JPS6236919B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a simple one- to two-person submersible that can navigate under its own power and is used for seabed exploration at depths of approximately 50 to 100 meters.

"Prior art" Previously, Japanese Patent Publication No. 19680 and Utility Model Publication No. 1973-
As shown in Publication No. 34889, there was a technology for maneuvering a ship by controlling the angle of the propulsion device, and as shown in Publication No. 7678 of 1982, there was a technology for maneuvering a ship by controlling the buoyancy of a closed ballast tank.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, as mentioned above, it is difficult to quickly dive and ascend, as well as navigate and change direction, by controlling the angle of the propulsion device or the buoyancy of the ballast tank. If a ballast tank is installed inside the hull of a submersible, the cabin will become narrower and the hull will become larger.If a ballast tank is installed outside the hull, the tank will act as a running resistance and However, when floating, the bottom surface of the tank is pushed up due to the vertical movement of the water surface, causing the hull to shake violently.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' However, the present invention provides a main propulsion machine that can be moved horizontally in a 360-degree direction via a vertical support shaft on the rear side of a sealed cylindrical airtight hull.
In a submersible vessel, the left and right propulsion units are mounted rotatably through 360 degrees in the vertical direction via horizontal support shafts on the port and starboard sides of the hull,
A semicircular dome-shaped main ballast tank with an open bottom and a pointed tip is provided outside the upper half of the hull and is supported by protrusions in the front and rear, and holes are formed in the pipe frame that supports the bottom end of the ballast tank. By inserting one end of the frame into the hull and operating a valve, water can be injected into the hull from the opening in an emergency.

"Function" Therefore, according to the present invention, a semicircular dome-shaped main ballast tank is provided on the outside of the upper half of a sealed cylindrical airtight hull, and is supported in a protruding manner in the front and rear of the tank, and the tip side of the tank is sharpened. As a result, the hull is formed into a substantially streamlined shape, so the interior of the hull is not narrowed by the main ballast tank as in the past, and the running resistance of the hull is prevented from increasing. By controlling the buoyancy of the main ballast tank in conjunction with the angle control of the left and right propulsion units, it is possible to maneuver the ship quickly and efficiently, and by opening the bottom of the tank, it is possible to prevent damage from below due to the vertical movement of the water surface during surfacing. The tank is not affected by upheaval, and compared to a closed tank, the hull can be more stably floated and supported. Not only can the water filling time be shortened, but the structure is simple, reducing costs, reducing weight, and reducing internal space. Maintenance and inspection can be performed extremely easily, the capacity of the ballast tank can be improved, the tank can be handled easily, and furthermore, if the main and left and right propulsion machines and the main ballast tank break down during diving and it becomes impossible to ascend, By operating a valve, water is injected into the hull through the openings and the hollow frame, creating the same pressure inside and outside the hull to facilitate escape in an emergency.

"Example" An example of the embodiment will be described in detail below based on the drawings. Figure 1 is a side view of the whole, Figure 2 is a plan view of the same,
FIG. 3 is a front view of the same, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view.
It is equipped with an airtight hull 1 having a closed cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical body 2 for entry and exit is fixedly installed in the center of the upper surface of the hull 1, and the cylindrical body 2
Peep windows 3 are provided on the front, rear, left and right sides of the body, and an access hatch 5 having a peep window 4 is attached to the upper part of the cylindrical body 2 so as to be openable and closable. Front and rear pipe frames 6 and 7 are protruded and fixed approximately at the center of the front and rear outside of the hull 1, and tow hooks 8, 8, 9, and 9 are provided on the upper surface of the hull 1 and the tips of the pipe frames 6 and 7, respectively. Semi-circular dome-shaped main ballast tanks 10 and 11 with open lower surfaces and pointed tips are installed in the upper region of the pipe frames 6 and 7, and the cylindrical body 2 and the front and rear main ballast tanks 10 and 11 are connected to each other. Exhaust pipes 12, 12 are connected between the high positions of the exhaust valve 13, and the pipe 12 can be communicated with the interior of the hull 1 by opening and closing an exhaust valve 13.

Further, a variable ballast tank 14 is fixedly installed outside the bottom of the hull 1, a pipe 15 for supply and exhaust is connected to the tank 14, a water pipe 16 is connected to the tank 14, and a water intake valve is connected to the water pipe 16. 17, a water intake lever 18 provided inside the hull 1 is connected to the valve 17, and the amount of water inside the tank 14 is adjusted by operating the levers 18, 18.

Further, a pair of battery pods 19, 19 are fixed to both sides of the variable ballast tank 14, and a support frame 20 is provided protruding from the rear side of the hull 1, so that the rear pipe frame 7 and its frame 2
A main propulsion machine 22 having an electric motor (not shown) installed therein is installed horizontally rotatably on the support shaft 21, and a connecting rod is connected to a steering arm 23 provided inside the hull 1. The support shaft 21 is connected via the arm 24, and the angle of the main propulsion device 22 is controlled by operating the arm 23. Also, insert the end of the pipe frame 7 into the hull 1, attach the cabin water supply valve 25, and inject water into the hull 1 through the opening 26 outside the frame 7 and the hollow space of the frame 7 by operating the valve 25. , the inside and outside of the hull 1 are kept at the same pressure to facilitate escape in an emergency.

Next, the left and right propulsion machines 28, 2
8 is attached, and the propulsion devices 28, 28 are supported so as to be rotatable 360 degrees vertically around the support shafts 27, 27, and the propulsion devices 28, which have an electric motor (not shown) installed therein, are moved forward and backward and up and down. It is configured to change direction. In addition, guard pipes 29, 29 for protecting the propulsion unit 28 are installed at the center of both sides of the hull 1, and a front guard pipe 30 is installed between the tip of the pipe frame 6 and the battery pod 19, and a front guard pipe 30 is installed between the front ends of the left and right battery pods 19, 19. A support pipe 31 is fixedly installed in the vessel, the front ends of lead weights 32, 32 for emergency levitation are locked to the support pipe 31, and the rear ends of the weights 32 are connected and supported by a weight drop handle 33 inside the hull 1. .

A bottom viewing window 34 is provided at the front lower part of the hull 1.
At the same time, a passenger seat 36 is attached to the center of the cabin 35 inside the hull 1, an oxygen cylinder 37 is provided below the seat 36, and a navigation control box 38 is provided on one side of the seat 36. In addition, the cabin 35 and the battery pod 19 are communicated through an exhaust pipe 39, and a ballast valve 40 for adjusting the amount of air inside the variable ballast tank 14, a forward control handle 41, and an air purifier 42 are provided in the cabin 35. In addition, a ventilation tube 44 equipped with an inboard snorkel valve 43 is attached to the cylindrical body 2.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and the entry/exit hatch 5 is opened and closed to enter the cabin 35, and the center seat 3
6, look forward, backward, left and right through the viewing window 3, upward through the viewing window 4, and downward through the viewing window 34, and look at the battery pod 19.
The main and left and right propulsion units 22, 28, 28 are operated using the internal battery (not shown) as a driving source, and the air inside the front and rear main ballast tanks 10, 11 and the lower variable ballast tank 14 is taken in and out. It is used for maneuvering ships.

For example, when floating a submersible, air is pumped into the main and variable ballast tanks 10, 11, 14 to fill them.
It floats on the water surface due to the buoyancy of 1,14. In this state, if the main and left and right propulsion units 22, 28, 28 are horizontally supported and driven toward the stern, the hull 1 moves forward. On the other hand, while stopping the main propulsion machine 22,
If the left and right propulsion units 28, 28 are reversed, horizontally supported toward the bow, and driven, the hull 1 moves backward. Furthermore, direction changes during forward and backward movement can be performed by controlling the angle of the main propulsion device 22 and by varying the forces of the left and right propulsion devices 28, 28, respectively. Furthermore, main propulsion unit 2
2 in the left and right direction, and the left and right propulsion units 2
8 and 28 toward the stern and bow, the hull 1 can be turned on the spot.

In addition, the main and variable ballast tanks 10, 1
The hull 1 dives vertically by removing the air inside the hull 1 and 14 substantially uniformly to reduce buoyancy, stopping the main propulsion machine 22, and vertically supporting and driving the left and right propulsion machines downward. At this time, the submersible can be stopped at an arbitrary depth by adjusting the amount of air extracted and controlling the drive of the left and right propulsion units 28, 28. In this state, by appropriately changing the direction of the main and left and right propulsion units 22, 28, 28, it is possible to move forward and backward underwater, change direction, and turn on the spot in the same manner as described above, while the main and variable ballast tanks 10 , 11, 14 again to increase buoyancy, and the left and right propulsion units 28, 28 are reversed and vertically supported and driven upwards, thereby causing the hull 1 to float vertically.

Furthermore, by varying the amount of air pumped into or extracted from the front and rear main ballast tanks 10, 11, and adjusting the amount of water in the variable ballast tank 14, by controlling the angle of the main and left and right propulsion machines 22, 28, 28, By tilting the hull 1 back and forth, it is possible to dive diagonally or float diagonally.

As mentioned above, the main and left and right propulsion units 22,
Due to the two acting forces of the propulsive force of 28, 28 and the buoyancy of the main and variable ballast tanks 10, 11, 14, the hull 1 quickly dives, surfaces, and moves, and the main ballast tanks 10, 11 drain. Therefore, the movement resistance of the hull 1 is reduced, and the hull 1 can float and move with small propulsive force and buoyancy.

In addition, by opening all the lower surfaces of the main ballast tanks 10, 11, it is possible to quickly fill and drain the tanks 10, 11 by adjusting the air volume, and at the same time, the tanks 10, 11 are pushed up by the vertical movement of the water surface when surfacing. The hull 1 can be prevented with a closed tank.
Pitching and rolling of the hull 1 can be minimized compared to floating support (for example, a hollow ball floating on water).

Also, in case of an emergency, for example, the main ballast tanks 10, 1
1 and when it becomes difficult to discharge the water in the variable ballast tank 14, each propulsion unit 22, 28, 2
8 is out of order, the handle 33 is operated to drop the lead weight 32 and the vessel floats to the surface, and when it becomes difficult to float after the weight 32 falls, the valve 25 is operated to fill the cabin 35 with water. , to escape by opening Hutch 5 using Aqualung equipment. Note that a remote control arm (not shown) is attached when performing work such as seabed exploration.

"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention enables the main propulsion unit 22 to rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction via the support shaft 21 perpendicular to the rear side of the hermetic cylindrical airtight hull 1. At the same time, the left and right propulsion machines 28,
In this submersible vessel, main ballast tanks 10 and 11 are provided on the outside of the upper half of the hull 1, with semicircular dome-shaped main ballast tanks 10 and 11 having an open lower surface and a pointed tip. An opening 26 is provided in the pipe frame 7 that supports the lower end of the ballast tank 11, and by inserting one end of the frame 7 into the hull 1 and operating the valve 25, the opening 26 is inserted into the hull 1 in an emergency. It is constructed so that water can be injected from the hole 26, and semicircular dome-shaped main ballast tanks 10 and 11 are provided outside the upper half of the sealed cylindrical airtight hull 1 and are supported protruding from the front and rear thereof.
By sharpening the front ends of the tanks 10 and 11, the hull 1 is formed into a substantially streamlined shape.
Unlike the conventional main ballast tanks 10 and 11, the interior of the hull 1 is not narrowed, and the running resistance of the hull 1 is prevented from increasing, and the angle control of the main and left and right propulsion machines 22, 28, 28 In addition, by controlling the buoyancy of the main ballast tanks 10 and 11, the ship body 1 can be maneuvered quickly and efficiently.
Furthermore, by opening the bottom surfaces of the tanks 10 and 11, the tanks 10 and 11 are not affected by upward thrust from below due to vertical movement of the water surface when floating.
Compared to a closed tank, the hull 1 can be stably floated and supported, and not only can the water filling time be shortened, but the structure is simple, reducing stress and weight, and internal maintenance and inspection is extremely easy. Go,
The capacity of the ballast tanks 10, 11 can be improved, the tanks 10, 11 can be easily handled, and the main and left and right propulsion units 22, 28, 28 and the main ballast tanks 10, 11 can be easily handled during diving.
11 fails and becomes unable to float, water is injected into the hull 1 through the opening 26 and the hollow frame 7 by operating the valve 25 to create the same pressure inside and outside the hull 1 for emergency escape. It has the advantage of being easy to perform.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a front view of the same, and Fig. 4 is a side view of the entire embodiment.
The figure is a cross-sectional side view. 1... Airtight hull, 7... Pipe frame, 10,1
1... Main ballast tank, 22... Main propulsion machine, 25...
Water supply valve, 26...hole, 28...left and right propulsion machines.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The main propulsion unit 22 is rotatably installed in the horizontal direction by 360 degrees via a vertical support shaft 21 on the rear side of the hermetic cylindrical airtight hull 1, and horizontal support shafts 27 are installed on the port and starboard sides of the hull 1. In a submersible vessel, in which left and right propulsion units 28, 28 are attached so as to be rotatable 360 degrees in the vertical direction via 27, a main ballast tank 10 has a semicircular dome shape with an open lower surface and a pointed tip.
11 is provided outside the upper half of the hull 1 to protrude and support the front and back of the hull 1, and an opening 26 is provided in the pipe frame 7 that supports the lower end side of the ballast tank 11.
By inserting one end of the frame 7 into the hull 1 and operating the valve 25, the opening 26 is opened in the hull 1 in an emergency.
A submersible characterized by being configured to be able to inject water from.