JPS6231619A - Gassy or liquefied working material moved by pneumatic pressure or hydraulic pressure and usage to vessel or silo of said working material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a working material which serves both as a discharge means and for pre-relaxing the respective filling material stored in containers or silos.

Prior Art Patent Publication No. 7151m5 of the Federal Republic of Germany Specification No. 1
Silos can be seen from the diagram. In this silo, air enters the silo via a branch of the compressed air conduit through a porous plate.

As a result, the material stored in this silo is relaxed and, on discharge, passes via a discharge device and a tubular chute into a conveyor trough with a gas-permeable bottom made of porous stone. In this case, a penulator driven by a motor supplies air to the bottom in order to make the substance fluid. Such devices can be used inter alia to treat fine particulate materials.

In this case, the funnel-shaped part of the silo is inclined significantly in the direction of the outlet to allow the material to flow out, so that if the material becomes blocked, the porous structural material will be destroyed by the action of the compressed air.

A silo-style vacuum-vessel, such as that used in sugar production, is shown schematically in FIG. 5 of Austrian Patent Publication No. 275,048. The vessel has an outlet at its highest point above the bottom, through which excess solvent is sucked out. However, by the time this happens, measures must be taken to prevent the crystalline white matter from flowing out of the container.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention The present invention takes note of the problems described above in connection with the prior art, and takes into account the prior art with respect to these problems.
The aim is to create a solution having the nine features described in the patent claims. The problem to be solved in this case is intended to be such that, with the working material according to the invention, the filling material can be drained from containers or silos as easily, reliably, durable and cost-effectively as possible. In this case, the working material parts required for this can be functionally used whether they are in containers or silos made of metal or in containers or silos made of synthetic materials. The purpose of the present invention is to configure the device so that it can be easily attached later.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the attached drawings below. g0 In FIG. 1, the working material is shown generally in cross-section with the reference numeral 17. The fabric of this working material 1 is designated by the reference numeral 6, and the side of this fabric B facing the working material is designated by the reference numeral 7 for gases or 8 for liquids acting under the respective pneumatic or hydraulic pressure. is reference number 9,
A skin part 11 formed on the side surface 9 by means of a rod-shaped or sprayable substance 10 and impermeable to the active materials 7 and 8 is provided with the skin part 11 to allow the active materials 7 and 8 to pass through. The opening formed in 11 is designated by reference numeral 12.

Is this a relatively large load for textile 6? The entire structure 5 is rough and has a supporting capacity so that the permeation resistance of the pneumatically or hydraulically acting material 7°8 does not change even when exposed to the air pressure, so that the container or cylinder 46 The material lying on the fabric 6, such as the filling material 4 stored therein, passes through a relatively small amount of active material 7 or at-enough and is thereby relaxed to a minimum.

In this case, the textile material 6 must have a permeation resistance of an acceptable level, so it must not have an excessively large thickness, so that the textile material 6 has its elastic conductivity. It bends, flexes or moves in response to the respective action of the material 7 or 8. A prerequisite element for this construction is a relatively thin, flexible and tear-resistant skin part 11 which is firmly and tightly connected to the fabric 6 on one side.

This skin part is shaped in a manner adapted to the material placed on it in each case and has openings 12 of suitable size.
These openings together form a sufficiently large and selectable passage resistance for the active material 7.8 in cooperation with the fabric 6. In contrast to the relatively thick and therefore inflexible fabrics that are customary, the entire working material made in the above manner is not only relatively thin and bends as described above, but also has a working material 7, 8 is alternating, 1 acts and f
If c, it vibrates, which causes the working material 1 to pass through this acting material.
not only passes along with the respective filling material 4, but also, due to the mechanical action of the working material 1, the filling material 4 is removed from the respective container or silo 5 by the effect of the reaction to the vibrations of the passing movement and vice versa. It is ejected very strongly.

The fabric 6 can be made of known natural or synthetic fabrics, such as cotton or boliad, polyester, etc., or a mixed fabric made of such materials. This can be done by applying the rinseable substance onto the fabric 6, e.g. by spraying, while simultaneously forming the apertures with means that are pressed against the fabric, e.g. a plate with spikes ft. This also applies to the seal or skin 11 that is created.

If the significant advantage of an almost arbitrary adaptation of the sealing part or skin part 11 to the respectively selected surface or geometry of the side surface 9 of @vJ6 which is acted upon by the acting material 7.8 is not intended, the skin part or layer Instead of 11, it is also possible to use a sheet inseparably connected to the fabric 6 as a substitute. It has been found that polyvinyl chloride is the material for making this sheet, and polyester is extremely suitable for the fabric. However, in this case carbon tetrachloride must additionally be used as an evaporable solvent in the combination of the two materials.

FIG. 2 shows the same working material 1 as in FIG. In this case, the sealed side surface 9 of this working material 1 has two parts 20 delimiting the flow channel 17, which parts are KM@ together with the fabric 6 or are provided with a skin part I+. ing. A firm connection between these parts 20 and the fabric 6 can be achieved by any known method, such as gluing.

FIG. 3 shows the same embodiment as in FIG. 2, but in this embodiment only one part 20 is provided, which part is only partially shown in this figure. Although not shown, a space +9 is clearly seen in FIGS. 5 and 6.

Examples of the use of the working material 1 according to the invention are described below.

The working material 1 can be used particularly advantageously as a discharge means 2 in a container or silo 3 (see FIGS. 4, 7, 8 and 9).

The evacuation means support the respective filling material 4 together with the respective wall 13 of the container or silo in direct contact with it, allowing it to relax and be discharged from the container or silo 3. The working material 1 or the discharge means 2 has a feed opening 14 for the filling substance 4 on its closed side 9.
In addition, in the region of the outlet 15, it is releasably connected in an air-tight and liquid-tight manner to the inner wall 16 of the container or silo 3 by means of adhesive or via a flange 7 on the part of the container or silo 3. Between the connection with the inner wall 16 there is no flow channel 17 for guiding the pneumatically or hydraulically acting agent 7.8 and which is correspondingly loaded by the filling rostrum 4. One or more places of the sealed side surface 9 of the fabric 6 abut against the inner wall 16 of the container or tee opening 3.

The wall 13 of the container or silo 3 has one or more cavities 19 in each case between the side surfaces 9 on the one hand and the inner walls 16 on the other hand.
One or more inflow and outflow openings 18'i are provided for the active material 7 or 8 to be introduced into or out of these cavities. In this case, one or more sections 20 are provided which form at least one outlet or channel 17 in the area of at least one or more openings 18 .

Details regarding the silos are explained below.

In FIG. 4, the filling material inlet is designated by the reference numeral 23, the cover belonging thereto is designated by the reference numeral 24, the pipe for sucking out 4 ft of the filling material is designated by the reference numeral 25, and the ninth annular flange for fixing the discharge means 2 is designated by the reference numeral 25. Reference numeral 26 indicates the discharge pipe for the filling substance 4, reference numeral 27, the pipe conduit for the active material 7, 8, reference numeral 28, and the transfer pump for the active material 7, 8, reference numeral 29. It was shown in

Here, by operating the transfer pump 29, the pipe conduit 2
For example, air is forced into the flow path 17 (see Figures 8g8 and 9 for details of this flow path) which does not have the opening 12 of the skin portion 11 in its cross section through the inlet 18t.
10 and 11), the air impact pressure propagates extremely quickly between the inner wall 16 of the silo 3 and the sealed side surface 9 of the discharge means 2 via the annular flow path 17, and The means 2 is lifted from the inner wall 6 of the silo 3, so that the air coming through the openings 12 and the fabric 6 flows on average through this conveyance means at a location where the pressure of the filling material is low, so that the air adjacent to the fabric is Finally, the discharge means 2 is brought into the curved state indicated by the dash-dotted line, and at the same time the filled material is sent to the discharge pipe 27 under the action of gravity. If the filling material 4 exerts a blocking force, the filling material 4 is sucked out by the pipe 25 in the area of the discharge pipe 27.

As a result, pressure is unloaded in the filling substance 4 itself at this position, and the bulge of the discharge means 2 increases in thickness, and therefore, the steepness of the bulge also increases again due to the increase in the height of the bulge.

As a result, the discharge of the filling material 4 via the discharge pipe 27 naturally occurs again unhindered.

5 and 6 show a part of the embodiment according to FIG. 7, which is simplified in terms of the required components on the device compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 4. . In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, as well as in the embodiments shown in the subsequent drawings, the arrangement corresponds to the previously mentioned drawings. The tm minutes are again indicated with the same symbols. Instead of the two sections 200 forming the flow path 17 in FIG. 4, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 only one section 20 is provided each, and this section is empty. On the other hand, in place 19, textile 6
, which divides the hollow space between the side surface 9 and the inner wall 16 of the wall 13 on the other hand. In the upper half of FIGS. 5 and 6, the discharge means 2 is shown in an extended state without any filler material 4 and in an unloaded state. In the lower half of the figure, the ejection means 2 is loaded with a filling material 4 having an instantaneous level marked, which primarily rests against the inner wall 16 of the silo 5 and is sealed in a region 20. Alternatively, it is curved in such a way that a substantially annular channel 17 is left between the discharge means 2 and the inner wall 16, which do not have an opening 12 in this area.

This channel 17 likewise serves for the guidance of compressed air which passes through the respective active material 7, 8 and also through the evacuation means 2 and causes the filling material 4 to relax and be ejected. The part 20 is connected to the ejection means 2 in a known manner, for example by gluing, so that this part 20 and the ejection means 2 form one unit'.
formed and sealed together as this unit itself, or
Alternatively, the area 22 of the channel 17 is covered by a skin or layer 11 that does not have an opening 22t. The units 2, 20 are closely connected to the rock 13 by screws 50 with nuts 31. Therefore, the spaces 19; 19 and 17;
7 and 17 are formed. In this case the head washer of the screw 50 is designated by the reference numeral 32. In the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 6, parts 2 and 20 are separate parts, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. Both sides 21 are sealed.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the silo 5, which has a simplified construction in terms of equipment. The pipe 25 is indicated by a dash-dotted line, and even in the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the suction of the filling material 4 is connected to the pipe 25 and to this silo outside the tee opening 3, and also in the embodiment according to FIGS. This is carried out by means of a filling substance container (not shown) and which is provided with a suction blower (ft1Iiii) alone or simultaneously in cooperation with the discharge pipe 27. Briefly, the discharge pipe 27 of the filling material 4
It can be done only by

For this purpose, the blower 29 is again connected to a three-way valve 33 as well as a pipe line 28 and an inflow opening and an outflow opening 18.
It is connected to the cavity 19 via. In this case empty space 1
9 are separated from each other in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6.

When the blower 29 is operating, the valve 53 shown in FIG.
In the adjustment state, the cavity 19 connected to this blower is pressurized, in which case the elevation of the evacuation means 2 increases;
As the slope of this evacuation means 2 becomes increasingly large in the vicinity of the evacuation pipe 27, the filling material 4 is discharged via the evacuation pipe 27i.

By switching the valve 33t, different operating situations are created, as shown in FIG.

As the air pressure decreases, the hitherto curved portion of the evacuation means 2 returns to its sloping and flat state, whereas the hitherto uncurved portion 2 of the ejection means 2 becomes more protruding, and this This causes the filling material 4 to slide minimally in the direction of the discharge pipe 27 through which it is delivered. In this case, the blower 29 is designed in a known manner as a reversible blower and can optionally be operated intermittently between the blowing and the sucking operating states, so that the evacuation means 2 can be switched between the two while vibrating. The active material 7.8 is moved and vibrated mechanically, and in each case the active material 7.8 flows past and is thereby relaxed, ensuring that the filling material 4, which is also subjected to intense mechanical movement, is delivered from the silo 3 via the discharge pipe 27f. It will be done.

FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of the evacuation means 2 in the silo 3 with compressed air conduit fittings between the wall 13 and the part 20 via the channel 17t'' according to FIG. 2, as in FIG. 4. In this figure, a channel network formed by channels 17 can be seen, which channels the compressed air as much as possible between the wall 13 on the one hand and the sealed side surface 9 of the fabric 6 on the other hand. This allows for a rapid and uniform supply, whereby the evacuation means 2 are raised from the wall 13, so that the compressed air passes through the openings 12'lI of the skin or layer 11 in a pulsating manner and with this the filling of bulk material 4. It also passes in a pulsating manner to relax it.

In the right-hand part of FIG. 8, a discharge means 2 under pressure with compressed air is shown in an extremely raised position with a part 20 connected thereto and forming a channel 17 for supply. It is shown with a similar arrangement of parts 20 as in FIG. 11', where the ejection means 2 is shown in its resting state.

From prisoner 9 onwards, a modified embodiment with respect to the last-mentioned arrangement can be seen. In this example - all details No. 10
As shown in the figure with respect to the stationary state of the discharge means 2, the part 20 is connected to the inner wall 16 of the silo 3, for example by gluing.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the part 20 is sealed at its end via means 10 forming a skin or Jfill and is fixed to the inner wall 16 of the wall 13 of the silo 5. The ejection means 2 can be lifted out of the part 20 without obstruction.

According to FIG. 11, the entire unit 2, 20 can be easily removed from the wall 15 at its sealed sides 9, 11.

FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the ejection means 2 and a plan view of its side surface 9. In this case, the portion forming the flow path 17 is designated by reference numeral 20 and by 12. Channel 17
In the region of , the skin or layer 11 is not provided with openings 12 . The distribution of apertures 12 need not be uniform, but rather may vary depending on the embodiment.

The flow of the active materials 7, 8 also takes place through openings 12 of different sizes, which, as is clear from FIG. They are arranged concentrically with concentric circles.

An equal arrangement of openings 120 of the same size and, in particular, a relatively gentle slope of the conveying means is advantageous for the flowable filling material 4, whereas the arrangement of openings 120 described later is advantageous for the respective active material 7°. 8, an extremely intense pulse occurs locally in the center of each case. This is advantageous in the area of the respective discharge pipe 27, in which case the textile material 6 can be adjusted to the respective filling material 4 by means of a corresponding structure 5) with a more or less pulse control. conduct. opening 1
Instead of arranging the discharge means 2 concentrically, it is also possible to arrange them in a flat helical locus or in a three-dimensional helical locus extending over the entire discharge means 2. The respective filling material 4 serves as a dimensional reference for the arrangement of the openings 12 and the size of these openings, i.e. the respective maximum height of the filling material 4 on the respective position of the evacuation means 20 or the filling material 4 at each location. The magnitude of the local pressure on the material 1 as well as the inclination of the corresponding inner wall 16 of the silo 5 serve as a criterion.

The active material 7 is supplied in each case by a channel network of channels 17.
, 8 are distributed as quickly as possible between the inner wall 16 of the silo 3 on the one hand and the sealed side surface 9 of the fabric 6 on the other hand,
It then passes through the ejection means 2 in the manner described above. Discharge means 2
The passage resistance at is essentially the aperture 12 per unit area.
can be predetermined by the size and number of the fabrics 6 and by the comparative market price or diffusion resistance of the fabric 6.

If the simplicity of the discharge means 2 and its uniformity depending on the material are not taken into account, when the silo 3 is made of metal, the part 20 forming the flow channel 17 can be replaced by, for example, a horizontal annular ring. It is possible to provide metallic guides on the inner wall 16 of the silo 3.

The fastening of the discharge means 2 in its end region in the vicinity of the filling material inlet 23 as well as the discharge pipe 27 is provided by an annular 7 flange 2.
61C can instead be carried out in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, which greatly facilitates the assembly operation.

To sum up all the above points, the present invention is directed to the field of handling containers or silos which requires very high technical skill, and which provides a rational and cost-effective production of evacuation means and a method for this evacuation. Significantly economical use of the means and saving of time, materials and working stages when assembling the equipment parts, no need for care during operation and diverse possibilities of location and use of the evacuation means. This guarantees a significant improvement over the prior art and great effectiveness.

Effects The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially extremely robust, mechanically capable of high loads, and thus reliable in operation.
Chemically inert or chemically uninvolved with respect to the respective filling material in the container or silo and easily processable.

In this way, the active material or active material parts can also be adapted to the respective three-dimensional shape of the container or silo, with the measures described in connection with the art known per se!
It is possible to create an ejection device each time according to the Iij style.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a part of the working material according to the invention and a plan view of this working material facing the pneumatically or hydraulically actuated member; FIG. FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 2, but with a view of the working material formed in the same manner as in FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of the silo, FIG. 5 is a detailed sectional view of the working material according to FIG. 5 shown together with the wall section of the silo, and FIG. FIG. 7 shows a modification of the working material according to FIG. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a discharge means provided with a flow path in the silo. FIG. 9 is a modified view of the configuration according to FIG. 8, which has all the corresponding structures for forming a flow path corresponding to FIG. 2, and FIGS. Detailed views of the configuration shown in Figures 8 and 9;
1. FIG. 12 shows a side view and a plan view of the part of the evacuation means that provides the channel network, facing the respective pneumatically or hydraulically actuated active member. The numbers in the figure are 1... Working material 3... Silo 4... Filling material 5... Structure 6... Fabric 7.8 ...Action member 9...Side surface 10...Material 11...Skin portion 12...Opening

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Generally used as an underlay for flowable filling substances (4) stored in containers or silos (5) such as powdered, ground or granular substances. In an active material (1) that is permeable to a gas or a liquid and is moved by pneumatic pressure or hydraulic pressure, the active material (1) has an equal permeation resistance to the gas (7) or liquid (8). consisting of a flexible, elastic and supporting fabric (6) having a coarse structure (5), which fabric (6) is actuated by its pneumatic or hydraulic pressure; The side surface (9) facing the working material (7, 8)
) is hermetically or liquid-tightly sealed with at least one liquid or atomizable material (10), which seal forms a thin, flexible and tear-resistant skin (11). What I am doing, this skin part (1
1) is provided with an opening (12) through which the active material (7, 8) passes in a dispersed manner, whereby the active material (1)
) is controlled by the distribution of the openings (12) of appropriate size.
7, 8), said working material having an excellent, selectable magnitude of permeation resistance in working combination with the fabric (6). 2. The working material (1) has a supply part (14) and a discharge part (15) for the filling substance (4) with its sealed side (9).
pneumatically or hydraulically actuated agents (7, 8) which are air-tightly and liquid-tightly releasably firmly connected to the inner wall (16) in the region of ) and which extend between the regions (14, 15); ) is present in the vicinity of the inner wall (16) in one or more parts of the side wall (9) which does not contain channels (17) for guiding the active material (7, 8) into or out of a cavity or cavities (19) in each case between the side surface (9) on the one hand and the inner wall (16) on the other hand. It has a large number of inflow and outflow openings (18), in which case at least in the area of these inflow and outflow openings (18) at least one outflow opening is located between the side surface (9) and the inner wall (16).
of the working material (1), characterized in that at least one or a number of parts (20) of the working material (1) are provided between the working material (1) or forming a flow path (17). , in the container or in the silo (3) together with their respective walls (13) are provided as a relaxing bottom in direct contact with the filling material (4), supporting and discharging this filling material. Use for discharge means (2). 3. characterized in that the side surface (21) of one or more portions (20) present between the sealed side surface (9) on the one hand and the inner wall (16) on the other hand is sealed; Use according to claim 2 of the active ingredient (1) for: 4. characterized in that one or more parts (20) form a unit with the evacuation means (2) and/or are rigidly connected to the inner wall (16) or both (2, 16); Use of the active ingredient (1) according to claim 1 or 2. 5. The active material (1) is characterized in that the active material (1) has no openings (12) in the area (22) of the channel (17), or in claim 3. Use as described.