JPS6234196A - Keyboard unit for electronic musical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is an electronic musical instrument! This invention relates to a keyboard device, particularly to an improvement in the structure of a key to obtain a feeling similar to that of a piano as a natural musical instrument.

The piano as a natural instrument! The keyboard device is heavy at the beginning of the key press (the load on the key does not increase much after that, and when the key is released (
When the key is raised), there is a touch sensation in which a light reaction force is applied to the fingertips. This is due to the fact that the piano keyboard device has parts such as hammers, jacks, pens, dampers, etc. connected in a swingable manner. This is due to the fact that most of the contact parts and sliding parts are made of cloth or felt. In other words, if cloth or felt is used for connecting parts or sliding parts, a large frictional force is generated in these parts that suppresses the rotation of the key when it is turned. When you press a key, it feels heavy (feeling heavy)
On the other hand, it feels lighter when you release the key. However, the only time the key feels heavy is at the beginning of the key press, after which the jack temporarily separates from the hammer butt (in the case of an amp light piano), so the key load does not increase much.
It feels light. The tactile feel of the piano keys gives the player very easy-to-play intervals. For this reason, various efforts have been made in the past to provide electronic musical instruments such as electronic pianos with a touch feeling similar to that of the piano keys.

As an example of such a device, there is currently a technology in which, in addition to the member that gives the key a return habit, a spring is provided to reduce the return force, so that the return force of the key is gradually reduced as the key is pressed down; (2) In addition to the member that gives the key a return habit, there is a technique in which a spring is provided on the rotating shaft of the key to generate a frictional force, and the frictional force suppresses the key's return habit.

The technique (1) is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-70491, and the technique (2) is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 80-70492.

, rJ'l) < l.However, in all of the above conventional techniques, in addition to the member that gives the key a return habit, there is a spring that reduces the return force of the key, or a rotation shaft portion of the key. The former technique has a structure in which a spring is provided to generate a frictional force, which has the drawbacks of a large number of components and a complicated structure. Since the reaction force acting on the fingertips is basically the same when pressing and releasing a key, it is said that the interval between keys being released on the piano as a natural musical instrument cannot be sufficiently expressed. In addition, the latter technology uses frictional force to suppress the key's tendency to return, so it becomes lighter when the key is released, which has a negative impact on the touch feel of the piano as a natural instrument. Although it is similar, when pressing a key, the force required to press down the key increases in proportion to the stroke of the key, so the touch feeling when pressing the key is poor, especially when playing chords for a long time. The disadvantage is that it puts a considerable strain on the hands and fingers.

In this respect, it is an object of the present invention to provide a keyboard device that has a simple structure and yet can provide characteristics very similar to the touch feeling of a piano.

. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of playing music, electronic musical instruments according to the present invention are provided!
Iwasogo has a pivot point, a key arranged on the keyboard frame so as to be movable up and down, a lever provided on the keyboard frame so as to be movable up and down, and a key extending from the key to the side of the lever. It consists of a sliding contact and a bullet inserted between the lever and the key, and the bullet gives the key a return habit when the key is pressed, and
It is characterized in that the lever is brought into contact with the fg joint to generate a frictional force that suppresses the rotation of the key.

1. When a spring is inserted between the key and the lever in a somewhat compressed state, its elastic restoring force gives the key a tendency to return, and the lever is pressed against the sliding contact. Therefore, when the key is turned, a frictional force is generated between the lever and the sliding contact that suppresses the rotation of the key. This frictional force makes the key feel heavy when pressed and light when released.Then, the lever is formed into, for example, an arcuate cam surface, and the radius of the cam surface is slid into sliding contact with the pivot point of the key. By setting the distance to an appropriate value shorter than the distance to the sliding contact, as the amount of rotation of the key increases, there will be a gap between the lever and the sliding contact, so that when the key is pressed, the lever will move due to the return force of the spring. Since the spring is rotated to eliminate the above-mentioned escape, the spring expands as the amount of rotation of the key increases, or it is kept at a constant compression amount regardless of the amount of rotation of the key.For this reason, the spring exerts a force on the key. The return behavior is similar to that of a piano key. Note that the relief between the lever and the sliding contact can be created without forming the lever into an arc shape as described above.

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example in which the keyboard device of the present invention is applied to a white key, in which 1 is a white key made of a synthetic resin phase, and has a key body 2 and a cover on the top surface of the key body. It consists of a key top 3 attached to the lock body and a key holder 4 attached to the rear end side of the lock body. The key holder 4 is formed with an engagement recess 4a that becomes a pivot point 0 for the white key 1 by engaging with the front edge of an insertion hole 6 formed in the keyboard frame 5. Also, key body 2
An L-shaped stopper 6 is vertically disposed downward at the front end of the stopper 6, and the lower horizontal bent portion 6a of the stopper 6 is inserted into a through hole 7 formed in the vertical surface of the front end of the keyboard frame 5. . A stop felt 8a and a level felt 8b are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the keyboard frame 5 above the bent portion 6a of the stopper 6. The rotation range of the white key 1 is limited to a range from a position where the bent portion 6a abuts against the level felt 8b and stops to a position where the lower surface of the white key body 2 abuts the stop felt 8a and stops.

A sliding contact 9 is provided extending downward in the middle of the white key 1 in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG.
0 is formed, and the sliding contact 9 is inserted into the hole 10, and a fan-shaped lever 11 having an arcuate cam surface 11a is rotatable around one end of the cam surface 11a. It is locked. In this embodiment, the locking structure of the lever 11 is provided by upright sides 10a and 10a on both left and right sides in the middle of the hole 10.
It adopts a structure in which it is rotatably supported on a pin 12 inserted through Qa.

A spring seat 11b is formed at a suitable location on the upper surface of the lever 11, and a similar spring seat 2a is formed on the lower surface of the white key 1 opposite to this spring seat 11b. And both spring seats 2a,
A spring 13, which is an example of a bullet, is inserted between Ilb in a somewhat compressed state. Therefore, the restoring force of the spring 13 gives the white 1!1 a restoring habit of trying to rotate upward, and at the same time, the lever 11 is rotated downward to bring its cam surface 11a into contact with the sliding contact 9. , generates a frictional force that suppresses rotation of the white key 1 on its contact surface. Also lever 1
When the key 1 comes into contact with the sliding contact 9, a component force is generated that tends to move the white key 1 forward. can be engaged. In the figure, 14 is a switch that detects the key pressing speed by measuring the time from f3rake to Make with the sliding contact 9 when the contact point is pressed, and 15 is White II! The key guide 16 controls the left and right rotation of the key 1, and the key 16 is a black key.

To assemble the above keyboard device, first, insert lever 11 into hole 1.
0 in advance so as to be rotatable, and the spring 13 is temporarily fixed to the spring seat 11b on the lever 11. Next, move the white key 1 forward and downward, insert the front end stopper 6 into the through hole 7, and then lower the rear end of the white key 1!1 and insert the sliding contact 9 into the hole 10. At the same time, the engagement recess 4a at the rear end
into the insertion hole 6. Then, in this state, compress the spring 13 and insert the upper end side of the spring seat 2a on the lower surface of the white key 1.
Set to . This completes the assembly.

According to the keyboard device having the above configuration, it is possible to create a touch feeling similar to that of the keys of a piano, which is a natural musical instrument. The reason for this will be explained based on the moment diagram at the time of key depression shown in FIG. 3 and the moment diagram at the time of key release shown in FIG.

However, in the figure, FA: Load when key is lowered FA': y! Load when rising W: Weight of key FS: Vertical component of spring load N: Vertical force acting on the sliding surface between the cam surface 11a and the sliding contact 9, created by the spring load.

FF: Frictional force excited based on the N.

If the friction coefficient of the sliding surface is μ, then It is given by FF=μN.

R1: Distance from the contact point A between the sliding contact 9 and the lever 11 to the pivot point O of the white key 1.

Ll: Distance of key press from rotation fulcrum 0.

L2: 1 from rotation fulcrum O! Distance to center of gravity.

L3: Distance of spring action stew from rotation fulcrum O.

Now, when the player presses down the key at point A, the moment generated on the key at that time is approximately expressed by the following equation.

FA-L1+W-L2-FS-L3-FF-R1=0
・-1- to----fil ,-, FA=1/Ll (FS-L3+FF-R1-
W・L2) --1-...,-T2) Here, the frictional force FF is assumed to act in a direction perpendicular to R1.

Similarly, the moment generated in the key when the key is released is expressed by the following equation.

FA'・Ll-FS-L3+W-L2+FF・R1=
0 ・---------(3) , -, FA'=1/Ll (FS-L3-FF-R1
-W-L2) ・-・----f4) The difference in the key load between when the key is lowered and when it is raised is expressed by formula (2) - (4)
Given by the formula, FA-FA' = 1/L 1.2FF-R1-.-
-(5) Therefore, when the key is lowered and when the key is raised, it is 2FF-R.
This results in a difference in key load by L/L1, thereby realizing a heavy touch when the key is pressed and a light touch when the key is released.

Furthermore, when pressing a key, if the amount of compression of the spring 13 increases in proportion to the amount of descent of the key, FS in equation (2) also increases in proportion to the amount of descent of the key, and as a result, FA also increases. However, in the present invention, the spring 13 is y! :
1 and the rotatable lever 11, an increase in FS can be effectively avoided by rotating the lever 11. The reason for this will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 5 as follows.

That is, if the key 1 is now lowered by dl, the contact point B of the sliding contact 9 with the lever 11 will be lowered by d2 along a large circular arc whose radius is the distance R1 from the pivot point 0. At this time, the radius R2 of the cam surface 11a of the lever 11 is set to R
If it is determined that 1>R2, the lever 11 will rotate by θ (rad) in order to come into sliding contact with the sliding contact 9 that has been lowered by d2. Then, the spring seat 11b on the lever 11 is displaced downward by X·θ. Therefore, this displacement amount of X・θ is the key 1
If XJPR2, etc. are determined to be equal to or larger than the displacement amount d3 (d3<d2<dl) of the side spring seat 2a (X・θ≧d3), the length of the spring 13 will be the same before and after pressing the key. It's the same throughout, or it's longer after being pressed down. As a result, an increase in FS due to the lowering of the key can be avoided.

Furthermore, in this case, as the key descends, the distance y from the pivot point 12 of the lever 11 to the sliding contact point B increases, so FS-
The normal force N acting on the sliding contact point B given by x=N-y decreases as the key descends, and therefore the frictional force FF given by μN also decreases.

As a result, the aforementioned increase in FS due to the downward movement of the key can be avoided, and the return force applied to the key is weakened in proportion to the downward movement of the key, creating a comfortable key touch feeling. It is something.

The relationship between the load and stroke of the keys of the above keyboard device is shown in Fig. 6. Further, a similar diagram in the case where X·θ>d3 is shown in FIG.

Next, in order to appropriately adjust the frictional force FFO value between the cam surface 11a of the lever and the sliding contact 9, as shown in FIG. Member 20
It is good to have . Bushing cloth, felt material, etc. are suitable for the friction coefficient member 20.

Furthermore, if a small protrusion m-n is formed on a part of the cam surface 11a of the lever and a part of the sliding contact 9 as shown in FIG. 9, the relationship curve between the key load and the stroke will be as shown in FIG. As shown, it is possible to create a left-off feeling similar to that of a piano at the contact position of the small protrusions m'n, and it is possible to make it more similar to the touch feeling of a piano key.

FIGS. 11 to 13 show still other embodiments of the present invention. The one in FIG. 11 maintains the relationship x<y between the distance It is stipulated that In this way, although the force acting on the sliding contact point B changes due to the change in the amount of compression of the spring,
The amount of change is reduced to x/y, and therefore a stable frictional force with little fluctuation is obtained at the contact point B.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the sliding surface 11a of the lever 11 is
An example is shown in which the surface is formed on a flat surface. Even if the sliding contact surface 11a of the lever 11 is made flat in this way, the positional relationship between the lever 11 and the sliding contact 9 is reversed from that of each of the above embodiments, so the amount of rotation of the key 1 is There is a clearance between the lever 11 and the sliding contact 9 in proportion to the above, and therefore a touch feeling similar to that of a piano key can be realized.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 13 shows an example in which the lever 11 and the sliding contact 9 are concentrated near the pivot point O of the white key 1.

This embodiment also provides a touch feeling similar to that of piano keys, as in the above-mentioned embodiments. It goes without saying that the above embodiments can also be applied to black keys.

As explained above, the keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention can be constructed from three elements: one bullet, a lever, and a slider, so that the construction is extremely linear. At the same time, (even though only one bullet is used)
It has the effect of not only giving the keys a repeatability but also generating the necessary frictional force to approximate the touch feel of a piano.

In addition, by forming an appropriate cam surface on either the lever or the sliding contact, the load on the key can be kept constant regardless of the amount of descent of the key, or can be changed so that it is large at the initial stage of key depression and then becomes smaller. Therefore, an electronic music S-circle keyboard device which is extremely easy to play and closely resembles the touch feeling of a piano is provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows 1! as an embodiment of the present invention. The side sectional view of the panel device, Figure 2 is 1! of Figure 1! An old disassembled perspective view showing a part of the board device in detail, Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams showing the moment generated in the key when pressing the key and when the M key is pressed, Figure 5 is a diagram showing the operation of the lever in detail, FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the relationship between the load and stroke of the key, respectively, FIGS. 8 and 9 are main part diagrams showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams showing the relationship between the key load and the stroke when the above configuration is implemented, and FIGS. 11 to 13 are diagrams showing still other embodiments of the present invention. 1...key, 5...y! Panel frame, 9...Sliding joint 11...Lever, 13...Spring, 0...Rotation fulcrum Patent applicant Roland Co., Ltd. Figure 2 Figure 5 Figure 6 → Stroke No. 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 → Stroke

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A key that has a rotational fulcrum and is disposed on the keyboard frame so as to be movable up and down; a lever that is disposed on the keyboard frame so as to be movable up and down; and a slide that extends from the key to the vicinity of the lever. It consists of a joint and a bullet inserted between the lever and the key,
A keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument, characterized in that, when a key is pressed, the bullet gives the key a return habit and generates a frictional force that causes a lever to come into contact with a sliding contact and suppresses rotation of the key. (2) A keyboard for an electronic musical instrument according to claim (1), wherein one of the lever or the sliding contact has an arcuate cam surface, and the other slides into contact with the cam surface. Device. (3) The keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument as set forth in claim (1), wherein a convex portion is formed on a part of the cam surface formed on one of the lever or the sliding contact. (4) A keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument as set forth in claim (1), characterized in that a friction coefficient member is provided on the sliding surface of at least one of the lever or the sliding contact.