developed at 150°K, 70°K, 30°K, and 15°K, respectively.
The high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 40 is passed through the pipe 42
and enters the first heat exchanger 44. The high-pressure refrigerant passes through the pipe 46 and enters the first refrigerating and recovery heat exchanger 48 while being cooled by the low-pressure refrigerant entering from the low-pressure inlet 99 in the first heat exchanger 44 . Since the first frozen recovery heat exchanger 48 is cooled by the refrigeration generated in the first expansion space 1a via the first frozen recovery section 23, the refrigerant passing through the first frozen recovery heat exchanger 48 is further cooled, passes through piping 50, and enters second heat exchanger 52. The refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 52 is transferred to the first heat exchanger 4
It is cooled by the same principle as 4, enters the pipe 54, and the second
It enters the frozen recovery heat exchanger 56. Since the second freezing recovery heat exchanger 56 is cooled by the refrigeration generated in the second expansion space 1b via the second freezing recovery section 24, the refrigerant is further cooled and flows through the pipe 58.
and enters the third heat exchanger 60. The refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 60 is cooled using the same principle as in the first heat exchanger 44, passes through the pipe 62, and enters the third refrigerant recovery heat exchanger 64. Since the third refrigeration recovery heat exchanger 64 is cooled by the refrigeration generated in the third expansion space 1c via the third refrigeration recovery section 25, the refrigerant is further cooled and passes through the pipe 66 to the fourth refrigeration recovery heat exchanger 64.
It enters heat exchanger 68. The refrigerant in the fourth heat exchanger 68 is cooled using the same principle as the first heat exchanger 44, and passes through the pipe 70 to the fourth refrigerating heat exchanger 7.
Enter 2. Since the fourth freezing recovery heat exchanger 72 is cooled by the refrigeration generated in the fourth expansion space 1d via the fourth freezing recovery section 26, the refrigerant is further cooled and passes through the pipe 74. It enters the fifth heat exchanger 76. The refrigerant passing through the fifth heat exchanger 76 is cooled using the same principle as the first heat exchanger 44. The high-pressure refrigerant that has been sequentially cooled in this manner passes through the pipe 78 and reaches the Joel-Thompson valve 80.
Sufficiently cooled high-pressure refrigerant is passed through the Joel-Thomson valve 8.
0 causes isenthalpic expansion and low pressure. At this time, the refrigerant becomes even colder, a portion of which becomes liquid, and enters the heat exchanger 84. In the fifth freezing and recovery heat exchanger 84, the liquefied refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside and becomes a gas having the same temperature as the liquid. Said fifth
The low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the freezing recovery heat exchanger 84 is sequentially transferred to the heat exchangers 76, 68, 60, 52, 44.
The refrigerant on the high pressure side is cooled inside, passes through the suction port 102 of the compressor 40, and is compressed again by the compressor 40. In this way, the refrigerant completes one cycle and generates refrigeration in the fifth refrigeration and recovery heat exchanger.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following unique effects can be obtained.

By providing a heat exchanger within the regenerator, the working fluid passing through the regenerator is cooled by refrigeration generated in another expansion cylinder. As a result, a low temperature of 10°K can be obtained even with a single-stage expansion method.

By installing many heat exchangers in the regenerator,
For example, the working fluid passing through the regenerator can be cooled at temperatures around 150°K, 70°K, and 30°K, thereby improving refrigeration efficiency.

It can compensate for the amount of heat that passes through the walls of the regenerator.

By cooling the refrigerant in the refrigeration recovery device with the different temperature refrigeration generated in the four expansion spaces,
A low temperature of 4.2°K can be obtained efficiently with a small and lightweight device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures all show the structure of a multi-cylinder refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, with Fig. 1 being a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the whole, and Fig. 2 showing the relationship between the structure of the regenerator and the refrigeration recovery device. Figure 3 is a simplified partial sectional exploded view, Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the multi-cylinder refrigeration cycle and refrigeration recovery device, and Figure 4 is an easy-to-understand diagram of the relationship between the structure of the regenerator and the refrigeration recovery device when used as a liquefier. It is a partial cross-sectional developed view. 1a to d...first to fourth expansion spaces, 22a to d...first to fourth regenerators, 23a to d...first heat exchangers, 2
4b-d...Second heat exchanger, 25c, d...Third heat exchanger, 48, 56, 64, 72...First to fourth refrigeration recovery heat exchanger, 200...Multi-cylinder refrigeration cycle, 3
00,300'...Frozen recovery device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first refrigeration cycle comprising a compression space, a radiator, a regenerator in which a first heat storage member and a first heat exchanger are sequentially arranged in the direction of the low temperature section, and an expansion space: and Compression space, radiator, first heat storage member inside, first
A second refrigeration cycle comprising: a regenerator in which a heat exchanger, a second heat storage member, and a second heat exchanger are sequentially arranged in the direction of the low temperature section, and an expansion space, and in the expansion space of the second refrigeration cycle. In a multi-cylinder refrigerator in which the refrigeration temperature generated is lower than the refrigeration temperature generated in the expansion space of the first refrigeration cycle, the first heat exchanger of the first refrigeration cycle and the first heat of the second refrigeration cycle A multi-cylinder refrigerator that is thermally connected to an exchanger.